The Pennsylvania Study (optimized)

              The April 28
2006 IMLS Research And Development Grant
Pennsylvania
study 2009
Table of Contents
Introduction ..................................................................................................................... .3
Background .................................................................................................................... .4
General Factors Influencing a Collections Longevity .................................................................. 5
Standards ........................................................................................................................ .6
Study.. ............................................................................................................................ .. 6
Current Status - short term ....................................................................................... .7
Long Term ............................................................................................................. .8
Testing ............................................................................................................................. .8
Notes on Analysis Procedures ................................................................................................ 9
Attachments -
Research Organizational Chart
Project Schedule I
Research Team development
Natural Aging Study
Maintenance Program
Project Schedule II
Research & Development
Environmental Study
Custom Formula Test Paper
Rare Collections Library Air Pollutant Study
Project Schedule Ill
1' Year Site Study
Fire Suppression Study
Custom Formula Paper( s) Diagram
SPME Site Sampling Protocol
SPME Sampling Schedule
Rare Collections Library Lighting DiagramISchedule
Professional Photos
Draft Copy of Fall ' 09 Symposium
Articles -
Website - www. pararebooks. com
2008 Edition of In Common Newsletter
Pennsylvania Library Association Presentations - Mary Clare Zales and Cornelius Rusnov
Gray Areas to Green Areas Conference 2007, Paper Published online September 2008
- Cornelius Rusnov
Pennsylvania Treasures - Ted W. Hanson
Risk Assessment Report - Gary R. Fleming
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 2
Introduction
Because Pennsylvania played a pivotal role in our nation's rich history - from the freedoms set in place by William
Penn through the colonial period and industrial revolution - Pennsylvania has a wealth of historical records and
artifacts documenting the birth and growth of our Nation. The State Library of Pennsylvania's Rare Collections
Library chronicles this history.
Initiated by Benjamin Franklin in 1745 under mandate of the Provincial Pennsylvania Assembly, the Commonwealth
has been collecting books and newspapers ever since documenting our written history and making it available to
citizens of the Commonwealth and the nation. This collection survived wars, fire and the influence of inadequate
and neglectful environments. Then in 1998, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania initiated the design of a state- of -
the- art environment to assure this primary source material remains available to inspire and educate future
generations. The environment is expected to preserve the collection for the next three hundred years.
By creating this specialized environment, Pennsylvania also created a model that is able to serve as a laboratory to
test, analyze and document the influences that contribute to the aging of paper based collections. The goal of this
study is to test the efficacy of the design of the Rare Collections Library. The outcome is to utilize the knowledge
gained to improve preservation environments for paper- based collections.
To determine if the environment of the Rare Collections Library is, in fact, an improved environment, the
mechanisms of paper degradation must be clearly researched and documented. Because cost will always be a
factor of preservation, even if this facility meets its primary goal of preserving the collections, its value as a
replicable model is lost if the costs of maintaining the facility are prohibitively high. Therefore, sustainability of the
preservation- based environment is a significant contributor to its ultimate success. This is especially important in
today's world of climatic change, the fluctuating energy costs and its global implications for future sustainability.
These sustainability costs must be understood and made an elemental component of the design requirements.
Studies conducted in a traditional laboratory setting can control for and/ or eliminate factors that influence the
outcome. When the laboratory is a contained library collection as it is in this study, the manipulation of factors is
approached with seriousness because the consequence of altering factors directly influences the health of the
collection the environment is protecting.
Therefore, throughout this study the overarching principle of the research being performed is to avoid harm to the
collections being studied. As a result, all aspects of the work performed under this study are evaluated for all
possible consequences before being introduced in the milieu in which the collection is held.
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 3
Background
The present configuration of the Rare Collections Library is made up of five separate environments customized to
the preservation needs of its collections. Newspapers, for example, require a different environment than pamphlets
or leather bound books of wood or rag paper. The research performed under this study is predicated upon a clear
understanding of the different components of the segregated environments. Understanding how these various
environments and their symbiotic relationships support each other is as important as understanding the influence of
the individual variables themselves.
In order to evaluate the suitability of any particular condition to contribute to the long- term protection of a collection,
its relationship to and interaction with the additional factors that also influence and shape the environment must be
studied. The multitude of the influences must be properly identified and weighted as to their significance and
contribution to a successful preservation environment.
The factors that influence environments can be classified into four broad categories from which they are derived:
I) In stitution
2) Collection
3) Climate
4) Building
Defining climate for purposes of this study as the average and extremes of temperature, atmospheric pressure,
precipitation, humidity, sunshine and the factors that influence them illustrates the intricacies and various influences
which must be evaluated when identifying the factors that create an environment. Ultimately, these four categories
determine a collections' usable life. When these four categories are broadened, their interdependence is more
readily identified.
The importance of studying interdependence of factors is that any one of the categories can outweigh the benefits
of the other three by either enhancing the long- term preservation of the collections or eventually leading to its
demise. As any sub- category can easily lead to the demise of its parent group, the interdependence of the various
factors is again reinforced in design decisions.
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 4
General Factors of Influence on Collection Longevity
1) Institution
a. Culture
i. Goals
ii. Policies
iii. Oversight
iv. Practices
v. Politics
b. People
i. Training
ii. Staff
iii. Patrons
iv. Support
c. Security
2) Collection
a. Age
b. T Y P ~ ( ~ )
i. Composition
ii. History
c. Size
d. Usage
i. Maintenance
e. Protection
3) Climate
a. Zone
b. Regional
c. Local
d. Immediate
4) Building
a. Type
i. Age
ii. Construction
iii. System( s)
1. Supervision
iv. Maintenance
v. Security
b. Housing
i. Construction
ii. Size
iii. Environmental System( s)
iv. Protection
c. Storage
i. Type
ii. Material
iii. Duration
d. Energy
i. Management
1. Consumption
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I cJR Page 5
The performance standards incorporate the factors that create the preservation environment. They, of course,
influence and constitute the degree and level of paper degradation. Therefore they must be evaluated, controlled
and constantly re- evaluated to monitor their significance and how they ultimately create and sustain the
environment. How these standards are implemented and later re- evaluated for effectiveness is of considerable
importance.
Understanding the components of the different environments of the Rare Collections Library is necessary before
starting the over- all site study. Establishing a base- line within the Rare Collections Library to evaluate the over- all
performance of the design concepts and construction is as important as the manner in which the testing and
evaluation is done because it will be used to evaluate the environments of other sites and institutions.
The simple collection of environmental data points alone is of no significant value to the research being done under
this study. The influences of these variables, data points, which help to compose various environments, have been
well documented both by practical application and in literature published regarding the degradation of paper.
It is the interaction of the various environmental factors being monitored that is of importance. The extensive
compilation of the required information gathered from the various participating facilities will be based on
scientifically established parameters which support the overall purpose of this study.
Samplinq Protocol
ldentification of what is to be sampled
Collection procedure
Quality of the samples collected
ldentification and elimination of unwanted contamination to the samples
Logistics of transporting samples from the collection point to the laboratory
Establishing time between collection and testing before the onset of sample degradation
Identifying which analytical and analysis processes each of the sample( s) is subject
Repeatability of results
Amassing all data collected into a central accessible location, for present and future research
Extrapolation from the data collected, conclusions set forth based on interpretation of data
Analvsis Protocol
All laboratory analysis protocol is dependent on the particular test( s) to be performed
Standard tests will be performed using the accepted standard protocol and documented as such
Any and all non- standard testing will be fully documented per accepted practice
The Study
Part of this study will include researching the aging behavior of different paper- based collections at seventeen sites
across the Commonwealth and at the NARA II facility in College Park Maryland. It will introduce ten commercial
and eight custom formulated papers and compiled into control books which will be housed in the stacks of each
facility from which we will be taking samples and performing tests over the course of the study.
The study will incorporate the various process of paper degradation from the viewpoint of the collection( s) from
three different perspectives to better understand the mechanisms of paper aging as they occur within collections
while residing in their housing environments:
This study will include non- evasive on- site investigations into the volatiles produced by collections and the
interaction with the environments in which they are located. It is also expected to develop a model from which to
better assist in improving the environmental standards that are utilized for the long- term preservation of various
collections.
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update 1 CJR Page 6
Ambient environmental conditions ( temperature, relative humidity and light) will be monitored during the period of
the study using on- site data collectors. Prior to the actual study each facility completed a survey of existing
conditions. Persons from the study who will be in charge of the introduction of the control books and site testing will
further document the existing environmental conditions at each facility
1. Short Term - Volatiles
The study will investigate volatiles generated by the collections using Solid- Phase Micro Extraction using
gas chromatograph/ mass spectrograph for analysis. As part of this portion of the study, we will be taking
four air samples from each of the seventeen sites every three months and bimonthly samples from three
sites for analysis over the course of the study.
Current Status - Short Term Study
Solid- Phase Micro Extraction ( SPME)
Given the large amount of sampling and analysis required by the SPME investigations of the Volatile Organic
Compounds ( VOC) developed from both the collections and other factors, a partner was needed. After extensive
investigation and assessment by the Research Team, Millersville University, a member of the Pennsylvania State
System of Universities was selected. The Chemistry Department of the University has distinguished itself both in
terms of the caliber of faculty and academic excellence. With their acceptance and commitment to perform three
years of joint research, additional equipment required for the study was purchased to augment the University's
equipment to perform the required analysis.
After the agreement with Millersville University was formalized outlining donated research time and the installation
of equipment, a period of testing and calibration processes followed utilizing samples from the Rare Collections
Library, NARA and Millersville University to insure compatibility and calibration of final results. Of note: During the
period of equipment alignment the environments of the Rare Collections Library tested below the accurate
calibration levels of the SPME equipment.
While the results, for the samples taken from the Rare Collections Library were found to be true, cross
contamination problems were identified, fouling the analysis work being performed at the NARA II Preservation
Laboratory in College Park, Maryland. This problem delayed the initiation of the site- study for several months while
researchers from NARA and technicians from the equipment manufacture resolve the underlying issues. It is
expected the cross contamination problem will be resolved within the next several months.
Though the laboratory analysis suffered setbacks due to technical problems, other aspects of the study have
developed extremely well. Given the level and extent of refinement the team has been able to achieve, the benefits
of this type of testing have proved its worth. Other aspects such as sampling protocol have been refined and
documented for easy field application ensuring the highest quality of samples.
Corrosive Coupon Study
Prior to, during and following the commissioning of the Rare Collections Library, Environmental Reactivity Monitors
( ERM) have been sampling the various spaces which comprise the built areas of the Library. Using silver and
copper coupons, the monitors have been measuring reactivity through corrosion in angstroms every five minutes
twenty- four hours a day seven days a week since their installation in May of 2007.
Interpretation of the data provided by the ERMs has consistently revealed that these areas are meeting a C- I and
S- I classification for clean- rooms - extremely pure air. The ERM readings have been compared to the analysis of
corrosive coupons installed in the air stream of each air handler unit servicing these areas and analysis every 90
days. Again, the analysis indicates extremely pure air. This data has been collaborated by results from the SPME
analysis.
The corrosive coupon study will be installed once technical problems are resolved with the SPME analysis.
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 7
Temperature and Relative Humidity Study
All aspects of this study have been finalized and ready for installation.
Fire Suppression Study - Additional study
This study is ready for installation; however it is dependant on the start of the long- term study. An additional
partner must be identified to assist in the additional testing and research as envisioned for this study.
Rare Collections Library Air Pollutant Study ( Passive Air Sampling) - Additional study
Before the Rare Collections Library was designed and built, base- line sampling was performed to establish design
parameters for its various environments. Subsequently, steps were taken to mitigate the deleterious effects of the
factors which would have a detrimental influence on the well being of the collections. It has now been recognized
that by just testing how good these special environments are at eliminating these factors ignores the constant
influences these factors have on the systems mitigating them. Therefore, the team recognized additional sampling
will be required to augment the initial spectrum of sampling.
The scope of the study consists of sampling for several compounds known for their deleterious effects on
collections. These compounds will be identified by utilizing passive samplers known for their effectiveness.
Sampling will be performed once a month at sixteen different locations within the Forum Building in which the Rare
Collections Library is located and within the Rare Collections Library.
This is a completely new study the Research Team determined to be essential. The Team recognizes the access
to a working library that can also serve as a research laboratory is likely to be a one- time occurrence. They want to
maximize the opportunity this situation affords. Supplies and analysis for this study are being underwritten by the
Office of Commonwealth Libraries. The final cost of this study is expected to exceed $ 100,000 of additional in- kind
contribution.
2. Long Term - Physical Characteristics
As part of the necessary data for our research, we will need to establish how the control books, constructed
from our sample papers, are reacting with their respective host environments at the different sites. These
tests will augment the SPME and other short- term studies performed at the site and on air samples from
each site.
Sample Papers
Both commercial papers ( ten different recipes) and custom papers ( eight different recipes) will be placed as
separate test booklets in the different storage areas at the 17 host sites. The preservation environments in each
storage area will be carefully monitored so that any aging degradation in the test booklet paper may be traced back
to storage conditions. The way the different papers respond to the conditions will allow better preservation
decisions to be made for entire collections.
Physical and analytical ( chemical) testing will be done in order to monitor any degradation changes in the paper
caused by the environment or inherent properties of the paper. The use of both commercial and custom papers will
enhance the ability to study these changes and make optimal preservation decisions for a real collection. The
commercial papers are similar to those found in actual collections and so directly mimic the experiences and aging
of a collection population. The exact recipes of the commercial papers have been reversed engineered so that the
chemical components will be known and changes may be traced to specific components. However, commercial
papers have complex recipes with many different components so it is not always possible to determine which
component may be causing the specific physical or chemical change witnessed in the paper.
Also, the vast majority of papers in libraries and historic collections were produced using methods and materials
that are not used in making modern commercial papers. Therefore, the custom papers will be produced from
specific recipes, starting from a very simple bleached Kraft paper with no additives to papers that differ from this
simple starting recipe by only one or two additional components, such as gelatin, buffer, or buffer and a salt. These
custom recipes will allow changes in physical or chemical tests to be traced more successfully to a specific
component of paper and in turn this will help explain the changes that are seen in actual commercial papers that
make up a collection. The information learned through comparing the custom papers as a control to the
commercial papers will help allow individual collections to be preserved at conditions specific for a special paper
component.
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 8
Prior to the construction of the surrogate books, all the commercial papers will be reversed engineered following
standard protocol for doing this in the commercial environment. This will be done to establish base- line data and
help identify certain degradation pathways not easily identified based solely on the information provided by the
manufacturer.
Testing
The following tests will be performed on all the control papers in 2008- 2009 and again prior to distribution in 2009,
one year after distribution 2010, one year later 201 1 and an additional year 2012 ( the last series of tests will
depend on the results of the previous years and ensuing discussions by the Research Team).
a. PhysicalIChemical testing required ( We will be emulating the tests that were defined by the ASTM
100 year study expecting to see very little if any change at some sites and a little more at others):
i. MD Folding Endurance
ii. MD TensileIMD TEA
iii. CDTear
iv. Zero- span Tensile
v. Cold Extract ph
vi. Alkaline Reserve
vii. Brightness
viii. Color ( CIE L* a* b*) values
b. In addition to the above physical tests we will to run the following chemical tests every six months
on sample papers extracted from the control books:
i. Degree of Polarization
ii. Extract Analysis
iii. Ion Chromatography
iv. SEM
3. Augmenting Lab Analysis Work
a. Accelerated Aging - Accelerated aging studies are planned on some of the papers used to
construct the control books in an attempt to compliment the data generated by the other testing.
b. Over the course of conducting the different tests, there will be an investigation into the role of
gelatin size in paper permanence and the role of aluminum salts in paper permanence.
Additional notes on analysis procedures for the Pennsylvania Study I ASTM Study by
Mark Ormsby and Jennifer Herrmann, National Archives & Records Administration
This memo discusses details of the paper analysis procedures that were used as part of the ASTMI Research
Program into the Effect of Aging on Printing and Writing Papers as described in the February 2001 Final Report.
This information will help to guide the development of procedures for the " Pennsylvania Study." Also, we hope to
cooperate with the other institutions involved in the ASTM program and analyze samples from the long- term natural
aging study.
The sample books made from fifteen different pulps were placed at ten facilities in 1998. Pages were removed and
sent for analysis in 2000, 2003 and 2008. The analysis procedures were:
Method Performed by
MD Folding Endurance ( MIT Procedure) Library of Congress
MD TensileIMD TEA Canadian Conservation Institute CCI
CD Tear Canadian Conservation Institute
Zero- span Tensile Canadian Conservation Institute
Cold Extract pH Image Permanence Institute at RIT
Alkaline Reserve Image Permanence Institute at RIT
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 9
Brightness
Color ( CIE L* a* b*) values
Forest Product Laboratory
Forest Product Laboratory
Note that degree of polymerization ( DP) data is not gathered as part of the long- term study. As listed in the final
report from the program, the Canadian Conservation Institute ( CCI) made extensive studies of changes in DP of
ASTM papers 1 and 3 as well as 8 commercial papers ( see the attached excerpts). The Library of Congress ( LOC)
determined DP for paper 1 at several aging temperature, but gathered DP measurements only at 90" C for papers
2, 5, and 6. While CCI used Cadoxen in the DP procedure, LOC followed Tappi test method T230 0s- 76 using
CED. Based on the volume of data in the final report and the range of conditions studied, it appears this study
should use the CCI Cadoxen method in order to make the most useful comparisons with the earlier data. For future
work, it may be useful to determine DP by using size exclusion chromatography ( SEC), which is now used by a
number of researchers in the conservation field. ( NARA does not currently have the equipment for this technique.)
The SEC data will be different from the viscometric determinations of DP. Therefore, the SEC data would be most
useful if we could obtain data from samples of the study papers that have been kept in cold storage throughout the
program. LOC was storing these samples, but it is not clear if they still have them.
The Final Report from the ASTM program contains a great deal of data about extracts from the papers that were
analyzed for organic acids and phenolic lignin breakdown using capillary electrophoresis ( CE) and carbohydrates
using ion chromatography ( IC). These data were obtained from extracts of ASTM papers 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8 as well
as from six naturally aged papers ( see attachment for details of the analysis method as well as the data). As can
be seen from the table above, this type of analysis is not currently being done as part of the long- term study. The
CE and IC analysis was a critical component in developing the new ASTM accelerated aging method using sealed
tubes. It would be very helpful to have data from the naturally aged papers to compare with the earlier work.
organic carbohydrates phenolic lignin
acids breakdown products
ASTM Study
Final Report
PA Study 1 ASTM
naturally aged
Glatfelter Research Laboratories has an IC system but not CE. NARA has just acquired both CE and IC systems,
although the IC is not yet operational. A CE method for the determination of carbohydrates ( done by IC in the
ASTM study) will be investigated as well as a method for the determination of organic acids. This method will be
based upon the one that LOC used to measure the extracts of paper in the ASTM work. The paper extracts can
also be subjected to two 1C methods for the analysis of organic acids ( done by EC in the ASTM study) and
carbohydrates. An IC pulsed amperometric detection method based upon Dionex Technical Note 21 and
Application Note 92 can be used to detect carbohydrate degradation products. The concentration of the sodium
hydroxide eluent can be adjusted for optimum separation and analysis time. The ASTM study used a similar
method but the eluent was the more complicated gradient mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium acetate. The
organic acids can be studied by IC by choosing one of three Dionex application methods. Two methods use
conductivity detection ( Application Note 21: Organic Acids in Wine and IonPac ICE- AS1 manual page 23). The
other method ( IonPac ICE- AS1 Manual page 21) uses UV detection.
Finally, through past experience, SEM photographs of the paper surface have proven extremely useful in illustrating
the reasons for trends that are found in the analysis of the physical and chemical paper testing. The technique has
been used in environmental ( or low pressure) mode to study the surface of uncoated papers. For the proposed
studies, SEM photographs, at both high and low magnification, of the surface of the paper at two places - one near
the edge of the paper and one towards the center of the paper - would be useful additions to the testing data under
consideration. High magnification images may provide information on fiber structure changes, while low
magnification images may give a depiction of the overall changes in the paper surface. An energy dispersive
spectrum ( EDS) at both image sites of the test paper could show if there are changes in the chemical composition
of non- cellulosic additives and degradation products.
IMLS 2006 Research and Development Grant Update I CJR Page 10
ABSTRACT
This document describes how to collect air samples for subsequent analysis by solid-phase
micro- extraction ( SPME). In this study, the SPME process will be used to evaluate
a variety of gases present in the air which may be produced by degrading collections
and/ or other gaseous pollutants that may be introduced through external sources. By
identifying the individual gases and the quantity of those gases which constitute the
air/ environment within which collections are housed, valuable data can be assembled
and evaluated for any detrimental influences these gases may be contributing to the
deterioration of collections. in addition, to the important assessment of any gaseous
pollutants, an overall evaluation of the study's methodology should give a very clear
picture as to the affordability and ease of use with which this process can be performed.
This is of particular interest as affordability and ease of use, regardless of accuracy, can
often determine usefulness of a process that is performed in the field.
NOTE: It is assumed for purposes of this document that the party performing the
sampling will be located within the area to be sampled and will have the package
containing the necessary testing equipment to do that sampling.
CONCEPT
Air will be collected in glass sampling bulbs from SUPELCO ( figure 1) by creating a
negative pressure within the bulb utilizing the air pump provided, and attached to the
sampling bulb with a piece of rubber tubing. It is the air collected within the sampling
bulb which will then be analyzed at a later time in the laboratory by qualified
technicians. The interior surfaces of the bulbs have been treated by SUPELCO's
proprietary deactivation process to reduce adsorption of gases on the glass. For the
current sampling protocol method a 250 mL bulb will be used. Larger size sampling
bulbs are available and would be acceptable. However, they offer no additional
advantages to the study, but because of size, increase the potential of breakage so will
not be used in this study.
FIGURE 1 - AIR SAMPLING SETUP
Page 2 of 6
The air sampling setup developed for this study is fairly simple and straight forward, consisting three ( 3)
major components: an air pump, piece of rubber tubing, and glass sampling bulb. Operation consists of
opening and closing stopcocks and turning the air pump on and off in the appropriate sequences.
OVERVIEW
Carefully remove the air pump, tubing and glass sampling bulb from its packaging being
careful to save the wrapping for re- packaging. Once un- packed, note whether the
stopcocks on both ends of the glass sampling bulb are in the closed position,
( perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sampling bulb, refer to figure- 1). If the
stopcocks are in the open position do not use the bulb as it may be contaminated, use
another sampling bulb that is not open ( stopcock in closed position, refer to figure- 2).
After the sampling procedure is completed, the sampling equipment will be rewrapped
and return with the gas samples and returned to the originating laboratory for
processing.
TEST EQUIPMENT SETUP PROCEDURE
NOTE: Prior to assembling the testing equipment and starting the air sampling process
fill out the Gas Sampling Form ( Figure- 3) with all required information regarding the site
and gas sampling bulb. A 120 v outlet will need to be identified in the immediate area
being sampled, if no outlet is readily available an extension cord of appropriate length
will need to be used or another location will need to be identified, closer to an electrical
outlet. This is very important as the pump usedfor the air sampling requires a120v
outlet in order to function.
Once the different components of the air- sampling set- up are unwrapped and inspected
for damage, assemble the different pieces in the following manner: Attach the tube to
the left opening of the bulb as shown in figure- 1 ( with the SUPELCO label reading left to
right). There may be Teflon tape attached to the right end. The tape is used in some
cleaning procedures and can be removed if necessary. Make sure that the tape is not
blocking the opening on the right.
Place the gas sampling setup in the location where the air sample( s) will be collected.
Do not set the bulb directly on the floor or near other areas where dust and particulates
might be pulled into the bulb. A good location for sampling in a room is near a return
grill for the HVAC system, barring that, taking an air sample three to four feet above the
floor would be acceptable.
After the sampling location has been established and the sampling equipment setup
properly assembled, the sampling process can be initiated.
AIR SAMPLING PROCESS
Open BOTH stopcocks ( figure- 1), at the same time, by rotating the green handles of the
stopcocks to the position as shown in figure- 1. Air will now be able to enter the
sampling bulb.
Page 3 of 6
Press the on/ off button to start the pump. The button is under the plastic cover near
where the tube attaches to the top of the pump, refer to figure- 1. At this point the
pump should be drawing air through the sampling bulb through the stopcock opposite
the end the rubber tubing from the air pump is attached.
2006 IMLS Leadership Grant - Research & Development
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FIGURE 2 - SAMPLING FORM
This is an example of the SPME Gas Sampling Form filled out and ready for shipping.
Let the pump run for approximately five minutes, this will flush out the collection bulb,
assuring a better quality sample. If the pump stops working, make sure the stopcocks
are open, then check for kinks in the tubing or some other type of blockage. During the
sample collection process move away from the setup, to avoid contaminating the
sample, the least amount of disturbance around the sampling area the better. Unless
otherwise instructed an eight ( 8) minute exposure time will be used. If the exposure
time has been changed it must be noted on the Gas Sampling Form, Figure- 2. Exposure
times longer than ten ( 10) minutes do not cause any harm, but do not necessarily give
better results. To get a good representative sample, it is most important that the
environment being sampled is as stable as possible. If during the eight ( 8) minute
sampling period doors are opened to the area or if any other unexpected activity occurs,
continue collecting the sample for an additional eight ( 8) minutes. This will insure a
Page 4 of 6
better quality sample which represents " typical" conditions. Any and all activities which
create and unexpected disturbance must be documented on the Gas Sampling Form,
Figure- 2, properly identifying what those disturbances were and when in the process.
When the sampling cycle is completed, it is important to close BOTH stopcocks at the
same time by turning the green handles to the perpendicular position in relation to the
longitudinal axis of the collection bulb as shown in Figure- 3.
FIGURE 3 - SUPELCO BULB
SUPELCO Gas Sampling Bulb shown with stopcock valves closed
When the stopcocks are closed the air pump will grow louder. The pump will not be
damaged, and eventually it will automatically stop. It is more important to make sure
that the stopcocks are properly closed than to be concerned about the pump. Close the
stopcock adjacent to the tubing first and then the opposite stopcock as quickly as
possible. Do not close the stopcock on the inlet valve first as the pump will extract a
portion or the entire air sample before the stopcock at the tubing end is closed. After
the stopcocks are properly close then press the on/ off button to stop the pump.
A pond completion of the gas sampling process disassemble the air- sampling- setup,
being careful not to jar either of the two ( 2) stopcocks, which could possibly lead to one
or both of the stopcocks being jarred open and thus wasting the sample which was
collected.
SHIPPING
With the completion of disassembling the air- sampling- setup, carefully pack the gas
sampling bulb in its original packaging in preparation for shipping. Make sure that the
stopcocks remain closed and will not accidentally be opened during shipment. Once the
gas sampling bulb is properly packaged and sealed, complete the Gas Sampling Form
( Figure- 2), notating where the sample was taken, date, time, and any other pertinent
details or remarks.
Place the Gas Sampling From in the shipping package with the gas sampling bulb and
any other equipment that is required to be shipped, seal the package and attached the
pre- printed label and overnight the package per United Particle Service " UPS" to the
Page 5 of 6
The Pennslyvania Study
SPME AIR SAMPLING
#
Person
Sampling
3rd
Sampling
4th
Date SarnplIng
Stnd # of
Samples per
GROUP LOCATION NAME Quarter Date
Start
TYPE Date
5th
Sampllng
1st
Sampling Date Date
6th
Sampling
2nd
Sampling Date Date
7th
Sampling
Total
Number of
Samples
Based on schedules at the labs these dates are subject to change.
RARE COLLECTIONS LIBRARY - Lighting Controls for Exhibit Corridor and Reading Room.
DO- 4
Exhibit Hall
Ceiling Coves
Ceiling Lights
LEDs
SW- 4
00- 8
Readina Room
Librarian Desk Area
Ceiling Lights
Fiber Optics
SW- 8
DO- 5
Readina Room
RR Entrance Ceiling
& Viirine Lights
Fiber Optics
SW- 5
DO- 3
Exhibit Hall
Display Cases
& Ceiling Lights
Fiber Optics
sw- 3
DO- 1
Exhibit Hall
RCL Main Entrance
Ceiling Lights
Fiber Optics
SW- 1
COMMENTS
I
DO- 2
Exhibit Hall
Display Cases
Art Glass Lights
LEDs
SW- 2
DO- 9
Readina Room
Owls & Triptic
Paremeter of Room
Fiber Optics
SW- 9
DO- 6
Readina Room
West of RR Entrance
Ceiling Lights
Fiber Optics
SW- 6
DO- 1 6
Readina Room
Research Desk Area
Upper Ceiling Cove
LEDs
SW- I6 -
00- 1 3
Readina Room
Outer- ring of Dome
& Vitrine display
Fiber Optics
SW- 13
DO- 1 1
Readina Room
Research Desk Area
Center of Dome
Fiber Optics
sw- 11
DO- 1 0
Readina Room
Librarian Desk Area
Under Wall- Cabs
LEDs
sw- 10
DO- 7
Readina Room
East of RR Entrance
Ceiling Lights
Fiber Optics
SW- 7
DO- 1 2
Readina Room
South Wall
Stain Glass Work
LEDs
SW- 12
DO- 14
Readina Room
Outer- ring of Dome
Research Desk Area
Fiber Optics
SW- 14
DO- 1 5
Readina Room
Research Desk Area
Lower Ceiling cove
LEDs
SW- 15
INSTITUTE OF MUSEUM & LIBRARY SERVICES
2006 RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT GRANT
IN COLLABORATION WITH
PAL1 N ET
PENNSYLVANIA OFFICE OF COMMONWEALTH LIBRARIES
SEPTEMBER 15- 18,2009
THE PENNSYLVANIA STUDY
Pennsylvania's
Rare Collections Library
" Environmental Integration"
Svmposium Organizers
IMLS 2006 Grant Technical Director
Pennsylvania Commissioner of Libraries
lMLS 2006 Grant Administrative Director
Svmposium Sponsors
Institute of Museum & Library Services
Lt. Governor Catherine Baker Knoll, 2002- 2008 posthumous-?
Office of Commonwealth Libraries-?
Rare Books Committee-?
Pennsylvania General Assembly-?
PALlN ET-?
2006 IMLS Symposium RCL- 2 2/ 17/ 2009 10: 26 PM
TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 15,2009
( Pre- Symposium Activities)
3: 00 P. M. Hotel Check- in Hilton? Crown Plaza
3: 30 P. M. Registration in Lobby of Hotel Hotel
( Office of Commonwealth Libraries Staff)
RCL- TR. l 3: 45 - 4: 30 Rare Collections Library Tours ( 2) RCL, Forum Building
( Possible, not fixed, 16 people max)
5: 30 - 6: 15 Welcoming Reception Hotel?
( Desk manned by OCL staff & floaterlgreeter, Tom C.)
Cash Bar ( finger foods/ snacks)
Vendor Exhibit Spaces ( ex. Second floor of Hilton?) 4- 6 vendors
6: 15 - 6: 25 Welcome - Cathy Wilt ( lo - 15 minutes)
6: 30 - 8: 30 Pre- conference Dinner Hosted by the GAC Hotel?
DINNER AGENDA
Welcome/ Introduction Kathryn Stephanoff, Acting Chair, GAC ( 5 min)
Speaker 1 - Dr. Larry Nesbit, RBC Historical Account ( 10 min)
Speaker 2 - M. Clare Zales - PA State Librarian, Collection ( 15 min) PP
u Dinner - 1 hour
= Introduction of Speaker - Kathryn Stephanoff
m Main Speaker - ? ( 25 min)
Grant Technical Director - Symposium Agenda/ Close ( 10 min)
Persons Attending Dinner:
GAC
OCL
PHMC -
ADV Panel
Research T
Research P
G LT
Speakers
Invited Guests - 1
65
- 353 C onference attendees
100 +/-
2006 IMLS Svmposium RCL- 2 2/ 17/ 2009 10: 26 PM
- Code
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 17,2009
Constitution Day
( Auxiliary Activities)
Time Activity Location
7: 30 - 8: 30 Danish & Coffee? Auditorium Foyer
RCL- TR. 7 8: 30 - 9: 15 Rare Collections Library Tour RCL, Forum Building
RCL- TR. 8 9: 30 - 10: 15 Rare Collections Library Tour RCL, ' Forum Building
MC- TR. 3 9: 30 - 11: OO Main Capitol Tour Main Capitol Building
RCL- TR. 9 10: 30 - 11: 45 Rare Collections Library Tour RCL, Forum Building
11: OO - 12: 30 Vendor's Booths/ Displays
12: 15 - 1: 30 Lunch
12: 30 - 2: 00 Vendor's Booths/ Displays
RCL- TR. 10 1: 45 - 2: 30 Rare Collections Library Tour
RCL- TR. ll 2: 45 - 3: 30 Rare Collections Library Tour
MC- TR. 4 2: 30 - 4: 00 Main Capitol Tour
RCL- TR. 12 3: 45 - 4: 30 Rare Collections Library Tour
AlTENDEES ON THEIR OWN FOR DINNER
5~ 15- 6: 45 DINNER
lnvitation Only
7: 15 - 8: 30 FEATURED SPEAKER
Open to the Public by lnvitation
8: 30- 9: 30 Dessert Reception & Book Signing
lnvitation Only
East Wing Rotunda
Main Capitol, East Wing
East Wing Rotunda
RCL, Forum Building
RCL, Forum Building
Main Capitol Building
RCL, Forum Building
Green Room, Forum
Forum Auditorium
Capitol Rotunda
Note: Tours of the Rare Collections Library are limited to only eight ( 8) persons at a time.
2006 IMLS Svmposium RCL- 2 2/ 17/ 2009 10: 26 PM
Friday, September 19,2009
( Work Sessions)
- Code - Time Activity
8: 00 - 8: 30 Continental Breakfast
RCL- 111.1 8: 30 - 9: 00 Opening Comments, Session - ( 7)
30 minutes
Location
Forum Auditorium
RCL, Forum Building
Forum Auditorium
Forum Auditorium
RCL- TR. 13 9: 00 - 9: 45 Rare Collections Library Tours ( 2)
( Possible, not fixed, 16 people max)
RCL- 111.2 9: 00 - 9: 45 Panel Discussions
45 minutes
RCL- 111.3 9: 45 - 10: 15 Question & Answers
30 minutes
10: 15- 10: 30 Break
15 minutes
RCL- TR. 14 10: 00- 10: 45 Rare Collections Library Tours ( 2) RCL, Forum Building
( Possible, not fixed, 16 people max)
RCL- 111.4 10: 30- 11: 30 Future Research, PA Study Forum Auditorium
30 minutes
RCL- 111.5 11: 30- 12: OO Closing Comments, Session - ( 8) Forum Auditorium
30 minutes
12: OO PM ADJOURNMENT: GOOD BYE
2006 IMLS Symposium RCL- 2 2/ 17/ 2009 10: 26 PM
ployee Spotlight
DGS EMPLOYEE PROVIDES
PRICELESS DEDICATION
NEAL RUSNOV'S WORK HELPS PRESERVE RARE COLLECTION
A stone's throw from the state Capitol Building - rest some ofthe most important books, newspapers
and documents in America's history - the
Pennsylvania Assembly Collection, also known I
as the rare book collection. In 1745, Ben Franklin
began purchasing this collection of 425 volumes
of works on a broad scope of topics. Included is
the work of John Locke, whose writing inspired
the words " life, liberty and pursuit of happiness"
in the Declaration of Independence, and six
volumes of the Statutes at Large, the laws from
the Magna Carta.
Since Colonial times, the collection was moved 1 many times to save it from the Revolutionary Leji to right. Neal RGnov, Lieu, enan GovernorCatherinaak&- KriIiand
and wars, fire, and theft- the the State Librarian. Deputy Secretary Mary Zales holding the Provincial
collection survived the ravages of time, but at a Pennsylvania Assembly Bible purchased in 1735, which is part of the
price of illegible words, crumbling pages and the Assembly Collection.
pace of decay continuing at an ever- accelerating
rate.
Today, with help from Department of General Services employee Cornelius Rusnov, the collection rests safely in a
climate- controlled vault at the State Library in Harrisburg's Forum Building.
Trained as an architect, Cornelius " Neal" Rusnov went beyond his formal training to create an environment that
would arrest the ongoing degeneration of this rare collection. He reached out to the scientific community to improve
his knowledge of systems vital to the preservation of paper- based materials for future generations. He made the
most of limited funding, and arrived at solutions that used existing and affordable technologies in new combinations.
The results of his work have earned national and international respect and support.
Now the facility includes a vault, newspaper repository, work room, reading room and entrance exhibit hall.
Pennsylvania's priceless treasures reside in self contained environments that control temperature, relative humidity,
air purification and a host of other factors. Neal's dedicated work has made a difference - the difference between a
silent piece of parchment and a living voice of history that will continue to speak to us for decades to come.
+ S t a t e E m p l o y e e s a r e P e n n s y l v a n i a ' s C o m m o n W e a l t h + PAGE 8 +
Pennsylvania's Rare Collections Library
Design Overview ( Non- Technical)
Cornelius J. Rusnov, Design Architect
From Gray Areas to Green Areas: Developing Sustainable Practices in Preservation Environments, 2007,
Symposium Proceedings. ( c) 2008 by The Kilgarlin Center for Preservation of the Cultural Record, School of
Information, The University of Texas at Austin.
Published online: September 2008, ht~:// www. ischool. utexas. edu/ kilparlin/ s. htn~ l
The Client
The State Library of Pennsylvania owns a nationally significant, unique and invaluable rare
books collection. These holdings include the volumes purchased by Benjamin Franklin in 1745
for use by the first legislative body of Pennsylvania. Among them are the works of John Locke,
whose influence permeates the Declaration of Independence, inspiring the immortal phrase,
" Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness." Additional holdings include Franklin's
Pennsylvania Gazette and important Pennsylvania imprints and publications recording and
describing Pennsylvania's role in the Underground Railroad, the Civil War, the Industrial
Revolution and many other pivotal moments in our nation's history and heritage. This historic
collection is comprised of books, manuscripts, pamphlets, maps and newspapers. One of the
greatest challenges any library with an historic collection can undertake is promoting the use of
such materials while safeguarding them for future use. In Pennsylvania's case, the library also
needed a healthier environment for staff and patrons who would be working with the rare
collections. To accomplish this, the State Library initiated a proactive preventative conservation
initiative to ensure the collection's survival, as well as to enhance the collection's usefulness and
access by patrons. The result of this initiative was the building of the new Rare Collections
Library within the State Library's existing historic facility.
Design Concept
All possible components essential for creating a preservation- based environment that is both
affordable and protective of paper- based collections were included in this project. Specific
concerns that were addressed include: temperature, humidity, security, fire detection, fire
suppression, lighting, housing materials, environmental controls, and energy consumption.
The major culprit in the deterioration of this invaluable collection has been the lack of
environmental control. The damage sustained over the past 250 years due to drastic climate
fluctuations remains an on- going concern and problem. Every possible consideration has been
given to eliminating damaging environmental effects in the housing of the collection in both the
storages areas and public spaces where the collections will be viewed and used.
The Rare Collections Library is designed to preserve the individual items and the'collections as a
whole, extending their useable life until future technologies can offer additional solutions. The
design concept is supported by current research that paper- based collections survive longer when
kept in low to zero light, flee of biological, particulate and gaseous pollutants, at controlled,
constant temperatures and relative humidity, with minimal influences from support spaces.
The financial ability to maintain the required design standards for the long- term protection of the
collection is an ever- pressing demand and was given considerable attention during the design
phase, because proper and consistent maintenance is critical. High maintenance costs andor
exotic equipment were not an option. Special consideration was incorporated into the design of
the many different systems so that, in the future, when any one of the systems is decommissioned
andlor in need of replacement, such action can be taken without disruption of the collection or
degradation of the environment that particular system serves.
Design Standards
The preservation standards for this project are based on the holistic approach that an integrated
whole has a reality independent of and greater than the sum of the individual parts of the
environment. This allows for a more sensitive, efficient, and therefore more cost effective,
approach to preventative conservation. Integrating this concept into the initial stages of design
allows the building truly to act as the collections' first and last line of defense against both the
agents of rapid degradation and the ever- pressing natural deterioration of such materials. Today,
technology has improved to the point that specialized environments can be designed for the
preservation of unique and rare collections as well as of general use, paper- based collections.
All of the different factors, including chemical, pollutant- induced, light- induced, biological,
physical, temperature, humidity, etc., which constitute the environment can be influenced in a
positive manner like never before. The design and the creation of such environments can be
done in an affordable, long- term, cost- conscious manner, which will ensure the useful longevity
of collections for future generations. Each area within the Rare Collections Library has specific
design standards based on the collection it houses ( newspapers as opposed to books, for
example) and the specific function of the spaces. It is important to this concept that each
individual space support the adjoining space to help maintain the optimal environment and
minimize the influences of environmental factors outside the Rare Collections Library.
Physical Context
An important design consideration was the actual space allocated for the new Rare Collections
Library. Early in the design process, it was decided that maintaining the facility within the
existing, obsolete, historic library building would be more advantageous to the collection's
survival by helping to keep the collection intact as a whole, accessible and protected. This
approach would create less physical stress to the collection than the numerous moves which
would be required otherwise.
It was decided to maintain the State Library of Pennsylvania's Rare Collections Library within
the Forum Building, a Neo- Classical, Art Deco building constructed between 1929 and 193 1.
This obsolete, historic building ( which once housed the Department of Education) is located in
the Harrisburg Capitol Complex. A strong application for placing the Capitol Complex on the
National Register of Historic Places has been submitted, as the main Capitol Building was
designated a historic landmark in November 2007. The Forum Building consists of a steel
structure encased in concrete, finished in plaster, marble, andor wood paneling on the interior,
and clad in limestone and granite on the exterior. Original, vertical separation partitions of the
building consist of either brick or clay tile encased in many different finishes. The structure was
primarily designed and built utilizing cross ventilation principles, leaving the building with a
negative pressure and a sizable outside- air infiltration. All of the building's mechanical systems
are either outdated, obsolete or in a state of failure. The Forum Building does not have a central
HVAC system. The current heating system is over 75 years old, and hazardous materials
( asbestos, lead, PCB, etc.) were used extensively, a common practice in construction during this
time period.
Since the 1970s, the most at- risk materials ( as understood at the time) in the State Library's
collection were located in a second- floor office space with a halon fire suppression system
( previously the only fire suppression system in the building). A security system linked to the
Capitol Police and window air conditioners running in coordination with portable dehumidifiers
were the only protection from environmental influences. As the design for the new facility was
being developed for construction on the ground and lower- level floors, the rare book collection
remained in its previous environment, but was cleaned, inventoried and made ready for the move
to new storagelhousing areas. The newspaper collection had been housed in ground- floor
shelving areas and was inventoried, wrapped, identified and made ready for the move to the new
newspaper repository constructed on the lower level. Concurrently, the Pennsylvania Newspaper
Project, funded by an IMLS grant, was moving into its final phase. The State Library, in
partnership with Pennsylvania State University libraries, collected historic runs of Pennsylvania
newspapers and brought them to the State Library for preservation. The housing capacity of the
new newspaper repository was increased considerably to accommodate this major addition to the
collection.
Currently, library staff members reach stack areas using antique elevators that are original to the
building, retrieve books with equally aged book elevators and push loaded carts through tight
materials storage quarters served by ineffective lighting. Dehumidifiers are located throughout
the stacks in a futile attempt to control relative humidity, especially during the hot and humid
Harrisburg summers. There is no humidification control during winter months, when the relative
humidity can drop to 3%. The library's staff work constantly to compensate for the building's
inefficiencies and poor environment, not unlike many such facilities with similar collections in
older buildings. However, no matter how hard the staff work to facilitate these issues, it is and
always will be a losing battle until a proper facility is provided.
Library Context
The library has stewardship of over four million items. The Main Library is located in the
opposite wing of the Forum Building to the location of the Rare Collections Library and houses
extraordinary research materials - both paper and electronic. The Library has moved forward
with public access internet computers; on- line databases; off- site access to data bases, which has
proven especially useful for all government agencies; and digitization of historic materials now
available on its website. Unfortunately, these advancements have been at the expense of care for
the many historic artifacts housed within the Library which have been left to their certain demise
until the creation. of the new Rare Collections Library. Because the State Library of
Pennsylvania is identified by statute as a Statewide Library Resource Center, the Interlibrary
Loan staff processes large amounts of microfilm and paper copies of materials for Pennsylvania
public libraries, state hospitals, correctional institutions, and academic libraries and provides
materials to fill requests from libraries nationwide. The information delivery systems work quite
efficiently in spite of the building's obsolete systems.
The Main Library contains an outstanding genealogy collection that is particularly notable for
Pennsylvania families, and is a worldwide resource. Genealogists often plan vacations to
Harrisburg that include days for research at the State Library. The newspaper collection is
especially useful for obituaries and news stories that support or debunk tales that have been
passed down through generations. Many of these materials have become fragile from age and
use and need protective environments and appropriate housing.
Within the State Library holdings is a unique collection of printed materials from the time of the
American Civil War through Reconstruction, the opening of the West, the Age of
Industrialization and the Robber Barons, American Imperialism and World War I. This
collection includes volumes printed on wood pulp paper that is deteriorating faster then the older,
rag paper collections. These items are being pulled from the regular collection, evaluated, and
provided with better environmental protection to increase their useful life span.
The Law Library within the State Library of Pennsylvania ( once deemed the premier Law
Library in our nation) has served the legislature and the residents of the Commonwealth for three
generations. The Law Library is the main depository for state and federal documents and
includes holdings that trace legal decisions from Pennsylvania's colonial period to present day.
The Law Library holdings are adjacent to the recently constructed Newspaper Repository, the
Reading Room and with holdings above the new Rare Books Vault and Reading Room.
Preservation's Role in Expanding Access
It is understood that historic, paper- based collections need to be housed in special environments
in order to slow their natural degradation. Equally important to environmental control is the
controlled and limited access of the collection so that the usable life of the collection can be
extended for the longest possible time, thus allowing future generations access to these
documents for research and interpretation.
After the collection environments are stabilized and verified as benign, and the collections are
properly placed within the new environment, it becomes the responsibility of the Rare
Collections Library staff to protect the collections from the many forms of mechanical damage
which are introduced through the improper handing of such documents/ artifacts.
The optimum location for the collection's long- term survival is in individually designed
housinglstorage areas based on the collection needs. These storage areas are designed
specifically for the collection's preservation and not for the comfort of the staff or patrons,
whereas the public spaces and reading room are designed for patron comfort rather than the
preservation of the collections. This philosophy is evident in the minimal amount of display
shelvinglcases included in the public areas and the Reading Room. Display cases allow for
rotation of displays of unique and rare items under very controlled conditions, but not for
extended display or storage. Cataloging of all historic documents is completed and verified
before moving them into the vault or repository, thus reducing the need for any unnecessary
intrusions into the " place of the book," helping to maintain the special environmental conditions
necessary for the long- term preservation of the collections. Use and handling by the stewards of
the collection become all the more important for the long- term stability of the collection.
With the inevitable improvements in conservation techniques and emerging technologies, costs
for such work will decrease, which will allow more items to be conserved. Funding for such
work is always lacking; however, by preserving the collections as a whole, it is expected that
when funding does become available, the collections will be in the best possible condition for
their conservation. Hopefully, future technology and subsequent cost reductions will open
access to materials which are currently too frail to handle.
As digitization techniques improve to a point where they cause no damage to the most vulnerable
materials, more and more resources will be available in digital format through the State Library's
website. As financial resources allow, additional materials will be purchased to complete runs of
materials or to expand areas of interest. In addition, the State Library will extend the offer to
other libraries, historical societies, genealogists and private collectors unable to properly protect
their materials to place their collections on permanent loan or to donate them with the confidence
the materials will be safe and preserved for generations to come.
Cautions
The human factor - that is, handling and use policies, as well as administration and facilities
management - will need to be completely rethought and revised.
Many staff members were unaware of the history of some of the rare collection holdings within
the State Library. It is a remarkable story of survival that many of the rare items, including the
Pennsylvania Assembly Collection, were once part of the circulating collections in the Main
Reading Room of the State Library, able to be checked out by any card holder. Staff will need to
be educated about the significance of large portions of the general collection newly identified as
rare and valuable, about proper handling, storage and in particular in the use of the most rare
collections. For example, procedures are needed for moving materials from one environment to
another which allow time for the items to adjust to the change in environment. Staff must also
be trained in the correct maintenance of the different environments created for the preservation
of the different components of the library. This responsibility will also include a much greater
degree of dialog with security, lifelsafety personnel, and maintenance staff. Without their
appreciation for the collections and direct contributions, these environmental systems will fail.
Funding Constraints
The Office of Commonwealth Libraries must work within the annual state appropriation received
through the Department of Education. This appropriation supports all aspects of the State
Library of Pennsylvania's personnel, operations, collections and maintenance. The Library does
not have a foundation or a Friends organization, nor can it accrue finding from year to year. It
" lives" within an annual appropriation of approximately $ 3.7 million.
Although specific projects may be included in the Commonwealth's Capital Budget by the
legislature, as with most states, these funds are only released by the Governor after consideration
of many, often competing, priorities. With the inevitable changes in governors, state librarians
and state library directors, it becomes critical to institutionalize the priority of preservation and to
work to assure adequate funding of the advancements made within the new Rare Collections
Library, or these advancements will quickly deteriorate and the collection will again be placed at
risk.
Grant and Contribution Funding
In the attempt to secure funding for additional preservation work, the need to seek outside
resources and funding became evident. Prior to designing the new Rare Collections Library, the
State Library was repeatedly unsuccessful in gaining conservation grant funding because the
environment of the collections was itself considered destructive to the collections. After
designing the new Rare Collections Library, the State Library was awarded a number of
important grants for the protection of its collections. The most significant is a $ 250,000 Save
America's Treasures matching grant. These funds are being used to conserve approximately half
of the 422 volumes of the Pennsylvania Assembly Collection, the collection that began in 1745
by then- Clerk of the Assembly, Benjamin Franklin.
Outcome & Risk
Most libraries in Pennsylvania were built before the 1950s. This is the case with most of the
Commonwealth's museums and archives, and is also a common situation in many other states.
Therefore, this project has added relevance as it demonstrates how to successfully preserve
historic documents within an obsolete, historic building with all the problems inherent in this
type of construction project in an aging building. Thanks to Pennsylvania's rich colonial
history, many local and county historical societies have valuable local collections.
Unfortunately, in the majority of cases, these collections are at great risk. By presenting a model
preservation project, whose design process is open for discussion, local facilities can enter into
discussions as to how their facilities can make use of this information and maximize their
preservation dollars.
Hidden Costs
Any technologically based system is doomed to fail if a maintenance program is not initiated and
strictly adhered to. Therefore, maintenance and energy costs must be kept to a minimal level if
any project is to be successful. As energy costs are expected to continue to increase, the use of
any energy must be fully evaluated and refined for optimum performance at minimal cost.
Energy conservation is an important component of preservation. Energy use that negatively
impacts the outside environment eventually hampers preservation efforts as it makes it more
difficult - meaning more costly - to condition the incoming air to achieve a desirable air quality
within the library environment. The impact of poor outdoor air quality is compounded as the
facility ages and consumes more and more energy as systems begin to decline.
Staff at all levels must receive proper initial training and be kept current on the systems ability to
function as designed. Without attentive, vigilant staff, ( library staff, administration, maintenance
staff, etc) the many systems put into place for the collection's survival will fail through
ignorance. As mechanical equipment starts to fail and its useful life expires, it must be replaced.
From the project onset, funds must be appropriated to meet the eventual retirement and
replacement of the many mechanical systems/ equipment as newer and more efficient systems
become available and changes in the ever ongoing maintenance programs are instituted.
In Summary
The Forum Building which houses the State Library of Pennsylvania's Rare Collections Library
has served the Commonwealth well, but the building mechanical systems of the 1930s cannot be
expected to meet effectively the needs of 2 1" century library service, particularly when the
library holds rare materials of inestimable worth. The new Rare Collections Library has been
successful in creating the best possible environment for the preservation of paper- based
collections. A beneficial and unplanned project outcome is that this project can now be looked
to as a model for the greater library, museum and archives communities who share the concern
and need for solidly researched preservation methods and techniques. An important design goal
was that no component of the integrated system was to be customized for this project. All
components are " off the shelf' to make the application of the design more widely replicable.
Preservation success is short- lived without proper maintenance of systems, continuing education
for all levels of staff, and the recognition that building a " rare books room" is not a one- time
expenditure. Realistic maintenance and energy costs must be factored into the general operating
budget. Energy costs must be controlled and held in check. In doing so, the preservation- based
environment need not suffer any decrease in its efficiency; rather, an increase in efficiency must
be adhered to. This project makes use of the latest technology available to date. As research in
the aging of paper advances, so will the technology to implement those findings. It is realistic to
expect that these newer technologies will bring economic efficiencies. It is important to stay
current and to share our successes and frustrations; then, as a community, we can advance the
collective information about preservation, and together assure that our valuable histories remain
intact and accessible to inform, educate and inspire generations to come.
Neal Rusnov
From:
Sent:
To:
Subject:
Importance:
Neal,
Metcalf, Jeanne M ~ metcalf@ state. pa. us]
Monday, April 27,2009 6: 00 PM
c4ms@ verizon. net
FW: Smithsonian Institution RN: PA State Library - NOVEClCompact Shelving in Rare Books
vault
High
I think you are looking for this.
Jeanne
----- Original Message-----
From: Neal Rusnov [ mailto: c4rns@ verizon. net]
Sent: Tuesday, April 07,2009 7: 02 AM
To: Metcalf, Jeanne M
Subject: Smithsonian Institution FW: PA State Library - NOVEC/ Compact Shelving in Rare Books vault
Importance: High
- . - - ... .- - - - .
~. - - ~ ,, - - . - -. -- --
From: Wright, Mark [ mailto: WrightMK@ si. edu]
Sent: Friday, March 20, 2009 11: 08 AM
To: c4rns@ verizon. net
Subject: FW: PA State Library - NOVEC/ Compact Shelving In Rare Books vault
Thanks for your help, Neil. Much appreciated!
---- -----
Mark Wright
Fire Protection Engineer, P. E.
Ofice of Safety, Health & Environmental Management
Smithsonian Institution
202.633.2627
From: Wright, Mark
Sent: Friday, March 20,2009 10: 31 AM
To: ' C4rns@ comcast. net!
Subject. PA State Library - NOVEC/ Compact Shelving in Rare Books vault
Mr. Rusnov,
I'm a fire protection engineer with the Smithsonian institution. I attended the 2008 NARA Preservation Conference and
listened to your presentation about the PA State Library. We've had a project come up where the users would like to
store rare books with compact storage. I recalled your presentation, and was hoping to ask you a few questions about
your system in the rare book vault, since it seems to be a very similar application to ours. Specifically:
- Was an engineering study or test@) done to figure out the shelving perforation scheme and arrangement for
- eIf cfeocutlidven ' gt aqsu idteis tterilbl ufrtoiomn ? th e presentation pictures, but do the canopies on the shelving units have perforations?
They appear to be solid. - When the compactors are fully closed, what is the size of the flue space between them? - Would you be willing to share design data or drawings with us? It would be most helpful!
1
Any guidance or information you could give us would be greatly appreciated.
Best Regards,
-- Mark
----------------------
Mark Wright
Fire Protection Engineer, P. E.
Office of Safety, Health & Environmental Management
Smithsonian Institution
202.633.2627
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 2
---
The Forum Office Building was surveyed for insurance purposes by HSB Professional Loss Control, at
the request of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
This building has approximately 362,395ft2 of building area. The building is 6 stories with an elevator,
penthouse and basement. The building was built in 1929, has no automatic sprinkler protection and an
incomplete fire alarm system. The building is well maintained and in good condition. Structurally the
facility is poured concrete floors and roof on concrete beams and columns ( IS0 6), except for the two
libraries, which have steel columns and beams supporting the concrete " stack floors. Interest in Loss
Prevention is good.
This is a resurvey of this building.
The new Rare Books Vault and viewing area and the Historical Newspaper Repository are 99%
complete. The areas are one a kind in security, protection and environmental controls for these
irreplaceable books and documents. The value of the contents in these areas can not be estimated by
this representative and it is recommended that experts in the field of historical documents determine a
value so that proper loss estimates can be developed.
One new recommendation is being submitted for IR surveys.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 3
Critical
Cnrlra recommendabons represent mndrr# ons or work praclrces rnat create an rmmedrate and severe loss- produang srtuabon They are mndttrons rhat are senous enough to
affCCl Ihe Iverall fire safely of the fac# Qtv Deficrenc~ eso f Ihrs nalure reourre rmmedale arlentron bv Ihe rnsured mlh erlher full comobance or reasonable mdroaoon of exwsure
prior to the engineerleaviig the premisks, or within a few days depending on the circ~~ stance's .
No recommendations of this type submitted.
Impoflanl-% ndafions repmsenl condifions or work practices that muldresutl in a loss- producing situation, but for whkh immbdiale acfion is no1 necessary. These am
recommendar~ ontso coned unmnlrolled exposures or to achreve and rnalntarn a reasonable kvel of property proteetion. These mmmendations require wmm/ trnenf on the
pan of the insured to change or mcdify conditions or work practices in Order to reduce the potential for serious loss, resullhg from eilher frequency or & verity events. These
remmmendalions may inwlve significant capital expenditurn to compfy
P06- 01- 02 Extend the Fire Alarm System To The Remainder of The Building:
There is neither a complete EWFDS ( Early Warning Fire Detection System)
( Smoke detectors) nor any elevator fire recall system provided for the Forum
Building. Actual discovery of the fire by one of the tenants of the building or a
security guard and physically pulling a manual fire alarm pull station would be
needed before an alarm was raised. The present control system for the
elevators uses a heat sensitive call button in the elevator lobbies. A
substantial delay in the notification of the fire department could allow a fire to
grow much more severe than otherwise anticipated.
A EWFDS should be installed as shown in NFPA 72 with elevator recall
included. Detectors should be installed throughout the building as described
in NFPA 72 and per the Manufacturers' recommendations and the testing
laboratory's approval report.
Comments: Extension of the fire alarm system to the remainder of the building
is not anticipated at this time.
Automatic Sprinkler Protection Throughout The Building
This office building has only 1% of its area covered by automatic sprinkler
protection. The combustible loading is moderate throughout the building and a
spreading fire is possible at any location. Without sprinkler protection a severe
fire is possible.
Automatic sprinkler protection should be provided throughout the building with
the following designs:
1. Light Hazard occupancy areas ( such as hallways, offices with low
combustible loading) should be provided with a design of 0.10 gpmlft 2 over
any including the hydraulically mote remote 1500 fi 2 of floor area using a wet
pipe system of 1 12 inch nominal orifice ( k- factor of 5.6), 165 o F quick
response type sprinklers. The design of the system should anticipate a total
demand of 250 gpm for inside and outside hose streams. All sprinkler piping
should have a UL Corrosion Resistance rating of at least 1 . O.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 4
2. Ordinary Hazard ( Group 2) occupancy areas ( such as library stack rooms)
should be provided with a design of 0.20 gpmlft 2 over any including the
hydraulically most remote 1500 ft 2 of floor area using a wet pipe system of 1 1
2 inch nominal orifice ( k- factor of 8.0), 165 o F standard response type
sprinklers. The design of the system should anticipate a total demand of 250
gpm for inside and outside hose streams. All sprinkler @ ping should have a
UL Corrosion Resistance rating of at least 1 . O.
Note: The Main Reading Room has four tiers of book storage, the Law Library
has two tiers of book storage and the new Stack Room for Rare
BookslPeriodicals has three levels of storage. Sprinkler protection also needs
to be provided under each level of storage and down each aisle with head
spacing not exceeding 12 feet down the aisles.
3. The height of the building would likely require the need for a booster pump
to raise the water pressure to an adequate pressure for the sprinkler systems
for the upper floors. The gpm and pressure rating of the pump would be
determined by the hydraulically designed sprinkler system demand.
Comments: There are no plans to provide additional sprinkler protection for
the building at this time.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 5
Advisory
Adv~ sove cummendat! ons represent condlflons or work prad~ cest hat do not d ~ ~ c fployse a nsk lor severe loss or~ nluryb, ut could wnfnbute to a loss otuafmn These am
recommendal~ onsth at are cunsrdered best praclrces to enhance the level of ~ rooertvo rot& on Ccmol~ ancew rth these recommendat~ onsIm proves the nsk and reduces the
likelihood of a loss occurring from the recognized hazard or situation. ' ' . '
P06- 02- 03 Plan Reviews
Arrange for automatic sprinkler system plans and hydraulic calculations to be
sent to HSB Professional Loss Control's NJ office for review and approval for
Lexington Insurance Company purposes prior to the start of the installation( s):
HSB Professional Loss Control
Two Cross Roads Drive Suite 201 B
Bedminster, NJ 07921
Comments: Would be done for any future projects.
IR Thermographic Survey
Electrical system testing has reportedly not been conducted at this facility
recently. It is important to have electrical surveys conducted periodically in
order to detect any potential electrical equipment breakdown conditions and
potential fire hazards.
A thermographic infrared ( IR) survey should be conducted of all critical
electrical systems and equipment as soon as possible and then at minimum
3- year intervals unless otherwise recommended by the performing contractor.
Deficiencies detected as a result of the survey should be corrected as soon as
possible. A detailed report should be provided and maintained on file for
review.
Infrared thermography services can be gained through Hartford Steam Boiler
Engineering Services at www. hsb. com/ infrared. The primary contact is Mr.
Sandy Sanor @ Ph: 703- 739- 0350 or email: Sandy SanorAhsb. com.
Comments: This will need to be reviewed by the Department of General
Services.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 6
The Main Building is poured reinforced concrete walls, floors and roof. The roof has an EDPM
membrane covering. The building has a lightning ( grounding) protection system.
The electrical rooms are stacked in the building and the shaft is masonry. Fire stopping and
housekeeping are acceptable.
The top level is the mechanical penthouse level. Housekeeping was good. The basement level has
minor storage areas and the emergency generator room. Housekeeping was adequate.
There are no underground tunnels for this building.
The building is inspected every month by the Building Manager using the Facility Monthly Safety
Inspection Form. This form covers such areas as fire safety, housekeeping, personnel safety, electrical
and mechanical hazards, fire extinguishers, hazardous materials, LOT0 equipment, fire alarm panels,
etc.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 8
This Building is occupied by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania as an office building and as the state
law and main reading library. Offices included here include the Department of Public Welfare, State
Environmental Protection Agency, the Department of Property, and the Department of Education.
The two public library areas include the Main Reading Library and the Law Library. The Main Reading
Library encompasses the west wing of the building and has a main floor and three levels above of book
alcoves that ring the main reading floor. The Law Library has a main reading floor and along the east
half of the room is two levels of books in shelves. These floors of these book areas are true concrete
floors.
( 2009) The Commonwealth is putting the final touches on a project to protect rare books and historical
periodicals ( newspapers). The project involves areas in the basement of the building to protect historical
documents and books important to the United States and the State of Pennsylvania. 99+% of the books
are one of a kind and were ( for example) owned by Thomas Jefferson or used as source materials to
write the US Constitution and Declaration of Independence.
The areas below are only accessed by ID badges. The rooms are constructed with contamination from
dust, moisture, smoke, etc. as the primary concerns. There are no water lines anywhere near the
books. The space was stripped to bare concrete and the room baked for several months to remove any
residue in the concrete. The rooms have their own HEPA type air filter system and moisture and
temperature control systems that are sensitive enough to determine if people are in the rooms.
There are three main rooms in the Rare Book area, The first is the room for scholars to view the books.
There is a second smaller room to prepare books for the viewing room. The third room is the book vault
that is 3200 sqft and is protected by a Sapphire clean agent suppression system. The viewing room and
preparation rooms ( also has Sapphire) are protected by water mist systems. All areas have CCTVs,
Vesda smoke detection. Each main area has vestibules that lock the occupants in to move from the
viewing room to the Book vault and then out of the viewing room to the general building space.
The Historical Newspaper Repository Room is similar in protection to the Rare Books room. Materials
have not been moved into the Newspaper Storage space as of the survey. There is a 3 level stack room
next to the Newspaper Storage Room for items that need to be out of the general library space above.
This Stack Room is not provided with a suppression system but does have the Vesda smoke detection
and the environmental and security features. The Stack Room can store up to 350,000 books in a 32 ft
by 200 ft space.
The Auditorium is located along the south wall of the building and is used for performances and
meetings. The area is a 1= 3 high space and has very ornate wall and roof finishings. There is a small
wood stage and typical areas for theatrical productions.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 10
HVAC Equipment Condition and Maintenance: Adequate . ...
{ Are there proper combustionllimit controls; are units adequately segregated from combustibles; is there adequate clearance to building
components for the unit an flues: is there proper fuel storage?}
Steam and chilled water are supplied by underground lines from the main central plant for the Capital
Complex.
p-
Electrical Equipment Condition and Maintenance: I!~ olerabq
{ Do they have an electrical preventive maintenance program including periodic testing? Has infrared testing been performed per Risk
Control guidelines? If no, a recommendation should be made to do so. Has an electrical review been completed by an approved contractor
within the past 15 years? If no, a recommendation should be make to do so.)
Electrical equipment is well maintained. Switchgear is serviced by shutting down, examining and
tightening all lugs every 5 years. A recommendation is being submitted for IR testing.
Commercial Cooking: 1 fi!!!! FEl
( Are there areas within the building where cooking occurs? Are cooking areas properly protected?)
There is no commercial cooking in the building.
Smoke Hazards: IEiiiEia
( Are there any areas or contents which are subject to smoke damage?)
The library areas with books stacks are very highly susceptible to smoke damage. Additional protection
has been recommended in the form of early warning smoke detection and sprinkler protection.
Flammable Gasses: 1I ~ d e ~ u a t d
( Are there areas with combustible construction or contents where flammable gas is present? ie restaurants?}
There are no flammable gases used in the building.
Flammable Liquids: 1 jAdeGai4
{ Are there areas with combustible construction or contents where flammable liquids are present?)
There are no flammable liquids used in the building.
Liquid Hazards: l7% GK]
{ Are there any areas or contents which are subject to liquid damage?)
The contents are very susceptible to water damage. There is no practical way to lessen the exposure at
this time for the Law Library and Main Reading Rooms areas.
Risk Improvements / Recommendations
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120
Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Page 12
Burglary and Theft Exposure: i ~ e s :
Type of Watch Service: / unrecorded.
I
Rating: Adequate
Rating: ] ~ d ~ ~ " & ~ ;
L. .. . .. ~
r...-. . .- . . . . ---. . -- ...
Freq of Watch Rounds: : C_ aapus- p . ol- ic e are- - o nsit- e. . - a. . .. t a- ll- ti m. e. s.,]
Comments:
This is a public access building E;-~~ ~ Illegal Entry Alarm Service Rating: ~ dequatej
pjT& i@ g
Illegal Entry Alarm Types
0 one 4 O ~ a u l t 8 ~ icro~ hone
1 U~ erimeter 5L? l~ ontact 9 0 ~ icrowave
2 ~ e a m 60ln frared 1000ther
3 u ~ o n i c 7 oil Tape
Camera Coverage: Ed
Comments:
CCTVs to Capital Police command center is secure and public areas.
Perimeter ~ e n c e d M Ad e1q- u1acy -- - . -
Comments:
Access Controls: [ E l
Comments for secure areas only.
Exterior Grounds: lLlghtlngi Yard Storage Subject TO -
Risk ~ m~ rovemelnkt 1
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page I 3
Risk Control Management: ( Overall Rating)
Management Interest:
( Is there a formal risk control poiicy defining accountabilities and with deficiencies promptly reclilied? Do
the highest levels of Management endorse this policy?}
Good ., .
, Good/ - -
There is a formal risk control policy defining accountabilities and with deficiencies promptly rectified. The
highest levels of Management endorse this policy.
Fire Protection Equipment Self inspection:
{ Water based Fire Protection Systems and Equipment inspection and testing is conducted per applicable
codes or standards. Other Fire Protections tested in accordance vhth applicable codes or standards}
bgj
Fire Protection equipment is tested in accordance with applicable codes or standards.
Fire Protection Maintenance Program:
{ Proteclion Systems and Equipment are ma~ ntainedp er applicable codes or standards}
j- 6--- o- 2,
i.- J -.
The alarm system and fire extinguishers are well maintained. The new protection for the Rare Books
room will be inspected and tested per NFPA codes.
Fire Protection Impairment Program:
{ Is there a formal impairment notification and monitoring program? Does the program assure that all
controls are in place to minimize the frequency, extent and duration of the impairment? Is control of ignition
sources included?}
Food ..__ A
There is a formal impairment notification and monitoring program. The program assures that all controls
are in place to minimize the frequency, extent and duration of the impairment. Control of ignition sources
is included.
Housekeeping:
{ Is trash removed from the building as needed; is dumpster or compactor located an adequate distance
from the building( s); no lint, dust, grease, oil accumulations present; no combustible storage in boiler,
electric or heater rooms or in front of electric panel boxes?]
rc. 3
Housekeeping is excellent.
Maintenance:
{ Do they have a preventative maintenance program, including periodic testing?}
PM programs are in place for all major equipment. IR surveys have been recommended.
Pre- Emergency Organization:
{ Is an emergency organization formed and trained in the procedures to be followed in the event of fire and
other emergencies? Does the local fire department tour the facility for preplanning purposes on an annual
basis?)
An emergency organization is formed and trained in the procedures to be followed in the event of fire
and other emergencies. The local fire department tours the facility for preplanning purposes on an
annual basis.
Hot Work Controls:
{ Is a Hot Work permit system used for all cutting, welding, grinding or any thoer procedure using open
flames or producing sparks? Does the permit system provide adequate controls? Are records kept for
review?)
/ Ooodl
A Hot Work perrnit'system is used for all cutting, welding, grinding or any other procedure using open
flames or producing sparks. The permit system provides adequate controls. Records are kept for review.
Management of Change:
{ Does the facility have a documented program to assure adequate fire suppression and process controls
when new equipment is installed or if the occupancy of a building, or a portion of it changes?)
[ GoodI
The Building management group has a documented program to assure adequate fire suppression and
process controls when new equipment is installed or if the occupancy of a building, or a portion of it
changes.
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page I 4
building construction, fire suppression and process
nstallation. A management representative supervises
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120 Page 15
1 I~ escription: I O~ en a rk area for 400 ft to the Finance Bu~ ldina. I - - --
East Sllght Description: 150ft across the street to other buildings
Wes' Sl~ qht! Description: 80 feet to lrvis Office Buildina IS0 6 construction
-- -
Soutq Slight; I ~ e s c r i ~ t i o nl: ~ ~ e n a fworn 15 0ft to Walnut street.
I Comments I Recommendations: ; NIAI
1
Description not needed for " Slight" exposures.
- -- -. . -- ., . - . . . .. ... . . -. - .. --- .- -.
Map
I - . . . I Map Number420380A 1- 01- 02 Map ~ atd~!?!?!~/ L~~?
Wlnd Velocity: 90 mph Proximity to
Coast: @!{ 3
Earthquake light^ zone: / A/ Zone Source Data: USGS
Tsunami: INIA~ Lowest Floor ~ 1evation: I~ A
Volcano: i NIA] Volcano Status: ~ N/ A/ Proximitv to Volcano:
Snowstorm: lj~~ ightl
Other / NIA/ I
Note: a rating of " Moderate" or " Severe" requires a detailed explanation in the narrative section of the report
~ z n o wLnos s history
Liquid Damage:
Smoke Damage:
Vandalism I
Malicious Mischief:
Note: a rating of Moderate or Severe requires detailed explanation in the narrative section of the report
/ severe]
I s l
Subsidence/ Collapse:
Sabotagellerrorism:
islight/
Flight/
Hail:
Landslide:
/ slight]
E M
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120
Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Page 16
Operating DaysMleek $ ji
,-... :
Shift Activity
Operating Week~ Near[~ g
!-. I
First Shift % Second Shift % Third Shift %
Specific Occupancy Major Products
Office and Libraries books
Occupancy Code: 261 Hazard Grade: 2 Suffix:
State of Repair I - 1 1 Predominate Construction -.
LLP Present: Co- Tenants:!
I
Conflagration1
I Eo]
Account: Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Address: Forum Building, 607 South Drive, Harrisburg, PA 17120
Date of Survey: 0311 012009
Page 18
Commercial Building Valuation Report
kinaton lnswance
NSURED CoPll Foutm Elk&
eo7htU1 Drhre
Hrrbbwg, PA lnzo
medhre Dale:
Exprratbn Dele:
masof: iI2aOB
BUILDING Forum Bvlldlng
eo7 Swth Drhre
H~ tiaburgP, A 17120
SrnON 1
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OooupPnay: = mrarV ( Pm1 mly WM: l2tL
75% Offm, WRke 12 tl.
C i d m i kT~ yp e: lm Rre Resbtke ( IS0 6) NlmbBrd
Storlee: s
TOTAL RC BULDNC F mBu lldine m. Oaam7
- - - - -
VAWTION GRANDTQTAL ww= m7 w-