&anta§Uf ©saintmer auh i^ttalb.
LAHCASTEE, PA.
WEPtJESDAY, JANOAKY 20, 1858.
The Inaugural Address of Got. Packer, upon aasnining the Gubarnatorial Chair yesterdaj', bas nothing'in it to which we can take exception, while it contains much that we cordially approve.
Inaugural professions, however, mean bnt little, for it will be remembered that j ihe opening addresses of PresiJouts Fierce and Buctanan were both unexceptionable documents; while in practice they lerved but aa beacons to enable their authors to k«ep as far as poaeible from carrying out their principles. So Gov. Packer's "good intentions" may turn out to bo fit only for "paving stones" in a certain nameless place, which is said to be covered witb such arti¬ cles. But from our knowledge ofthe Gov-' ernoT elect, we aro inclined to think he will not yield so easily to outside influences as others similarly situated have done.
The Governor is decided enough in bis views aa to the right of a people to vote npon the constitution under which they are to live, in cases occurring in the future, but he unaccountably dodges the pending question of the Lecompton Gonstitutiou in Kansas.
There is one thing we hope the Gover¬ nor will put his foot on, at once and for¬ ever ;—and that is, upon all bills granting charters for corporations in cases where the courts have power to act. The statute bojks are already filled with such trash, which is an unmitigated nuisance to all who are compelled to keep the laws upon their shelves. And besides being a nui¬ sance to all who bny the laws, the mere printing of them costs the Stato large sums. Already has the tide of such stufl* Bet in, and one bill—to incorporate the Sons of Malta—has passed the House. The ex¬ cuse for urging it upon the Legislature is, that it w;ll cost something to obtain a charter from the courts. To save ten dol lars to themaelvea this society would tax the State fifty, besides annoying owners of the pamphlet lawa in all time to come, by compelling them to give sjiace in their book casea to matter which they would gladly occupy with something else. AVe again repeat the hope that Gov. Packer will, so far as within him lies, peremptorily put a stop to all such legislation. Gov. Pollock talked about it, but failed to act. Action and not talk is now wanted.
The Tariff and Trade. In a letter from that eminent political economist, Henry 0. Carey of Philadelphia, addressed to the President, that gentleman, after reviewing tbe different changes of policy on the part of the general govern¬ ment from 1807 to 1846, saya of the latter:
**By that aot, the aystem of the centrqU-gaged in a certain bnsitieas to a.'ik for that. ,/ . ? „ f„ii.„.. ivAFument was once more ohaneed—nrotefin" whioh waa in dirpnt nT.,«^»;i;nT, tA ti.^j, ^_ . tne otuer uay, »» luuuwa .
The Sdfkeme Couet asd thb Cikcl-it Sys¬ tem.—A project, we see, is before the Legisla¬ ture, to fis the Supreme Court permanently at either Harrisburg or Philadelpbia. At present, as our readers are aware, the Court holds cir¬ cuit in different parts of the State, in order to accommodate suitors liriug iu those particular parts. When it meets at JMltsburg, ca^es are decided in which parsons resiiling west of the mouutains in general are coucerned; when it meets at WilHamsport the parties mostly belong Ut the northern counties; when it meets here, plaintifis and defendants usually are denizens of Philadelphia or its vicinity. 'The ellect of inch a system is to makeju^iice comparatively cheap. Redress is practically brought to every mau's door. It is now proposed to destroy all this ; to force many suitors to traverse almost the entire length of the State; to make appeals in the Supreme Court so costly, that to all intents aud purpo.=es only the rich can afford to indulge in tham.—Public Ledger^
If suitors and witnesses attended the Supreme Court in person there would be some weight in the argument ofthe Ledger ; but as the case stands there is nono at all. "What matters it to a suitor in tbfs or any Other county where the Supreme Court sits when it decides his case ? He never attends. A lawyer appears for him ; aud it can matter but little to that lawyer whether he goes to Harrisburg, Philadel¬ phia or Pittsburg, as there can be but a few hours difference in time and a few dol¬ lars in cost between those places.
The Ledger's talk about *' redress being practically brought to every man's door," under the present system, is the sheerest humbug imaginable. "What the suitor needs ia, that his case should be carefully investi¬ gated and speedily decided. Delay in the decision often works great injustice. How can the desired ond be best accomplished ? Wo think the answer conclusive—by hav¬ ing the court to sit permanently (it one '¦ place; or at most, having but two districts i and allowing appeals to go up twice a year.!
Under the present arrangement, appeals go up but once a year i and it is often a year and a half, or longer, before a decision is had upon cases appealed from the lower court,;, the effect amounting frequently to a virtual denial of justice, as the redress Bought for comes too late to avail.
There is no (juestion that the court conld despatch business more rapidly and more correctly, sitting permanently in one place, with their hooks and manuscripts around them, than when travelling .about the State, stopping at taverns and subject to various inconveniences. Tho argument on thia head is so plain that it seems use¬ less to elaborate it.
Time, to most suitors.has a defined mon ey value. The ccst to any suitor, in con- Bequence of the Supreme Court sitting per¬ manently in one place, could scarcely be increased ten dollars;—which would in most cases be regarded as a very slight tai in consideration of a more speedy decision of his case. Time being equivalent to money, the Ledger's objection on the score of economy is shown to be groundless.
We believe Pennsylvania is the ouly State in the Union which retains the ab¬ surd system of a travelliag Supreme Court. In every other Stato tbe Court sits per- maDently at the Capital. How long Peiin- . syWania will persist in a system which ob- viously delays justice aud prevents its higher Court from properly discharging its duties, ia a problem for time to solve. It will not be changed until tho legislature takes a broader and higher view of tbe subject than it can do while regarding the interests of tavern keepers of county towns or the convenience of Philadelphia lawyers —the tffo influences which havehorclotore ovei-powered the rights of suitors.
Sl-gjir-Gbowers'Co.nve.vtiox. a Couveution of Northwestern Sugar-growers assembled at Springfield, IU., on the 7th inst. The roeet- higa were held in the Stale House and were largely attended. Judge Caton presided.— Letters were received from cultivators of the Chinese cane in Kentucky, Ohio aud other States; all espressingsatistaction at the results of culture. One cultivator gW^s, as ih« result of his experiments, accounts of a ykdd of 1,2-21
government was once more changed—protec' tion having been abandoned, and the tariff Uaving hmn adjusted with reference to revenue alone. It has now been in existence eleven years—years characterized by au amount of instability and uncertainty in all commercial affaira, almost equal to that which existed in the period which embraced the embargo and uon intercourse acts, and the war which fol¬ lowed. Banks innumerable have bean created. Prices have risen and fallen repeatedly—the changes having been great, almost beyond all previous precedent. Flour and cotton have, nt times, been lower in price than had ever before been kuown; while, at others, they have exhibited a tendency towards rising to the point at which they had stood at tht passage of the free trade aot ot 1816. The re¬ sult ia seen in the fact, that the mannfacturers aud the merchants are ruined—that the nuni ber of peraons unemployed is great, lu^vond all former precedent—that the prices of all our staples are falliug with great rapirlity— that oar ships are unemployeJ^that onr bauks have again been driven to suspension-- that the revenue has failed—and that, not¬ withstanding the receipt of hundreds of millions of California gold, the government is reduced again to the uecessity of using au iuconvertible paper mouey, as the ouly means of keeping itself alloat.*"
This description of the result of the policy adopted in 184G i6 true to the letter. During the eleven years which has since elapsed, the whole conntry has been in a feverish state of activity nearly the whole time : there has not beeu a single year of real solid, healthy business during that whole period. Prices, instead of bein regulated by any home standard, or at ull depending on bank currency, have l^een carried up or down by foreign quotations, and too often with such rapidity that the most cautious and clear seeing have suffur- ed severely, while .he more adventurous have been crushed. When a foreign de¬ mand has sprung up for our breadstuff or farm produce, heavy oxportatious have been made at high prices, and as the natural result eqimlly heavy importations. Farm- ens felt rich, and not only laid out thoir surplus money, but counting on equally good prices for the years to come, run in debt freely, with the confident expectation of being able to pay easily out of the next year's surplus. But the next year onr friends across the water raised their own grain, and did not want ours. Down went prices and the farmer's debts were unpaid. The banks were called on to stand in the gap, money got scarce and dear, profits were absorbed by extra interest, rind there was a losing business all round. Any men extensively engaged in business will readily concede that these havo been no years for accumulation. There has been no general break-up, but d great many small ones. For the past eight years there has been a constant crumbling away among mercantile men, which has indicated a losing businessi and the last two years have beeu the worst of the whole. Any man who will look back uver the Highleen months prior to the commeuceiuetit of the present crisis, will be surprised to see how mauy merchants- most of them in high standing but a short time before—have quietly fallen out ofthe ranks, paying but very small dividends Since the fir.';tor September hundreds have stopped who will pay in the end, but even if the banks had adopted a wise policy iu> stead of a foolish oue, there would have been more failures this fall and winter tlian at any previous time in len years, for- tbe low prices of breadstufls alone would have produced this effect, wlicn added t.o the pre-existing causes. This happens to ba one of the years when but little of our sur¬ plus is wanted, and as the value of it is fixed by prices iu England,, there was not the slightest chance to keep it up. If there had been no panic, flour-would have touch¬ ed S5 per barrel, audAow cau farmers pay their debts when, they have drawn on it at the rate of tea dollars '! How could they have continued to coiisuraft the vast impor. tatioua. made und contemplated? Aud wb.ai. could have prevented one of these periodical tumble downs in prices which over production always produces, and its ordinary results?
It suits the purpo.^e of free-traders to i charge all our Tise and fall iu prices to cur! system of currency, which has less to '.do with them than the summer winds. Mr. Buchanan, especially, makes it the. ouly cause of these fluctuations. As we have shown heretofore, there is nothing iu the actual working of that system to sustain the allegation. Let us see how much easi¬ er it is to solve the probJem by the law of supply and demand. Last yearthe icniaud for our agricaUural productioua abroad was large enough-to absorb nearly all our surplus, and we obtained large prices — This year comparatively little is wanted, and that little we nmst furnish at low pri¬ ces. The consoqucDCO is, that tbe value of the whole crop of breadstufl; fixed by for¬ eign prices last year at 1000 millions, is fixed by tbe same standard this year at COO millions, because the supply is in ex- ces.s of tho demand, what effect upon this immense difl'erence can an expansion or contraction in our currency of 20 or 30 millions havo? The producers of these crops havo been seduced into extravagant con¬ sumption of foreign merchandise—and heavy expenditures to increase tho amount of their crops, relying on foreigners to take tbeir corn and wheat in payment at last year's prices, but thoy are met with the rebuff" we dent want corn and wheat, you must pay us in gold." No such state of things ever happened, or ever cau happen, under tbe protective system. The farmer looks to the manufacturer as his customer, and the manufacturer to the farmer—each knows the wants of the other, and furnishes an ample supply, but no immoderate sur¬ plus—the labor of each receives a fair com- peiisatioii—the country imports no more than it can readily pay for, because no more is wanted—and there is a gradual improve¬ ment in all classes, from year to year, with, out auy violent struggles to get rich by reckless speculation, and cousequently there can be no great revulsion which makes a national bankrupt law a necessity of the times.
For ths Examiner & Hnrald.
From the HirrlflbargTelagmpti.
Mb. Editor.—a petition praying the L«gis-i Statements of the Connty and City lature to repeal so much of a certain act, as ¦ Banks Compared.
IT^Z ^"lln;«^'tl'""" *'•• *; P^^ ^ "^•''"¦""^ ¦ Some of our city ootemporaries persist in tax, waa presented to me some days since, for ,.,... ., . „ ^ « . •
my signature. On looking over the list of ^'^•""'t""' t''« r«turns of country Banks, lu- namea attached to the petition, I was sur- Juriously and unjustly. Thus in one of them prised to find many of our most intelligent! Cwhich is, we aro sure indisposed to do injus- farmers. What could have induced men en- ; tic«) the figures or a number were diapUyed,
Affairs in Kansas.
The careless reader may be milled by Telei graphic adviufs that " the Lcgi«lature of Kan¬ sas" has done this or that inconsistent with
x«oo.a.Xj -A-35':E«ua-X3a.a
to Banka • • *
Specie-
which was in direct opposition to their pp-
cuniary interests—wheu the object is not to \
confer a favor on a suffering ulasa of humanity Circulation
•is entirely beyond mv comprehension ; un-! Coin less it was signed—which, it ia to be feared, is too often the case—without due cousidera- tion! What is the grievance 'jnder which the Miller labors, that requirt-s legislative discrimination in favor of that particular branch «f industry? Why shall the Miller be excused from paying his quota towards the reveimes of tho Commonwealth, while the Brewer, Biatiller, Merchant, :?eddler, ^c, are to remain taxed aa heretofore f la the change uow pri»i>03ed to be the commenufment of a series t Or if not, what are the qualities iu it which wheu it shall have been adopted, ur« to guarantee it against other changes ? U it in¬ tended to repeal aU the revenue laws, and tlirow the priucipat burden of maintaining the Statri by direct taxation upou the Bhoulders, of the unsopliisticated farmer ? True, their slioulders are broad, and accustomed lo bear a great deal, bat, remember, "it is the lust pouuii that breaks the camel's back." TheSH aro questions, which it Ixdiooves farmers to enquire into before sulfering their names lo bo attached to a petition of the above character.
Under the admirable administration of Gov. Pollock, we fmd, according to his message, a reduction of the state debt of some nine millions of dollars, including tho amount for which tha '* Main Line" hail been sold. The last Legislature reduced the State tax half a mill, aud it is fair to presume that, under ex¬ isting laws, the debt will become gradually extinguished, aud Pennsylvanians be rid of the onerous tax whioh has so long blighted hor unergiwb, and crippled her eiiterprizea.
But suppose the Legislature repeals the present revenue laws, iu accordance with the prayer of this petition—because, if it is just and prudent to repeal them, so far as certain industrial hranches are concerned, it is equally proper and politic that they should all be re¬ pealed :—how cau we expect the State debt to become reduced iu a regular ratio, aud, uou- i^equeutly, how can wo expect to have the stato tax ultimately abolished altogether ? It is the auxaous desire of every Peunsylvanian to aee the act which authorizes the levying of a slate tax lyipeJ from the Statute Book; because when tbd ttato of the finances are such, that direct taxation will not be required to meet the wants of the Commonwealth an equal benefit will bo conferred on all business inter¬ ests and tU clfissos of mon. Then why, at thia early stage t>'f the financial progress of the State, shall we favor a measure, which is in¬ tended to .liscriminato in favor of a particular class, and .n oppositioji to the interests of the many.'
I trust firmera, and all others not directly interested in the milling huaiuess, will be cau¬ tious iu tbe future, and jianse before signing <locumenti of such a character. It is not likely, however, that the legislature, in its sovereign capacity, will pay much attention to the prayois of men who favor a principle in¬ herently nrong. It will uot be so far loat to decency—to say nothing of honesty-art to give U one moiiient'g serious consideration.
A FARMKR.
RANK OF SOBTHOJTBBRLAND.
J125,8.WOO
40,340 40
REGISTEE or SALES Advertised in thia pajwr and for whioh bills have been printed at tbe oQioe nf th» EzamiDor and what he supposes to be the political hmning : Herald:
of that assemblage. It must Iw steadily borne j , FaBLIC8AI,B»-RE^L ESTATE.
^ u4*fciwDcmui»i((c .,.,:,. ! EHlttB Of ?«nny BaekTc«lt«r. M»nor town
in mind that there are no less than three dia-1 abip.iaacrt^acd 7.i pergUes
tbct and diverse bodies, eaeh claiming to be | ^»^; J[i,iX'!r;tlSir..Thffi=.u..,..., " the Legislature of Kansas"—namely : 1. The Free-State Legislature, elected months
..JaonaryZl
Deficit $85,549 57
BA.VK op DANVILLE. |
Circulation $118,755 00 !
Coin 30,864 73
Deficit .$87,890 27
And so of others. In these, no reference is made to balances due by Banks, and cR.<)h, which conatitute often their largest and readiest strength.
Now, we submit to our cotemporariea, whether the statistics of their best city Bauks could not be paradod at a similar or worse apparent "deficit." We ijay apparent, for these partial statemeuts do not show the strength of the institutions, in the oily or country. Take for example the following:
BAXK OF NORTH AMBRICA.
Deposits including balance due
~ " •••*. $2,404,414 25
043,377 18
Deficit $1,701,037 07
DANK NOaTHERH LIDBRTfES.
Deposits including balances, due
to Banks • • • •• •. .$1,007,906 00
Specie -.^VV.. 139,535 00
Deficit..".. •-.;.•-• v;
' WESTERS BASK,
Deposits including balances'due
$868,37100
$1,029,304 97 IS.O.OOO 53
to Banks. Specie
Deficit -$1,010,304 44
These are hut specimens of all the rest, and of Banks deservedly of the highest credit.
Or take the aggregate of seventeen Philadel¬ phia Banka, (excluding circulation:)
DepositH, &c $:15,91S,G47 00
Specie 3,770,,^01 00
REMARKS ON THB ABOVK.
So far zB we have looked into tne pro¬ priety of requiring Millers to pay a license tux, we aro.inclined to differ from the views expressed by our correspondent. ¦ The I'undamental principle of taxation in ; a republican government ia, that it should i bear eqtially ond impartially upon all per- ; aoii."< in ]^r(ipnrtion to their mean's : that its burlheus should fall, "like tho dews of heaven," us well upon the uujust a.H the 'just. X slight deviation is practically made frcm this theory, in Peunsyh'aiiia, in favor of persons of limited income, and against certain articles of luxury, but that does not aflect the general principle. Ab-. solute oi[uaUty in the imposition of taxes is of course unattainable : but that is the ^ end govrrnmeut should strive after.
The pjiot now at issue is—dues the pay ment of license tax by millers canse them to bear more than their proper share of the burthens of taxation? j
The farmer is taxed for his land und the : stock wiih which it is farmed, but not for his income ; or iu other words, pays tax on his means of livelihood, but not on the proilnct, or result.
'I'ho mechanic pays no tax on his tools or machinery, but is taxed for his incoiiie. Ho is taxed on the product or result and not ou thu means.
The storekeeper pays no tax upon his goods, b:it is taxed for his income, aud iu addition pays a license tax, graduated on the amount.of his sales.
Our correapon~dent draws a comparison more particularly between the miller and farmer. Not having space to spare forj;a more extended investigation into the sub- joct, we will confine our comparison to those occupations. Suppose A has a farm aud 13 a mill, each worth $10,000 ; which aro assessed at $6,000. At the rate of tax ation fixed for the ensuing year (State and County tax each 25 cents on the $100) the farm and mill will each pay $30. tax for State and County purposes. The farmer pays no further tax for those purposes. But the miller is also subject to an occu¬ pation tax—(which we admit is seldom im¬ posed by assessors, although it is their duty lo do so)—and under the construc¬ tion given by the Courts to the license law, to a further tax for license, which cannot be less than $7. Our correspond¬ ent will see from this statement that even where the miller escapes the occupation tax, the payment of the license tax, in cases where the valuation of the real estate is $6,000, causes the miller ^o pay 25 per cent, more than the farmer. And where the valuation is but $3,000, as isnearorthe general average, the miller pays 50 per cent, more than the farmer.
We feel no interest in this question fur¬ ther than to see equal and exact justice done to all meu.
EFiciT $12,147,946 00
Some of the oity Banks otoe country Banks more than their whole coin. Is it wise to dis¬ credit iu any way the latter, which, in such a case, would have to protect themselves in a state of resumption at the expense of their city correspondents?
The customary parade ot coin against circu¬ lation ia all a fallacy, so far as regards tho country Banks. Circulation is widely scatter¬ ed, while the deposits of the city are conccn trated, and liable al any panic to precipitate a severe run. It is fresh in the memories of all that the suspensions of Philadelphia aud New York wore brought on by depositors.
Coin oannot bo held by conntry Hanks in the same proportion as in the city; for the very obvious reason that their exchanges aru made ohiefly in Philadelphia. Holding coin to meet the exchanges of the interior Bauks would keep up a daily receipt and disbursement of specie, expensive and annoying to all partiea. Bank balances in Philadelphia, against which to draw, save all this, aud conatitute as much strength and availability aa specie on hand.
The proper way to exhibit the statistics in ; question ia to show the c»sh meant against the liabilities. Iu snch au exhibit there is reatly but little disparity between the Banks all round. Thus the aggregate liabilities of all tliR Philadelphia Bauks aro $16,929.680; cash means, §5,962,319—or aa one dollar to two dollars and eighty-three cents.
Taking such country Banks as are at our h.md at the moment, the cash means of the Easton Bank are as one dollar to two dollars and thirty-one cents; Columbia Bank, one dollar to two dollars and thirty-three cents; Harrisburg Bank, one dollar to two dollars and forty-six cents; Lancaster County Bank, one dollar to two dollars and fifty cents. Other examplea might be given, but tbese are suffi- oient.
The New Sdpkeme Codkt Judge.—Hon. Nathan CliflTord, confirmed as Associate Justice ofthe Supreme Court of the United States, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation ol Judge Curtis, is a native of New Hampshire pounds of brown sugar and 74 gallons of mo- '^"'^ '"'^ y^ars of age lie began the practice of lasses from a single acre. Another states that ^J*'' ^=^^ '-a Maine, and has since rspresented that the poorest ground produced the richest cane ; j ^^^^*' l^istrict iu tbe Twenty-sixth and Twenty-
ago under theTopeka Conatiiniion, aud which recently convened at Topeka, but is understood to have since adjourned to Lawrence. This body ia entirely fi'pp from Border Ruffians.
2. The Territorial Legi.-ilatuie, choswii last October by a pretty general vote ofthe citizens of Kanaas and tho Missouri Border Rnflians.— This Legislature would havehad aPio-SIavory majority, as its predeceasiors had, by moans of the fraudulent vote from Missouri aud the frauduleut count of some tbou.sands ofv.idoa uever pulled ; but Govenior Walker rejected the bogus return from Oxfonl, and thereby gave the great central district, comprising Douglas and Johnson Counties, to the Free- State men, who thereby obtained a majority. Thia majority rejected the fraudulent returns from Kickapoo, whereby Leavenworth County waa made to return a Pro-Slavery Delegation also; ao that now the Free-State men have at least three-fourths of this Legislature, which, probably, has also adjourned to Lawrence, ag there are no fit accommodations at Lecompton. This Legislature is uow holding its first rcgu- ular Seaaion, that of December having beeu an Extra Session, ca'ledin advance of its regu¬ lar day of meeting by Sec. Stanton, and acting under a pledge to him not to transcend a limi¬ ted range of action.
3. The Slave Stale Legislature, elected un¬ der the bogus Constitution recently framed by Calhoun & Co. at Lecompton. This Legisla¬ ture is to meet at Lecompton on the call of Regent Calhoun. The Froo State party re¬ solved not to.take part in the election held ou the 4th inat. under the bogus Constitution, but a minority nevertheless bolted and put up a State Ticket, urging nominations iu tha Several Counties, and the recommendation waa partially acted ou. Our latest advices indicate the electioa of tho Slave Democracy's State Ticket at this election, but a probable Free- State majority in the Legislature. It must be remembered, however, that Regent Calhoun canvasses the returns and declares the result, and has just gone to Lecomptou under a guard of United States troops for that purpose.— What result he may declare oannot be pre¬ sumed from the returns as cast, though three- fourths of the Pro-Slavery vote returned was either cast by Missourians, or by Ruffians who voted eight to twelve times each at Kickapoo and other dens of fraud. Though a large por¬ tion ofthe Free-State party refused to vote at this election, their honest poll is nevertheless doubtless thrice the legal vote of the Slave Democracy. But this fact will exert no in- flueuce over the declared result.
—^Thero waa another election held under tha auspices ofthe Territorial Legislature on the 4th inat., at which a vote waa takon "For the ** Lecompton Coustitntion with Slavery;" ditto " loi'/joi/i Slavery;" and ^'Against the Lecomp -I »ton Conatitulion." Very few but Free-'State men voted, and they of course voted against the Lecompton Constitution. It is telegraphed that this vote will foot up about Fifteen Thous¬ and, which is at- least four time.s the largest vote that waa or can be honestly polled/or tho Lecompton Constitution.
Such are the auspice.s nnder which Mr. Bu¬ chauan commences in earnest the job of for¬ cing that Constitution through Congress aud bringing Kauaai into the Union as a Slave State. Ue is likely to have a good time of it.— N. y. Tribune. .
V4i6QTine"RT«8a,dec'd", City property,...'.'..Fabroaiy 6 PERSONAL PROPERTY.
YoHt T»dor. Earl JaaBary22
n.irliPlH.>i»ljftr,d''cM , Mauheimiwp " 2.H
Jdho Mvlln dec'd . Pvjnt.* " **
JhcoIi Huber, Uartlc twp. " 27
Jacoli Eshlcnian.dPcM., Slumir " -«*
Adam Kaack, Leacck ,.- " '•»
ni.rlPllai. Mvllu.di'c'd., Pr...iea " ""
B-^uJ. s Prt. MaoBr, P8bruary2
.t.thu UoW. jr., Manbeim tw;) " 2
SHmnal McCoy, Baltlmorfl city.Md '* 3
nunlel Miller. Rapho :. " »
Jo-f^Iili Ln^mun, dfc'd , EiKt hamperftr "4 a A
Nutl-Hulfil Bun, ^allBbary twp., " 10
Joho B. Erh.ClH.y, .'. " l/"
Siitiiuel S. nuiiironr, Pano " '^
Ad&Jii Hecktnita.MatKir. ••• - " 1*
.TobD KeppBrlinK, Eaft Dt.uegal " 19
Mitriln Bear. HdtlNbury •..-• .^ 28
WUmju Jt 5auiii«] Brahftktir, Dpper LbucocIc, " 27 John MaH8olm»n. Earl ..'. March 6
SHERIFFS SAI.BS. Yurk FuruacB Brldua Cmpany, Piars, &c.,.. *' 23
PRIVATE SALES Three ffirina Id HarrU luwaahlp, Centre connty. Brick 2K atory dwullinK aod one acre of gtoond In Mil¬ lersvillo. A numlmr (if farm* In Perry county, P*. Maryland Farm".
A anmbar of brick dwelling hoaaaa In the city. Dwe:iluB houdcB snd lota lu the boruu.sh of H«rl«tlft. CheHunt atreet Iron Worka in the elty
BUILDINGS ERECTED IN 1857.-Tbe num her uf new buildiogs erected witbio tba city limits during tho year 1857 is &i foUowi :—
Throe Btory Brick BnltdlngB 6
Two do do d<i 30
One (Id do do .:.... 19
Franw BalldlngH, two atory. 4
Vo di> one-atory: 2
Total J...1
BuUdiiiga erected In 1858 j j
F.fur atory Bricli Bolldlofca :
Tbree do do do i '...¦,;.-.-„
Two do do do . ;.•.
due d.» do do ^ -1..;
Frame BuUdlrigw, two-atoryi::;' Do do ourt-atoryi...
Total..;......:i..7
Bnlldlnga erected in 1855 .: , ¦¦^\(. ThrtJe atory Brick Baildliiga ¦..., Two do do -.do ¦ ' l... Oue do do " do '... Frame Bulldlnga, two-atoryl.
.CO
13
fii ;
17 i
H I
14 ;
101 i
....12
,.10
and vice versa. A third dwells npon the value of the seed aa an article of food ; the average yield being 25 bushels per acre, it is said the seed produces a flour equal to the best Fenn- •ylvania buckwheat, both in quality aud quan¬ tity. The Convention debated the propriety of organizing a "Kortheru Sugar-cane Associ¬ ation," but finally decided it inexpedient to form a body distinct from the General State Agricultural Society. A Mechanical Committee^ appointed-to report upon the best method Of expressing the juice of the cane, reported in fevor of a machine consisting of three smooth cast iron rollers, placed vertically or horizon¬ tally ; bnt declined to decide upon the relative virtues of steam or horse power. The Con¬ vention adjourned, after empowering the Presi¬ dent to appoint a committee of nine to collect fBfiia and sUtistics in relation to the growth of fiugar. The meeting developed a number of interesting facta, and has given a powerful im¬ pulse to thia new branch of enterprise.
FisaT.—The Richmond Enquu-er says: " Should Douglas and those who think with him desert us, wa may be assured that there U a-polititjal earthquake coming, which in 3 860 may leave a fissure of fire aa the dividing ine between the North and South.**
soventb Congresses; and in 1840 became United
tiouhewasd.J,at:d^-ro7;:^-2^^^^^ sioners to exchange ratiCcations of tbe Guad- aloupe-Hulalgo Treaty with Mexico- the other Commissioner being Hon. A. H. Sevier of Arkansas. The ratifications having been 'ex¬ changed, Mr. Clifford was ordered to reniaij in Mexico as the Resident Minister from the United States. He was recalled in the follow¬ ing year, upon a change in tho Administra¬ tion, and was succeeded by Hon. Robert P. Letcher. Since that time, Mr. Clifford has taken no very prominent part in pnblic affairs- Ile is a Pro-Slavery Democrat.
Brutal Prize Fight.—The Boston Herald gives au account of a brutal prize fight between James Lynch and John Humphries of Brook- lin, for §100 a side, in a bam situated in a town ten miles from Boston, on Monday morn¬ ing. Daring the fight Lynch, who was gat- ting worsted, attempted to bite oif the nose of hJB antagonist, which brought about a general melee. Clubs and knivea wera used with great freedom, and several peraoni were hurt. Two men were stabbed, aud bled profusely. Several otheiB were wounded with cliiba, and a large amount of fistic bruising was done
Taii New Sugar Expbeimest.—We have re¬ ceived from Mr. Joseph S. Levering (the ex tensive sugar refiner of Philadelphia,) apamph- let account of his experiments with the " Sor¬ ghum Saccharatum," or Chinese Bugar cane. This paper is minuto iu its descriptions of processes aud results, not only in the making of the sugar, but the culture of the plant.— Accompanying the pamphlet were speciroena of the sugar aud the syrup, the latter of fine quality, aud the former ranging from imper- lect samples to quite a superior article. The ouly question ia one of economy. Mr. Lever¬ ing, pronounces the result " highly encoura¬ ging." The Pamphlet will be sought with great interest. We subjoin the conclusions at which the writer arrives; and we need hardly remark that he is most excellent au¬ thority in the premises:
1st. That it is obvious that there is a cul¬ minating point in the development of the su¬ gar in the cane, which is the best time for sugar making. This point.or Heasou I consid¬ er to he, wheu most if not all the seeds are xipe, aud after several frosts, say when the temperature falls to 25 deg. or 30 deg. F.
2d. That frost or oven hard freezing, does not injure the juice nor the sugar, but that warm Indian summer weather, after the frost and hard freezing, does injure them very ma¬ terially, and ruduces both quantity and qual¬ ity
3d. That if the cane is cut and housed, or shocked iu tiie field when iu its most favora¬ ble condition, it will probably keep unchanged ior a long lime.
4th. That when the juice is obtained, the process should prouyed continuously and with¬ out delay.
r.th. The clarification should be as perfect as possible by the time the density reaches 15 deg. Beaume, tha syrup having the appear¬ ance of good brandy.'
(Uh. That althuuyh eggs woro u.s'ed in tbe.^e ymall Hxpt-rJmenLs, on account of their conve¬ nience, bullock's blook, i'fto behad, is equally good, and the milk of lime alone will answer the purpose ; in the latter cast, however, more constant and prolonged skimming will be re¬ quired to produce a perfect cUrification, which IS highly important.
7th. That the concentratiou,orboiling down, after clanficatmn, should be as rapid as possi¬ ble without scorching—shallow evaporators being the beat.
With these conditions secured, it is about as easy to make good sugar from the Chineaa cane as to make a pot of good muah, aod much easier than to make a kettle of good apple
Mecuasjcai, Bakeries.—We have already made some mention of the gretit mechanical bakery of Philadelphia, l)utthepopularinaugu- ration of it the other day has so renewed our wonder at the excellence of the invention, that we cannot forbear adverting to it again. Ma¬ chinery had previously been apjdied at eveiy stage in the prap.iratiou of "the .st.iffof life"— pulverizing and enriching the soil, drilling in the wheat, reaping in at maturity, tlire.shing and winnowing it from the stalk, grindiiiif it into Jiour, which was_ packed into barrels^ which were lifted into lofts and moved by loa- chines over land and water, preparatory to the final change of the Hour iuto au edible .shape. All these operations are conducted in a whole¬ sale style, and it therefore seems an ignoble, termination oi the aeries, which give.s the flour into individual hands for baking in the same manner practiced long before the above in¬ ventions were lienrd of. Now the steam me- ohanieal bakery changes all this, and keeps up the inventive level throughout.
Think of eight or ten baiTels of flour turned into a kneading trough at the same time, and thoroughly worked into dough in less than twenty minutes. Think of this mass going through all the stages of the most careful bread-making—raised, kneaded a second time, cut into loaves of uniform weight.'raised ag.iin, moved into ovens, baked, brought ont and de¬ posited in baskets—all this being carried for¬ ward through the ."juccessive flights of a four- story building, and without subjecting a par¬ ticle of the flour to the touch of a single human hand! Such are the achievements of the new mechanical bakery in Philadelphia. It lias two ovens, each of which, is equal to fifty- two common bafcei-s' ovens. Intoeach of them passes twenty-six bread-cars, containing sixty loaves each. Each car stops, on an average, thirty miuutes in the oven, to bake ita load. Tha loaves, while baking, rest on brick tiles, aud the heat is radiated from brick, so that the bread is said to have the same taste as that baked in the old-fashioned household ovens, a taste that yet lingers in tbe memories Qf those who wera young mauy years ago.— The cleanliness of the whole process is de¬ clared to he admirable, v/hile the cheapness of the result is iLq crowning merit. Whoever flrst used the phraie, "bread for the million," doubtless had a prophetic sense of this great invention.
Of course such an enterprize mnat carry all before it in due time. If the requisite perfec¬ tion has not been reached yet, it will be, for the times demand it. Cheap bread the people will and must have, and it ia not reasonable to suppose that an article in such universal request can long continue to be manufactured in methods no more extensive and scientific tJiflu the present.
butter.
Capt. John F. Cole, who was sentenced on Saturday last to the Pittsburgh (Fa.) f eniten- tiary, for aMftulting his wife witb intent to kill, hung himself Sunday morning.
TuK Fia-ST Steam-Esgise is the Usitkd States.—The Historical Society of Tennessee has received a communication from Mr. S. D. McCullougb, of Lexington, Ky., giving par- ticular.^ of tbe con.struction of a model steam- engine by tho late Edward West, of that city. Mr. McCullougb says:
"After the death of Mr. West, .tnil the death of his servant, llenson, in 1833, the contents of his shop were sold out, and the late Mr. Brenen, of this place became the purchaser of the engine, or al! that was left of it, who gave it to me, as one of the ueighbors and friends of Mr- W^est. I have that little engine now in possession, or all of its remains, which con¬ sist of a small oblong wooden frame, a cylinder and piston-rod, two valves for letting on aud off steam, supply and escape pipes, and two springs, which apparrently were intended aa Bub.=Jtitulerifor the fly-wheel, to overcome the •dead point.' Tbo goveruor, if such a thing
was known iu those days, is not attaohed, nor are any other parts, to which the power was applied. There is no boiler, no crank, uo way, in fact, visible by which he applied the power to the paddles, except, periiap.^, a hole in the end of the piston rod, and two levers acted on by spiral or semi-apiral springe. :
I had intended to have sent it to the Smith¬ sonian Institute, if 1 permitted it to leave Kentucky at all, and ahall still deliberate prudently where I had better place it, so as to preserve it for all time to come. Your own good sense will agree with me, no doubt in that. I regard the name of Edward West as national, aud not local, and feel proud of his reputation as a Keutuckian and citizen of Lexington, as having been tbo first man, in the United States, to run a steamboat (model though it was^ on the United States waters.'
Kaksas.—General Calhonn, whp had sought refuge iu Miaaourf from threatened outrage, hai been «Korted back to Lecompton by -Uni¬ ted States troops.
Has ANYTHING Bkes Lost by the Panic f— It requires very little argument to demonstrate that the-community suffers no injury from gamblers' los.'jes, beyond the loss of the time 4vaated at the gaming tible, which might have been employed in some usefnl occupation. The lo.saes on the Stock Exchange are of a similar nature. Individuals may be *' lamed for life," and princely fortunea may be swept away in an hour ; bnt the community suffers uo diminu¬ tion of wealih and nil'the elements of pros¬ perity remain unchanged. What is true of gamblers and stockjobbers is also tnie, to a certain extent, of los.'^es hy mercantile failures. A thousand merchants may fail, but all the wealth of the country remains undiminished. The London Times estimates tlie amount of liabilities of the firms in Great Brllain that have suspended since October at X100,000,000, but assumes that, notwithstanding this enor¬ mous amount of unliquidated debt, compara¬ tively nothing has been lost to the country.
This is a consolatory view to take of the .subject aud it is, no doubt, in the main a cor¬ rect one. The actual losses which a commu¬ nity sustains are in the loss of crops, the de¬ struction of property by fire and shipwreck, the coat of wars, tha paralyzing of a special branch of trade or manufactures, aud the de¬ moralization of the people which leads to the diminution of their industrial aud productive energies. These are the losses which a country suffers from, while but litUe injury is sustain¬ ed in consequence of the suspensions or fail¬ ures of those merchants and traders who bor¬ row from Peter to pay Paul.
Aeeoi-diog to a circular issued from one of our mercantile agencies in this City, the amount of losses sustained by the defalcations of ab¬ sconding and swindling debtors in the United States during the past year amounts to the appalling sum of $5,222,500 ; hut large as this sum appears, we fear it does not adequately represent iu figures the actual e.>:teiit of our commercial rascalities, though we presume it is not meant to indicate the swindling losses of auy of the great moneyed institutions of tha country. It will give some idea, however, to the general mind, of the terrible cost to the people by the lack of honesty. Added to these swindling losses there ia the sum of $20,000,- 000 owing by suspended firms which will pay nothing, while there are 3,839 concerns owing $197,080,200, which will not pay more than forty or fifty per cent, of thair liabilities. The aijtual losses sustained by the failures of the year are estimated at only $143,780,000, which is hardly a third of the amount estimated by the London Times as tho losses by failures in Great Britain. Bnt, there having been no actual destruction of the elements of wealth, it is assumed that the country is juat as rich uow in all tluit makes a people prosperous as it waa before tho revulsion commenced.
Tho real losses which wo havo austained have been by fire and shipwreck, and these havo not been .'^o large as in years past. Our total losses by shipwreck are estimanted at $20,000,000, and our losses by fires in all parts of the United States have, been but littie more than the same amount, leas by at least five millions than they were last year from the same cause. The great fire of 1836, in this City, swept off in one night twenty mil¬ lions of property, equal to all tiie conflagra¬ tions in all parts of the Union during the past year. So that, npon the whole,notwithstand¬ ing all the commercial disasters of the last year, the actual diminution of tho wealth of tiie conntry has been loss than in other years. The losses owing to the suspeusiou of some of our manufacturing establishments, occa- Bioned l»y the general derangement of busineaa, have been much mora serious than those arising from the failures or suspensions of mercantile firms. But even these loases will be ahnndantly made up by the increased ac¬ tivity of business hereafter.—iST. V. Times.
one-(ttory..... 18
Total : 130
From the above Btatements gathered from the report.1 of tbe High Coostable, it will be observed that the number of buildinga erected last year fall.'! far short ofthe nuraher in 1855 and "50; and that while the per centage of the better class of buildings 18 dec'reasfld, tbat of the inferior is in- oreBFed. The above tables also show that our oity baa suffered Eoverely from tbe orisls in mone tary affairs and the atagnation of busineaa conse¬ quent thereon. Notwithstanding the smalt num her of buildings erected laat year, we have never known a time when more houaea were unotjoupied than at present. This, in a measure, ii owing to the stoppage of the cotton milia and Locomotive works, the employees of those estabtiibuientA being obliged to aeek employment elsewhere. We trust, however, that the year judt commenced will prove more auspicious than Jta predecessor, and that with the opening of the next Spring, labor will aace more be in demand, and at re munerative prloee. It would also be well for our City Fatbara, wben tbey are oaating up their ac¬ counts for last year, to reflect how fur the onerous city ta.x has operated against the building interest and improvement of the city. When, in conse¬ quence of exce-Mire taxation, men are not able tu realize more than 3 per cent, for their money in¬ vested in city property, they will be likely to Beek^other channels for the employment of their epare capital.
FROM THE report" 0F_ TIIE AtJDiTOR GENGR.\L exhibiiiiig the fnmncint coniliiion-of tbe State lor the fl.-suni year ending Novetaber 30. 1857, we find the whole amount of revenue re ceived by the State Treasurer, for the year, was, $4,690,587.84. Of this amount Lancaster couniy , paid one. hundred <ind sixty two thousand, seven ' hnmtred and ninely-thrrp dolfar.i and ffty-four cents, as follows :
TAX ON tJANK DIVlUliNOS.
Fannem" Bnuk «f I.:incaster. $.5,802,74
LaucjiBterCu'iuty Bank :i,787.40
Columbia Hank .3,000.00
TAX OS UOKl'ORATIO.N' STOCKS.
ColoiuWa 8*ak 1,«)0.00
FarmcrB* Bunk : 1,9-25.00
LancHBter County BAHk , 1,242 21
Tvocomutive Worki* 120.00
Columbia and WartlilotioD Ttirnpllte 22 00
Lt.ncatit(>r KuJ Lltiz Turupiko 14-1.00
Laocdsinr, £llz.\ltctlil<iK-u nuil Miil<11oli>wu T., 77.49
Lanca.tter hu'I .StiM[u>tliHnnii Tnrniilku '=3.75
luluud luaurauto Mid Depoait Couipany 260.00
LanciMer (Ja-t Company 207.22
MI3CliLL.\NEOU3.
Taxoartml ami pdr.-i»nivl propwriy I09,473.6S
Tavern Liceoses 6,ft8i.W)
lletallentof Mercknudli;** 2,00000
Tax ou writ:*, wUl.s. tleedn, ic 4,253.21
Tax on conuin ofHceii 2,463.82
ColIiit.*ral InkerlUbceTax 16,46332
Tax ou act rnoirporntlng Uer. Ref. Congrega'c 10.00 Tax ou act Increa^lofi CapiUl of Culnrnbla Bk 400.00 Ta-v ou net liicor. Coluuihla Manufac'gCo.... 200.00 Piemlninii for Charter lucreaalnn capital of
Coluwihla IJiiuk i I,ft00.00
Taxou l.oau^ (UucM.'er City) 82.0.(17
Accrued iuterest fniro .1. K. Reed, farmer
I'rutbuuotKry .• 32 f."!
SUICIDE OF JACOB HERZOG.-On Sunday: morning last our neually nuiek community waa; startled by a report that Jacob Herzog had oom inUlBdeuicid.by haoRinghimieirin the yard at¬ tached Ij. hi« aJora oil North Qu«en atreet. In a Phort time u buuilred different storie.- were afloat, many of them of tbe most absurd chnracter, and olberj! 9alculated to add to the sorrow «r his .^triqkep. f»nii]y.. Kver since Herzog's alleged com¬ plicity with the robbery of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company'a,cars, he bap been pursued hy a relentlean malignity, wbich was untiring in bunt¬ ing up every aot whtcb could posaibly be made to militate against his character for honesty and in tegrity. Some ot the very m»n whom he aided and aisisted in baeinits, and who atone time were indebted to him for their daily bread, were the most earnest in this unwarrantable crusade.—' Under this peraeoutioR,—although before a tem perate man,—he begao tbe use of spiritoua ]i<iours< aod for a week or more preceediog hia death was constantly under their influence. At theae times he cnnjlantly alhided to bis troubleii and frequently asserted that be could not long en'Jure theiK. On Thursday last at an interview with hii legal ad" vjsers, Messrs. Fordney and Kline, his mind was BO unsettled and hit language lo different from what it had previously been an to leave tba im preB«ion upon tbeir mindd that he meditated suicide. They counaeled and adviied bim to take rest, and when he left them he appeared to be much calmer. On Saturday he was taken so 111,- the effects 'jf exoesaive drinking the night be fore,- Ihal his family physician was called in and pre¬ scribed for him. On the afternoon^of that day, he Sent for one of bis ODunsel (Mr- Kline,) to whom he repreiented that on account of sickness be would he unable to attend court the following Monday, and wished to know how to proceed to havo his trial continued until the April term.— After giving him the necessary inBtruotion, Mr E. len him, satisfied that hia mind was mneh clearer and his general health better than at the previous interview.
Herzog latlsfied from tbe a<lvice of his couneet that there waa Hcaruely a probability of having the trial postponed, again resorted to stimulants, and, ai it subsequently appeared, calmly mode preparations for death. He arranged hia papers* giving minute instructions in regard to bis business in letters directed to hia attorneys and then went to bed. About three o'clock in the morning hia wife missed him, und on going through fonnd that be had left the houae. In the sitting room of tbe fir.it floor, she found several letters ."ealed nnd direcieJ, ami an un-ealed note saying tbat he intended making "way with himself," and where they would find the body. It appears from one of the notes tbat he first selected the old Steam Milt property—which he owned—aa ihe place to com¬ mit the deed, but on account of being disturbed there by the fmrking of dogs, he returned to tbe houae and left another note stating they would find his body iu tbo yard attached to his store.
On discovering the notes Mra. Herzog awakened her neighbor, Mr. Lippincott, who with Mr. Lew¬ is Haldy, proceeded to the place designated where they found the body Fuapended by the neck to a small apple tree which Etood in lho yaitl. It was cold and dtiff aud had been apparently hanging for some time. The Coroner was Immediately notified, ajury summoned, who after hearing the evidence rendered a verdict in accordance with the above related facts. Hia body waa tben re¬ moved to his residence In South Chesnut atreet, from whence it was removed to the Jew's burial ground fur interment on Monday. He leaves al wife and five children—the youngest quite an in¬ fant. Ue was a man of goneroua impulses and devotedly attached to his wife and ohildrefi- I
It is but due to the memory of tbe deceased to aay that in oil his interviews with his legal nd- viaers, he t-oli-midy proieated his innocence "f Iht* crime chrirged Bgidnat him. He solemnly averred to one of hl.-i counsel, hut a few hour.-< liefure his death—and wben, ai it aubaequently appeared,he bad made every arrangement to ''shuffle off thia mortal coil," tbat when he purchased the goods of'Xrumpy, he had no knowledge thnt they were stolen. In a letter found upon hiii table, written immediately before Vu death, and directed to Mr. Newhouae, of tbe firm of Newhouae k Co., Philadelphia, he also affirms hia Innocence, and declarea before God hii innocence of the crime al¬ leged against him. The fenlor member of the above firm—who waa In this city yesterday—saya tbat he had done bnslnes.t with Herzog for many year^, and tb^t he never knew or dealt with a more prompt and honorable man. We conceive it due not only tu the memory of the decea.*=ed hut to the widow and children whom he has left be¬ hind, that tbid bright and houoralile phaje in the character of Jacob Herzog should not ba left un¬ recorded, remembering that in the charity of the world—' mens' virtues ara written'on water, while their mi.-ideeda live on braaa."
PEOCEEDIHGS OF COTTRT. I
The January Term of the Court of Oyer and Terminer -and Quarter Sessions com¬ menced on Monday, before Judges Hayes and Brinton. Forty-one Grand Jurors answered to their namea and were respf'ctively quali¬ fied—J. B. T.ihudy, Esq., of Warwick being
appointed Foraman
Judge Hayes read a long and well written charge to the jury, wbich on accountof con¬ taining nothing of special interest we omit. Mr. Dickey stated that he was prepared to attach the trial of Richardson and Anderson,
PEimSYlVAiriA LEGI8IATUEE.
Habrisruro, Jan. Ifi.
Skxate.—The Speaker presented a memorial from tba JndgeiofthoSnpreme Court, pray¬ ing the Legislature to aboUah the several dis¬ tricts of the Supreme Court, and fix the ses¬ sions for the whole State at some convenient point; whioh was read.
Mr. Wilkins, from the committee on the (-Jndiciarr, reported, as committed, the bill to repeal a supplement to the aot providiujj for the election of District Attorneys.
Also, as committed, the supplement to the act establishing a land oilice, and for other
'^r'Zit'ri^''V-''^-'^^' 'TTucS:frtS^ln^'pJi^^k bill to make rhevhadno.^n"'!';"' nnder«tamlmg that better provi«ion for the panishment of f^Sds ..*T,„^„.?_°'^°°°'«M'« brought th« matter committed by bankers, traflteea and other per-
$16-2,793..'V1
DtirJiig the fauie period the county has drawn
out ofthe State Treasury tbe following amounts;
Forl'on.slouriaudCratuUifls % 5W.01)
ForOimiraon Schools 9,007.90
Fi>r Ahateiaeul orstnleTax .'»,473.r)S
For puhllsliluir propuMed amenduieutH to tlie Cont-tUutton, a» rollow«;
Weekly Bxprew. (two yearB,) 2:19 00
Weekly Tlmec 23000
latelligHDcer 2000O
Examiner 250 00
Volksfrftnud. (ouu yenr) 126.00
Register : UO.flO
1,2.16.00
. The practice of selling out paupers lo the lowest bidder—or rather of putting up at auc¬ tion the undertaking for their support—still prevails, it .seems, in some of the towns of Maine. The Rural Intelligencer, of Gardiner, in that State, calls attention to the sad case of Parker Sheldon, a few years ago one of the. mo-st prominent business men of the State, widely known and highly respected, several times a member of the Legislature, once a member of the Kxecutive (,'ouncil, formerly Collector of the Port of Hath, and Ui« first Mayor of Gardiner afler it became a city In old age and reduced to second childhood, hia bodily and mental powera exhausted, and hJs property all gone, he is now a pauper, depen¬ dent oh a neighboring town, and waa latel^r diaiioied of at auction to the^lowest' bidder fi^r his support. I
$16,318.58
THE WEATHER—Monday ono year ago the good denizens of our city woke up burled three or four feet under RDow. Sunday was the anni¬ versary of the sovoregt snow storm of the severe winter of 1S5G—57, and twelve months ago to¬ day thq weather waa cold enough to freexe to death people who did not keep moving. We don't know how it will he when our readers see this paragraph, hut, at present writing, the weather is soft and mild enough for April, and the star¬ lit sky has the warm cloamess of a sununer'a night. Verily this ia a most extraordinary win¬ ter, but hardly more so in its miidneas than the laet two were in their extreme severity. It is scarcely remarkable If, after two auch winters and auch a late spring and cold summer, we ahould enjoy vory mild weather the present winter.
DON'T FORGET THE LECTURE of Col. Forney on American Statesmen, to-night at Ful¬ ton Hall. A rich intellectual treat may be ex¬ pected, and aa tha lecture ii for the benefit of b he Howard Association, every body should make it a matter of duty to be present.
WENT TO THE INAUGURATION.—The Fencibles, Captain Duchman, attended by their Brasa Band, left this city on Monday afternoon for tho purpoae of witnessing the inauguration ceremonies at Harridburg.
THE MURDER XRIAL-Tbe trial of Ander¬ son and Hicbnrdson ia set down for Thursday. In our next issue we will give a full report of the testimony, ic.
THE LATELY ELECTED PROTHONOTARY
William Carpenter, Esi]., took poaaesiion of bis ofHce on Friday laat. He haa appointed C. R- Frailey and W. S. Parrow Clerki. The former will officiate as Couit aod the tatter aa office Cterk-
A SHOOTING AFFAIR —On Saturday night lat^t a .¦'booting affair took place at Kauffman's mill, a few milea wei<t of tbta eity, which gave rise to an innumerable number of mysterloua and bloody storiea. One vertdon of tbe affair waa that a deaperate negro was loitering about the prem. iaes for eome time, and that hia intentlona were thought to be bad, and hence the proprietor of the mil! made arrangcmenta to give him a warm reception if he Httempttid any overtoct. On Sat¬ urday night from some mysterious knockinga around and about the mill, he concluded that an onset was about to be made, and hence gun in hand ta<ik a position where ha commanded a full view of the premiae.s. Shortly after a figure waa observed standing in a very .xuspicioua position, aod mynheer, the miller, ordered it off. Refusing to obey, he took aim—fired and the figure felt SatiiiQed that he had ahot bia man, he gave the alarm', the neighbors assembled and preparation made to examine tlie body. Everything beiug ready, lights were procured and tbe self conatl tuted jurors drew near to examine the features of the hold robber. A airigle glance, however, aufficed to ahuw tbat the wiiole party bad been " aold ;" that the dead man was a man of straw clothed in a coat of many colors wiih vest and pant^i to match. On the ground lay tbe remaii of a abnoklng bad hnt. Tbe remaina of the robbe^ were quickly and ijuietly dLspoeeff of, while the spectators suddenly left, with a determination uot to believe any slory of robbers ifC,, which they might chance to hear in the future.
FATAL ACCIDENT —We learn from the Daily Times that a sad accident occurred in Donegal township, about one mile from the village of May- town, on Saturday last, which resulted in the death of a son ofthe Kev. Mr. Brubaker, reaidlng on the road from Donegal to Mount Joy. The young man waa ubout iH years of age, and waa eent to Maytown oa busineiia. On hia way home, tbe horae he was riding fell nnd rolled on the young man; ou ritting, he ran aome diatance witb tbe young man, whose foot had caught in the atirrup dragging him on tbe ground; hut was finally atopped by a young man named Williams, and young Brubaker was released and taken to tha hou'ie of hia parents, where be aurrived but a few hours.
PARTRIDGES.—The aeason for ahooting this bird il over, and from the very few that we have aeen, we imagine but few were killed. The Inst two severe winters made aad havoc ond there were few to kill. AVe hope that our farmers will extend a kind hand to thoae which remain, and should any wretch be detected in destroying them, deal out to him tbe extreme penalty of the law. So of pheasants—also a moat worthy and excel lent bird, and much to bu admired, living or dead. Let thoae whioh yet live, live on, and raise inter¬ esting broods for nnzt fall. Give all theae a chance about grain stacba, and a aheaf or two Of oatt, placed within reach, haa been found highly acceptable. We speak from motives comparative* ly disinterested, for we are no sportsman, and have not on our conscience the sin of ever having killed one or tbe otber, though we may have been 'an accetiory after the fact.
CHANGE OF RAILROAD TIME.-Ou Monday a new time-table went into operation on the Penn¬ iylvania Railroad. The most important and only material change is in the slow line east, which now leaves this station at 1.40 instead of 3 50 in the altemuon, as heretofore.
OVER-HEATED ROOMS.—The extraordinary mildness of the season has caused some predictions of aicknegs^-yrhich are likely to be forwarded in their fulfilment by the unhealthy temperature at which people usually keep their rooms. Almost every parlor into which one enters is ao heated that tho comer in feels very uncomfortable for some minutes, though he may gradually becomi so accustomed to It as to get through a visit, or if a lady, may find relief in the use of a fan. If the annoyance it too severely,felt, the mistress of the house will perhaps apologize by saying that the servants never know how to reg'ohito tbe fur¬ nace, ttc. Truly, tbe artificial beat generated in our city dwelling houses, in this weather, is as great as ifthe thermometer stood at zero. What most be the effect of living in such an atmosphere ? It is torture to those who come from the open air- it is a sure poison to thofc who accutitom them- lelves to its enervation. We saw a lady, whoso magnificent drawing rooms were heated thus, etepping to the front door, on a bright, mild morn Ing, for an instant, return ahivering, and call lor a ahawl. Uow long will human nature hold out againat such a cruel war on her laws ? And the poor little children, who are forced to stay In- doora, suffering such heat, and sufibcation, be¬ cause Bridget has no time to take Ihera out! How many unconscious Herods there are, to whose " alaughter of tbo Inniioenta" the Jew's waa ten der mercy and loving kindness !
NEW PUBLICATIONS.—Tub American Al¬ manac Kou 1858. Boaton : Cro?bv, Nichols A Co.
The American Almanac for the present year bas just been Issued. This annual is the moat care 'ully prepared and Komprehensive work of the kind 'jublished in thia country. Nowhere else can be lound collected such full det:nl3 re.ipecting the. executive and judiciary, the finances, schools, charitable inatitutions and pauperism and crime of the aeveral Stater, statistics ofthe revenue and coinage, abatracta of the puhllc laws of the United Stated, a digest and alphabetical arrangement of the tariff, an army and navy list, and a multitude of other faota connected with the federal and Stato government There ia also much valuable matter, concerning the governments of Europe, an annual necrology, <ic. Tbe accuracy and fullness of tbe astronomical observations ure well known. In no almanac aro these calculations more perfect and reliable. As a compendium of actrouomlcal, meteorological, atatisticnl and political facts thia almanac is Invaluable. It has now been published for twenty nine aucueaslve years, a.* ita reputation is firmly established Sold nt ibe book stores.
to the notice of the Court in order tbat coun sel might be assigned them. Subsequently the Court appointed Messrs. Harris and Pyfer to take charge of the oaae.
On motion of Messrs. FordoHy and Kline the Court exonerated Dr. H. B. Bowman, bail of Jacob Herzog, as they were ready to prove the death of-Mr. Herzog. Dr. Henry Car- punter was then called and upon being aworn, testified, that he had examined the body of Herzog and found him dead. The Court tbtfreupon relieved tbe bait id all casee of the Com. vs. Jacob Herzog.
The lirat case called waa a surnty of the peace in which two darkie.s—one molaasess and water colored—-re.sident9 of this city were the principle actors " The Green eyed monster" according to the testimony waa the boIb cause of the difficulty, Ebony alleging that molasaess color aeduced from his lawful bed her loving lord and master. Case dis¬ missed and connty for coats.
Com. vs. Henry Levan. The defendant in this case waa a young german jew, step¬ brother of Jacob Herzog, aud waa indicted for robbing the freight cars of the Pennsylva¬ nia railroad company. Our readers will rec¬ ollect that the Express freight train was robbed on the night of the 25th of August laat, and that the stolen goods were snbee- qnently recovered at the store of Herzog in this city. The principal witness wss a (?er- mau uani«d Trumpy, who was concerned in the robbery, but who subsequently turned States' evidence. His testimony was clear aud pointed in regard to the robbery and left no doubt of the defendant's participation in it. He detailed with the greatest uiinutB- neSR all the clrcnmstanees of the robbery, the conuection of Levan with it, and the sale of the stolen goods to Her;!Og. Ilia tcBtiioo- ny was fully corrolK.rated by other witnesses. As the details of tbirf robbery aud the arrest of some of tho parties concerned in it, are Still fresh iu the recollection of our readers we deem It useless to give a repetition, filesars. Fordney and Kline appeared for the defendant, but offered no testimony. Tbe ca.4e was left without argument to tbi) jury who after a few minutes absence rr^turned with a verdict of guilty.
Andrew Jackson Jiemich, au old offender, and a small mulatto boy named Williani Green, \Aviid guilty to a charge of stealiui; a Wiigou iu the borough of Columbia. The former, to hia infinite disgust, was sent the County prison, aud the latter lo the House of Refuge.
Isaac IVolfenberger, of tbe borough of Marietta, indicted for selling lager beer con¬ trary to law, plead guilty aud was sentenced to pay a fine of .S-'iOaiid costs.
Catharine Shoviber, the female thief who committed a series of robberies in this city on last Chrislmas day, plead gnilty on tbree indictmenta, and was sentenced to live months Imprisonuieut respectively.
Com. vs. Peter Miller. Tlie defoudant was a rather odd looking daik»y, bailing from the borough of Marietta. IU vra^ iudicted for stealiug a stove, bed quilts and otber ar¬ ticles from a canal boat belonging to Dr. Cushman of Marietta. The evidence left no donbt of his guilt. Sentenced to five mouths imprisonment In the couuty prison.
IVm. Jones, a lad 17 or J8 years of age, was ci.nviclfd of the larceny of two five dol¬ lar bill.-;, the pro|>erty of auolber iad iianieil William Daly. The theft was committed on a canal boat between Falmouth and Marietta in November last, and the money subsequent¬ ly found in his possession. Sentoucedto six months iu the County Prisou-
Francct Hays, a young lady, wa.; arraigned for malicious mischief in setting lire lo the Town Hull, Columbia. Verdict guilty.
Elijah Boston, was brought up ou a surety for good behaviour, on cnmplaiut of Ann Beck, who testified that Boston came to her door on one occasion, and followed her ou several other.-;, making iiupn.persollcitations, which she resented as an insult- Elijah was ordered to give surety in $100 to bo of good behavior for three imnuhs.
Henry Watkins, (colored, of Columbia) was arrauged on a cbarg.i uf Bnrglary, as ouo of tbe partie.-i coucerntd iu the robbery of the store of John K. Diffenbach, iu the borough nf Marieiia, on the 17th of Decem¬ ber. The only witneris i;alled by tbe Com¬ monwealth was Mr. Diffrubach. who made out the ca.se by relating the facts in the case substantially as published a day or two after the arrest. Venliet, Guilty.
A colored desperado named Clarkaon Pleaa- autd was arraigned for liigbway robbery, and plead not guilty. Thomas Hendricks, au old German soldier aud Shoemaker, testified that in tbe early part of December, the defendant, iu company with another negro, robbed him of two pair of shoes on the public highway between SpringvIUe and Columbia. The case was clearly made o'ut aud the jury returned a verdict of guilty.
Pleasants' accomplice, George Clark, was next arraigned on the same charge, the evi-' dence beiug substautlally the same, aud the jury alao returning a verdict of guilty.
jJESTEXCES.
Clarkson Pleasants and Geo. Ciark for highway robbery, were each seuteuced to three years iu Ihe Eastern Penitentiary
Henry Watkins, for tho Marietta robbery, was also sentenced to tbree years in the Easteru Penitentiary.
Frances Hays, for malicious mischief, was sentenced lo wine months in the Couuty Prison.
Tho next ease was a surety of pt'aee cross action suit, iu which Andrew Travo and Catharine Kellerin turn played the partof prosecutor and defendant This casp excited much amusement. Mrs. Keller is a tenant of Travo, and she ^ays he tried to get into her honse ; he gets " tight" and is subject to convulsious ; was noisy and swore, when the watchmen ended the comedy by arresting him. Travo iu turn swore that Mrs. Keller threatened to tear the eyes out of his head, and attacked him io a neighbor's store. Each ordered to pay cists aud held in their owu recognizance to keep the peace for three months.
sons entrusted with property, which, on hia motion, was ordered to be published in the Legislative Record.
Mr. Ely, one to consolidate certain funds for achool purpo.=ies in Newton, Bucks county.— Also, on leave, presented a petition on the subject.
Mr. McClure moved that tbe House reconsi¬ der the vote given yesterday, by which the bill providing for the pnrchaae of an executive mansion was defeated, which was agreed to— yeas 49, nays 30.
The qnestion on the final passage of the bill
again coming up, the bill waa defeated a 8,econd
time, by a tie vote. ^
Mr. Donovan offered the following resolution:
Resolved, That after the expiration of tbe
term of the present Governor, the salary of
the Governor of thia Commonwealth ahall bo
five thonaand dollars per annum, and all the
laws inconHiatent herewith are hereby repealed.
The.House refused to read the resolution a
second time, by yeaa 13, naya ^8,
Mr. Hodgson moved that all the officers of the House employed contrary to law be discharged; and that the compenaatiou now paid to them be added to the salary of the Governor.
The House refused to read the resolution a second time.
Mr. Struthers offered the following resolu¬ tions, which the House refused to rearl a second titne
Resolved, That the salary of the Governor be $4500, .and all laws' inconsistent therewith be and are hereby repealed.
Mr. George movedto reconsider the vote by which the resolution relative to closing the halls on the Sabbath, was defeatetl, which wan not agreed to.
The Secretary of the Commonwealth pre¬ sented two messages, in writing, from the Gov¬ ernor, one enclosing the annual statement of the affair.^! of the Pennsylvania Lunatic Hospit¬ al, and two reports from the Commiasioner.-^ appointed to examine the condition of the Bank of Pennsylvania, the lattar of whicn wa.s read, aud onlered to be published in the Rec- oul.
.18.
Robber Suot bv a Womax.—About :j o'clock Wednesday afternoon a well dressed man oal led at the farm-house of Joseph H. Adams, in North Andover, Mass. and inquired if tho men were at home. He waa answered by the woman —who with her son recently from Nova Sco. tia occnpy the place—that no one was at home excepting herself. She supposed that he tben went away ; but a short time after she noticed a wagon in the yard and the same man in the act of putting a bag of corn into it
She thereupon ran out aud ordered him away and attempted to m.ike him drop the com—but he knocked her down and kicked her. She soon recovered herself and sounded tho dinner horn. The fellow, however, took no notice of thia but kept on with another bag of com. She then seized a gun, ran through the honse to the back part, and opened a win¬ dow and flred at tha arm in which he held the bag. Tbe thief dropped the bag, cried murder, and with an oath threatened lo kill her. He soou got into his wagon and went away leaving a bloody track to his wagon.
Th»* fellow wore a Buffalo top coat, a black Kossuth hat, and otherwise appeared to be well dresied.
HAXIEL GU01>, the newly elected County Commissioner, waa dworn Into office and took hia seat at the Board on Monday, in place of Wm- C. Worth, whofe term has expired.
PARDONED.—IsiUic Wisner, convicted last spring of receiving goods stolen by his daughter Hetty, nnd who has been in prison ever since, was yesterday pardoned by Gov. Pollock.
EviDE.vcE OF I.vsASiTY.—A sUghtly droll in- cidentoccurrod on Thursday last in thy jirogress ofthe Smith trial at Philadelphia. One ofthe witnesses was upon the inland, undergoing n series of questions relative lo the prisoner's insanity. He stated that, al his last inter¬ view with Smith, which w.is just previous lo the tragedy, Smith entered his place ofbusi ness in a stale of great excitement, talking incoherently, .and changing his subject with bewildering frequency. He talked in one breath about Virginia, cabinet ware, and marriage, and wound up by soliloqui.^Jng about Kansas, aud damning the -Administra¬ tion. Mr. David Paul Brown, the counsel for the i)risoner, then asked the wilne.-;s " if I didn't think from all this tbat the prisoiii-r was insane ?" The reply wai—*' Yes.cert.ainly: I could arrive at no other conclusion.'* Mr. Brown—"But didn't you consider him iiisan^, because he dainued the present Administra¬ tion ?" Oh ! no; be was quite ralion.al there. All sensible ppople, I believe, do that." Had tho occasion been one of less solemnity than th» trial of a murdsr case, the quesiion aud reply would have " brought down the house." As it was, anumborofoffice seekers who were leaning against the walls, looked very much discoucerted at tho fact that the only Jucid demonstration made by a raadmau shonkl take the shape of invective against the powers at Washington.
Another wilneXs offered tho following " ele¬ ment" of the high-minded aud honorable character of the prisoner:
" I don't recollect anything he said that a high-minded, honorable mau would uot have said had he l>een so deceived in a wife: the only expression he used wa«, "Come and take a drink."
AMeiificine, scientifically compounded, which perfii?^ all it promises, and la recomended by persons of thu highest respectability, do- sejved our confidence. Such a medicine is the Oxygenated Bitters. Sure cure for Dyspepsia. Had some Mosbt.—A good atory is told of a Miohigan man who recently went dowu into Indiana to by a droveof horses. He was absent longer than be intended, and failed to meet a baaiuess engagement. Ou beiug rather re¬ proached for not being bome, he made due apology; "I tell yon how it was *Squire, at every darned little town they wanted me lo stop and be President of a bank^'
Verdict ik the Carter Mordbb Cahe.—The jury in the case of Tom. Wash. Smith, charged with the murder of Carter, in PhiladelpWa, yesterday rendered a verdiot of not guilty.— This was generally expected.
MosDAv, Jan.
BILLS READ IS PLACE.
Sesatk.—Mr, Bell read a bill iu place, to re¬ peal an act to authorize the stockholders of the West Cheater and Philadelphia Railroad Company lo make pajrment ou their mortga¬ ges, and moved that it be immediately taken up ; which was agreed lo. Mr. Bell explained the object of the bill. The bill then passed its several readings. Mr. Steele read a bill, a further supplement to the act of 13th April, 13(77, relating to strays.
Mr. Wilkina one, supplementary to the act for the sale and conveyance of real estate, parsed 18th April, 1853.
Ou motion of Mr. Cresswell, House bill lo incorporate the Trout Run Coal and Iron Com¬ pany, was taken up.
Mr. Buckalew moved to add a new section, that the charter shall continue for twenty years, and no longer; which was agreed to ; and the bill passed finally.
Mr. Cofley called np Senate bill to incorpor ate the Supreme Grand Council of the Inde¬ pendent Order of the Sons of Malta.
Mr Bell i-alled for som** information in re¬ gard to the object aud character of this bill.
vVr. Coffey f xplained the purposes and char¬ acter of the bill. It was entirely a charitable iiistitulion.
Mr. Bell said that perhaps he owed tbe Sen¬ ator an apology for calUing upon htm, au<l ex¬ pressed himself satisfied with the explanation. He had not been aware of the existence of such a society. He approved of its objects, but ho was not altogether satisfied of the ne¬ cessity of its incorporation. It could prose¬ cute its works of charity without an act of in¬ corporation.
Aud being on its final passage, it was nega¬ tived—yeas 13, uays 14, as follows :
Yeas—Messrs Brewer, Coffey, Cresswell, Evans, Finney, Francis, Harris, Ingram, Mar- selis, Randall, Shaeffer, Souther and Wilkins —13.
Nays—Messrs Buckalew, Ely, Fetter, Knox, Laubach, Miller, Mver, Rutherford, Scofield, Steele, Straub, Turuey, Wright and Welsh, Speaker^U.
The Secretajy of the Commonwealth was in¬ troduced, and presented a message from the Governor, .stating that he bad .approvcu and aigueJ. the following bills:
An act to change the place of holding elec¬ tions iu tho village of Canton, Bradford couniy. An act relative to elections in the township of Benziuger, Elk couniy.
Au act providing for the pay of retiring olE- cers of the Legislature.
UOtJSE A.ME.VDMEST3.
Tho amendments of the House to the bill for the purchase of a Governor's mansion, were considered. Concurred in some, and non-con curred in others, autl sent back lo the Hou.'e.
Mr. Buckalew moved that the Senatu take a recess till twenty minutes of one o'clock.— He said it was important that they should meet again, to act finally upon the bill relative to a Governor's mansion, should the amend¬ ment he acted upon by the House, and the bill be returned lo the Senate. Agreed to.
Re-assembled twenty minutes before oue : when the Clerk of the Honse returned said bill, with information that the House insisle'l ou its amendments ; and.
On motion of Mr. Buckalew, the Senate receded from its non-concurrence, and the bill passe^l finally.
Tho ameiuUneuts of the House provide l\jr appointment of a committee of three member.-^ of each House, In conjunotiou with the Secre- Ury of the Commonwealth, Auditor General and Surveyor General, to purchase a house for tho reaideuce ofthe Governor, without regard to location, and report lo the Legislature; the purchase to be approved and coufimied by that hody.
The Speaker appointed Jlessrs. Buckalew, Souther and Wright the committee on the part of the Seu.'ite.
nOl-SE Of KEI'RESESTATIVES. (JOVERSOR'S M-WSIOS.
Mr. Ramsey moved to re-consider the vole given on Saturday lant, by which the Bill pro¬ vidiug for the purchase of a Governor's Man¬ sion was negatived.
Mr. Williston enquired of the Speaker whether snch a motion, after the bill had been lost twice, could be entertained.
The Speaker answered that it could and re¬ ferred to the .Tournals of the last House in which the House decided that a bill could be re-considered, even if it bad been lost a second timH.
The bill wa.s then re-considered by a vote of .'»."» yeas lo ;13 nays.
Mr. Ramsdell expressed surprise tbat a bill of this kiml should be urged jt this pre.-^ent tlme,he cared nothing for the reconiniendation of the different Governors, they had never re¬ commended tbe purchase of a house which In.' considered entirely unfit for the Governor of the Stato to live in. He considered Gen. Packer too good a looking mau to be placed on oue side of a grave yard. The democrats opposed a few d.ays ago tbe printing of the regular number of the Governor's message on account of economy, and uow they were willing to spend elev-en thousand dollar's for an Execu¬ tive Mansion, and before long other appropria¬ tions would be asked for to put the ImildiiiL'S in proper repairs, and if he were lo vote for the bill now he would consider it cruel not lo vote (or .IU appropriation to put in proper order, otherwi.se the members of this House might be accused of a conspiracy, having been formed for the purpose of killing the Governor, by compelling him to live along side of a giave yard.
On the final passage of the bill the yeas and nays were demanded which resulted iu tbo passage of the bill by 41) yeas to 38 nays.
-STATE TKEASUHEK.
The Speaker of the Senate called the con¬ vention to order, and the members voted fi*r Slate Treasurer, as follows :
Henry S. Magraw received S4 votes.
I.saac Benson received 39 votes.
iiOVEItXOn'S MA.NSIO.V.
The Clerk of the Senate returned the bill relative to the purchase of a Governor's Man¬ sion, with the iufomialton that the Senate ha.l stricken out the House amendment, which pro¬ vided fur the appointment of a committee of three on tho part of each House, and the sub- uiissiou of the contract for the satisfaction of each body.
A motion was then made that the House re- cede from their amendment, which was not agreed to.
Mr. Jackman tben moved that a committee of three be appointed to coufer with the Sen¬ ate comtoiittee on the subject; and Messr.-;. Jackman, Strnthers and Jenkins were appoint¬ ed said committee.
NisKrEE-x Mo.NTiis Without Food—Deatu.— We learn from the Albany Times that Mrs. Hayes, ofthe town of Day, Saratoga county, N. Y., whose case we detailed some time since, and who had lived nineteen months without food or drink, died a week or two ago. Shu remained insensible for fifteen months of the period, aud up to a few daya of her deatli, wiieu she seemed lo revive, and spoke occasionally. After her death, her body was opeueJ anda snake five feet long aud half an inch thick waa taken from tho stomach: It was alive when removed but died soon after. The case la a very remarkable one, and it is to be regretted that it was not subjected to scientific examina¬ tion.
