Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent

              %outh Koreans Take 420 Prisoners from U.S.Guards
,
A Paper For The Home
SUNDAY INDEPENDENT
HOT, HUMID
Temperature  m  PCs. Mond*y Ooudy, Cooler.
47TH YEAR — NO. 34 — ^4 PAGES
Mrmb^r Audit Bnrmu of CIrcalation*
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, JUNE 21,1953
tnOTBD PRKSK
Wire N«w»   S«r»l««
PRICE FIFTEEN CENTS
Gleaming Guardians Hover over Japan
A flight of U. S. Air Force F-94 Starfire jft.s gleam in close formation as It streaks to lt« home base in Japan. Employing performers like these, the Japan Air Defense Force maintain* a constant vigil, safeguarding the country from possible attack.
lAFI EXPECTS GOPf^g's'ature May Adjourn
Without Passing Tax Bifi
IN I-H LABOR LAW
Possibility of Special Session in '54; Talk of Another Sales Tax Vote or even Revival of Wage Tax—it's '51 over again
The   American   and   the   West
Berlin   newspaper  men  sai.d  that
hundreds"   of    East   and   West
Berlin   workers   still    are   under
arrest.
The American was Rudolf Kaas, 22, of Cedarhurst, N. Y., who was turned over to West Berlin police by the Communists last night.
Kass, bprn in Magdeburg, Grer- many,   the  scene  of  bloody  riots during the workers uprising, is a ice. student at the Free University of Say IJ Executed West Berlin. Photographed Riot
He said he was arr.'sted Wed¬ nesday while taking photographs of armed Communist guards at the border  of the American  arvd
See 15 Amendments To Meet Objections Of Labor Movement
HARRISBURG—The salea tax idea at leaat Is showing great stay¬ ing power.
,    Last week ono leader of the House Republicans said it would be
I brought up again, but it is taken for granted that this will be the
j case only if GOP boi,Sbs are «ure they have the voters to pass it.
It also is certain that any gain from the 94 to 102 dffoat the sales
tax suffered last time will have to be made from among Republicans
WASHINGTON   Senate Repub-! The Democrat* will not give it a vote.
.can leader Robert A^ Taft «'d; ,,^1^-"^,- Tnire'^r"" ^^"t thr^u.h to solve the probiem. be wrpect, the Repubhcan Pro-.^i, ^*^, ^^^ ^^^^^tion whichL^***"'"^^^ t'-^""'"•"P""'.'"*'",='"'!« tram of labor legislation to call pervades Capitol Hill, and which '^^ *'?'*'"* P^""^ "" "i,^^"}'' * for   about   16   Taft-HarUey   Law!condition aliTo is indicated  in thel'"=^^*'«  ""   "^'^'"f  '^'^   tobacco,
amendment- - most  of  them  toj I'^i.stence by some that the tx-gis-,^ ^""^^ P"P ^^ ^"^' » "^^'^^ "" "" amendment-       most  Of   them  lo,^^   ^^   Ljourntd   on   Aug.   ]!">corporated  business.
meet  coraplalnu   from   labor.       |^^^^  ^^^^^   may-with   a  special f^<^ Opposition
Most of these have fervent op-
Soviet zones of Berlin. He said the Reds took his camera and all his poss<'ssions, including his American passport.
He made that statement to re-iseggjon  ^^ i,e held  next year to porter* after an earlier comment'pass tax bills. that he thinks there U a "pretty! WiU Help Democrats
In view of the fact that this wouid play right Into the hands of tile Democrata  in  an election
food  chance" GOP congressional leaders and administration spokes¬ men cam agree on a set of amend- minta. Member ef Committee
A« eo-author of the art. Taft is one member of an .informal committee set up at a conference with President Eisenhower on Friday to draft an administration program  of  labor  legislation.
This group al.so Includes Chair¬ man H. Alexander Smiih (R-.V.J.) of the Senate labor committee, Chalrmah Samuel K. McConnell jr., <R-Pa.) of the House labor eommlttee, Secretary of Com¬ merce Sinclair Weeks. Secretary of Labor Martin P. Durkin, and White.House counsel Bernard M. Shanley.
Taft aaid he thinks the group ean agree on perhaps 15 Taft- Hartley amendments and "the ma¬ jority will be leaning in the di¬ rection of labor."
ponents.
It is felt by many that tobacco and cigarets are taxed enough al ready—since   taxes   now   account for  more than  half the price
The soda pop tax has too many pledged against it. In addition, it is argued that tf the House can't pass a Ifr sales tax on other things, why should it impose a 20'>  ."iales tax on ju.st one thing
The unincorporated business tax has    stirri'd    up    a    considerable hornets'   nest   which   makes   pas sape seem  at least unlikely.
The suggestion that the sales As a result, notjtax he put before the pfofsle at mixture   can   be'        (Continued on Page A-8
year, it also servea to give a picture of the state of mind of tbe Republicans.
Back of it all and the main reason for persisting hope for a sales tax and also tbe willingness to   adjourn   without   solving   tho
financial trouble is the fact that
it ts practically certain the hodge¬ podge tax plan cannot be passed.
Too many people are opposed to too mucli of it. enough   of   the
Mother Claims Bodies
Funeral of Rosenbergs In Brooklyn Today
Durkin Objecting
NE!W YORK, - - The ijodies ofiatom secrets that enabled the Julius and Ethel Roeenberg, whoj Reds to make their first Atom paid with their lives for betraying ibomb far ahead of si^hedule. He disclosed that Durkin is "b-; their country, were claimed by hisi Mr.«. Sophie Rosenberg, who had Jecting to proposals wNch would|n^othPr yesterday and brought tojstood by hor son and daughtci-in- nariow the coverage of the fed-U,^^ York to "lie In state" from ,aw to the end, did not go to Sing *ral labor relations statue andU p^ „„til their public funeral at Sincr Prison at Ossining N. Y.. yield more authority to the atates.U p.^   today. Uo milee north of New York City.
The labor people seem to pre-j    Sponsors   of  the   long   fipht   tojto claim the bodies personally. A
fer the Taft-Hartley Law" to •tatutes enacted by state legis¬ latures, he said.
Although   Taft-Hartley   amend¬ ments    have   long    been    on    the
win clemency for the husb.ind- and-wife espionage teajn also an¬ nounced thet later a monument would be ereoted "in honor of the RosenberRS
Brooklyn undertaker sent a hearse to remove the bodies from the prison morgue and carried them away at 3:40 p.m.  KDT.
Theodore Jacobs, a spokesman for the "National Committee to Secure Justice in the Rosenberg Case," announced funeral plans for the couple
"They will lie in etate with honor guards from various bor¬ oughs who will relieve each other everv two hours all night long from 9 p.m. tonight until J ;30 to morrow at the I. J. Morris funeral j his mind,
100,000 German Workets Reported in New Revolt
Uranium l\Ainers Disarm Police, Red Leader
BERLIN, Sunday—West Berlin newspapers yesterday reported the revolt of 100,000 German workers in the East German Saxony uranium mine area and the lynching of the head of a Soviet zone local state security police leader.
The British-licensed newspaper Telegraf said that the 100,000 workers disarmed 2.000 Communist East German police and declared a general strike.
The newspaper reports came as an American atudent an,d two West Berlin newsmen were released by Communist authorities Saturday night after being held under arrcet ilnce the bloody riots in  East Berlin Wednesday.
The Amerioan student eaid he waa marched to a field command post inside the Soviet aector where he again was questioned. He was taken to a precinct police station where he was held and questioned for many hours.
The West Berlin newsmen were identified as E^nst August Moeh- lau an.d Bruno Sebcz^—reporters for the West German News Serv-
I
Telegraf said that 12 workers In the Saxony uranium mines had been shot by Russian firing squads in reprisal for the uprising.
The newspaper also reported the three workers had been shot and 120 woundd In Leipzig, in the Soviet zone, during demonstra¬ tions by 60,000 anti-Communist (Continued on Page A-2)
Lehman Carries Fight to McCarthy
MILWAUKEB, Wis. —Sen. Herfeeit Lehman (D-N.Y.) yes¬ terday charged that Sen. Joseph McCarthy and his followers have "little concern for the real Communist threat" and would adopt "the evil means of Com¬ munist strategy" to gain power for themselves.
Lehman urged 900 Wisconsin Democrats at the Jefferson- Jackson Day dinner here to "discard the straight-jackets of panie and hysteria and fight the evil which broods over our land."
McCarthy recently charged Lehman with abuse of his sen¬ atorial mailing privilege. Leh¬ man, in turn, accused Mc<Uarthy of the aame thing and yesterday brought his figlit to the Wis¬ consin Republican's home state.
EISENHOWER GEISIBRADLEY URGES III
Eisenhower   administrations   pro-RiWRlan Program .Speeded
gram, congressional action has! The two were electro'nrted at been stalled by lack of administra-j Sing Sing Prieon just before sun- Uon   recommendations. Idown   Friday.   They   gave   Russia
Russian Sea Captain Describes U.S. Ports Teeming w/t/i Beggars
LONIX>.V-The    Moscow    radio]    But    Valchuk    really    went    to told   .vesterday.   in   a  Commur ist-j town  over Los   ' ".^rt-'les. ityle    iraveloguc, , how    Comradejj^jriking Lie
Valchuk, a Soviet ship captain,! -rhe first thing that struck us," law New York and I^.-i Angeles.;Valchuk was quoted as saying, He didn't like them. I'^was   that   12   and    13   year   old
To   Valchuk,   according   to   thei juveniles   were   working r
Broadcast. Xew York was a cityi with adult dock workers, over- *f starving, beggir.;, cl;i ijOB; straining   themselves   because   of
Angeles  was  an  oil-soaked   placejthe  heavy w. ight. Bent  together, »f  misery  where  emaciated   chil- ihcy    drag:ged    themselves    along iren   must   do   heavy   labor   and]carrying huge  crates, families   live   in   shanties   or  oldj    "As   in   other   capitalist   coun- automobile   bodies. i tries,    juveniles    receive    smallc
Oozing Sympathy wages for their work than ad•¦"•i.|    WASHINGTON — The    senior
"When our ship anchored in "Los Angeles Is a town of oil.I, House Democratic farm leader New York they used to come tolt is covered with r"- 'ts and a:%aid Agriculture Secretary Ezra In wfriole groups," Valchuk was!particularly large number of'T, Benson's attempt to get a luoted as .saying, "The sailors|th.:>m are in the workers' suburbs,]"flexible" price support law is ihared their food  with them and Description of Houses doomed in this Congress.
die eyes of these poor small suf-' "Here the air is always satur- Rep. Harold D. Cooley (N.C), ferers would fill with tears when|a^-d with the smell of oil. Near'ranking minority member of the they received cereals and rich^the harbor we saw the dwellings!House agriculture committee, said Ukrainian  bortsch." ; of the dock worker.'s. It is difficult'Congress  will  rebuff  the   admin-
—¦   to   describe   them   as   dwellings—| istration   on   the   issue   and   pre-
ismall huts knocked top;   'i^' fromldicted   that   persistence   on   Ben-
j plywood and old rusty ear bodies san's  part will kick  back on the
In  which the wor'.ters lived, i(jOP   in   next   year's   elections-
home," Jacobs said. Buried in I^ng Island
Burial will take place at about 4,30 p,m, at Wrllwood Cemeter>', Pinelawn, Long Lsland, Jacobs said.
The elder Mrs. Rosenberg and Mrs. Teesie Greenglass, Ethel's (Continued  on  Page A-8)
ON PROFITS TAX
Gets Cold Shoulder On Personal Plea To Rep. Reed
WASHINGTON — President Eisenhower tried to persuade Rep. Daniel A, Reed (R-N.Y.) to drop his opposition to extension of the excess profits tax today but ap¬ parently got nowhere.
The two met for 45 minutes at the White House. Neither had anything to say about the dlscus- eion. An Informed .>iource said they reached no agreement. How¬ ever, they, will confer again at some later time.
Reed is chairman of the tax- writing House ways and means committee. He has bottled up a bill to extend the excess profits tax on corporations from Its ex¬ piration date, June 30, until Dec. 31.
After his meeting with Mr, Els¬ enhower, the gruff New Yorker would say only: "We had a very friendiV visit; I'm not discussing it at all."
Mr. Eisenhower Invited Reed to the White House in a personal effort to sway him from his op¬ position to extension. Its expira¬ tion will mean a heavy loss of revenue—about J800,000,()00 in the six-month period—just when the administration is trying to get the budget into some semWance of  balance.
Reed, angry becauae his bill to cut personal Income taxes next month In.ttead of Jan. 1 has been blocked, has refused to let his committee act on the extension request. Martin Also Fails
House Speaker Joseph W. Mar¬ tin   jr.   aKso  made   another  effort to persuade Reed Friday to change Reed stood his ground.
DEMOCRATS WARN GOP ;. ON FARM POLICIES
WTiat irks the Republican lead ers Is their confidence that the House would approve the exten¬ sion if it were reported out of committee and brought to a floor vote.
There are waye to get around Reed. Martin could offer a reso¬ lution to discharge the committee from further consideration of the bill. This parliamentary device is rarely used, however. But If Reed persists In hia stand, the drastic move  may be necessary.
FOREI
ROKs Use Tank, Truck Task Force
Clark Gets Orders
Firm Measures if Rhee Tries Truce-Cracking
WASHINGTON.--Gen. Mark W. CTark has been told to take firm measures should President Syngman Rhee try any more truce- upsetting action. It was disclosed on Saturday.
A high-ranking administration official told the United Press that "we are trying every possible means ot persuasion we know to get Rhee back In line during the current tense situation."
"We feel it was encouraging that the Communists did not break off negotiations completely over the prisoner release episode," he said.
We are making every effort to get the prisoners back."
Notwithstanding Rhee's opposi¬ tion to present truce terms. Presi¬ dent Eisenhower is determined to go through with an armistice- signing and to make sure its terms ars respected by the South Korean president and his forces. Hoped For This Week
Hope still was voiced that a truce ending the war, which will be three years old next Thursday, could be signed this week.
Officials conceded that the anti- <!k>mmuni.st prisoners released on Rhee's orders could not all be rounded up. But they said the United States will show its "good
By RUTHERFORD POATS
TOKYO,    Sunday —A    South Korean    army    task    force tanks   and   trucka   released   anti
Communist   prisoners   of   war   at;    ^  key  part of  the  administra ^*!!uf^"5;^o"'!?i.?''xT°".^*'*,'?i!.-l*?-^"°n's strategy to calm Rhee cen
ters  on  the mission to Korea of
faith" by attempting to corral as imany    as    possible    and    Clark, ^'^'f*! United   Nations   commander,  has ihis  instructions.
day by plane for Korea and see Rhee by Wednesday to express to end the war. He is making Mr. Eisenhower's determination the trip as the personal repre¬ sentative of the President and Secretary of State John Foster Dulles. Rhee May Yet Accede
Despite Rhee's attitude, there were hopes he eould be persuaded against prolonging the war or even broadening it and that he will accede to Allied demands that he respect armistice terms.
The final United States decision has not-been reached, informants said, on what action to take if Rhee ignores an armistice and orders his troops to fight on.
One report said Clark had been authorized to impose martial law in dealing with the crisis created by Rhee. But an administration official said this was not so. He pointed out that the United States or the United Nations would not
Walter    S.    Robertson,    assistant
secretary of state for Far Eastern'attempt  to   take   such   a  step   in affairs. jthe territory of another sovereign
Robertson expects to leave Mon- nation.
South Koreans Sntash
General Says Russia Stockpiles A-Bomb,      I Giving Allies Jets
WASHINKlTaN—Grcn. Omar N. Bradley has informed senators that Russia is steadily increasing its atomic bomb stockpile and is now shipping jet aircraft to So¬ viet satellite states.
The outgoing chairman of the joint chiefs of staff aaid that be¬ cause the Russian threat to peace has not diminished, the United States from a military standpoint alone should boost funds for its own Air Force and increaae Mu¬ tual Security Aid. Ootmnlttee Dat«
Bradley's views were made public by the Senate foreign re¬ lations committee tn an 803-page volume of testimony taken om Its $5,318,000,000 version of the for¬ eign aid bllL
The testimony was censored for military security  reasons.
The Senate will debate the big global aid bill in two weeks. The House on Friday approved its own $4,998,000,000 version by a 280 to 108 vote. Stockpiling in Germany
In other points in the testimony Bradley disclosed that the United States Is stockpiling arms and ammunition somewhere in west- em (Jermany with vt-hich to arm the Germans If and when the six nation European defense com¬ munity unified army treaty la ratified. It is a key to western defenses, he said.
Sen. William F. Knowland (R- CtJif.), acting Senate GOP leader, warned administration leaders that a "major scandal" is threat¬ ened because U. S. military equip¬ ment has been sent the anti-Com¬ munist forces in Indochina to the degree that "it is practically run¬ ning out of their ears" and back¬ ing up on the docks. Adequate American supervision Is lacking and there are indications some supplies are being "diverted to spots where it shouldn't go." Blocluide Feared
Najebb Halaby,  deputy deferue secretary for international secur¬ ity   affairs,   disclosed   that   U.   S leaders "calculate"    that in event (C:V)ntinued on Page A-8)
night as 668 more North Koreans broke for freedom from four al¬ lied camps.
Gunfire from "unknown per¬ sons" raked two of the camps. The new escapes brought closer the certain showdown between United Nations forces and South Korean President Syngman Rhee.
The tanks and trucks were used! at  Sang-Mudai   where   420  North: ^J ^% _ _. * _ ^ -'     MAA^m^irm.
Korean, poured through the barb-10IX    WOmfnilflfSIS    /liiuCKS
ed   wire   fenced   of   <3amp   No,   5
past American guards. TOKYO, SUNTDAY — Stubborn
Tanks Train Guns
The tanks kept their guns trained on three sides of the Sang-Mudai camp as the esca¬ pees   boarded   the  trucks.
The Saturday night escapes brought to 27,092 the number of North Koreans who have escaped since Rhee ordered their reie«we against United Nationa orders June 17.
The Pyongyang Communist ra- (Contlnued on Page A-2)
South Korean Infantrymen smash- eel at least six heavily-reinforced Chinese Red attacks on Allied po¬ sitions Saturday in the 15-mile wide bulge the Reds drove into United Nations lines last week.
The week was a costly one for the Allied forces. The Sth Air Force announced It loet 19 jet planes during the week to the Communists—a new high.
Tbe losses included an F-94 Starfire,  the  newest  radsu'-equlp-
Hoover Opposes Feature Of Defense Reorganization
tn Todag's Issue
rittnuifiecl     \—28
Editorial         B—M
Feature Page   B—B
^levies  C—»
Obituary   A—10
Kadio   C—11
*»«ci«l   „-  C—I
Sports       B_l
television  C—11
World War II Cost U. S. 1,125,369 Casualties
WASHINGTON-The final official toll of American battle losses In World War II wsui announced today—1,061,896 cas¬ ualties, including 294,993 dead.
The overall total of all types of military casualties was 1,125,369.
The total was completed with Army announcement of its "We went to look at them more'when  controf of  both House  andj   final   accounting,   showing  936,259  casualties for the Army  and
'~ ¦ ¦ Army Air Force  including 234,874 deaths.
The Navy, Marine Corps and Coaat Guard all have pre¬ viously announced their final casualty tolls.
The World War II list is nearly three times the World War I casualty reckoning of 364,8(X),
The Korean War casualty toll in three years of war, by latest oWidal aecountlnf, is 186,028.
closely and saw  half-naked, hun-'Senate  is  at  stake. !
gry children. One of them, ai Benson has been making strong; small Negro, a little braver than'.attacks on present high-level his -friends, stretched out hisj price support programs. He wants hand and said: "Two cents, mis-iflexibility, a system in which he ter,' We would frequently meet I could lower the support level to such   beggars," ' head off excess production.
WASHINGTON—Former Pres¬ ident Hert)ert Hoover yesterday Joined critics who claim Presi¬ dent Eisenhower's proposed De¬ fense Deipartment reorganization plan will set up a "Prussian-type" central military command.
Mr. (Hoover's opposition to the controversial section in the plan was expressed in a letter to Chairman    Clare    Hoffman     (R-
Valley Scene
Three-ye-ar-old girl trjnng ovt her viother'» new black guede shoes—in a gtreom of water flowing along th» curb on North Main Street.
Gasoline stations opponitn each other on Route 11 in Went Nantieoke, one advertising "Hi- Test, Si.9c" and the other, "Real Hi-Test, Z6.9e" per gallon.
Hot weather season nffieiaXh.l opened in Pittston by little girl (aged about four) scampering down side street bare naked, with father  in pursuiL
Mich.)  of the House government operations committee as it ended hearings   on   the   proposal. Fate of Plan in Doubt
Mr. Hoover's influential voice added to the mounting criticism cast serious doubts on the fate of the  pla«.
The heart of the controversy is a section that would give thhe chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff authority to pick and man¬ age the subordinate working group known as thhe joint staff This group does the spadework in determining military strength levels and in screening issues for discussion by the joint chiefs. That power is now vested in the joint chiefs as a whole. Remarks Misunderstood
Mr. Hoover gaid he intended to stay out of the squabble, "but a misnnderi^tanding regarding a telephone conversation seenas to require that he express his feel¬ ings," This was apparently a ref-
(Oontinued on Page A-2)
ped all-weather night fighter. It may have fallen into enemy hands since it was listed as lo.st to "other causes" by the Sth Air Force.
The Air Force said in the same period Allied pilots had downed 19 Russian-built MIG-15's. prob¬ ably destroyed four and damaged 15 others. ROKs Holding On
Late Saturday night the Amer¬ ican-trained South Koreans were dug in all along the line of the bulge and wi:re resisting almost constant  CJommunist  pres.sure.
Early Saturday the South Ko¬ reans threw back 200 to 300 Chi¬ nese Reds who battled their way up the slopes of Christmas Hill outpost on the eatsern end of the wedge in Allied lines.
In the. early morning fighting at least 156 Chinese were killed in the fighting around the Christ* mas  Hill   position.
At the same time the South Ko¬ reans   smashed   a  red   attack   on "M-1" Hill, adjacent to Christmaa Hill. Creet Changes. Hands
The Communists actually won the crest of the bitterly contested M-1 Hill position at one point in the fighting. However, the South Koreans backed up, re-grouped and jumped off in a counter-at¬ tack which drove the Reds back and regained the hill.
The South Koreans were dug la on one slope of the M-1 Hill po¬ sition with their Red enemies dug in on the opposite slope.
At the other end of the two- mile deep bulge near Sniper Ridge and Capitol Hill, the South Ko¬ reans turned back four Chinese attacks — numbering about 200 men each—against four positions.
RED VIET MINH MAKE BIG ATTACKS ON FRENCH
SAICK>N. Indochina —Commu¬ nist Viet Minh troops launched two heavy attacks on French Union positions in the Red River delta south of Hanoi, the French high command announced.
The sudden increase In Commu¬ nist military activity In the vital rice-rlch region coincided wtth the arrival of a U. S. military mission her% to review American contribu¬ tions to the fight against the In- dochlnese  Reds.
Franco-"Viet N & m e s e forces killed 100 CJommuntet rebels In a sharp clash at Bui Chu, 70 miles south of Hanoi, a communique said. The screaming waves of "liowerfully-armed" relbels were repulsed after a lengthy battle, it  said.
Powerful Viet Minh forces also i>e8ieged the French outpoet of Phuong Khe, north of Phuly which is about 50 miles south of Hanoi, The latest reports said the battle waa still raging and French warplanes were pounding the attackeri.
Dents'Out of Fenders Month: One Way to Keep Down Accidents
DETROIT — This is national D,0,O.F. Month.
The idea of "Dents Out Of Fenders" Month, of course is to drum up business for garage body repair shops. But it also has a public safety aspect.
Automobile dealers reeason that if car owners get mementoes of minor accidents removed and shine up their buggies theyll l>e more careful about how they drive. Treatment Oianges
Remember when your car was new? How carefully you drove, never too close to other cars wait¬ ing for a light to change, to avoid any possible chance of a side¬ swipe, all but stopfied, looked and listened at every intersection and took it easy on bad roads to pre¬ vent stone nicks or too much strain on the springs?
Then came the tragedp of the first dent. The next few bumps came easier and all the time you drove more and more relaxed and —compared to ixiur "new" car days—probably more recklessly.
So the dealers may have a good idea at that. There probably would be a lot few accidents if everyone put his car in tip-top shape and tried to keep it that way.
However, the dealers promoting this national "bumping" cam¬ paign could perhaps be a little more accurate with their slo¬ gan.
There ts hardly a ear on the road today—exce^ those of earty vintage—with wliat H strictly a fender. Take off what passes for a front fender today and you've almost quartered tlie car. Repairs Costly
"That's one reason why people don't hurry to get their cars re¬ paired. It costs too much to get the whole front or left quarter of a car replaced if the fender is be¬ yond "bumping out."
But don't blame the car makers ifor the high cost of fenders. The pubVie wanted streamlining and a raf.'.e-free car. Streamlining re¬ quires large sirctions of seamless metal, Th* same goes to cut down
rattles.   But   up  go   repair   costs