Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent

              A Paper For The Home
SUNDAY
The Weather
Mostly cloudy, cooler, possibly rain; Monday, occasional    rain,    cool.
40TH YEAR, NO. 2S —40 PAGtiS
nnTKO nucm
Mm
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, MAY 12, 1946
*    * PRICE TEN CENTS
I
Hint Break Near in Coal^ Sfrike; Ask Return of Food Rationing
Russia Will Set Date for Peace Talks
Will Act If Italian Treaty Is Completed; Agree on Reparations But Not on Method
Like Mary's Little Lamb
By JOSEPH W. GRIGO
Paria. May 11 (UP) -Foreign Minister V. M. Molotov indicated to the Bijt Four foreign ministers conference today that if agreennent rould he reached on the Italian treaty he would be willing to set a date for tbe 21-nation peace con¬ ference without awaiting complete settlement of Balkan treaties.
Thia development came in a sec¬ ond meeting after Molotov and Sec¬ retary of Stale James F. Byrnes eatabliahed an agreement in prin¬ ciple nn a $100,000,000 reparations payment by Italy to Russia, al¬ though there still waa a diapute on the method of payment. Four Sources
B.vrnea told .Molotov he wouid support Russia's claim provided reparations were taken from four sources: 1> Italian assets, 2) sur¬ plus induatrisi equipment, auch aa war factories, 3) two of Italy's | largekt liners, the merchant ahips Vulcania and .Saturnia, and 4) Italian naval vessels.
Under lant night's French com-! »romi«e proposal, the Vulcania and; e^aturnia would be \'alucd ati $2.1.000.000 I
The council al!<o quickly reviewed: the Balkan and Finnish treaties.; Although nothing new developed.' Molotov   hinted   for   the   first   time
•Flappy"
likes  school  so   much   that   he   is  a   daily pupil in the classroom ot the Dayton, Ohio, achool attended by bis  maater, Francis Eliey.
IS BRIBING ARABS,
Trainmen Will Defy IGovernment Seizure
Illinois Central Already Seized
Anglo-American Report Dealing With Palestine
Wa.shington, May 11. 'UP»—Sen. that he regarded them aa of reli- Owen Brewster 'R., Me.' bitterly lively secondary  importance. denounced     Britain     tonight     for
He indi.ated that if full agr.-e-iS",'''"f ""." ""1?°'^ "'".? u' "'^ ment could be reached on thel"°'y l^"** , """^ ¦""''^''„''" °' Italian treaty -- particularlv the ,""'"', ^'»'"K .,'*'!..A'"«^^^«|"«.*"'^ questionof Trieste, Italian colonies. I°' ^ "i'"''.on^"^ ?^" '? , i Reparations and the Dodecanese .: Arabia for $20,000,000 to protect and he would no longer block the nam-'''".'"7« ^^'' "'' '"^erests in the ing   of   a   date   for   the   full-dress '"'""I*"   *"»'•
peace ronferenre. Brewster,  long a  severe critic of
What Is War Boolv" , British   foreign   policy,   urged  that'
¦ ¦ , Uhe   United    Slatea   "press -   and
appeared    to    have    ac-;preM   hard-   for   immediate   entry
of 100,000 Jews into  Palestine and;
for creation of the promLsed Jewish
homeland  there.
"What   would   you   do   with   the
more  than   1.000.000  Arabs  now   in
"ale^li-ie'."'   he  was  a.sked. ,,,_   . .. ,.     .   „ ..I     •!  would   lerlaini  tlie   Garden   of
lhrn<r.r», ^V   ^.°'^.4*"!l 'T't.Bden   and    induce   them    to   move helSf^H.^^t   '"'".'¦'' "S*^ ''"":*'   'here,'   Brew.st.r  sn-.pped   hack, belonged   to   the  captor.    Since    he  ..  ..        ,,       ..    „    ,   '       . ssid,  Rii.a.«ia lind not  captured  any  *»"<".vs Can  Be Reelaiiiwd
Molotov appeared lo have cepted the two Italian liners as part reparations, but he maintain¬ ed hia original stand in both meet¬ ings today liint the Italian fleet •hould be regarded as war booty snd  not   reparations.
Byrnes said his underst.inding of
Chicago,    May    U    (UP)-^The federal  manager  of  the  govern- - _, in ment-hcid   Illinois   Central   Rail-
Sen. Brewster UenOUnCeSI rooad noUfled the roads em¬ ployees today to disregard a union call for a strike May IR and said the VVar Department had been asked to furnish an.v protection necesaary to insure the safety of all the company's employees and property.
The I.e. has been in federal po.sse8sion and control since Aug. 23. 1945. It was seized on order of Preaident Truman to foreatall a strike called by the Brotherhood of Locomotive Fire¬ men and Enginemen who de¬ clined a fact-finding board s recommendation for settlement of a jurisdictional dispute.
The diapute concerned the de¬ termination of the date upon which a promoted fireman is I placed on the engineer's roater I and the conditiona under which I an engineer is demoted to fire- I  man.
Brotherhood Head Says Men Won't Work After May 18 Deadline
Anti-Strike Bills Due In Senate
Not Appeased by Coal Strike Truce; Many New Ideas Certain to Appear
¦Waahlngton. May 11. (UP) — Senators unappeased by John L. Liewis' coal strike truce said to¬ night they will- hold a strategy conference Monday to decide on the best means of piloting restrict¬ ive anti-strike legislation through the upper House.
They are confident they have the votes to write their own ticket.
Sen. James O. Elastland, D., Miss., a leader of the coalition of Demo¬ crats and Republicans whieh is ¦parking the drive for a tough labor bill, said the strategy con¬ ference will decide whether to make the fight with a series of amend¬ ments or to offer a complete sub¬ stitute bill. Anything Can Happen
All Senate factions recognize that once debate has begun on the labor issue Monday anything can happen in the way of legislation. A Sen¬ ate labor committee bill is tech¬ nically the pending business, but all agree it ia merely a ''vehicle" on which to base anti-strike de¬ bate. A hoat of amendments and substitutes   can  and   probably  will
Lehman Tells President MoreFoodMustGoAbroad
Says Millions Will Starve in Europe Unless America Acts—^Ask U.S. To Give I p Cake, Pastry for Six Weeks
Washington, May 11. (UP)—President Truman was urged tonight to restore food rationing and double food exports to famine areas abroad becauae the next six weeks will mean the difference between life and death for millions overseas.
A group of 100 prominent citizens, headed by former UNRRA Di¬ rector General Herbert H. Lehman, placed a drastic program before Mr. Truman on the eve of former President Herbert Hoover's retum from a tour of world hunger areas. Mr.   Hoover    arrivea    tomorrow
and is scheduled to report his find¬ ings to Mr. Truman Monday noon. He  presumably will  propose what
from 125,000,000 to 300,000.000 bushels during the current quar¬ ter  ending June  30;   (2)   increase
furlher steps ahould be taken by {meat exports to '1,500,000,000 thia country to meet the globalipounds for the same period; (S) food crisis. 1 double  exports of  fats   and   oils;
Say Millions Will Die (4)   treble exporu of dairy  prod-
The Lehman group presented to ucts,   and   (5)   fulfill   rice   export Mr. Truman the thesis that unless'stocks     already     in     distribution thia  government  "acU  with great channels In this country. courage and  determination  during I    It   said  these  proposals,   if  car- Ihe next  four to six weeks, we In'ried out, would require some quick
America will not have done half as much as we could have done and millions 'Will die or be blight¬ ed for life because of our failure."
Among other things, it called on Americans to give up wheat products, cake and pastry for the next six weeks. It also proposed that a temporary stop be put to the u.se of canned meat and can¬ ned fish in this countr>-. Show tireat Need
The group urged Mr. Truman to use requisition powers, tf neces¬ sary,   to   (1)   boost  wheat  exports
shifts in the foods Americana are accustomed to eating but would not force anybody In this eountry to go on a starvation diet or "face the  tllghtest  malnourlshment."
Think Peopto WUl Help ,.
As for rationing, the group aaid: "There is ample evidence that tha American people are more than ready to accept food ration¬ ing tn support of a program to aid those near starvation abroad "Iliere should be no further delay (Continued on  Paga   A-2)
By RUUAKD L. DUOAX
Cleveland,  May   11   (UP)—Presi¬ dent A. F. Whitney of the Brother-! be  offered.
hood of Railroad Trainmen indi- The committee bill is a substitute cated today that even government | for the restriclive Case anti-strike seizure of the nation's railroads' bill pasaed bv the Houae three ,.,„.>M  „^t  i,.i»   !.-  ...lu-  ...   .-.- montha ago. It creates a five-man
would not halt the strike set for May 18 and said "unless a settle¬ ment Is accomplished before that date the men are Instructed to cease work."
Whitney said government seizure would, in effect, represent a bur¬ lesque, because the railroads will be operated by the same staffs that have denied the workers fair con¬ sideration and who are responsible for tbe present unhappy condi- j tions."
I "There are no laws or other bar- . riers that prohibit members of the I brotherhoods Involved (trainmen land    locomotive   engineers)    from
mediation board in the Department of Labor to take over the func¬ tions of the present U. S. concili¬ ation service. It also carries a ban on interfering by threats or vio¬ lence «ith shipments of perishable goods. Many Amendments Ready
This meaaure, sharply criticized by many members as Inadequate, must run the gauntlet of amend¬ ments which may Include:
].—An attempt to substitute the House revision of the Case Bill.
2.—The    ao-called    Hobbs    Anti-
part  of  lhe   Italian   fleet  she   had no claim to it aa "booty."
The minialers argued about repa¬ rations for two and a quarter hours
He referred to the valleys of the Tigres and Kuphralea rivers, now inundated with sea water. Brewster said they could be pumped out and
in Iheir morning session without I''" '"""^ recisimed for $25,000,000. reaching final agreement on thci"'' propoaed that the Arabs tliem- details although the principle of the'»P've» pay for this operation, but payment to Russia was not chal-,'»"KK«-''t*'<' t'"" ">« "'' companies lenged. with    conces.sions    in    the   Middle
FEAR IRAN STRIFE MAY BE LEADING TO CIVIL WAR
Cliarffv Hritain, I'. S. Hlock Agreement
By   M.  S.   HA.NDLtR
.Moscow, .May 11 (UPl-The gov- ernmenl newspaper Izvestia diaig- ed flatly today that failure of the Paris Conference thua far is due to an .igreement between the United States and Brilain for mu¬ tual aupport of each other's claima
Eaat would do il wilh a lilUc en¬ couragement.
Participating wilh Brewster In the forum was Rep. Henry M. Jackson <U., Waah.i. who defended the Anglo-American lomniitlee re¬ port on Palestine a.s a compromise but a first step toward a solution of the  problem. ¦
Both Brev/ster and .Tackson ad¬ vocated immedinte settlement of 100.000 .lews in Palestine  and joint
and   an   attempt   to   impose   their United     Nations    trusteeship    for
upon   olher  powers
The charge was made in an analysis written by N. Sokolovsky, a oornnientalor on" foreign affairs'.
Ij;ve.«tia ajiserled that the attempt by Britain and the United States to estabhah a world condomiiiin would f.iil beiHuse the demoirHlic nations of the world "arc noi In¬ clined to re(0)!ni7.e an.vono's hege¬ mony in InlernHiional affairs."
Paleatine.
.Says  Pledges Violated
Brewster denounced the com¬ mittee report as a violntion of re¬ pealed pledges lo the Jewish people. He said il was the most (iisappointinp document he had ever encountered.
"It ia an unholy alliance of power politii s and wishful think- (Contiiiued  on   Page   .A-131
Army Says Space Ships Are Next Step After V-2 Roclcets
}
V w 'L S^nds Proving Grounds, ^ M May 11. (UP)—Rocket ships capable of carrying man Into inter- sieiiar space arc a conceivable Jevelopment "in our time." Col. Holger N. Toftoy, in .harge of Army rocket experiments in the «ew   Mexican   deacrt,   said   today.
Toftoy revealed that captured doeumcnta indicated German acien- usta who developed the V-2 rocket were considering the Buck Rogcrs- "f' scheme of propelling the rockela into space as observation POat.s from which Germana would Hatch the world through large leiescopes. Ships Are »xt Step
He said rocket ahipa capable of isrrying men into outer apace, be¬ yond the pull of the earths gravitv.
leaving the service In a lawful 1 Ra'"'*eteering Bill, which would ban strike and from remaining out of I'"'.''"'^»"°" »""^ extortion by the service of the carriers  until a \ unions
settlement aatiafactory to them has been reached," he added. Trunuui Promised Seiiure
President Truman said laat Thursday that the government would seize the roads If necessary to keep them running.
The Brotherhood president said that unless the dispute is settled before the strike deadline "the men
3.—An amendment banning pay¬ ment of royalties on production to a union.
4.—An amendment requiring uniona to incorporate under the Securities and Exchange Act and publish their recorda aa corpora- lions do.
8.—A ban on secondary boycotts.
6.—A    provision   holding   unions
OR FACEDISASTER
Speaks at Fordham, Urges Educators to Aid World's Tolerance
are Instructed to cease work by 4  liable  to  suits   for   contract   vlola-
p. m.. Standard Time, in their re¬ spective territories, Saturday, May 18."
He said that approximately 250,- (X)0 members of lhe engineers and trainmen will  walk  off their joba,
By SA>I .SOI'KI
Tehran.   May  11   (UP)—NogoUa-       .      ..     .   .   .u ,      ^ .
tions     between     Premier     Ahmed »"'' J^'"^'"','^l«l   ^^.   railroads   total Ghavam and Azerbaijan leaders to-l"""!^''   ".'..."P^"""""", .«"?.P'°y''.s .."^ night were reported lo have broken "•"•O"''. down    and    fears    were   expressed
that (be deadlock may lead to civil war. Ghavam   waa   understood   to   be
standing   firmly   against   granting have  complied  with  all  proviaiona any    further    conceasiona    to    the Azerbaijan    democrats.   The   Azer¬ baijan,   led    by   Jaafar   Plahevary.
tion.
7. -A mandatory fiO-day eoollng- off period during which both sides would'be required to exhaust all methods of collective bargaining. 8—Authorization for the Presi¬ dent lo appoint emergency fact¬ finding boards in public utility .strikes.
9.—Permanent powers for the President to seize strike-bound plants, wilh aeverc penalties for anyone interfering with production during the seizure. of the  railway  labor act' "and   all  LpwIs Blamed
other laws involved in connection Lewis and the coal strike are dl- with this national rules - wage; rectly responsible for the anti- movement," Whitney scored the ro.vaity amendment, proposed by carriers' conference committee at- Sen. Harry F. Byrd, D., Va., anil titude aa placing them "in the the permanent acizure power cla.s.s   of   hoardins,   greedy   carpet- amendment   offered   by   Sen.   Scott
W. Lucas, n.. 111. B^astland  pointed  out  that many
Whitney said the strike would involve only railroad.a in the United States. Employeea of Can¬ adian railroads have been advised to remain on the job. Asserting  that  the   brotherhoods
were said to be equally adamant.
Soviet  Ambaaaador   Ivan   Sadch- kov  haa  been  attempting to  medi¬ ate   between   the   Iranians  without „ succea. Aadchkov tried to persuade  baggers. Ghavam   to  make   further  conces- Calls it  "Rabble  Rousing sions.                                                             i     Whitney     said     some      "rabble-1 of the other  propcsed amendment.s
Iranian political figures said they |'^"•''^rs have implied that il would (are Included in the House version believed that unless a quick agree-,''* unpalriolic for the railway jof the Ch.sc Bill. If that should ment ia reifched civil war may be-j ^*''"''*crs to strike and remain out be offered succesafully aa a sub- come inevitable as Ghavam had of Ih* service in event the govern- .slitule. he said it would be un¬ said he will use force, if neces-'mcnt takes over the railroads. The|nece»»ary to call up other amend- aary.   to   restore   the   authority   of (Continued   on   Page   A-2) ments aeparately
the   central   government   In   Azer¬ baijan.
Moving lp Troops
New York. May 11. (UP)—Preei¬ dent Truman warned educators today that the atomic bomb has given them the "new and terrible" responsibilit.v of driving ignorance from the minds of men lest the ignorant   "destroy  all  of  ua."
"Ignorance and Its handmaldena — prejudice, intolerance, suspicion of our fellow men — breed dicta¬ tors, and they breed war." he aaid in a speech at Fordham University where he received a degree of Doc¬ tor of Laws. "CTivilizatlon cannot survive an atomic war." New I'rgeneies
"The new age of atomic energy presses upon ua. Mark that well I" he warned. "What may have been sufficient yesterday is not suffi¬ cient today. New and terrible urgencies, new and terrible re¬ sponsibilities, have been placed upon education."
The chief executive was flanked on the speakers atand by Francis Cardinal Spellman and Bernard Cardinal Griffin. English prelate who also received an honorary de¬ gree. Fordham, celebrating the lOOth anniversary of its state char¬ ter, was draped wilh flags for the occasion. An intermittent drizzle peppered the broad field in front of the gymnasium where the cere¬ monies were held.
"We muat look to education In the long run lo wipe out that ig¬ norance which threatens catas- troplie. Intelligent men do not hate other men just because their reli-j gion may be different, because their habits and language may be different or becau.se their national origin or lolor may be differenl. It is up to education to bring about [ (Continued   on   Page   A-2) i
GM. Republic Steel Halt Closing Plans; Illinois Dimout Ends
CSilcago, May 11. (UP)—Parts of the nation's Industry crippled by the coal shortage showed signs of reviving tonight as a result of the two-week truce in the soft- coal   strike.
1.—General Motors Ci)rp. sus¬ pended plans to shut down its 92 plants Monday. Other large auto makers planned to go ahead with cutbacks and shutdowns pending full settlement. Ford already had begun shutdowns and (^rysler Motors said It had no change in plana to close Ita plants.
r. S. steel Lays Off More
2.—Shutdowns by Republic Steel Corp. at Cleveland were halted. In contraat, U. S. Steel at PItta¬ burgh laid off fi.OOO more workera today, making a total of 40,000 of the company'a employeea idle in I that area as a result of the short¬ age.
3.-Biidd Manufacturing Co. In Philadelphia will reopen its main plant  Tueaday.
4—In aeveral cities brownouts were lifted and movies and stores permitted lo resume normal opera¬ tions.
Before the truce was announced last night, the total of persons made idle by the shortage had soared over 2.000,0<X). That number waa expected to decrease gradually dur¬ ing the next two week.a as plants went  back  into production.
Tile Immediate effect of the truce was felt in Chicago, where the Illinois Commerce Commiasion lift¬ ed nearly all lighting reatrictlnna impoaed on the nation's second < citv and on  moat of Illinois.
Embargo On Freight Is Ended
May Ask 27c Boost, More Overtime Pay; Still Must Conserve, Continue Brownouts
Washington, May 11 (UP), —The embargo on aU noa> essential railroad freight shte* ments was lifted today aa tiM coal famine pressure on tko nation's economy eased witk the two-week truce in tht 41-day soft coal strike.
The government increaaed the heat on the union-opeiv ator negotiators to reach a full and flnal settlement quick- ly and tonight Federal Medi' ator Edward F. McGrady hinted that a break in the deadlock was near, disclosing that operators had called for another session tomorrow at 11 a. m. EST.
"Dot* that me«n dwt they •re going to bring In some¬ thing." :\IcCrady was aaked.
"We hope that they wlU." h* replied.
The operators had met separately for an hour this afternoon to con¬ sider union demands. "They re¬ turned to the formal meeting and suggested another session tomor¬ row.
Defense Tranaportatlon Director J. Monroe Johnson lifted the em¬ bargo effective at 12:01 a. m. Mon¬ day.
He also suspended an order cut¬ ting railroad pasenger service hy a total of 50 per cent on Wednea¬ day. But the original 29 per cent slash In passenger service remained in effect until further notice, •¦ did restrictions affecting apeclal trains and special cars.
Johnson lifted restrictiona on ex¬ press shipments, effective at mid¬ night tomorrow and said he had advised the Postoffice Department that it could remove restrictions on  parcel  post.
Civilian Production Administra¬ tor John D. Small held fast to OPA ordcrs to conserve electricity and manufactured gas. He said these orders will remain in effect until the emergency la over." ThU meana that brownouts of some cltlea will continue until there is assur¬ ance that coal production won't b« interrupted again soon. Ask Conservation to Continue
Small 'strongly urged" all state governors and atate utlliity com¬ missions to continue conservation programs "wilh full vigor until final settlement of coal negotia¬ tions and complete resumption of coal   mining  operations."
But he advised them that the truce may make it possible to lift some of the "more severe restri<^ lions" on industrial power in short¬ age areas. He said the resumption of mining on "thia temporary basis" will, at most, replenish current low utility slock piles of coal. To  )feet Tn-ioe a Day
Miners and operators agreed to meet morning and afternoons. They'll decide over the week-end whether to meet at nights too. President Truman wants a per¬ manent settlement by Wednesday.
But that may not be easy.    The United  Press learned that In addl- (Continued  on   Page  A-2)
In  Tndag'a Issue
Kdilorial •laaaifled >Io>i„ 	
Outdoor  >hiliiary   .
Radin   	
Sporta . Hoeial 	
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The central government has been ¦ are "a natural development of the   moving    substantial     numbers    of testa   the   Army   ia   now   conduct-   troops  northward  toward  the  bor¬ ing" but explained  Uial the imnie-   dem of Azerbaijan  since the evac- , diate   aim   of   the   Army's   rocket   uiitimi   of   the   Red   Army.   Peraons program wns development of auper-   close   to   Ghavam   said   the   talks rockets     and     "effective      counter measures."     He    said     Ihc    Army hopes  to   progress   far  beyond   the captured 13-ton V-2 which was ahot 75 milea  into   the sky  yesterday.
He added, however, that oven the V-2 could be shot into the outer apace "if we could figure out some way to add a aecond stage - thnt is. to fire another burst after the preaent fuel ia exhausted." Might Hang In Spare
Toftoy said Ihat one of the cap¬ tured documcnla which he had aeen mentioned the poaaibility of a multi- alago rocket which would be fired so high  that  gravity  and  cenlrifu-
Pillsbury Mill Closed First Time in 66 Years
definitely had broken off.
SHIP UNIONS UNITE, VOTE NATIONAL STRIKE
San Francisco. May 11. (UP) — More than 200 delegates represent¬ ing seven CIO and independent unions of ship and dock workers adjourned a six-day convention to¬ night after voting to merge into one  national  organization.
The convention, which alao recom¬ mended   a  joint  nationwide  strike
MinneaiKilis,     May     11.     'UP)—[used as  livestock  food  and  by  the Philip   W.   Pillsbury.   president   of fact  that   farmera   t^avc  held   their
DACHAU EXTERMINATORS ALL FOUND GUILTY i
Marty Mmers Dislike Strike Truce But Will Follow Lewis' Orders
gal force  would cancel  each  other,   to   begin   June   15.   alao   voted   to leavine the rocket hanging in space  launch a program aimed at "bring-
- circling Ihc e^th much   as doea ing maritime workera in all landa" the moon — to aerve as an observa-   into  an  International   federation, lion post. i    If   ratified,   the   atrike   propoaal
The American rocket expert aaid and the merger will involve aea- major current barriera to apace men. longahoremen, harbor work- travel are lack of proper fuel, the era, warehouitemen and ships' offl- dangcr of meteorites smashing jeers on the East, Weat and Gulf preasiiriTied rocket cabins snd little-1CoasU and Great Lakes, conven- known cosmic dual in outer apace. I tion officials  said.
Pillsbury MilLi>, announced today that the company's "A" mill, once the largest flour mill in the world, would close down tonight for the firat time in 66 years for lack of wheat.
"The old millers in the past al¬ waya seemed to scrape up enough wheat to keep running, but they tell me now we'll have to close." Pillsbury said. "They'll keep grind¬ ing until the last wheat is gone, but they can predict within minutes
wheal in anticipation of further price   rises.
Pillsbury. a heavy set man with a c.isurtl manner, .seemed more con¬ cerned about tile effect of the clos¬ ing upon bakers and housewives in this country and the starving in Europe and Asia than on bis own   business.
"Certainly." he said, "if we have lo cloae, olhers will be forced to do likewise. If millers receive no wiieat. there aoon will be no flour
when the supply will be exhausted, ground in this country. The slran^e They say the end will be between i(!„„({ about the situation is thil 11:30  p.  m.  and  midnight." Uur closing has nothing to do with
Cauaed by Price Uhe   coal   situation."
Pillsbury said the mill's wheat | The mill will lay off about 400 shortage was caused by present workers, but the layoff effect on prire of wheat and the govern-1 buyers and suppliers can not be ment's 30-cent-per-bushel bonus j est imaled, Pillsbury said, buying program which results inj "These men will go back to work wheat being earmarked by the gov- as soon aa the govemment releases ernment  for  foreign  relief. |wheat to the millers to grind, or aa
Further ahorlagea,   he said, were aoon   as  the   new   crop   comes  jn," caused i^ the fact that wheat la j Pillsbury declared.
Dachau, German.v, May 11. 'UP) -All 61 defendants In the Mau¬ thausen concentration camp trials were found guilty by an American miliiary court toda.v of complicity in the murders of 165.000 to 1,500.- 000 persons, who perished bv such diverse methods as being thrown into cement mi.\ers annd fed to starving  dogs.
The sentences of the defendants, all of whom pleaded not guilty, will be pronounced Monda.v.
It was fmpossibic for the prose¬ cution to estimate more exactly the number who died under a "planned s< heme of extermination" at Mauthausen because bodies were burned and records were not kept.
Lieut. Comdr. Hedrick B. Taylor of Santa Monica. Calif., had testi¬ fied that inmates were put to death by ^ssing. hanging, shoot¬ ing, beating, electrocution, being thrown inlo concrete mixers, thrust under scalding showers and lashed unlil the blisters burst, being thrown to ravenous doga, by hav¬ ing red-hot pokers thruat down their throats, by being kicked or burned In the genitals and drown¬ ing by having a water hose jam¬ med down their throats.
Pittsburgh. May 11. 'UP)-~A check of the nation's coal fields showed tonight that the majority of the miners will follow the orders of UMW Boss John L. Liewis for a two-week truce in the soft coal strike.
At least two locals, representing 1.500 miners of the Berwin-White Coal Co., Johnstown, Pa., 'formally rejected the truce, however, and voted lo remain on atrike. The locals called it a "period of grace for the operators."
Expressiona of individual miners indicated that many were displeas¬ ed with the "truce" but would re¬ turn to work to produce enough coal to avert interruption of vital aervicea. Sees End  of Strike
William J. Hynea. preaident of UMW Diatrict 4. Uniontown. Pa., the heart of the "captive" coal mines which produce fuel for steel companies, said he believed the strike would be settled before the truce  expired.
"M.v advice to the men In District 4 ia to ITO back to worlr Mondav" Hynis sad. "They'll n..t »e aorry. I nave reaaon to oelieve that wiihin the next two weeka a settlement will be reached."
A survey of the coal producing centers showed:
Pennsylvania — The majority a( the 100.000 miners will return to work Monday. Nearly normal pro¬ duction was expecied by Tuesday. The Weatern Pennsylvania Coal Operators' Aasociation announced that all commercial and capUve mines wil be reopened.
W'etit Virginia —The state's vast coal ficlda, employing 104,000, are expected to bujiz with activity Monday. Little likelihood, accord¬ ing to UMW leadera, that there would be any concerted opposition to Lewla' truce. Only open dla- satisfaction was reported In Mon« ongalia county.
lirnturky — Most mines ready ta open. Some will open Sunday and coal will be cut for loading Monday. UMW officials aaid they expected almost 100 per cent compliance toy the state's 40.000 miners.
Ohio —25.000 miners will return to work Monday.
Alabama — 22,000 ordered to r^ port for work. No reports of re¬ bellion.
Indiana — 7.5000 ready to retura after  41  davs of idleness
Colorado —The state's fi.OOO wUl return.