Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent

              A Paper For The Home
SUNDAY INDEPENDENT
The Weather
Fair  and warmer; Monday   partly   cloudy and   continued   warm.
40TH YEAR, NO. 37 — 40 PAGES
ITNITED   PRESS Wlra Maws Barrie*
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, JULY 14, 1946
¥    *
PRICE TEN CENTS
House Delays Acfion on OPA
British Loan Approved As House Gives Truman His Greatest Victory
Awaits His Signature; All Amendments Beaten; Reds' Foreign Policy Is Deciding Factor
Waahlngton, July 13. (LFP)—The House today put the (inal atamp of approval on $.1,750,000,00 loan to Great Britain, largest peacetime credit ever extended by one nation to another. The vote waa 219 to 155.
The meaaure, which squeezed through the Senate by a 46 to 34 vote on May 10. now goes to the ¦White House for President Tru- mrtn's signature.
Congreaalonal    approval   of   the loan gave Mr.  Truman one of his ' biggest legislative triumphs.
House approval came aftsr mem¬ bers rejected, 239 to 154, a motion by Rep. Everett M. Dirksen, R., 111., to send the meaaure back to com¬ mittee. All amendmenta were beaten. Oot Sl COP Votea
The administration scored its vic¬ tory, probably the most crucial in tho United States' disavowal of pre¬ war economic isolation, with the impassioned supiiort of many House Republicans.
Sixty-one Republicana and an America n-Uiborite joined 157 Demo¬ crats in approving the meaaure. Thirty-two Democrats, 122 Repub¬ licans and a Progressive oPPO«a ''¦
Chairman Adolph J. Sabath of the House rulea voted for the loan despite his earlier announcement he would oppoae it because of "past   British   actiomi."
The Hou»e brought a quick ex¬ pression of pleaaure from Secre¬ tary of Treasury John V\. Snyder. who said Congreas "haa now ex¬ pressed to the world the firm de¬ termination of the UniUd States to seek   International  co-operation.
Secretary of Commerce Henry A. Wallace and Aaslstant Secretary of State William A. Clayton indicated that approval of the loan now would apur plana (or the long pro¬ jected international trade confer¬ enca. tovMa Helped Paaaage
aovlet foreign poHcy waa a greater (actor in the outcome than either the British economy or the administration's world trade pro¬ gram. Deriding segments of Dem¬ ocratic and Republican aupport came from thoae who envisaged the loan as the way to strengthen Britain as a h Ter against Com¬ munism,
House Speaker Sam Rayburn, D„ Tex, and Rep. Jes.« P. Wolcott, R . Mich., prodding their oollcagues into final artion, bluntly char¬ acterized the loan as the key to whether Britain stands with the United States or turns to the Soviet .^phere.
Opponents fired a steady stream of   amendments  at   the   House   In an   eleventh-hour   drive   to   kill   or weaken  the  measure. All OppoKllion Rebuffed
The first a propo.sal by Rep. Kmanel Celler, R., N. \. to kill the legislation by returning It to the Hou.ie banking committee— was defeated overwhelminely, 180 lo 19. and the flnal outcome seem¬ ed   certain   thereafter.
With Acting Secretary of Stale Pean Acheson and William L. Clayton. Assistant Secretary of State for economic affairs, looking on. the House also brushed aside two amendments dealing with Britain's Atlantic and I'acific bases. It voted down the proposal of Rep. W. Sterling f::ole. R., N. Y.. to require Britain to give the United States iwrmanentlv. at a price of $1,000,000,000, the Atlantic liases it has leased to thia country for 99 years. Wanted Raaea m% Collateral
A voice vote defeated the second —an amendment by Rep. Roy Wodl iiff, R., Mich., to require Britain to put up her Atlantic and Pacific bases as collateral for the loan.
One by one  these other amend¬ ments were quashed: A proposal by Rep. Oeorge Bend- (Continued  on  Page A-17)
British See End Of War Hardships
London, July 13. (UP) —Con¬ gressional approval of the Ameri¬ can loan to Britain was hailed here tonight as the flrst step toward relieving the austere war¬ time living: conditions under which Britain still exists.
Purchases of food, machinery, timber, petroleum producta, ma¬ chine tools and some manufac¬ tured artlclea were certain to be increased almost immediately.
The government has stressed to the public that the loan will not bring an overnight return to prewar living standards, but that has failed to dampen the general optimism that things will change for the better.
STREiyVILINEPlAN FOR GOVERNMENT GETSBYSENATE
Refuses to Follow House Rejection; Backed by Truman
So $10jO0O Went to the Dogs
Washington, July 13. (UP) Pres¬ ident Truman won approval of one- third of his government reorganiza¬ tion blueprint today when the Sen¬ ate refused to go along with House rejection of so-called Plan No. 3.
The plan calls for consolidation of bureaus in aix cabinet depart¬ ments.
The Senate, by a vote of 37 to 30, refuaed to concur in the House reaolutlon rejecting: plan No. 3. Unleas in Monday'a aeaalon it re- Jecta the other two phaaee of Mr. Truman's reorcaniaatien plan — already rejected by the Houae — they automatically will become effective at midnight Monday, Bolh >luMt DUapprova
Under the Oovernment Reorgan¬ ization Act, both Houses of (Con¬ gress muat disapprove a presiden¬ tial reorganization plan within 60 days after it is submitted or it automatically  becomea  law.
The approved proposal calls for minor changes within the War, Navy, Commerce, Treasury, Agri¬ culture and Interior departments, chiefly transfers of some agency functions and a shuffling of author¬ ity over other agencies.
A fight over plan No. 3 preceded the vote, with .some opponents ob¬ jecting to combining functions of the general land office with most of the grazing aervice in a new bureau of land management.
The specific changes authorized by  plan  No.  3 are:
Treaaury —Abolishes the bureau of marine in.spection and navigation and transfer its functions, and tho.se of the Secretary of Commerce with respect to approval of marl- time conatruction and regulations, to the Coast Guard. Transfer to the bureau of cu.stoms the powers of the Commerce Department with regard to registry and licensing of vessels.
War- Fiincliona of St. Elizabeth's Hospital In Washington with re- speit to treatment of In.sanc be¬ longing to the Army arc trans¬ ferred to thc War Department.
>avy -^ Transfers hydrographic office and navel observatory from bureau of naval personnel to office of the chief of naval operations. C^nsolldatrs Marine Corps pay¬ master and quartermaster depart¬ ments.
Interior-Combines general land office anil grazing service in a new I bureau of land management, gives (Continued on Page A-12)
Contractor John A, Miller of San Francisco, Cal., left $10,000 in cash and jewelry in his park¬
ed car. 'When he remembered It, he thought his two doga, left behind, would keep watch.   The
valuables disappeared. "The dogs must have been tired, too," he said.
May's Refusal To Testify Is Called Guilt
Senate Committee Sends Blunt Letter Refusing Congressman Special Privileges Requested; He Calls Conclusion Unwarranted
Washington. July 13 (UP)—The Senate war Investigating committee today accused Rep. Andrew J. May. D.. Ky.. of declining to "face and explain" testimony linking him witb a Mldwrnt munitions combine anrt said it foynd no alternative to the conclu.sion "that you admit those facts to be true."
Its blunt charge was contained in a letter to May rejecting his otter to leaUify on his own terms on his relations with the "paper empire' of 18 firms. The committee has informed President 'I'ruman it has evidence that the syndicate made "uncon.sciounable" profits on the $78,000,000 in war contracts it handled.
May, in a letter of reply, brand- «Hi as "unwarranted" the commit¬ tee's conclusion, saying "it parallels other characteristics of the conduct of your hearings to which I object." Denle* He Haa Declined
He also denied that he has de¬ clined lo appear before the com¬ mittee. But he said Ihat, before accepting any invitation to testify, he was "simply seeking a basis upon which such a<-ceptance can be made without being denied the rights and privileges specified."
May reiterated that he would "willingly appear" if the committee
Put off Vote On Weak Bill To Tuesday
Bill Passed by Senate Loaded With Restrictions; Taft Amendment out
I
Little Joe Came up Twice so
He Vfon $109,000 on One Throw
YANKS IN JAPAN ORDERED TO STOP BULLYING JAPS
Yohohama. July lU. (UP) U. Gen. Robert L Elchelbergm order¬ ed his 11. S. Eighth Army to desiat from the "arrogant, bullying" atti¬ tude which he said some of the American occupation soldiers had adopted against the Japanese, it was  revealed today.
Eichelberger. commander of thc Eighth Army, said predatory action by some soldiers "is endangering the mission of the occupation, and must be stopped at once."
In letters to hia unit command¬ ers, dispatched lasl month but now disclosed publicly, Eichelberger said:
"There have been cases of the malicious beating of Japanese by both individual soldiers and by groups. There have been cases of troops breaking into Japanese homes and taking trivial amounts of mone.v from needy natives. Destruction, Assaults
"There haa been destruction of furniture and windows in some dis¬ tricts, of assaults on women on highwaya and in their homes. And in addition there are many indica¬ tions of delilicrate, arrogant, bully¬ ing attitudes on the part of some of  our soldiers.
'Some soldiers appear to feel that It is their duty to 'toughen up' the occupation. The determination of occupation mea.surcs is the re¬ sponsibility of the supreme com¬ mander for the Allied powers, and not of individuals who desire to demonstrate their superiority by in¬ juring small,' undernourished Japa¬ nese.
Degnan Slaying Suspect Linked to Wave's Murder
No Vacation From Troublea
Chlllicothe, O., July IS. (UP)— The Lawrence ODays returned to their home here today con¬ vlneed that thia waan't Hie year tor tbtm io Ko on a vacation.
They registered at a New York City hotel last Saturday and their troublea began. Their car was looted and all their clothing was atolen. Three days later, afler they had moved to another hotel, the car itself was stolen, together with the new clothing they   had  bought.
In despair they came home. Twelve hours after their return they were notified that their car had been found in Richmond, Va.
TO BE NO PUBLICITY ON PALESTINE TALKS
POLISH PEASANT PARTY MAY BOYCOTT ELECTION
London, July 13. (UPl—President Truman's three-man committee and representatives of the Briti-sh gov¬ ernment today imposed a rule of "absolutely no publicity" upon their discussions of the thorny Palestine question,
"Since this is a conferencce of experts, it was decided to give no publicity to their proceedings,'' he aaid. "It wa.s felt that press re¬ ports while the talks arc in pro¬ gress would get public opinion in¬ volved at an undesirable stage."
One of the most controversial of the 10 recommendations was that 100,000 homeless Jews in Europe be admitted immediately Inlo Pales¬ tine. It haa created an uproar In the Holy Land, with Arabs demand¬ ing that not anotlier Jew be ad¬ milled and Jews complaining be¬ cause the recommendation has not been put into effect.
Reno, Nev., July 13.—(UP)— Fred Murill, a quiet Texan with a ateady eye and nerves oi steel, wlll 'be hack Monday to collect the tlOO.OOO he won on a single throw of the dice.
"A gentleman's agreement" wilt assure Murill's payment by Dub McLahanah. loser in a dice game that held hardened gamblers spell¬ bound as dawn was breaking over Reno.
When Murill claimed the dice at McLanahan's club, he was $5,000 loser and he had a long-standing gambling grudge to settle with McLanahan. who won 100 bales of cotton from Murill's uncle in a dice game 2,1 yeara ago.
Murill put $23,000 on the line, shook the ivory cubes and rolled them out on the green cloth of the table. The crowd murmured when he   threw   a   four—a   "Litlle   Joe"
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and one of the hardest points to make.
Murill's expression did not change. He waited for the operator to rake in the dice and relurn them to him.
Ho put $43,000 more on the table at odds of 2 to 1, gathered up the dice and shook them. A hush setlled around the lable. Murill sent the dice bouncing oul over the table. Up came his point, "Little Joe."
The hou.se  owed him  $109,000.
Mcl.,anahan said thc taciturn Murill walked out without collect¬ ing, but would bc back Monday for hia winnings, Murill, a Dallas night club owner, said he was go¬ ing to Lake Tahoe. His explana¬ tion  was  typically  brief;
"To  rest  up."
Warsaw, July 13. (UP)—'Vicc- Preniicr Stanislaw Mikolajczyk said tonight that there was wide¬ spread sentiment within his Polish Peasants party for a boycott of the election expected to be held in the fall.
Mikolajjczyk said members of his party favored atanding aside un¬ less the present electoral laws were changed or the Big Throe under¬ took  supervision  of  the  election.
Mikolajczyk's charges of Irregu larities In three election districts in the recent referendum were re¬ jected today by Waclaw Barcikow- ski. Poliah general election com missioner.
U. S. Takes  Big Bite
Washington. July 13. (UP)—The bureau of internal revenue said today that Fred Murill might have to pay about $6.V000 in federal in¬ come taxes on $109,000 he won in a   Reno,   Nev.,   crap  game.
That is the lax the Dallas. Tex., nightclub owner would have to pay if the $109,000 lucky rnll ren- resented   his  total   Income  for  1948
and he had no gambling losses to  offset  it
CANADA'S STEEL STRIKE ON AHEAD OF SCHEDULE
Hamilton, Ont., July 13 (UP) Steelworkers jumped the gun today on an industrywide strike s<-hed- uled for Monday and walked out of one of (Canada's largest steel plants as company officials pre¬ pared for a lengthy siege.
The union is striking for a 40 hour work week and a $33.60 mini¬ mum   wage.
At the Sleel Company of Canada hundreds of non-union employees were moving into thc plants with clothes and toilet articles, prepared for a long slay.
Some 500 non-union men were estimated to be inside the plant Company offlcials admitted that plans were being made to feed the non-union help during the strike but said they were pledged not to use them as strikebreakers.
DENY MARSHAL TITO WOUNDED BY ASSASSIN
Belgrade. "Vugoslavia, July 13. (UP) -Reports that Marshal Tito was wounded by an assassin were €*ffi- cially denied today. A government spokesman said Tito is in "ex¬ cellent health, touring the south." He was said to be in Montenegro.
"fully and completely accords me, upon whom the brunt of thc attack is apparently leveled" the condi¬ tions he previously set forth for testifying. These included permis¬ aion to have counsel, to cross-ex¬ amine witnesses and to use the committee's subpoena powers to gel government records. The commit¬ tee had rejected these as special privileges. May termed them "con¬ cepta of judicial  fairness."
He also lashed back at the com¬ mittee which said he was under obligation to give an accounting of his stewardship as a public serv¬ ant.
"Be a.viured," he said acidly, (Continued on Page A-12)
Fingerprint Proof; Young Heirens Is Beginning to Crack
C^hlcagp, July 13. (UP) —Chief o( Detectives Walter Storms an¬ nounced tonight tbe FBI had con¬ firmed that a fingerprint (ound in the apartment o( Frances Brown, slain ex-WAVE, was that of Wil¬ liam Heirens. 17, suspect in the Suzanne Degnan kidnap-slaying.
Heirens' attorney Indicated that the youth was beginning to "crack" under the strain o( constant sur¬ veillance in the county jail and the mounting evidence being produced against him.
Storms said he had received a telegram from KBI Director J. Eklgar Hoover, only a few hours after he had announced the dis¬ covery on the Degnan ransom note, "of a third discernible print checking with that of Heirens.
Heirens, a University of Chicago sophomore, waa placed under a 24-hour-a-day anti-suicide guard as police announced that a third fin¬ gerprint on thc Degnan ransom note resembled  his  prints.
John Coghlan. Heirens attorney, visited him in his cell. He said tears welled up in the youth's eyes, and he cried in a voice near the break¬ ing point: "How long is this going to go on?" Getting Religious
Warden Frank Sain reported that the prisoner hrtH turned to religion. He said Heirens spent most of last night in  prayer.
Coghlan said he planned to enter pleas of innocent to all 29 indict¬ ments which were returned against Heirens Friday, They included 24 charges of robbery, four of a.s.sault and one charging both robbery and assault.
The teelegram from the FBI re¬ ceived by Storms aaid:
"Re Ictler July 12 latent im¬ pression in photograph Frames Brown case identified right index finger   print   William   Hei    ns."
Miss Brown was shot ami stabbed lo death in her apartment on Dec. 10. 194.5. A mes.sage scrawled in lipstick on the wall warned:
"For heavens sake catch me be¬ fore 1 kill more. I cannot control myself."
Six-year-old    Suzanne    was    kid¬ napped   from  her home  on  .Ian.   6. IContinued on Page A-12)
WANT NO VETO ON DEFENSE AGAINST ATOMICATTACK
America Demands Full Freedom to Meet Aggression
New York. July 13. (UP) —The United States tonight insisted again that there should be no recourse to veto by an atomic aggressor and asked that the right of a nation to strike back against atomic attack in self-defense be clearly defined  by the United Nations.
Bernard Baruch, in a memoran¬ dum submitted to the working committee of the UN atomic energy commission, aaid that any treaty for atomic control would be "wholly ineffectual" if any state could block action to enforce security. WanU Charter Rewritten
Perhaps more important, thc Baruch memorandum asked the United Nations to rewrite the char¬ ter provisions for self-defense so that a nation could retaliate not only against an atomic attack, but againsl "certain steps in them¬ selves preliminary to such action."
The American memorandum was submitted to a request from Atom¬ ii Kncrgy (.'ommission Chairman Hcrbrrl Evatt for clarification of the firsl paragraph of Ihe original atomic control plan proposed by Baruch. That paragraph said Ihe atomic cnntrol treaty should con¬ tain i)rovisions defining relations between the atomic control auth¬ ority   and   the   United   Nations.
Barilch .said again that an.v In¬ ternational authorit.v for control of atomic energy should be part of the United Nations, although the charier made no provision for (Continued on Page A-12)
TWO YUGOSLAVS KILLED IN PATROL SKIRMISHES
Underwater Atom Bomb May Hurl Millions of Tons of Yfater in Air
By JOSEPH   L.  >IYLEB
Aboaid USS Mt. McKinley. off Bikini Atoll. July 13. (UP)—Opera¬ tion Crossroads scientists predicted today that the Baker Pay atomic bomb may hurl 15.000.000 tons of waler into the air and bare the Bikini lagoon bottom for several seconds over a radius ot hundreds of feel.
One scientist likened the giganlic waler spout anticipated from his¬ tory's first underwater burst, set for July 25. to "Yellowstone Falls upside down."
Another said it would be Uke ex¬ ploding a .100-i)ound TNT depth charge in a three foot puddle.
Slill a third soentist forecast 1.10 foot waves which would break over and overwhelm targets in the Navy's guinea pig fleet.
Another envisioned that the ships nearest the hurst would shoot Into the air and break Into fragments.
These predictions were made at a
press conference in whirh si-ien- tlsts deliberately built up the Baker Dav bomb for a possible terrific letdown.
They explained that their job was to anticipate the maximum possible effects in order to be prepared for the worst from an instrumentation and safety standpoint. ".Might Jiist Mizzle"
Dr. Norris E. Bradbury, director of the Manhattan district's Los Alamos. N. M., atomic bomb labor¬ atory, pointed out that the new weapon never before'had been ex¬ ploded under water and actually— despite TNT experiments in model basins—they can't be sure just whal wlll happen.
Instead of producing a spectacu¬ lar cataclysm as predicted, Brad¬ bury aaid, the bomb burst "might just sizzle."
But Dr. Ralph A. Sawyer, tech¬ nical director of the bomb tests. Interjected, "We can guarantee damage close in."
Trieste. July 13. (UP) Allied troops were ordered on the alert along thc troubled Morgan Line tonight after an American 88lh Division patrol engaged in two skirmishes wilh Yugoslav forces killing   two  Yugoslav   soldiers.
Division   headquarters   said     the Americans   spotted   the    Yugoslavs crossing  the   border and   that  they i were   immediately   fired  on   by   the I Yugoslavs. Americans returned the flre,  killing one Yugoslav who was led   behind   by   his   comrades. I     A   little   later   the   same     patrol encountered     a    second     Yugoslav patrol  which  apparently was seek¬ ing to ambush  the Americans.    In a   shnrI   battle   a   second   Yugoslav was  killed.
OF
BIG 4 MEETING
Nothing Else to Do; Says Peace Can't Be Made with Magic Wand
Paris, July 13. (UP) — Warning that world peace cannot be achieved by waving a magic wand. Secre¬ tary of State James F. Byrnea today strongly defended the com¬ promises reached by the Big Four foreign ministers during their four- week conference as necessary to avert a world clash.
The American, British and Rus¬ sian delegations left Paris' for home today, to return July 29 for the 21-nation peace conference, agreement on which was the big¬ gest achievement of their talks. Only Thing Possible
Byrnes, tired but fairly cheerful, aald the compromises reached here were the only alternatives to sepa¬ rate peace treaties, which would have brought the world Into an open clash. The Secretary of State spoke to correspondents just be¬ fore he boarded President Tru¬ man's private C-54 plane, "The Sacred Cow." at Orly Airport for the trip to Washington.
Byrnes said that he would report to the nation on the foreign min¬ isters conference on Monday nighl.
Byrnea was accompanied by Mrs. Byrnes. Senators Arthur W. Van¬ denberg. R.. Mich., and Tom Con¬ nally. D., Tex., and their wives, and Ben Cohen and H. Freeman Matthews. State Department ad¬ visers. "Tho Sacred Cow" took off at 1:40 p. m. Paris time. FI.I ing  in  <'flnstellation
Referring jokihgly lo the ground¬ ing of Constellations, Byrnes paused at the door of the Sacred Cow  to  remark:
"They grounded all Ihe others be¬ cause they are careful about thc lives of civilians. Hut now the con¬ ference is over, no one cares about me."
Byrnes said  In his  presa confer¬ ence   he   was   optimistic   that    the coming     peace    conferenre    would reach agreement on  treaties which (Continued on Page A-12)
Washington, July 13, (UP)—A drastically curtailed OPA extension bill was sent by the Senate to the House today and the House delay* ed   its action  until Tuesday.
The measure, approved by tha Senate in thc early morning houra on a 62 to 15 vote, would revive OPA until June 30, 1947, but slash its   powers  severely.
The House rules committee re¬ commended that the measure be sent to conferences between the Senale and House. It gave the green light for action Monday, but the House will not vote on the re- commendation   until  Tuesday.
Democratic Leader John W. Mc¬ Cormack announced the House will consider atomic # energy control legislation on Monday.
While the rulea committee re- commened that the OPA bill be sent to conference, the House could reject such a move and vote on concurrence  in  the Senate  bill.
The rules committee's action waa I over the opposition of some Repub¬ liran members who urged that the Senate bill be aent to the floor with a resolution calling (or an immediate vote to concur.
Rep. Charles Halleck. R., Ind., contended that the Senate had produced "just about the best bill that we can get through Con¬ gress "
Technically, tha Senate acted on a House bill that would have merely extended OPA for 20 dayi while a permanent bill was being worked out.
Thus the House could vote Tues¬ day to override the rules com¬ mittee's recommendation that the bill go to conference and could vote to concur in or object te tbe Senate amendments. 8«y« Business Is DragglnK
Price Administrator Paul A. Porter meanwhile called (or prompt restoration of "uncompromised" price  and   rent  control.
Porter said "much of American business" Is dragging to a stand¬ still becau.se of uncertainty over future costs and prices.
He  said   this  slowdown   Is   tem¬ porarily hiding many rises in con- Isumer   prices   that   are   certain   to break out  later in a form to make recent increa.sps look small.
"America hasn't seen anything yet." Porter warned.
Administration leaders were doubtful that President Truman would sign the bill unless many of the Senate's restrictions are elim¬ inated. Taft Blaming  Trimian
Neither was the bill pleasing to Sen. Robert A. Taft. R., C, leader of anti-OPA forces in the upper chamber. Taft blamed President Truman for what he termed failure of the revised bill to encourage In¬ dustrial production.
Taft said the President's veto of the original extension bill created a situation where "no one today knows   where   he   stands."
The Senate bill, approved at 1:St a. m. (EST) after a tumultous 14-hour session, was loaded with restrictions but did not carry the so-called Taft and Wherry amend¬ ments singled out as objectionable in   the presidential veto message.
It was the sub.stitute for theae amendments - whirh would have assured manufacturers pre-war profits and markups — that drew Taft's   fire.
He aaid that while the substitute adopted his formula, allowing pro¬ ducers 1940 prices plus iftcreases in produrtion costs, it gave Price Ad¬ ministrator Paul A. Porter dis¬ cretion not to apply the formula. .Many   Exemptions
The Senate had  nailed  these re¬ strictions into the bill. 1.- Price ceilings were banned on (Continued on  Page A-17)
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NEW GOVERNMENT FOR ITALY STARTS TODAY
Rome, July 13. (UP) — lUly's ftrsl popularly elecied governmeni since 1921 was completed tonight and will be sworn in tomorrow before President Enrico de Nicola.
With Alcide de Gasperi. leader of the Christian Democratic Party as Premier, Minister of Interior and Interim MiuijitQr of Foreign Affairs, thc cabinet Includes eight Christian democrats, (our Social¬ ists, four < ..nimunists, two Repub¬ licans ana one Independent.
Twelve members have never been In a cabinet before and the polit¬ ical lineup was a clear victory for de Gasperi against the Leftists. Palmiro Togllatti. leader of Italy's Communist Party, waa given no cabinet post.
Greatest Atom-Smashing Gun Being Built in California
Berkeley. Calif., July 13 (UP) — An experimental linear accelerator, potentially the most powerful atom- smashing "gun" in the world, is under construction at the Univer¬ sity of California,
Dr. Louis W. Alvarez, who aided in the development of the alom bomb, said the iiniversity's radia¬ tion laboratory work on linear ac¬ celerators was expected to make it possible to accelerate protons to energies of 600,000,000 electron volts for atomic research.
This speed, he said, is equal to that of comparatively slow "pri¬ mary" co.smic rays which bombari! the earth's atmosphere at energies fr<»iTi a few hundred million to bil¬ lions of electron volts. Supplements Cyclotron
"The accelerator will supplement the university's giant 184-inch cy¬ clotron, largest In the world, which will be compleled this fall, and a 300.000.000 volt synch rolon lo be finished early next ye.ir.
Prof. J. Robert Oppenheimer. famed nuclear physicist, predicted that the accelerator within a few years might produce protons of more than a billion volts.   These In
turn may produce "mesotrons.** which are the penetrating compon¬ ents of cosmic rays, Oppenheimer said.
The accelerator is a double rifle¬ like lube which Alvarez said re¬ sembled a waler aqueduct with teams of radar sets on each side. It shoots atomic "tJuUeta" from one end of the 40-foot tube to the other at trnnendous speed. In contrast te cyclotrons and other types of atom- smashers which whirl the proton bullets in a spiral, "crack-the-whlp" fashion. To Be Ready This Veer
The 40-foot experimental model, developing 40,000,000 electrons volta, will be ready for operation by tha end of the year. If it is success¬ ful. Alvarez said, a 280-foot pilot model that will accelerate particlea of 280.000.000 volts wiil be built A 1.000-foot accelerator to develop 1,(XX).000.000 electron volts theoreti¬ cally is possible, he said.
Alvarez' linear accelerator is • development of a machine flrat built in 1930 by Prof. Ernest O. Lawrence, Nobel Prize winner and dirertor of California's radtatloa ialioratory.
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