Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent

              A Paper For The Home
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SUNDAY INDEraNDENT
The Weather
Partly cloudy, warmer, possibly some showers; MoncTay,  fair and mild.
40TH YEAR, NO. 20,—i« PAGES
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, MARCH 17, 1946
TMTKn   PRF»<< 1%)r*   Newt   l»*rTlcf>
PRICE TEN CENTS
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U.S. Giving 11ro of Food To Starving
3,813,000 Tons; Argentina, Russia   \ Asked to Contribute More of Their Grains
WashlnKton, Murch 1«, (UP)— With two weeks to go, the Agri¬ culture Depnrtment hopes U. S. food relief lo hungry peoples in the first three months of 1946 wiil add up to 3,813,000  tons.
This total, the department said tonight, amounts to 11 per cent of tbe country's foo.l supply and re¬ presents the "difference between starvation and subsistence" for millions.
Whether the goal will be met, the Agriculture Department aald. de- Lcnds on the success of President Truman's famine emergency pro¬ gram and on soiving transporta- t'on problems. HIII Mot Meet QuoU
The department estimated that this country will come within 208,- 000 tona of meeting its wheat ex¬ port commitments for the quarter Becretary of Agriculture Clinton P Anderson previously harl said the United . State.s would fall about 620,000 tons  short.
Tha United States had promised to send  1.000,000 tons of  wheat a month   overseas   for  the   first  six montha   of   194K.    The  department estimated    that   wheat   exports through March 31  will total 2.792, 000 tons.   This  Includes  wheal al readv exported and that currently available and earmarked for ship ment.
In New York, meanwhile, former Pre.^ldent Herbert Hoover conclud¬ ed preparations for a five-week study of food conditions abroad. Mr. Hoover expects to fly to France some time Sunday to be gin his tour. It will Uke him to "every country that is aaking (or food."
Asks Statea t« Chaogs Lows
To Increase U.S exports, Ander aon called on state governors to Changs state laws. If necessary, to permit sale of .smaller loaves of l>read. The ofllee of Price Admin¬ istration yesterday authorised a de crease In the weight of loaves and ether bakery products up to 10 par cent without corresponding price reductions.
Wheat, flour and other grains «ill make up 70 per cant of the relief shipments. Relatively amall amounts of meat, fats and oils, dairy products and sugar comprise the rest.
The shipments will mean the dif¬ ference between starvation and siihsistence for some, and for others the difference between subsistence and a diet that will give them (Continued  on   Page   B-6)
IRISH. 75,000 STRONG. PARADE IN NEW YORK
Truman Joins Friendly Sons
Washington, March 16. (UP) --President Trumai. toninhi be¬ came an adopted member of the Society of the Friendly Sons of Ht.  Patrick  of  Washington.
The gold medal of the society was presented lo Mr. Truman at a St. Patricli's Day banquet here by James E. Colllflowcr, president of the  organization.
Mr. Truman Is the second U.S. chief executive to receive this honor. Tlie first was President (leorgo WaEhington, who be¬ came an adopted member ot the society Id.*) yeara ago
The med.il given to Mr. Tru¬ man was a facsimile of the one presented to Washington in Philadelphia Dec. 18, 1781.
\Going up at 95
New York, March 18 (UP)—'ITie sun smiled warmly down on New Yorks Irish today as they paraded. 7.S.00O strong, in honor of Saint PstVick.
Not since 1935 had the luck of the Irish held strong enough to keep snow, rain or sleet off their green regalia-and not for many a long vear had thev had a County Mayo'lad himself, William OT)wyer fo review them as mayor of New York.
In O'Dwyer's lapel waa a spray ef fresh grown shamrocks, sent by plans by the lord mayor of Dublin.
"The sweetest grass In the World," said  O'Dwyer,
Sixty-five bands, fife and drum corps made the music. Some l.SOO.- 000 jammed sidewalks along Fifth avenue to watch and listen,
Onlv one thing marred the day- Francis Cardinal Spellman was not In hia usual place on the steps of St Patricks Cathedral to greet them. He was In St. Ixiula attending the funeral of Cardinal John Glennon.
INE
AMK TRUMAN'S WAGE-PRICE PLAN
'Shenanigans Between CIO, Administration' Also Put under Fire
Washington. March 16. (UP)— The United Mine Workers (JiFLr- tonight took advantage of a week¬ end recess In the soft coal wage negotiations here to attack Presi¬ dent   Truman's   wage-price   policj'.
The attack was made in an edi¬ torial In the UMY journal, which reflects the views of UMW Presi¬ dent John L. Lewis. It came two days after AFL, President William Green called on President Truman to scrap his "crazy-quilt stabiliza¬ tion program." Green said the gov¬ ernment puiicy puts labor -in an economic straightjacket and is un¬ fair and unjust to other groups in the nation. m'age Frees*"
The NMW Journal called the policy "another wage freeze agreed to bv the CIO and opposed bv Uie UMW and AFL, and which In peacetime cannot under any pre¬ tense be Justified."
It said "the state of affairs" among government economic agencies and In the soft coai in¬ dustry "clearly portends an un¬ healthy pattern" for the wage nego. tiations. The UMW has filed notice of its Intention to strike April 2 to support Its wage demands pre¬ sented last Tuesda.v.
Meanwhile, coal operators met In closed session to draft their reply to Lawis and other UMW spokes¬ man who have argued four con- sacutlva days for a health and wel¬ fare fund, higher wages and union¬ isation of supervisory employees. The operators will begin their re¬ ply Monday when the open nego¬ tiating sessions resume.
Lewis has reserved time for re¬ buttal. It appeared posaible that the UMW editorial may be the pre¬ lude to an all-out assault on the Truman policy.
Mea CIO Hhenanlgana
Lewia. who aurprised operators by presenting general rather than specific dollars-and-cents demands, has refrained from attacking the government's wage-price policy thus far In the negoiiations.
The Journal said thst Lee Press¬ man, CIO general counsel, wrote the executive order which paved the way for the recent ISW-cents- (Continued   on  Page  B-«)
ALL QUIET IN IRAQ. PREMIER ANNOUNCES
Baghdad. Iraq, March 16. (UP)- Premler Tweflk el Suweidl dis¬ missed aa "sheer rumor" tonight a report that IraquI Kurds were at¬ tempting to establish a Kurdistan republic In Iran.
"All Is quiet in the Kurdish ra¬ glon of Iraq," Suweidl said. "No IraquI troop movements have taken place nor are any likely, since tlie situation is absolutely calm so far as Iraq  ts concerned."
Suweidl said current IraquI dis¬ cussions In Ankara were not con¬ nected with Russian developments.
In event of a crisis. Suweidl said Iraq would stand "loyally" by Its treaty with Britain.
Mra. Addle W. Barnard, Mil- ford, N. H, celebrates her 95th birthday wiih a plane ride. Pilot John A. Rapsis explains controls
to her. When flight was over, Mrs. Barnard said: "It wss tbe great¬ est thrill of my life. If I wera younger Td learn to fly myself."
15,000 Moslems Riot, Burn Premier's Palace
Protest India Plan, Want Separate State From That of Hindus
Rome Stars and Stripes StaH Will Quit Over Censorship
By J. EDWARD ftilRRAV
Rome, March 16. (UP) -The Mediterranean Stars and Stripes announced today that strict cen¬ sorship had been Imposed upon it by the U.S. Mediterranean com¬ mander and its staff of 55 men was prepared to resign unless the restrictions  were  lifted.
The paper said it had been "muzzled' by Lt. Gen. John C. H. I.*e through activation of an order giving Lee and other staff officers supervision over letters written to the paper's popular "Mall Call" column by soldier contributors. Discontinues •Alall Call'
The "Mail Call" column Is being discontinued rather than submitted to Lee's supervision, the paper said and the staff of four offlccrs and 51 enlisted men "chooses to con¬ tinue on duty with Stars and Stripes only If the current affront to their judgment is withdrawn.'
The paper's announcement, print¬ ed I'l the form of an editorial set In five columns across Ihe top of the   front   page,   did   not   mention
In Today's Issue
f*ports    „.._	
Kdltorial    	
Outdoor   __«.....*..
Social     _ 	
Radio   	
Movie*
 B—1
 ...... t—2
„ A—18
._ B—M
 B—7
 B—7
....* -A—21
By JOHN HLAVACEK
Bombay, March 16. (UP)—An angry mob of 15,000 Moslems was reported today to have rioted at Hyderabad two d;Lys ago, injuring Hyderabad Premier NawabuvC^hat- tari and burning his palace to the ground.
The report of the new outbreak of rioting came as India Congress Party leaders generally welcomed British Prime Minister Clement R. Atllee's offer of Indian Independ¬ ence aa a step In thc right direc¬ tion. They called on their follow¬ ers to avoid acts of mob violence now that their country Is on "the threshold of freedom." .Moairma Differ
Moslem leaders, however, met Attlee's statement with strong op position on the ground that it fail ed to offer them "Pakistan"—^the creation of an independent Indian Moslem nation.
Madras dispatches said the Mos¬ lem rioting Thursday In Hydera¬ bad, capital of the largest Indian principality, began as a protest against demolition by state author¬ ities of a mosque built without offi¬ cial permission on the grounds of the Methodist Mission home for lepers.
Two missionaries were Injured. The residence of one of them was damaged by flre. Priceless art treasures In Chattarl's palace were destroyed when the building went up in flames.
In New Delhi, Pandit Jawaharal Nehru, India Congress Party leader, said he welcomed "the pleasant ton* and approach" of Attlee's statement He added how¬ ever: Expreaalon not Eneagh
"An *xpr*sslon of good will, even though couched In friendly tones, doesn't tak* one very far. We have arrived at a stage when no half measures can he considered at all, and only a discussion based on Indian Independence could bear fruit."
President Maulana Abul Kalam Azad of the India Congress Party said Attlee's statement was wel¬ comed as tendini; to "create a de¬ sirable atmosphere" for forthcom- ine British-Indian negotiations. He said he would withhold flnal iudRment on the offer until It Is demonstrated  In "actual  practice."
Addressing 60.000 Congress Party members in Bombay. Azad re¬ peatedly condemned Indian mob violence and aaid that now thai India was on "the threshold of freedom" she must have an obe¬ dient army and a disciplined people. Deinand 0\«-n Country
In Ncw Delhi Mohammed Ali Jlnnah, president of the Moslem league, said hc regretted Attlee's statement on India in the House of Commons ychleiilay. especially his (Continued   on   Page   B-6)
GOERING DEFENDS NAZI COLLEAGUES -ONLY^SMEN'
Attempts to Place All War Blame on Hitler's Shoulders
U.S. Will Use Army, Navy To Back UNO, Byrnes Says; Red Moves Ease Situation
Pulling out af Baltic Island And Manchuria; Iran Still Tense
New York, March 16 (UP) ¦First signs of easing Big Three tension appeared to¬ night with hints of a new British approach to the ulcer¬ ated Iran problem and pos¬ sibly significant Soviet troop moves out of Manchuria and the Danish island of Born- holm.
There was no relaxation in the use of sharp language— particularly by the Soviet press—and it appeared plain
that th* Iran Issue, at leaat, was haaded for a showdown at the United Nations Security Council meeting In New York City March 28.
1%* British approach on Iran waa a cautious suggestion that ma¬ chinery might be set up for the International control of Iranian oil —one of the factors at the root of the whole Iranian dispute. No de¬ tails of how this might be done we^ offered by the British but It waa presumed such a proposal might be offered during Security (riouncil discussions of Iran. Reds Cliarge Violations
The extent to which Iran's oil resources arc entangled In the failure of Soviet troops to with draw from Iran March 2 aa pled< ed by treaty was emphasized by the comment of the Moscow Press. Reviewing the history of Soviet- Iran relation*, Moscow commenta¬ tors noted that the Soviet-Iran treaty of 1921 granted the Soviet tbe right to oil and mineral con¬ cessions In northern Iran. Russia then relinquished this right In re¬ turn for a p'edge by Iran rot to make any North Iran grants to foreign powers.
The Moacow Press rharged Iran h.id violated this agreement on at
\U.5.-Trained Troops Head'^*'**** Military For  Crifical- Manchuria   '»«'"'»*»'»«*
Gen. Marshall's Report Disturbing; America Backing UNO in Iran Dispute, Hoping Reds Will Ease Situation
Washington. March 16. (UP)—Gen. George C. Marshall believes the Manchurian situation is "extremely critical", he said today in reveal¬ ing that crack American-trained Chinese army divisions are en route there.
His announcement intensified American efforts to solve mounting U. S.-Sovlet controversies before tliey explode.
Giving up their usual Saturday government holiday, high Slate De¬ parlment officials met In a series of conferences on the Iranian and Manchurian   situations   which
GERMANY'S GREATEST
Tvce by name but referred to his
censorship directive of threa weeks
ago.
Protest to President
The paper said that Its publica¬ tions officer, Maj, H. C. Kestler of Charlton and Waucoma, la., had cabled protests to President Tru¬ man, Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson and Chief of Staff Gen. Dwight n. Eisenhower, asking "how much of their constitutioml liberty must members of the U.S. armed forces sacrifice?"
"The    staff    members    of    this; Armv   newspaper   are   flrst   of   alll/ll l CD   ARRF^TPD .soldiers,   aware   of   their   rcspon.si-   Ml-LCn   HnnCO I [:U bility loward their appointed lead¬ ers."  the announcement  said.
"They also are professional newspapermen, proud of their pro¬ fession, aware of the heritaRe of service of the Mediterranean edi¬ tion of ,'=!tnrs and .Stripes and eaeer :. maintain t!iat unbroken pledge." CMf Tliree-Viar Servire
•'For more th.T.i three vears It iias been po-ssible for this staff to combine l-oth i rofei'slons In thc service of tl.e eountrv thev lov--. Thcy hnve resi ste.l every encronch- mrnt and there have been mnny...
"The profe.>>sioial »nd pcrsonnl ii.tegrity of Its staff membera h.-ive been uphelJ and confirmed ¦yy those who nuw fir.d il neces¬ sary  lo  muz.'le  us
"As    nnw.spanermen.    these    sol¬ diers  find   further   performance  of certain   of their dtitiei  intolerable, (Continued on Page B-6>
British Army Headquarters. Ger¬ many, March 16 (UP)—British agenta today captured Rudolf Hoess, former commandant of the Oswieclm concentration cnmp, end¬ ing a nine months' aearch for the mnn they described as probably "Ihe greatest Individual killer in the history of the world."
Hoess was discovered shovelling manure In a farmyard in the Flens. burg area near the Danish border where he had been hiding since Germany's surrender. He did not resist arrest. •
Hoess was the missing man at the war crimes trial of Josef Kramer, "Thc Beast of Belsen." Kramer repeatedly accused him of gassing millions of (^rmana as Helnri<h Himmler's concentration camp administrator.
By WALTER dtONKITE
Nuernberg, March 16. (UP— Hermann Goering, aceklng to fix the blame for Nail war crimes on Adolf Hitler alone, today at¬ tempted to whitewash flv* of his fellow defeodantj by styling thsm mere middlemen or offie* boys to the  fuehrer.
H* told th* International tribunal that Alfred Rosenberg, Walther Funk and Baldur von Schirach were Insignificant siibordinates fre¬ quently In hot water with Hitler. and described Wilhelm Keltel and Alfred Gustav Jodl as reluctant generals who served only because they knew It would b* sutcid* to resign.
Under questioning by defense at¬ torneys,  the  former  reichsmarshal and nuinber two Nail painted this picture of his five co-defendants: ¦Didn't Dare Open »foulh'
Rosenberg — A "comparatively llttl* man" who had no political In¬ fluence after 1933 despite his war¬ time }ot> aa minister for Nasl- occuplod terrltorlea In th* east and who didn't even 'Mar* open his mouth."
Funk — A funstionaiy *of no slf- nlfleane*" after 19U who marely followed Goering's Instructions as president of the Relchsbank.
Von Schirach — An unimportant youth leader who got into such ser- ioiu trouble with Hitler because of his American mother that Goering had to Intervene to save him from Martin Bormann and Helnrich Himmler, who were plotting to "do away" with him, Keltel a MUldeman
Keltel—a middleman who had nothing to do but relay Hitler's orders after the fuehrer on Feb. 4. 1938, became "in fact" chief of Ger¬ many's armed forces, and who got so sick of his role that he aaked for  a  frontline  command
least three occasicns  and  charged
lay at the root oT Russian differences
th.it   International   oil   politics  lay
with  the  Iranian  government
The only oil concession now held In Iran Is thet of the Anglo-Iran¬ ian Oil Company, which maintains huge refineries at Abadan with a 17.000.000 ton output In 1945. The British govemment Is a substan¬ tial shareholder In the Anglo-Iran¬ ian oil firm. Russians  Want dl
The Russians have made plain they are most eager to acquire fresh sources of oil for their rapid ly expanding Industrial economy Despite Russia's own large oil out put It Is far smaller In relation to th* sli* of her Industrial plant than that of the United States, for example.
How the Russians might react to the    Internntlonalliatlon    proposal was not known.    But  It was  pre- (Contliiued on Page B-«)
APPROVING CONTRACT FOR GENERAL ELECTRIC
Schenectady, If. T., March 16. (UP)—Sixteen thouaand General EUectrIc Company home plant work¬ ers voted unanimously today to ac¬ cept an IBS cents an hour wage In¬ crease and return to work on Mon¬ dav after a two month strike.
'The strikers are members of United Electrical Radio and Ma¬ chine Workers of America, CIO. They ratified ths agreement reach¬ ed between the company and the union earlier this week at a mass
threaten Big Three unity and pose I reached  lo send a series of thrcc- crucial tests for the United Nations man "teams" into Manchuria to put
Organization
"These officials are hoping if not expecting—that the Soviet Union wili make some move aoon to ease the tension. Any break In Soviet Union silence would help.    Today's
return    of    Soviet Andrei A. Gromyko to Washington is  expected   to   result  immediately in   conferences   with   Secretary   of State James F. Byrnes. .%Urshairs First SUtnnent
Marshall made his first public statement on conditions in the Far Kast at a special press conference. He has returned here for consulta¬ tion with Byrnes and President Tniman from his mission as the President'a special emissary to China. He expects to go back soon
Coincldentally with passage by the Chinese Kuomintang of a reso¬ lution calling on Rusxia to get out of Manchuria'and while this coun
into effect agreements on .lemooil izatlon, Japanese disarmament, re¬ storation of communications and reorganization of the Chinese army. These teams will include an Ainer- can, a Chinese Nationalist, and a
AmbassadorjCliincse Communist represent.ilive. 4. — American political leaders possibly do not understand how vital establishment of a unifled and stable Chinese government is to the future of world peace. Suc¬ cess of China's present efforts de¬ pends on "actions" •>f other na¬ tions, but the Uniied States Is beat Bi.le to render China material assistance.
5.—The  next  few months are of "tremendous   impurtance"    to    uie future of China and "to the futuic p.-ace of the world." Concerned Over Russia
Marshall made no mention of the Soviet Union'i role in the Far Kast, but his guarded remarks oo-
try continued to wait for Russia's i viously    reflei ted    recent    concern
reply to Americah protests abou*. Soviet policy In Manchuria Mar¬ shall disclosed:
1.—The Manchurian situation Is "extremely critical" and the United States has had little Information of what is going on ther*.
over apparent Soviet efforts to carve out a Russian iiphero of in¬ fluence  in  Northeast  Asia.
Asked specifically wheiher the United States sho.ild take over the :ob of protecting China during th'i trunsition period while she is vul
•    Tii„i...i  ..•i..i.i._. f..^_  tt.. «o nerable,  Marihall  replied  that   ne i-rJl^'^..*l'ri''"'?.!.,'~T  ^\'J?. would   leave   the   answer   to   that
American-trained Chinese Army divisions which fought in Burma "are embarking now" for Man¬ churia. Marshall did not sa.v su, but the battle-toughened, well- equipped divisions presumably are sailing In American craft after an historic march over th* Himalayas. Woilc en Agreements
3.—Tlie  night  befor*  his   depar¬ ture from China, agreements were
l->   Secretary   of   State   James   F, Byrnes,
Meanwhile, American offlcials were preparing to face a crucial showdown with the Soviet Union at the UNO Security Council meet¬ ing In Ncw York March 2.1. Thcy are still hoping for conciliatory ac tion by the Russians before then.
But   they   are   also   certain   that (0>ntinued  on   Page  B-6)
CHIANG WARNS
UNDERMINE PEACE
Admit All Parties To Ncw Government; Fighting in Mukden
Chungking. Generalissimo Chiang warned today that the futura of world peace depended upon the solution oif problems In Manchuria and appealed to a cloaing session of the Kuomintang for a vole of confidence In his Manchurian policies.
"Not only the future of Cl^lna but the future of world peace de¬ pends upon settlement of the Man¬ churian problem." CTiiang told thc final session of the Central Execu¬ tive  Committee.
Chiang's plea for a vote of con¬ fidence called on the party leaders a   resolution   seeking some
RED PRESS SAYS
.1
Sees Him Forming New Axis Lineup Against Communism
March    16.    (UP)-
Moscow.    March
(Continued  on   Page B-6)
meeting, attended by 2,500. Earlier. 179 AFL plumbers and steamfitters^ who struck in s>'inpathy, voted sim-ito   renounce
j[j^|.|,. I punishment   for   some   officers   in
Others of th* UEWs 100,000 GE|Man<'hurla, aimed primarily at the workers are expected to vote on the id'rePtor of Nationali.ft headquarters agreement at meetings at plants in.'"  Manchuria, Hslung Shlh-Huln, even  Ifj New  York.  New  Jersey  and  else- Recapture Power Plant
16 (UP)—The Kai-Shek 1 .Soviet New Times today branded Winston Churchill as the world's leading "war monger" and accused him of trying to engineer an "Anglo - American Axis" which would be as big a threat to world peace as the Nazi-Fascist coali¬ tion.
Hammering home the main points of Generalissimo Josef Stalin's at¬ tack on the wartime British Prime Minister. New Times I'harged him with Inciting nations to "fraticidal war." trying to form a new anti- Communist and anii-nemocralic world crusade, and acting as 'the mouthpiece of the forces of world reaction.
Iwhere over the week-end.
International Control For Iran Oil Suggested
London, March 16. (UP)—Great] dustrial plant, have been pressing Britain tonight was reported to be Iran for months for similar con- considering a proposal for inter-1 cessions In northern Iran. Desire nationalized control of Iran's oil! to exploit northern Iran oil re- resources as a possible move to- sources is believed to be a factor ward   solution   of   the   crisis   wilh  in   the  stubborn   Soviet   refusal   to
pull her trooiis out.
Russia.
The suggested British move co¬ incided with charges by the Soviet government newspaper, Izvestia. that Iran had repeatedly violated the 1921 Rusao-Iran agreement cov¬ ering oil and other concessions In northern Iran in an effort to em¬ broil Russia and the great powers in disputes.
The British proposal, which was being discussed in high quarters, waa the first hint of a move to break the deadlock whloh has arisen over failure of the Soviet to withdraw her troops from northern Iran bv March 2, as shs promi>e.f In the Anglo - Iranian - Russian treaty.
At present the only oil prodiir¬ tion is under control of th* Anglo- Iranian Oil Co.. In which the Brit¬ ish government is a large share¬ holder. Keds Want Oil
The   Russians,   eager  to  acquire I mor*  oil for  their expanding  In-
It was understood that the British plan for internationalization if Iran's oil would place responsi¬ bility for administration of the oil reserves in an international body, presumably under the United Nations, would Insure that Iran it¬ self gels a better share of the pro¬ ceeds of her national resource, and
A Central News Agency dispatch, meanwhile, said the Nationalist forces In Mukden had attacked ("ommunist forces in the southern outskirts Friday and had recap¬ tured Mukden's power plant and Iraasformer station. Electric lights and running water were restored in the city, the dispatch said.
Another Central News Agency dispatch said railroad service be¬ tween Mukden and Dairen and be¬ tween Dalren and Harbin had heen disrupted by Communist aclion In mining the line.
Chiang said that he would accept personal responsibilitv for Ihe ac- (Continued  on   Page  B-6)
Call It Same Plan
But Says America Cannot Disarm
New York, March 16 (UP) —Secretary of State James F. Byme.s tonight rejected military alliance with Great Britain and declared the United States instead would use its military power to sup¬ port the principles of the United Nations charter.
In effect he rejected Wins¬ ton Churchill's proposal for Anglo - American "fraternal association," reiterated last night, and at the same time chided Soviet Russia for apparent willingness to use force to get what she wants.
In an address to th* 8oel*t]r et the Friendly Sons of St. Patrieic, Byrnes expressed alarm at tha rapid demobilization of America's armed forces at a time when 11.8. commitments abroad call for mili¬ tary might. Urging extension ef the draft and prompt adoption of a universal military training pro¬ gram, Byrnes said:
"While other nations remain armed, the United States, In the interest of world peace, cannot dis¬ arm."
Why Power Is Needed
Conceding that the people have a right to know what purpoae this country's reserve military power might one day be put, Byrnes said "The answer Is simple."
"Jhe United States," he said, "U committed to the support of tha charter of the United Nations. Should tha occasion arise, our mili¬ tary strength will be used to sup¬ port the purpose and principles of the   charter."
Declaring that this country loolu to the Unled Natlona as the patb to enduring peace," he added:
"We do not propose to seek security In an alliance with the Soviet Union against Great Britain or In an alliance with Great Britain against the Soviet Union. We pro- pos* to stand with the United Na¬ tions In our efforts to aecure equal justice for all nations and special privilege for no nation."
Among the 2,300 guests st the banquet were Francis C^ardlnal Spellman, who flew back to New York from St. Louis, where he liad attended servlcea for the late Cardinal  Glennon.
Bj-rnes'  speech vr*M   not broad¬ cast. No Aggression
Byrnes mnde It clear that tha United .States will not "use our ."Irength for aggressive purposes." lie scored those who "sometimes think that whatever they want s'ould be taken by force Instead of making their claims the baais for spsclal negotiations."
Perhaps Ihinking of th* Sevl*t show of military power In Iran and n' reported Sovl»t looting of In¬ dustry in Manchuria. Byrnes spok* of "some who still believe that they rannot get Iheir du* *xcept bjr force."
And hs chided thoae "who •till oelieve that ancient privilege will yield to nothing but force ef arma."
It was his second major addreas on foreign policy within two weeks. It   also   contained   what   might he   construed   as   a   friendly   sug¬ gestion  to  Ru.ssia that  she Is per- liaps   lon   wil'.ing   to   use   force   t4 KPt what she wails. Need  Peace Psychology I    Remarking that It takes time and I patience     to     change     from     the j "psychology   of   war   to   the   psy¬ chology  of   peace."   Byrnes   chided Ihose "who still believe that ancient privilege will yield to  nothing but force of arms."
Byrnes also expressed confidence that   present  world  dlffleultles  ean be   solved   "if   all   of   us   approaeh Ihose difficulties in a spirit of con¬ ciliation and good will." "W'p must have patience, as weB he said,  referring te In   Iran   and
"After the Second World War, he can propose nothing more Ihan the strategic plan he tried to carry out after the first war , . . a crusade which collapsed as one of history's most ignoble pages,"  it said.
The  New  Times  said  that  when'as  firmness Churchill   was   trying   to   organize | Big   Three   troubles nn   Bnti-5?oviet   drive   between   thcjMnnchurla. two world  wars  he  "ardently  andl    "\Ve muat  keep our  feet en  the violently   welcomed   Fascism   as   a i ground
reliable   barrier   against   the   Bo!-|    -vVe ' cannot   afford   to   loae   MT shevilt    danger       and      lavisl •¦ i tpn,pprs "
pralferi" Benito Mussolini and Gen-      Bvrnes     challenged     ChurehflTs eralissimo Francisco Franco. I thesis     that    an    Anglo-Amerleu
Ridiculing Churchill's use of thei "fraternal association" Is needed te phrase   "iron   curtain"   lo   describeisiem  the tide of Communism. "Hie .illeged   Soviet   domination   of   all| secretary  welcomed  "an open  and (Continued   on   Page   B-6) (Continued  on   Pagt*  B-6)
'Rookie' Cop, Grenade Caused
UNRRA NOT RESPONSIBLE fie|./;„ fi/oj* Death and Injury
FOR FEEDING FILIPINOS
Atlantic   City,   N.   J..   March   16 (UP)—The   United   Nations   Relief would   relieve   the   relatively   weak jand   Rehabilitation   Association   to Iranian government of the pressure of   big   power   demands   and   pro
All
posals for exploitation of these re¬ sources.
In Tehran, llndersecretarv of War Prince Mozaffer H. Firoui denied that his superior. War Min¬ ister Ahmad AhmadI had said ye.s¬ terday that Iran would fight to the last man in defenae of the country's Independence. There was an error In translation, he added, which resulted In AhmadI being misquoted.
Accounts from Iran said tor- tConUnued on Fag* A-15)
By CHARI.rS R. RERNAHD I hy.  according  to  police.
Berlin,    March    16.    (UPi—One iCrf-rmans.
person  was  killed  and  122  injured I     Paul Markgraf,  president ef th*
¦   1 . .  11 r- -   ,^„.i.,. D„™,Vi^"fk™>'todny  when HI. unidcntifie<l "rookie" ! police,   said    the    "rookie"    police-
night '"';' G^-n-    "lo» R°fn"'° th^ accid-'ntallv    drew    the; man was under arrest but tfiat he
because the United States can pay  p,„ ,^„^ ^ ^,,„j ^.rcm.de and thei | was merely • toying" with ths hand
los.<ied it into an ummiinition sloclt-1 grenade and pulled th* pin by mis- pile, inke.
Twenty-nino  were   injured   seri-      Buildings were shaken and wln- ously. dows   shattered   In   a   wide   araa.
for relief to the Philippines it was unlikely that the $100,000,000 Uie Islands were asking from I'NRRA would be granted.
IfNRRA spokesmen said that until the Philippines could prove they were unable to .pay for relief, UNRRA was compelled to take Into consideration that the Unlterf States had responsibility for thc Philippines.
Romulo aaid that th* Phillipines building  is  in  th needed   $100,000,000   and   had   re-i.%11 German*
Carman civil police headquar¬ ters where the 'ucldent occurred was deitrovcd by the explosion, but most of the occupants man¬ aged to escape before the grenade explosion ignited the stockpile authorities s,»ld.
ceived "barely |3,0O0,0Oa"
.''ome Russoan soldiers were sta¬ tioned nearby but none waa in¬ jured.
The   explosion   occurred   In    the
back  yard  where  contraband   am-
-"lurition was dumped  after being
I'he headquarters .ccllected   from  Germans  or  founa
Russian  sector, living    about    Berlin.     Perlodleall/
e   accumulstton   Is   removed   M
Most of Iho victims wer* passers-i suburban  duinp*.