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A Paper For* The Home SUNDAY INDE^PfiNS^^f^ tfe 40TH YEAR, NO. 6 — 52 PAGES CNITED PHBSS Wirt Nnrt Berfir* WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1945 PRICE TEN CENTS New Bomber CrossesKing Says ^ Nation in 5 Hr. 17 Min. Seapower Averaging 432 m.p.ii. gggt jgpgn Washington, Dec. 8. (UP)—An ¦Irplane with two engines In IU bellv and twin propellers In Its tall the Army's Douglas XB-42 "Mixmaater," flew here nonstop from Liong Beach, Calif., In five hours 17 minutes, and 34 seconds loday, establishing a new cross- eontinent speed record. The Mixmaster, a medium bomb¬ er in wartime and a M-passenger transport in peace, left Liong Beach at. 1:22 p.m. EST and buized Boil¬ ing Field here at 6:39.34 p.m. afUr a 2,295-mile flight In which it av¬ eraged 432 miles an hour. In so doing It broke the unoffi¬ cial record of six hours and three minutes set by a Boeing C-B7 trans¬ port in a rerent flight from Seattle lo Waahington. Faater Ttian Expected The new record is unofficial, too, two minutea faster than IU pilots expected It to. The plane was piloted by Lt.-Col. H. E. Warden, chief of the Air Transport Command's bombard¬ ment branch. His co-pilot and the only other occupant of the craft was Capt. Glen W. Edwards. As a medium bomber the XB-42 would carry three crew members. After bussing the field and being clocked In, the Mixmaster landed - and immediately developed me- rhanical trouble. It was supposed to taxi to where a large group of photographers, Army officials, and Douglas Aircraft Corp. officials were waiting to greet the pilots. Had to Be Pushed About 100 yards away It stopped dead. Some 50 Gl's saved the oc¬ casion by pushing and pulling It to the reception center. Finally, because the MIxmasters route was about 46 minutea after landing, the not plotted by the National Aero- pilots got their feet on the ground ¦ • - • '¦.. again. They were greeted by Brig. Gen. Reuben C. Hood, deputy chief of the Army's air staff. nautical Association. Pushed most of the way by a tail wind provided by nature In sdditioM to that generated by its! Thc plane, whieh took Army and counter - rotating propellers, the Douglas two years to develop and plane made the cross-pountry dash' (Continued on Page A-14) CM Auto Strikers Reject President Truman's Plan, Call It Strike-Breaking Detroit, Dec. 8, (UP)—Sharply rejecting a White House appeal for an end of the General Motors shutdown, tiie United Automobile Work¬ ers Union (CIO) tonight accused President Tuman of using a police- mans club" to abrogate labor's right to strike. UAW President R. J. Thomas sternly warned the President that he ft'ua "striking at the heart" of the program which gave the Democratle partv an election victory in 1944. Aa the powerful union mobilized its 630,000 members for a fight against the administration'a '¦'^- legislation proposals, the wage dis¬ pute paralyzing General Motors | appeared no nearer settlement thanj when 175.000 workers struck 93 GM i plants 18 daya ago. A conference of 200 delegates representing GM local unions bit¬ terly spurned the company's re- prated offer to Increase wages by 13'.' cents an hour, or approxi¬ mately 10 per cent. The conference ssld the strike would not end until the union's 30 per cent wage gain drmanda had been "fully satisfied." Then the delegates angrily re¬ jected Mr. Truman's appeal for an immediate return to work as s SIKERS REBEL AS OWNER STARTS TO DISSOLVE FIRM Holland. Mich. Dec. I. (UP)— ..J, , ,. „, .,„,.i„4;._'> ._ ,^.in».i.^i AFL teamsters' union drivers, re- 4. J^'^^r.i^J niS^MMlni, Tt wSr >«»"W a«~n« •t'-iks orders, todsy ^ fi^^'wif P'«'"''"°" •' «'"^- j ssked Daniel J. Tobin, International TM.jri. i,i«„.,.^ .w«, ...<.w. .tti president of ths union, to Inter- ..r;°v.T""„''±^"\!l'i'*'^2i^^": vene In the threatened di«iolution •fcaii tude by condVnning President Tru an's requeot for compulsory fsct- ffnding boards and a mandatory 30-dsy "cooling off period before strikes can be called. • "It would tear from the hands of labor unluna the maJor weapon essential to effective coUactlve bar¬ gaining with the luitl-lahor mana¬ gerial groupi of billion dollar cor¬ porations," he asserted. "Without thc right to strike at a time chosen hy Ihe union you Juat do not bar- ruin collectively with the kind of nianagcmmt that Jiiobile induatry." of the Holland Motor Express Company. The $250,000. five-state trucking system was ordered dissolved by Its owner. John Cooper, when his 140 drivers, striking on orders of Local 406, were unable to halt a four-day stoppage. Blame Organiser Forty of tbe drivers, who banded together In an effort to end the stoppage, wired Tobin that Tom __ Burke, union organizer from Grand runs the"auto-lRapids wan largely responsible for 'the situation and aaked his removal (ailed Mtrike-BicaUng 'rom power 'at once." Thomas virtually charged the They accused Burke President of with a strike-breaking movement when he cited* the differ¬ ence between the Railway Labor Art signed by President Coolidge and Mr. Truman's proposal. "President Coolidge broke no strike when he signed the Rail¬ way Labor Act In 1B26." he said. "There was no major railroad atrlke at that time. The proposal of President Truman Is completely snd utterly different. . . The labor chieftain emphasised that under the Railway Act there is no compulsory cooling off period during which a strike Is banned. Also, he said, the act provides no penaltiea on labor unions. Under Mr. Trumnn's proposal, however, strikes called during the ."today cooUng-off Interim would be illegal and strikers Involved "would be aubject to penalties" of other federsi labor acts, Thomas said "There Is no question that en¬ actment of the bill will result In (Continued on Page A-14) Incom¬ petence and charged that "an In¬ justice hsd been done" to Cooper, who yesterday gave the drivers until 4 p.m. to settle the walkout. Cooper said he would begin Im¬ mediately to dispose of 180 piecei of equipment, including trucks, trailers and pickups. The Holland firm was Ued up because of a teamsters union em¬ bargo against deliveries for the Standard Grocery Company, Grand Raplda. The Grand Rapids union ordered a work stoppage against Cooper, charging his trucks had violated the embargo. Cooper op¬ erated in Michigan, Illinois, Ken tucky, Ohio and Indiana. Last Report Advises Against Merger Plan; Tells of New Weapons; Wants to Keep WAVES Waahington, Dec. 8. (UP)—Adm. Earnest J. King declared tonight that seapower whipped Japan and the war's No. 1 lesson waa that attempts to unify the armed forcea at the top would be "Ill-advised and impracticable." The five-star fleet admiral who directed this country"s war at sea made these declarations In his third and last report as chief of naval operations to the Secretary of Navy. His successor In the Navy's top post is Fleet Adm. Chester W, Nimitz. King's 61-page report made these points: 1.—Japan's defeat "waa directly due to our ovei-whelmlng power at sea," Japanese seapower was In¬ effectual in the long run because it "was hampered by Army con¬ trol.'" 2.—Science In this war developed many terrible new weapons In addi¬ tion to the atomic bomb and radar, among them long-range guided missiles carrying atomic charges and a completely automatic sight- Inch naval gun which was rea.iy for the fleet at the war's end. 8—The United SUtes must "re- msln ever ready to support and maintain the peace of tha world by being ever ready to back up ita words with deeds." Expected Longer War 4.—The "most definite and most important lesson" of ths war is that U. S. seapower must remain an Independent service with Its own air branch. B.—The Pacific War ended long befora the high command, as late as August, 1943, expected It te. Staff chiefs had planned on the possibility that Japan would still be flghting far Into 1947. 8.—The Navy wants to keep Ita women's auxiliary, the WAVK.S. King said "unity of command at the highest military level" never was seriously considered during the war. It Is a matter of record, he added, that the system which was used - the joint chiefs of staff —"proved Its worth." This war, King said, produced no one mai, qualifled to he "military com¬ mander of all the armed forces." The fleet admiral's arguments against unification had been aired for the most part before. Whether they will prevail remains to be seen. President Truman Is expected to make his vlewr known In n mcasage to Congress, possibly next week. Mr. Truman Is believed to favor merger, as proposed by the War Department Iwe, Okinawa Convinced Jape King's final report dcaM largely with the concluding phase of the war, starting with the bloody con¬ quest of Iwo Jlma and ending wlUi the occupation of Japan. It was their Inability to hold Iwo and Okinawa, King said, that persuaded the Japaneae "that the end could not be long delayed." King emphasized that It waa the fleet, operating thousands of ships over the Pacific's vast reaches, which brought this country's over¬ whelming power finally to bear on the Japanese homeland. The capture of laland bases from which to launch destruction at Tokyo itself was accompliahed by what he called "the outstanding development of this war," amphi¬ bious operations. Theae operations, he added, were made possible by destruction of the Japanese navy. At the war's end. King said, Adm. William F. Halsey's Third Fleet was carrying out bombard¬ ments and bombings In prepara¬ tion for what would have been the Here's Where It All Started Germans Tapped F.D.R.-Chur€hUI Telephone Calls Marshall Says If May Have Been Why He Didn't Phone Gen. Short; Takes Blame for Nof Ordering Pearl Harbor Alerted for Attack Washington, Dec. 8. (UP)—C;en. George C. Marshall disclosed today that the Germana intercepted pre-war telephone conversations between the late President Roosevelt and former British Prime Minister Wins¬ ton Churchill. He told the Pearl Harbor Investigating committee that knowledge of the Uerman interceptions may have been one reiison why he did not telephone a war warning to Hawaii on the morning of Dec. 7, 1941. The message was dispatched by Western Union and commercial cable und did not reach Lt. Gen. Walter Cieneral view as Japanese Diet convened with brief message from Emperor Hirohito. shown center, reading. He called upon people to work for peace and prosperity. (Acme Photo by Tom Shafer.) MARINES SHELL CHINESE VILLAGE U.S. CO-OPERATION FOR IRLO PEACE STRESSEDIBYGOP National CommittM Winds Up Sessions; Hart, Wilson Speak Infamous General Homma Will Fate Trial Next 19 KILLED, 4 HURT IN CRASH OF C-47; VETSONWAYHOME Permitted Horrors Of 'Death March', Bombed Manila By RALPH TEATSWORTH Tokyo, Dec. 8. (UP) Lt. Gen, Masaharu Homma. former com¬ mander of Japanese forces In the Philippines who permitted the In- New York. Dec. ». (UP)—Amer¬ ican Marines shelled a village In north China last Tuesday when natives refused to surrender two men suspected of killing one Marine and wounding another, an NBC correspondent reported from Shanghai today. ^ The correspondent, Cal Hirsch. said that Maj. Gen, Keller E. Rockey, 3rd Amphibious Corps commander directing American Marines in north China, ordered tlie shelling of the village near Anshan. in Hopeh province 48 miles southwest of Shanhaikwan. Mortars Anawered Reprisal Hirsch reported that the Marinea fired 24 rounds of 66 millimeter rV- . l»i^ „/ii.r,.,ii. nvi.tnH biggest amphibious operations of Cooper said no disputes existed »¦> i.r»i.,jr.,i„" .r.,) ••r-.._...> •> between him and his drivers who »"',„. °'y'"E''=„. ?,'^^„H.^fTt 1 opposed the walkout but "were "«.*'"'. ?h. -^^vo iT^ln .p« *^ forced to take action by the Grand »hu and the Tokyo plain area. Rapids Union.' "rat In All Hiatory ¦The Standard Grocery embargo | He summed up the whole Pacific developed from an AFL program I struggle In theae words: to unionize 700 retail grocery stores I "Never before In the history of In Western Michigan supplied by i war had there been a more con the firm. f Stilwell flies Continent fo Give Medal to Sister of Jap-Yank Hero Talbert, Calif., Dec. 8 (UP) — Laat May five men tried to ter¬ rorize the Japanese - American Masuda family into leaving their Ilttle farm home here. Today Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, Who flew all the wav across the continent, just for the occasion, atood on the front porch of the same farmhouse and gave Mary Masuda the Distinguished Service Cross her brother. Kazuo, won posthumously. Tslbert was proud of the Ma- audas today. The town turned out In Its Sunday best. Miss Masuda's father and mother and two brothers were In the Ilttle group on the porch. One of those brothers was wounded In France the other was honorably discharged from the Army, and a third still Is with the Army In the Pacific. A Desperate F1ght4>r The townsfolk Hatened Intently to hr reading of the citation, which lold of Sgt. Kazuo Masuda's hero¬ ism. Masuda. a member of the In Today'a 'aaue B—I C—t c—4 Sports Kdltnrial ......""Z Outdoor _ Social „... «»<"» .« C—10 •lovlrs „ (' 10 (latalAed .'.'..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'I.'.'.'.'..C—U 442nd Japanese-American regi¬ mental combat team in Italy, walked through 200 yards of enemy flre to set up single-handed an im¬ provised mortar position. From the position he had cstab- lisher, Masuda poured 20 rounds point blank into the Nazis fsclng him. They came back with hell¬ ishly mortar and artillery flre. bul he held his ground and atopped the German attack cold. Two weeks later, on Aug. 27, 1944, Masuda found himself only five yards from thc enemy. Hc ordered nia squad to withdraw and hc re¬ mained to cover them. Next day they found his body, a machine gun still clutched in his hand. In Relocation Center Thc Masudas spent part of Ilv war In a relocation center. When they returned home laat May, a group of "100 pcr cent Americans" visited the farmhouse and threat¬ ened them unless they left. The.\* were still here today, when Gen. Stilwell arrived. Stilwell landed at the Orange counfy airport early this morning aftor a transcontinental flight in an Army bomber typical of his per¬ sonal campaign for proper treat¬ ment of lo.val Nisei aoldiers. (Jen. Stilwell has championed the cause of the Japanese-American soldier since the Burma campaign when he had !<nme of tliem under his command. vincing example of the effective¬ ness of sea power than when a well-armed, highly efficient and undefeated army of over 1.000,000 men surrendered their homeland unconditionally to the Invader with¬ out even token resistance. "True, the devastation already wrought by past bombings, as well as the terrible demonstration of power by the first atomic bombs, (Continued on Page A-14) Want to Hear Voice of Doom? Washington. Dec. 8. (UP) — Tune in tomorrow on the Vol^ of Doom. It won't be the Voice of Doom; exactly, but the War Department says It will be "the sound gener¬ ated by uranium."" Uranium is che stuff which, when Its atoms cpllt, dcatiovs rl'ies. The Wav . pa inci 1 v^ill broadcast ..oundi emitted by uranium on thc NBC National Ho,ur, .itarting at 4 p. m. EJST. It will, the depuvtiTif ^.'^^d, be the flrst time in iiistorv that uranium haa made a co.ist-to- coast broadcast. A bit of uranium encased In a metal container will be held clo.^e to a Cielger-MuUer counter, a device used by acientists to gauge radioactivity. Uranium, being radioactive, emits tiny hits of atomic matter cnlled protons, electrons, photons and alpha particles. As the counter counts them, the aound produced will go on the air. It is nnt expected tn he anything like the sound heard at Hiroshima and NagasakL Chicago. Dee. S (UP)—The Re¬ publican nationai committee to¬ night wound up its two-day meet¬ ing on plans for the 1946 elections with a program stressing full co¬ operation with other nations for permanent world peace. The foreign policy pledge was outlined by Sen. Iliomas C. Hart (R., Conn.) and Hugh R. Wilson, former ambassador to Germany. Beoority Ik Paramount "Our main concern today, and for aome time to come, lies in|N. security—our own security In par¬ ticular and that of the world In general," Hart said In an address to the committee. Speaking on an NBC radio pro¬ gram. Wilson, head of ths (30P committee's foreign affairs sec¬ tion, said: "The keynote of our foreign policy Is complete support of the United Nations Organization Itself, and complete co-operation with other nations through all Interna¬ tional organizations." On thc same broadcast Hart said, "There"s no difference between thc major partiea in their ultimate oli- jectiws (in international affaira). But differences have developed as to how to attain these objectives." Participation In UNO, assistance to other countries, and rejection of "great power dominion"' over amall nations were Included In the par¬ ty's 1946 platform presented to the committee by Republican members of Congress. For Qualifled Help te Europe Hart told ths committee that the United States must aid war strick¬ en European countries, but "we must not exhaust ourselves too greatly In alleviating their plight." He called for full support of the United Nations Organization, em¬ phasized the necessity for coopera¬ tion between the United States. Russia and China, and told ti.e committee there is no place for partisan politics In foreign affairs. "The highlight of our own future problem to the eastward — and ac¬ tually It pertains to the Orient as well — Is to achieve successful co¬ operation between America and Russia in meeting those problems which must be solved If world se¬ curity Is to be attained." Prevention of future wars, hc told the committee, "seems to de¬ pend upon the co-operation of Rus¬ sia and the United States much more closely than docs any other relationship, singly or collectively"" • Hart, commander of the Asiatic Fleet at the opening of the wnr. warned that the Orient constitutes an "explosive element" which must not be disregarded famous "Death March," and four'mortar shells wheii'the nativesre- other lesser Japanese officers wlUlftjged to hand over the two sus Sought 'Hole' in Snow To Land at Billings; Inquiry Is Ordered Billings, Mont, Dec. 8. (UP) - Seventeen soldiers and two civil¬ ians were killed and four soldlera were injured today when a C-i7 Army tranaport. sn route to Seattle on a routine flight from Newari<, J., crashed and burned in a be tried in Manila for war crimes k^n. Douglas MacArthur an- I nounced toda>-. ! The dates of the trials will be 1 decided by l.t. Gen. W. D. Slver. pected men. The Marines were Identified only as a corporal and a private first claas. 'The broadcast quoted Rockey as saying the Marines had been at jccmniiindcr of Army forces In the tacked while rabbit hunting near wc&lerii Pacific. j Specific war crimes charges in¬ clude: 1. Atrocities sgainst American and Allied military personnel and civilians. Bombed Open City by General Mac- field one mile south of Hie Billings airport during a snow storm. All ot the servicemen were over- , , . seas veterans en route to west coaat i »*"l"""^" "P"" distribution centers for discharge I ¦'^""",'"- or reassignment, according to an! 3.—Tiie "Death March" from Ba- Army Air Corps officer from theltaan to San Fernando, during ferry command headquarters at which thousands of American and Cincinnati, O. | Filipino soldiers who had sur- The plane, operated by Norlh- rendered in good faith died, were west Airlines through contractual killed or needlessly maimed. C. Short, Hawaiian Army com¬ mander, until hours after the Japanese sneak attack. Under questioning by committee membera, Marshall took a shars of War Department rejiponslblllty for not realizing in late November that Short's command was not properly alerted for a surprise at¬ tack. In response to a warning from Washington of possible hos¬ tilities, Short sent a reply Indicat¬ ing his command was alerted for sabotage only. Oerow Had Taken Blame Last week Lt. Ckjn. Leonard T. Gerow. formtr chief of the Army's war plans division, told the com¬ mittee he would take whatever blame there was for not noting that Short's reply was Inadequate. Sen. Homer Ferguson, R., Mich., asked Marshall if he agreed that it waa Gerow's "full responsibility." '"I would not say that this wao hi.s full responaibiliiy," Marshall re¬ plied. "It was his direct responsi¬ bility. But I hnd a responslbilltT as chief of staff, too."" Marshall's first war warning, the one to which Short replied, waa sent Nov. 27, 1941. The second, which arrived too late, was sent a short time before the Dec. 7 attack. Asked why he did not call Bhort directly by telephone to deliver tha fecond warning, Marshall alluded to the Roosevelt-Churchill talka "l"m not aure, looking back on It now, whether that waa the rea¬ son I didn"t use the telephone at that time." Marshall ssld. "I do recall, however, that Mr. Roosevelt frequently talked fo Mr. Churchill on the telephone aad that their conversationa wsre !•> tercepted by the Ormana." -'.- The bombing of Manila dur¬ ing the Japanese drive down the island chain. The city had been| broadcajL Anshan. The private was killed in¬ stantly but his companion aurvived a second blast of gun flre atter he had fallen, badly wounded. After the attack, the aaaailanta fled to Anshan and took refuge Considered Security thare. Rockey Issued the villagers Marshall explained security _ an ofBcial order demanding sur- a consideration. He knew the mea> render of the attackers, hut his!sage, as it was sent, would be la order was ignored according to the code. He told the committee that arrangement with ths Army, crashed as It came In for a landing on the field about 2: IS a.m. (4:15 a.m. BJST) Northwest Airlines identified the Homma pilot as George D. Miilcr and the ^^narato _it_. ir...... Air nf.. Hni.....l. . ¦ . __ 4.—Violation of the laws of war¬ fare. Gen. MacArthur'a legal ataff has listed two main charges against thc firs',, containing spccilications 42 The two Marines were members of the 4th Platoon, Company 8. 1st BatUllon, 29th Regiment. Their names were withheld pending noti¬ fication of next of kin. Rockey was quoted as aaying he ordered the village fired upon only after following detailed instructions designed by U. (Jen. Albert C. Wedemeyer, U.& commander In China. ECUADOR SAYS U.S. FIRM co-pilot as Vernon W. Pfannkuclt, chat Homniu "unlm-fiilly disergurd- TRIED TO STIR REVOLT both of Minneapolis. Nanus of the ^.j and failed to discharge hlsJ Army men were withheld pending duties x x x failed to control the Quito, Ecuador, Dec. 8. (UP) notification' of next of kin. imen under hi.s command x x x per- Interior Minister Carlos Guevara! \||nigter on the telephone. He lUso Apparently trying to find a niltted bruta> atroi ities and other Moreno charged today that the i tgiii^^j („ j|f Bullit (William C Ambursen Engineering Cto. of New I By„m t^^,, „„ ambassador-at- every effort waa being made not t« give the Japanese a chance to claim that this country took tho firat overt action. Ferguson wanted to know hew using the telephone could hava been called an overt act. "I think tbe Japanese would have grasped at any straw ta prove to such sections of our pub¬ lic as doubted our integrity that wo had committed an overt act," Mar¬ shall said. He added that the .Tapaneao might have intercepted the mes¬ sage If It had been telephoned. In thla connection he added: "Mr. Roosevelt was In the fre¬ quent habit of talking to the Prime "hole" In the storm to land, the high crimes against Americans and plane was In constant contact with | Allies."" the control tower as it circled over otberH Face Trial Billings several time. Suddenly; t^,,,, „,,,„.»„ w., ,,i.j „„. contact was broken and the plane Tl>« ""^hers to be tried are. was found virtually demolished Lt. Col. Sellchi Ohta, commander __.^ and burning In the valley below. o' the Japanese miliUry police in representative Bodies were scattered over a 'he Philippines In 1946. wide area. Police said the plane Maj. Zenzo Saito, commander ofkhe company has been barred '"""m | jjj"gj."pp(pj apparently crashed after It struck the Japanese "Tiger Unit" In the further operations here. !- the tops of several trees and barely Philippines in 1942. Moreno said other Vork attempted to finance a revo-j ig^^gg {„ London i recollect that lution in Ecuador to (overthrow the those talks were intercepted by the government of Joe Maria Velasco | Germans." "'!!'''¦'• ,.r.. o. . 1 , t'rged "Sicrambier" Phone Spencer Wilson Stewart, loca^ Marshall said he had a test mado Bsentative of tlie Arnbursen!„„ j^e transatlantic cable and ^°' .'i^_^!^"u°/J*l?ll'LP!,"S'',™, found that conversations could bo He said he urged Mr. »-,—i,.-1 Roosevelt and Churchill to use American ,,.,.. ._u„_, a,,t i» «, Ecuador! scrambler" 'phone. not until long after But It the war was had missed several high tension wires. Maj. Takashio Tohei, commander. "rms doing business in ^ ^^^ ^___^_^ _^___ Only a few hundred yards away ,f the Japanese KempeiUi garrl-^were approached by the Ambursen ^ suitable scrambler were the almost vertical walls of son in Manila In 1944 and 1945. I company, including the Interna-' the Rim Rock mountains. Col. Okira Hagahama, command- Board of inquiry, composed of cr of the Japanese miliUry police Army Air Corps officers, was cn {in the Philippines from 1942 through route here from Cincinnati and St.'1944, Paul. Minn. The ferry command; The charges against Homma In officer said doctors reported thc ^lude thc responsibility condition of the six injured men bombing of Manila Dec. 27 and Dec. UonaTp^etroleumFo. anS the'^uth -as developed, he told the commit- American Development Co., with' '*'' thc proposal .hat ihey help finance to bo "very favorable." ARGENTINE POLITICS BRINGS TWO DEATHS Buenos Aires, Dec. 8. (UP) -Two persons were killed and a dozen wounded during a Democratic Union mass-meeting today. An estimated 200,000 persons par¬ ticipated in the fimt nubile meet¬ ing of the Democratic Union 28, 1941, after MacArthur pro¬ claimed Ihe city open and unde¬ fended; the bombing of General Hoapital No. 1 on Bataan April 7, killing 69 Americans and 52 Fili¬ pinos, the artillery shelling of Gen¬ eral Hospital No. 2 during April and May when the Japanese de¬ liberately placed their artillery on the hospital grounds to draw fire from the big guns of Corregidor. Ignored White Flag The charges also specify that Homma was responsible for the the revolution, offering to con¬ tribute $80,000 by Itself. One of fnr" /h^ the approached firms revealed the ior me I plot to the government, the minis¬ ter said. He asserted the Amburs«>n Co. hid exhausted the funds received Marshall said '"a telephone Is a very easy Instrument to tap and a radio telephone is even easier." But in any event, if hc had called anyone on ' Dec. 7, he added, hs would have called Gen. Douglas MacArtnur in the Philippinea first. It was his pre-Pearl Harbor be- from the Exoort Import Bank for lief that any Japanese offensive the construction of the highway, would be aimed southward toward without completing the work, and ithe Phiiippmes rather than the It sought to foment a revolution as daring attack on Pearl Harbor, a way out of IU predlcUment. ' (Continued on Page A-14) :^'^mLi^ p^i^^'or/Jii^ ^^^-I'j-^i^^^^^ Bring Jap Who Sank U.S. Cruiser To Court Martial of its Commander parties, organized last month to oppose the prcsidcn He said China Is friendly to the Itial aspirations of Col. Juan D (Continued on Page A-141 'Peron. ArnoldWants an Informed And Well-Armed America starving and mistreatment ofl Americans and Fillplno.s and thej air strafing of the Marivales Air¬ field after Bataan fell despite the} prominent display of a white flagi of truce. i ONLY FEW CARETAKERS TO REMAIN ON IE SHIMA New York, Dec. 8 (UP)—The:vide for national security. By this ; Filipinos were killed need for an intelligence service11 do not mvan that we should that will keep the United States; become an aggressor nation—but Informed of posaible attack bylwc must plan and prepare an effec- atomlc weapona was stressed to-1live offense as a realistic method night by Gen. H. H. Arnold, head of Insuring peace and wc mu.st lie of the U. S. Air Force, who alaoi ready to use It always at a mo- sald that we assign our most bril- ment's notice."" Hant scientists to develop weapons No More Pearl Harbor* for national defenae. | Arnold said that in a next war _ ,, . , .. T. 1 I'here would bc no Pearl Harbor Speaking before the Pennsyl-ij,ut that there would pro! vaia Society at the Waldorf Hiroshimas ind Nagasakis. i.i»r,H after accepting a ..The nation that is prepared to ^bout Washington. Dec. 8. (UP)—Clmdr. (heavy casualties in the loas of UlO liic Hashimoto, Jopaneae sub-| Indianapolis when it was not hlo marine captain who boasted hej fault. !fank the U. S. cruiser Indianapolis. I ..-phe relatives of the Indlanapello will testify at the court marrtial yiptims will demand to know wbj TT .u. ... t.ial of Capt. Charles B. McVay the high command dispatched the Homma was responsible, theijji the Navy announced today. '^ '^¦ iharges state, for the series of ^he Navy is flving Hashimoto death marches from April fl to fr„,„ Japan to tesJfy against Mc- April 27 involving about 10.500 Vay, captain of the Indianaiwlis Anicrlcan.s and 74.000 Filipinos in a ..vho is charged with Incompetence fiO to 120 kilometer march durlngjand neglect of duly. The cruiser J," ,"f-,i_';^irt in'iLs current Taa'ue which 1,200 Americans and le.OOOlsank in the Philippine Sea last ^""*"" ¦*'"'"'" '^""•"* '••"•' ship into enemy submarine watera without a suitable escort and then allowed that ship to disappear without trace for the better part of a week,"" the Army and Navy Survivors of I disaster were in the Indianapella the water fsr flVO U. S. Arm.v Headquarters. West¬ ern Paclflc, Dec. 8 (UP) -Army officials plan to evacuate all per- the Pennsyl-lL"7^.u'^.°'!'u'' "^ "'',/''''»" ""¦'¦'o'- .sonnel but a small care-taking de- Astoria Hotel after accepting ^ "'Toshimas ind .Nagaaakis. ,„and airb.isc off Okinawa whers gold medal as the otstanding Penn sylvanlan of the year, Arnold said that we must take advantage of the bases we have won. I July 30 with the loss of 880 officers, land inen. ,,.„., ,.„.,„,j,„ idays before they were picked u*. Hashimoto left Tokyo yesterday; „.f u„„- („.fifi«Vi .« <Su> Ia- Naval Air Transport plane «nd ^^ t"e"e» h"^,?,^'"'''''^ J" *»* ;is expected to arrive in Washing-.^""tm^tial that 8W to W tnn Mondav or Tuesday. f"' °^ the ship but that only about , IHdn't Zig Zag 400 survived. Thc .iudge advocate of the court [ Had No Cliance martial called the Jap submarine i "The.se same relatives will oueo- commander to strengthen thc Navy'tion what earthly good could hava intention that thc Indianapolis ibeen accomplished by the eaptats WHS torpedoed. McVay is charged ordering abandon ship if the high .vHh failing to ziy zag the war- command had no intention of pre- ship in waters known to be in-'serving any scmbl ince of conUct to afford rescue."' the Bulletin said. The court martial was in recess The publication said the first '» prepared lo^bout 400 Ameriian servicemen! use the supcrplane and aUper-|„nd War Correspondent Ernie Pyle feted with enemy submarines, explosive of the future may win are burled Army officinls an-: The court martial was in rec a war as soon as it starts." ho nounced today. until Tuesday awaiting arrival of announcement of the Indianapolis said. Evacuation" i.-i fxpccted to be Hashimoto and 20 survivors of the'disaiiter was made deliberately at "We must use the most modern Another speaker was Adm. Ern- completed hv Keb. 1. Armv omdnls Indianapolis simimoned a.": wit- the time Japan surrendered last weapons of all kinds so that we,est J. King, who said that he wap zMi. On V-J Day more tiian 40.000 nesses. Aug 14. can beat any potential opponent |concerned witii thc proper militarv a'r and ground personnel were on Mranwiiilc. a new unoflicial jour- "Thus the Navy must have hoped to the draw. Our hope lies." hcibacking of our foreign policies "asihe flve-by-two mile island which nal for service personnel, thc Army to minimize this loss in an hour «ald, "in a policy of offensive read- a naval officer and a citizen and; nns used as « base for air opera-iand Navy Bulletin, charged that of public ecstasy and national iness to perpetuate peaee—to pro-1 taxpayer."' iloiis against Jspsn. 'the Nsvy was blaming McVay for i thankaglving," the Bulletin I
Object Description
Title | Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent |
Masthead | Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent |
Date | 1945-12-09 |
Month | 12 |
Day | 09 |
Year | 1945 |
Issue | 6 |
Publisher | Wilkes-Barre Independent Company |
Coverage | United States, Pennsylvania, Luzerne County, Wilkes-Barre |
Type | Sunday Newspaper |
Source | Microfilm |
Format | tiff |
Subject | Wilkes Barre PA Sunday Newspaper |
Description | An archive of the Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent newspaper. |
Rights | Public Domain |
Description
Title | Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent |
Masthead | Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent |
Date | 1945-12-09 |
Month | 12 |
Day | 09 |
Year | 1945 |
Issue | 6 |
Publisher | Wilkes-Barre Independent Company |
Coverage | United States, Pennsylvania, Luzerne County, Wilkes-Barre |
Type | Sunday Newspaper |
Source | Microfilm |
Format | tiff |
Subject | Wilkes Barre PA Sunday Newspaper |
Description | An archive of the Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent newspaper. |
Rights | Public Domain |
Sequence | 1 |
Page | 1 |
Technical Metadata | Image was scanned by OCLC at the Preservation Service Center in Bethlehem, PA. Archival Image is an 8-bit greyscale tiff that was scanned from film at 300 dpi. The original file size was 30438 kilobytes. |
FileName | 19451209_001.tif |
Date Digital | 2009-09-04 |
FullText |
A Paper For* The Home
SUNDAY INDE^PfiNS^^f^ tfe
40TH YEAR, NO. 6 — 52 PAGES
CNITED PHBSS Wirt Nnrt Berfir*
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1945
PRICE TEN CENTS
New Bomber CrossesKing Says
^ Nation in 5 Hr. 17 Min. Seapower Averaging 432 m.p.ii. gggt jgpgn
Washington, Dec. 8. (UP)—An ¦Irplane with two engines In IU bellv and twin propellers In Its tall the Army's Douglas XB-42 "Mixmaater," flew here nonstop from Liong Beach, Calif., In five hours 17 minutes, and 34 seconds loday, establishing a new cross- eontinent speed record.
The Mixmaster, a medium bomb¬ er in wartime and a M-passenger transport in peace, left Liong Beach at. 1:22 p.m. EST and buized Boil¬ ing Field here at 6:39.34 p.m. afUr a 2,295-mile flight In which it av¬ eraged 432 miles an hour.
In so doing It broke the unoffi¬ cial record of six hours and three minutes set by a Boeing C-B7 trans¬ port in a rerent flight from Seattle lo Waahington. Faater Ttian Expected
The new record is unofficial, too,
two minutea faster than IU pilots expected It to.
The plane was piloted by Lt.-Col. H. E. Warden, chief of the Air Transport Command's bombard¬ ment branch. His co-pilot and the only other occupant of the craft was Capt. Glen W. Edwards. As a medium bomber the XB-42 would carry three crew members.
After bussing the field and being clocked In, the Mixmaster landed - and immediately developed me- rhanical trouble. It was supposed to taxi to where a large group of photographers, Army officials, and Douglas Aircraft Corp. officials were waiting to greet the pilots. Had to Be Pushed
About 100 yards away It stopped dead. Some 50 Gl's saved the oc¬ casion by pushing and pulling It to the reception center. Finally,
because the MIxmasters route was about 46 minutea after landing, the
not plotted by the National Aero- pilots got their feet on the ground
¦ • - • '¦.. again. They were greeted by Brig.
Gen. Reuben C. Hood, deputy chief of the Army's air staff.
nautical Association.
Pushed most of the way by a tail wind provided by nature In
sdditioM to that generated by its! Thc plane, whieh took Army and counter - rotating propellers, the Douglas two years to develop and plane made the cross-pountry dash' (Continued on Page A-14)
CM Auto Strikers Reject President Truman's Plan, Call It Strike-Breaking
Detroit, Dec. 8, (UP)—Sharply rejecting a White House appeal for an end of the General Motors shutdown, tiie United Automobile Work¬ ers Union (CIO) tonight accused President Tuman of using a police- mans club" to abrogate labor's right to strike.
UAW President R. J. Thomas sternly warned the President that he ft'ua "striking at the heart" of the program which gave the Democratle partv an election victory in 1944.
Aa the powerful union mobilized its 630,000 members for a fight against the administration'a '¦'^- legislation proposals, the wage dis¬ pute paralyzing General Motors | appeared no nearer settlement thanj when 175.000 workers struck 93 GM i plants 18 daya ago.
A conference of
200 delegates representing GM local unions bit¬ terly spurned the company's re- prated offer to Increase wages by 13'.' cents an hour, or approxi¬ mately 10 per cent. The conference ssld the strike would not end until the union's 30 per cent wage gain drmanda had been "fully satisfied." Then the delegates angrily re¬ jected Mr. Truman's appeal for an immediate return to work as s
SIKERS REBEL
AS OWNER STARTS
TO DISSOLVE FIRM
Holland. Mich. Dec. I. (UP)—
..J, , ,. „, .,„,.i„4;._'> ._ ,^.in».i.^i AFL teamsters' union drivers, re-
4. J^'^^r.i^J niS^MMlni, Tt wSr >«»"W a«~n« •t'-iks orders, todsy ^ fi^^'wif P'«'"''"°" •' «'"^- j ssked Daniel J. Tobin, International TM.jri. i,i«„.,.^ .w«, ...<.w. .tti president of ths union, to Inter- ..r;°v.T""„''±^"\!l'i'*'^2i^^": vene In the threatened di«iolution
•fcaii
tude by condVnning President Tru an's requeot for compulsory fsct- ffnding boards and a mandatory 30-dsy "cooling off period before strikes can be called. •
"It would tear from the hands of labor unluna the maJor weapon essential to effective coUactlve bar¬ gaining with the luitl-lahor mana¬ gerial groupi of billion dollar cor¬ porations," he asserted. "Without thc right to strike at a time chosen hy Ihe union you Juat do not bar- ruin collectively with the kind of nianagcmmt that Jiiobile induatry."
of the Holland Motor Express Company.
The $250,000. five-state trucking system was ordered dissolved by Its owner. John Cooper, when his 140 drivers, striking on orders of Local 406, were unable to halt a four-day stoppage. Blame Organiser
Forty of tbe drivers, who banded
together In an effort to end the
stoppage, wired Tobin that Tom
__ Burke, union organizer from Grand
runs the"auto-lRapids wan largely responsible for
'the situation and aaked his removal
(ailed Mtrike-BicaUng 'rom power 'at once."
Thomas virtually charged the They accused Burke President
of
with a strike-breaking movement when he cited* the differ¬ ence between the Railway Labor Art signed by President Coolidge and Mr. Truman's proposal.
"President Coolidge broke no strike when he signed the Rail¬ way Labor Act In 1B26." he said. "There was no major railroad atrlke at that time. The proposal of President Truman Is completely snd utterly different. . .
The labor chieftain emphasised that under the Railway Act there is no compulsory cooling off period during which a strike Is banned. Also, he said, the act provides no penaltiea on labor unions.
Under Mr. Trumnn's proposal, however, strikes called during the ."today cooUng-off Interim would be illegal and strikers Involved "would be aubject to penalties" of other federsi labor acts, Thomas said
"There Is no question that en¬ actment of the bill will result In (Continued on Page A-14)
Incom¬ petence and charged that "an In¬ justice hsd been done" to Cooper, who yesterday gave the drivers until 4 p.m. to settle the walkout.
Cooper said he would begin Im¬ mediately to dispose of 180 piecei of equipment, including trucks, trailers and pickups.
The Holland firm was Ued up because of a teamsters union em¬ bargo against deliveries for the Standard Grocery Company, Grand Raplda. The Grand Rapids union ordered a work stoppage against Cooper, charging his trucks had violated the embargo. Cooper op¬ erated in Michigan, Illinois, Ken tucky, Ohio and Indiana.
Last Report Advises Against Merger Plan; Tells of New Weapons; Wants to Keep WAVES
Waahington, Dec. 8. (UP)—Adm. Earnest J. King declared tonight that seapower whipped Japan and the war's No. 1 lesson waa that attempts to unify the armed forcea at the top would be "Ill-advised and impracticable."
The five-star fleet admiral who directed this country"s war at sea made these declarations In his third and last report as chief of naval operations to the Secretary of Navy. His successor In the Navy's top post is Fleet Adm. Chester W, Nimitz.
King's 61-page report made these points:
1.—Japan's defeat "waa directly due to our ovei-whelmlng power at sea," Japanese seapower was In¬ effectual in the long run because it "was hampered by Army con¬ trol.'"
2.—Science In this war developed many terrible new weapons In addi¬ tion to the atomic bomb and radar, among them long-range guided missiles carrying atomic charges and a completely automatic sight- Inch naval gun which was rea.iy for the fleet at the war's end.
8—The United SUtes must "re- msln ever ready to support and maintain the peace of tha world by being ever ready to back up ita words with deeds." Expected Longer War
4.—The "most definite and most important lesson" of ths war is that U. S. seapower must remain an Independent service with Its own air branch.
B.—The Pacific War ended long befora the high command, as late as August, 1943, expected It te. Staff chiefs had planned on the possibility that Japan would still be flghting far Into 1947.
8.—The Navy wants to keep Ita women's auxiliary, the WAVK.S.
King said "unity of command at the highest military level" never was seriously considered during the war. It Is a matter of record, he added, that the system which was used - the joint chiefs of staff —"proved Its worth." This war, King said, produced no one mai, qualifled to he "military com¬ mander of all the armed forces."
The fleet admiral's arguments against unification had been aired for the most part before. Whether they will prevail remains to be seen. President Truman Is expected to make his vlewr known In n mcasage to Congress, possibly next week. Mr. Truman Is believed to favor merger, as proposed by the War Department Iwe, Okinawa Convinced Jape
King's final report dcaM largely with the concluding phase of the war, starting with the bloody con¬ quest of Iwo Jlma and ending wlUi the occupation of Japan.
It was their Inability to hold Iwo and Okinawa, King said, that persuaded the Japaneae "that the end could not be long delayed."
King emphasized that It waa the fleet, operating thousands of ships over the Pacific's vast reaches, which brought this country's over¬ whelming power finally to bear on the Japanese homeland.
The capture of laland bases from which to launch destruction at Tokyo itself was accompliahed by what he called "the outstanding development of this war," amphi¬ bious operations. Theae operations, he added, were made possible by destruction of the Japanese navy.
At the war's end. King said, Adm. William F. Halsey's Third Fleet was carrying out bombard¬ ments and bombings In prepara¬ tion for what would have been the
Here's Where It All Started
Germans Tapped F.D.R.-Chur€hUI
Telephone Calls
Marshall Says If May Have Been Why He Didn't Phone Gen. Short; Takes Blame for Nof Ordering Pearl Harbor Alerted for Attack
Washington, Dec. 8. (UP)—C;en. George C. Marshall disclosed today that the Germana intercepted pre-war telephone conversations between the late President Roosevelt and former British Prime Minister Wins¬ ton Churchill.
He told the Pearl Harbor Investigating committee that knowledge of the Uerman interceptions may have been one reiison why he did not telephone a war warning to Hawaii on the morning of Dec. 7, 1941.
The message was dispatched by Western Union and commercial cable
und did not reach Lt. Gen. Walter
Cieneral view as Japanese Diet convened with brief message from
Emperor Hirohito. shown center, reading. He called upon people
to work for peace and prosperity. (Acme Photo by Tom Shafer.)
MARINES SHELL CHINESE VILLAGE
U.S. CO-OPERATION FOR IRLO PEACE STRESSEDIBYGOP
National CommittM Winds Up Sessions; Hart, Wilson Speak
Infamous General Homma Will Fate Trial Next
19 KILLED, 4 HURT IN CRASH OF C-47; VETSONWAYHOME
Permitted Horrors Of 'Death March', Bombed Manila
By RALPH TEATSWORTH
Tokyo, Dec. 8. (UP) Lt. Gen, Masaharu Homma. former com¬ mander of Japanese forces In the Philippines who permitted the In-
New York. Dec. ». (UP)—Amer¬ ican Marines shelled a village In north China last Tuesday when natives refused to surrender two men suspected of killing one Marine and wounding another, an NBC correspondent reported from Shanghai today. ^
The correspondent, Cal Hirsch. said that Maj. Gen, Keller E. Rockey, 3rd Amphibious Corps commander directing American Marines in north China, ordered tlie shelling of the village near Anshan. in Hopeh province 48 miles southwest of Shanhaikwan. Mortars Anawered Reprisal
Hirsch reported that the Marinea fired 24 rounds of 66 millimeter
rV- . l»i^ „/ii.r,.,ii. nvi.tnH biggest amphibious operations of Cooper said no disputes existed »¦> i.r»i.,jr.,i„" .r.,) ••r-.._...> •> between him and his drivers who »"',„. °'y'"E''=„. ?,'^^„H.^fTt 1 opposed the walkout but "were "«.*'"'. ?h. -^^vo iT^ln .p« *^ forced to take action by the Grand »hu and the Tokyo plain area. Rapids Union.' "rat In All Hiatory
¦The Standard Grocery embargo | He summed up the whole Pacific developed from an AFL program I struggle In theae words: to unionize 700 retail grocery stores I "Never before In the history of In Western Michigan supplied by i war had there been a more con
the firm.
f
Stilwell flies Continent fo Give Medal to Sister of Jap-Yank Hero
Talbert, Calif., Dec. 8 (UP) — Laat May five men tried to ter¬ rorize the Japanese - American Masuda family into leaving their Ilttle farm home here.
Today Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, Who flew all the wav across the continent, just for the occasion, atood on the front porch of the same farmhouse and gave Mary Masuda the Distinguished Service Cross her brother. Kazuo, won posthumously.
Tslbert was proud of the Ma- audas today. The town turned out In Its Sunday best. Miss Masuda's father and mother and two brothers were In the Ilttle group on the porch. One of those brothers was wounded In France the other was honorably discharged from the Army, and a third still Is with the Army In the Pacific. A Desperate F1ght4>r
The townsfolk Hatened Intently to hr reading of the citation, which lold of Sgt. Kazuo Masuda's hero¬ ism. Masuda. a member of the
In Today'a 'aaue
B—I C—t c—4
Sports
Kdltnrial ......""Z
Outdoor _
Social „...
«»<"» .« C—10
•lovlrs „ (' 10
(latalAed .'.'..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'I.'.'.'.'..C—U
442nd Japanese-American regi¬ mental combat team in Italy, walked through 200 yards of enemy flre to set up single-handed an im¬ provised mortar position.
From the position he had cstab- lisher, Masuda poured 20 rounds point blank into the Nazis fsclng him. They came back with hell¬ ishly mortar and artillery flre. bul he held his ground and atopped the German attack cold.
Two weeks later, on Aug. 27, 1944, Masuda found himself only five yards from thc enemy. Hc ordered nia squad to withdraw and hc re¬ mained to cover them. Next day they found his body, a machine gun still clutched in his hand. In Relocation Center
Thc Masudas spent part of Ilv war In a relocation center. When they returned home laat May, a group of "100 pcr cent Americans" visited the farmhouse and threat¬ ened them unless they left. The.\* were still here today, when Gen. Stilwell arrived.
Stilwell landed at the Orange counfy airport early this morning aftor a transcontinental flight in an Army bomber typical of his per¬ sonal campaign for proper treat¬ ment of lo.val Nisei aoldiers. (Jen. Stilwell has championed the cause of the Japanese-American soldier since the Burma campaign when he had ! |
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