Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent

              A Paper For* The Home
SUNDAY INDE^PfiNS^^f^ tfe
40TH YEAR, NO. 6 — 52 PAGES
CNITED   PHBSS Wirt  Nnrt  Berfir*
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 9, 1945
PRICE TEN CENTS
New Bomber CrossesKing Says
^ Nation in 5 Hr. 17 Min. Seapower Averaging 432 m.p.ii. gggt jgpgn
Washington, Dec. 8. (UP)—An ¦Irplane with two engines In IU bellv and twin propellers In Its tall the Army's Douglas XB-42 "Mixmaater," flew here nonstop from Liong Beach, Calif., In five hours 17 minutes, and 34 seconds loday, establishing a new cross- eontinent  speed   record.
The Mixmaster, a medium bomb¬ er in wartime and a M-passenger transport in peace, left Liong Beach at. 1:22 p.m. EST and buized Boil¬ ing Field here at 6:39.34 p.m. afUr a 2,295-mile flight In which it av¬ eraged 432 miles an hour.
In so doing It broke the unoffi¬ cial record of six hours and three minutes set by a Boeing C-B7 trans¬ port in a rerent flight from Seattle lo Waahington. Faater Ttian Expected
The new record is unofficial, too,
two minutea faster than IU pilots expected It to.
The plane was piloted by Lt.-Col. H. E. Warden, chief of the Air Transport Command's bombard¬ ment branch. His co-pilot and the only other occupant of the craft was Capt. Glen W. Edwards. As a medium bomber the XB-42 would carry three crew members.
After bussing the field and being clocked In, the Mixmaster landed - and immediately developed me- rhanical trouble. It was supposed to taxi to where a large group of photographers, Army officials, and Douglas Aircraft Corp. officials were waiting to greet the pilots. Had to Be Pushed
About 100 yards away It stopped dead. Some 50 Gl's saved the oc¬ casion by pushing and pulling It to   the  reception   center.   Finally,
because the MIxmasters route was about 46 minutea after landing, the
not plotted  by the  National Aero- pilots got their feet on the ground
¦    •   -       • '¦.. again.  They were greeted by Brig.
Gen. Reuben C. Hood, deputy chief of the Army's air staff.
nautical  Association.
Pushed   most   of   the   way   by   a tail   wind   provided   by   nature   In
sdditioM to that generated by its! Thc plane, whieh took Army and counter - rotating propellers, the Douglas two years to develop and plane made the cross-pountry dash'        (Continued on Page  A-14)
CM Auto Strikers Reject President Truman's Plan, Call It Strike-Breaking
Detroit, Dec. 8, (UP)—Sharply rejecting a White House appeal for an end of the General Motors shutdown, tiie United Automobile Work¬ ers Union (CIO) tonight accused President Tuman of using a police- mans club" to abrogate labor's right to strike.
UAW President R. J. Thomas sternly warned the President that he ft'ua "striking at the heart" of the program which gave the Democratle partv an election victory in 1944.
Aa the powerful union mobilized its 630,000 members for a fight against the administration'a '¦'^- legislation proposals, the wage dis¬ pute paralyzing General Motors | appeared no nearer settlement thanj when 175.000 workers struck 93 GM i plants 18 daya ago.
A   conference   of
200 delegates representing GM local unions bit¬ terly spurned the company's re- prated offer to Increase wages by 13'.' cents an hour, or approxi¬ mately 10 per cent. The conference ssld the strike would not end until the union's 30 per cent wage gain drmanda had been "fully satisfied." Then the delegates angrily re¬ jected Mr. Truman's appeal for an immediate   return   to   work   as   s
SIKERS REBEL
AS OWNER STARTS
TO DISSOLVE FIRM
Holland.   Mich.   Dec.   I.   (UP)—
..J, , ,. „, .,„,.i„4;._'> ._ ,^.in».i.^i AFL  teamsters'  union  drivers,  re-
4. J^'^^r.i^J   niS^MMlni,   Tt   wSr >«»"W a«~n« •t'-iks orders, todsy ^ fi^^'wif     P'«'"''"°"   •'   «'"^- j ssked Daniel J. Tobin, International TM.jri. i,i«„.,.^ .w«, ...<.w. .tti    president  of  ths   union,  to   Inter- ..r;°v.T""„''±^"\!l'i'*'^2i^^": vene In  the  threatened  di«iolution
•fcaii
tude by condVnning President Tru an's requeot for compulsory fsct- ffnding  boards  and  a  mandatory 30-dsy "cooling off  period  before strikes can be called. •
"It would tear from the hands of labor unluna the maJor weapon essential to effective coUactlve bar¬ gaining with the luitl-lahor mana¬ gerial groupi of billion dollar cor¬ porations," he asserted. "Without thc right to strike at a time chosen hy Ihe union you Juat do not bar- ruin collectively with the kind of nianagcmmt that Jiiobile   induatry."
of    the    Holland    Motor    Express Company.
The $250,000. five-state trucking system was ordered dissolved by Its owner. John Cooper, when his 140 drivers, striking on orders of Local 406, were unable to halt a four-day stoppage. Blame Organiser
Forty of tbe drivers, who banded
together  In  an effort  to end  the
stoppage,   wired   Tobin   that   Tom
__ Burke, union organizer from Grand
runs   the"auto-lRapids  wan largely responsible for
'the situation and aaked his removal
(ailed Mtrike-BicaUng 'rom  power  'at once."
Thomas    virtually    charged    the     They   accused   Burke President
of
with a strike-breaking movement when he cited* the differ¬ ence between the Railway Labor Art signed by President Coolidge and Mr. Truman's proposal.
"President Coolidge broke no strike when he signed the Rail¬ way Labor Act In 1B26." he said. "There was no major railroad atrlke at that time. The proposal of President Truman Is completely snd utterly different. . .
The labor chieftain emphasised that under the Railway Act there is no compulsory cooling off period during which a strike Is banned. Also, he said, the act provides no penaltiea on labor unions.
Under Mr. Trumnn's proposal, however, strikes called during the ."today cooUng-off Interim would be illegal and strikers Involved "would be aubject to penalties" of other federsi labor acts, Thomas said
"There Is no question that en¬ actment of the bill will result In (Continued on Page A-14)
Incom¬ petence and charged that "an In¬ justice hsd been done" to Cooper, who yesterday gave the drivers until 4 p.m. to settle the walkout.
Cooper said he would begin Im¬ mediately to dispose of 180 piecei of equipment, including trucks, trailers and  pickups.
The Holland firm was Ued up because of a teamsters union em¬ bargo against deliveries for the Standard Grocery Company, Grand Raplda. The Grand Rapids union ordered a work stoppage against Cooper, charging his trucks had violated the embargo. Cooper op¬ erated in Michigan, Illinois, Ken tucky, Ohio and Indiana.
Last Report Advises Against Merger Plan; Tells of New Weapons; Wants to Keep WAVES
Waahington, Dec. 8. (UP)—Adm. Earnest J. King declared tonight that seapower whipped Japan and the war's No. 1 lesson waa that attempts to unify the armed forcea at the top would be "Ill-advised and impracticable."
The five-star fleet admiral who directed this country"s war at sea made these declarations In his third and last report as chief of naval operations to the Secretary of Navy. His successor In the Navy's top post is Fleet Adm. Chester  W,  Nimitz.
King's 61-page report made these points:
1.—Japan's defeat "waa directly due to our ovei-whelmlng power at sea," Japanese seapower was In¬ effectual in the long run because it "was hampered by Army con¬ trol.'"
2.—Science In this war developed many terrible new weapons In addi¬ tion to the atomic bomb and radar, among them long-range guided missiles carrying atomic charges and a completely automatic sight- Inch naval gun which was rea.iy for the fleet at the war's end.
8—The United SUtes must "re- msln ever ready to support and maintain the peace of tha world by being ever ready to back up ita words with deeds." Expected Longer War
4.—The "most definite and most important lesson" of ths war is that U. S. seapower must remain an Independent service with Its own air branch.
B.—The Pacific War ended long befora the high command, as late as August, 1943, expected It te. Staff chiefs had planned on the possibility that Japan would still be flghting far Into 1947.
8.—The Navy wants to keep Ita women's  auxiliary, the WAVK.S.
King said "unity of command at the highest military level" never was seriously considered during the war. It Is a matter of record, he added, that the system which was used - the joint chiefs of staff —"proved Its worth." This war, King said, produced no one mai, qualifled to he "military com¬ mander of all the armed forces."
The fleet admiral's arguments against unification had been aired for the most part before. Whether they will prevail remains to be seen. President Truman Is expected to make his vlewr known In n mcasage to Congress, possibly next week. Mr. Truman Is believed to favor merger, as proposed by the War Department Iwe, Okinawa Convinced Jape
King's final report dcaM largely with the concluding phase of the war, starting with the bloody con¬ quest of Iwo Jlma and ending wlUi the occupation of Japan.
It was their Inability to hold Iwo and Okinawa, King said, that persuaded the Japaneae "that the end could not be long delayed."
King emphasized that It waa the fleet, operating thousands of ships over the Pacific's vast reaches, which brought this country's over¬ whelming power finally to bear on the Japanese homeland.
The capture of laland bases from which to launch destruction at Tokyo itself was accompliahed by what he called "the outstanding development of this war," amphi¬ bious operations. Theae operations, he added, were made possible by destruction of the Japanese navy.
At the war's end. King said, Adm. William F. Halsey's Third Fleet was carrying out bombard¬ ments and bombings In prepara¬ tion for what would have been the
Here's Where It All Started
Germans Tapped F.D.R.-Chur€hUI
Telephone Calls
Marshall Says If May Have Been Why He Didn't Phone Gen. Short; Takes Blame for Nof Ordering Pearl Harbor Alerted for Attack
Washington, Dec. 8. (UP)—C;en. George C. Marshall disclosed today that the Germana intercepted pre-war telephone conversations between the late President Roosevelt and former British Prime Minister Wins¬ ton  Churchill.
He told the Pearl Harbor Investigating committee that knowledge of the Uerman interceptions may have been one reiison why he did not telephone a war warning to Hawaii on the morning of Dec. 7, 1941.
The message was dispatched by Western Union and commercial cable
und did not reach Lt. Gen. Walter
Cieneral view as Japanese Diet convened with brief message from
Emperor Hirohito. shown center, reading.   He  called   upon  people
to work for peace and prosperity. (Acme   Photo   by   Tom   Shafer.)
MARINES SHELL CHINESE VILLAGE
U.S. CO-OPERATION FOR IRLO PEACE STRESSEDIBYGOP
National CommittM Winds Up Sessions; Hart, Wilson Speak
Infamous General Homma Will Fate Trial Next
19 KILLED, 4 HURT IN CRASH OF C-47; VETSONWAYHOME
Permitted Horrors Of 'Death March', Bombed Manila
By RALPH TEATSWORTH
Tokyo, Dec. 8. (UP) Lt. Gen, Masaharu Homma. former com¬ mander of Japanese forces In the Philippines  who  permitted the  In-
New York. Dec. ». (UP)—Amer¬ ican Marines shelled a village In north China last Tuesday when natives refused to surrender two men suspected of killing one Marine and wounding another, an NBC correspondent reported from Shanghai  today. ^
The correspondent, Cal Hirsch. said that Maj. Gen, Keller E. Rockey, 3rd Amphibious Corps commander directing American Marines in north China, ordered tlie shelling of the village near Anshan. in Hopeh province 48 miles southwest of Shanhaikwan. Mortars Anawered Reprisal
Hirsch reported that the Marinea fired   24   rounds   of   66   millimeter
rV-     . l»i^  „/ii.r,.,ii.   nvi.tnH biggest   amphibious   operations   of Cooper  said   no  disputes   existed      »¦>    i.r»i.,jr.,i„"     .r.,)     ••r-.._...> •> between  him  and his drivers who »"',„. °'y'"E''=„. ?,'^^„H.^fTt 1 opposed   the   walkout    but    "were "«.*'"'. ?h. -^^vo iT^ln .p« *^ forced to take action by the Grand »hu and the Tokyo plain area. Rapids Union.' "rat In All Hiatory
¦The Standard   Grocery   embargo |    He summed up the whole Pacific developed   from   an   AFL  program I struggle In  theae words: to unionize 700 retail grocery stores I    "Never  before  In  the  history of In   Western   Michigan  supplied   by i war  had  there  been  a  more  con
the firm.
f
Stilwell flies Continent fo Give Medal to Sister of Jap-Yank Hero
Talbert, Calif., Dec. 8 (UP) — Laat May five men tried to ter¬ rorize the Japanese - American Masuda family into leaving their Ilttle farm home  here.
Today Gen. Joseph W. Stilwell, Who flew all the wav across the continent, just for the occasion, atood on the front porch of the same farmhouse and gave Mary Masuda the Distinguished Service Cross her brother. Kazuo, won posthumously.
Tslbert was proud of the Ma- audas today. The town turned out In Its Sunday best. Miss Masuda's father and mother and two brothers were In the Ilttle group on the porch. One of those brothers was wounded In France the other was honorably discharged from the Army, and a third still Is with the Army In the Pacific. A Desperate F1ght4>r
The townsfolk Hatened Intently to hr reading of the citation, which lold of Sgt. Kazuo Masuda's hero¬ ism.    Masuda.   a   member   of   the
In Today'a 'aaue
B—I C—t c—4
Sports    	
Kdltnrial     ......""Z
Outdoor    _
Social     „...	
«»<"»     .« C—10
•lovlrs        „ (' 10
(latalAed   .'.'..'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'I.'.'.'.'..C—U
442nd Japanese-American regi¬ mental combat team in Italy, walked through 200 yards of enemy flre to set up single-handed an im¬ provised   mortar   position.
From the position he had cstab- lisher, Masuda poured 20 rounds point blank into the Nazis fsclng him. They came back with hell¬ ishly mortar and artillery flre. bul he held his ground and atopped the German attack cold.
Two weeks later, on Aug. 27, 1944, Masuda found himself only five yards from thc enemy. Hc ordered nia squad to withdraw and hc re¬ mained to cover them. Next day they found his body, a machine gun still clutched in his hand. In Relocation Center
Thc Masudas spent part of Ilv war In a relocation center. When they returned home laat May, a group of "100 pcr cent Americans" visited the farmhouse and threat¬ ened them unless they left. The.\* were still here today, when Gen. Stilwell arrived.
Stilwell landed at the Orange counfy airport early this morning aftor a transcontinental flight in an Army bomber typical of his per¬ sonal campaign for proper treat¬ ment of lo.val Nisei aoldiers. (Jen. Stilwell has championed the cause of the Japanese-American soldier since the Burma campaign when he had !<nme of tliem under his command.
vincing example of the effective¬ ness of sea power than when a well-armed, highly efficient and undefeated army of over 1.000,000 men surrendered their homeland unconditionally to the Invader with¬ out even token resistance.
"True,   the   devastation   already
wrought by past bombings, as well
as   the   terrible   demonstration   of
power  by the  first atomic  bombs,
(Continued  on Page A-14)
Want to Hear Voice of Doom?
Washington. Dec. 8. (UP) — Tune in tomorrow on the Vol^ of Doom.
It won't be the Voice of Doom; exactly, but the War Department says It will be "the sound gener¬ ated by uranium."" Uranium is che stuff which, when Its atoms cpllt, dcatiovs rl'ies.
The       Wav       .   pa    inci 1       v^ill broadcast     ..oundi     emitted     by uranium   on   thc   NBC   National Ho,ur,   .itarting   at   4   p.  m.   EJST.
It will, the depuvtiTif ^.'^^d, be the flrst time in iiistorv that uranium haa made a co.ist-to- coast broadcast.
A bit of uranium encased In a metal container will be held clo.^e to a Cielger-MuUer counter, a device used by acientists to gauge radioactivity.
Uranium, being radioactive, emits tiny hits of atomic matter cnlled protons, electrons, photons and   alpha   particles.
As   the   counter   counts   them, the  aound   produced   will   go  on the   air.     It   is     nnt     expected     tn he anything like the sound heard at Hiroshima and NagasakL
Chicago. Dee. S (UP)—The Re¬ publican nationai committee to¬ night wound up its two-day meet¬ ing on plans for the 1946 elections with a program stressing full co¬ operation with other nations for permanent world peace.
The   foreign   policy   pledge   was outlined by Sen. Iliomas C.  Hart (R., Conn.)  and Hugh R. Wilson, former ambassador to Germany. Beoority Ik Paramount
"Our main concern today, and for aome time to come, lies in|N. security—our own security In par¬ ticular and that of the world In general," Hart said In an address to the committee.
Speaking on an NBC radio pro¬ gram. Wilson, head of ths (30P committee's foreign affairs sec¬ tion, said:
"The keynote of our foreign policy Is complete support of the United Nations Organization Itself, and complete co-operation with other nations through all Interna¬ tional organizations."
On thc same broadcast Hart said, "There"s no difference between thc major partiea in their ultimate oli- jectiws (in international affaira). But differences have developed as to how to attain  these objectives."
Participation In UNO, assistance to other countries, and rejection of "great power dominion"' over amall nations were Included In the par¬ ty's 1946 platform presented to the committee by Republican members of Congress. For Qualifled Help te Europe
Hart told ths committee that the United States must aid war strick¬ en European countries, but "we must not exhaust ourselves too greatly In alleviating their plight."
He called for full support of the United Nations Organization, em¬ phasized the necessity for coopera¬ tion between the United States. Russia and China, and told ti.e committee there is no place for partisan politics In foreign affairs.
"The highlight of our own future problem to the eastward — and ac¬ tually It pertains to the Orient as well — Is to achieve successful co¬ operation between America and Russia in meeting those problems which must be solved If world se¬ curity Is to be attained."
Prevention of future wars, hc told the committee, "seems to de¬ pend upon the co-operation of Rus¬ sia and the United States much more closely than docs any other relationship, singly or collectively"" • Hart, commander of the Asiatic Fleet at the opening of the wnr. warned that the Orient constitutes an "explosive element" which must not  be  disregarded
famous  "Death  March,"  and   four'mortar shells wheii'the nativesre- other lesser Japanese officers wlUlftjged  to  hand  over  the   two sus
Sought 'Hole' in Snow To Land at Billings; Inquiry Is Ordered
Billings, Mont, Dec. 8. (UP) - Seventeen soldiers and two civil¬ ians were killed and four soldlera were injured today when a C-i7 Army tranaport. sn route to Seattle on a routine flight from Newari<, J.,   crashed   and   burned   in   a
be tried in Manila for war crimes k^n. Douglas MacArthur an- I nounced   toda>-.
! The dates of the trials will be 1 decided   by   l.t.   Gen.   W.   D.  Slver.
pected men. The Marines were Identified only as a corporal and a private  first claas.
'The broadcast quoted Rockey as saying the  Marines had  been at
jccmniiindcr of Army forces In the tacked while rabbit hunting  near wc&lerii   Pacific.
j    Specific  war  crimes  charges  in¬ clude:
1.   Atrocities   sgainst   American and  Allied military  personnel  and
civilians.
Bombed Open City
by   General   Mac-
field one mile south of Hie Billings airport during a snow storm.
All ot the servicemen were over-   ,    ,       . seas veterans en route to west coaat i »*"l"""^"   "P"" distribution   centers   for   discharge I ¦'^""",'"-
or reassignment, according to an! 3.—Tiie "Death March" from Ba- Army Air Corps officer from theltaan to San Fernando, during ferry command headquarters at which thousands of American and Cincinnati,  O. | Filipino    soldiers    who    had    sur-
The   plane,   operated   by   Norlh- rendered  in good  faith  died,  were west  Airlines   through   contractual  killed or needlessly maimed.
C. Short, Hawaiian Army com¬ mander, until hours after the Japanese  sneak   attack.
Under questioning by committee membera, Marshall took a shars of War Department rejiponslblllty for not realizing in late November that Short's command was not properly alerted for a surprise at¬ tack. In response to a warning from Washington of possible hos¬ tilities, Short sent a reply Indicat¬ ing his command was alerted for sabotage only. Oerow Had Taken Blame
Last week Lt. Ckjn. Leonard T. Gerow. formtr chief of the Army's war plans division, told the com¬ mittee he would take whatever blame there was for not noting that Short's reply was Inadequate.
Sen. Homer Ferguson, R., Mich., asked Marshall if he agreed that it waa Gerow's "full responsibility."
'"I would not say that this wao hi.s full responaibiliiy," Marshall re¬ plied. "It was his direct responsi¬ bility. But I hnd a responslbilltT as chief of staff,  too.""
Marshall's first war warning, the one to which Short replied, waa sent Nov. 27, 1941. The second, which arrived too late, was sent a short time before the Dec. 7 attack.
Asked why he did not call Bhort directly by telephone to deliver tha fecond warning, Marshall alluded to the  Roosevelt-Churchill talka
"l"m not aure, looking back on It now, whether that waa the rea¬ son I didn"t use the telephone at that  time."  Marshall  ssld.
"I do recall, however, that Mr. Roosevelt frequently talked fo Mr. Churchill on the telephone aad that their conversationa wsre !•> tercepted by the Ormana."
-'.- The bombing of Manila dur¬ ing the Japanese drive down the island   chain.    The   city   had   been| broadcajL
Anshan. The private was killed in¬ stantly but his companion aurvived a second blast of gun flre atter he had fallen, badly wounded.
After the attack, the aaaailanta fled to Anshan and took refuge Considered Security thare. Rockey Issued the villagers Marshall explained security _ an ofBcial order demanding sur- a consideration. He knew the mea> render of the attackers, hut his!sage, as it was sent, would be la order was ignored according to the code.   He told  the committee that
arrangement with ths Army, crashed as It came In for a landing on the field about 2: IS a.m. (4:15 a.m. BJST)
Northwest Airlines identified the  Homma pilot  as George  D.   Miilcr and  the  ^^narato
 _it_.        ir......     Air     nf.. Hni.....l.       . ¦ .   __
4.—Violation of the laws of war¬ fare.
Gen. MacArthur'a legal ataff has listed   two   main   charges   against
thc    firs',,    containing spccilications
42
The two Marines were members of the 4th Platoon, Company 8. 1st BatUllon, 29th Regiment. Their names were withheld pending noti¬ fication of next of kin.
Rockey was quoted as aaying he ordered the village fired upon only after following detailed instructions designed by U. (Jen. Albert C. Wedemeyer, U.& commander In China.
ECUADOR SAYS U.S. FIRM
co-pilot  as  Vernon  W.  Pfannkuclt, chat Homniu "unlm-fiilly disergurd- TRIED  TO  STIR  REVOLT
both of Minneapolis.   Nanus of the  ^.j    and    failed    to   discharge   hlsJ 	
Army men were withheld  pending duties x x x  failed  to control  the     Quito,  Ecuador,  Dec. 8.    (UP)
notification' of next of kin. imen under hi.s command x x x per- Interior   Minister   Carlos   Guevara! \||nigter on the telephone. He lUso
Apparently    trying    to    find    a niltted   bruta>  atroi ities  and  other Moreno   charged    today   that   the i tgiii^^j   („  j|f   Bullit   (William    C
Ambursen Engineering Cto. of New I By„m     t^^,,    „„    ambassador-at-
every effort waa being made not t« give the Japanese a chance to claim that this country took tho firat overt action.
Ferguson wanted to know hew using the telephone could hava been called an overt act.
"I think tbe Japanese would have grasped at any straw ta prove to such sections of our pub¬ lic as doubted our integrity that wo had committed an overt act," Mar¬ shall  said.
He added that the .Tapaneao might have intercepted the mes¬ sage If It had been telephoned. In thla  connection   he added:
"Mr. Roosevelt was In the fre¬ quent habit of talking to the Prime
"hole"   In   the   storm   to  land,  the high crimes against Americans and
plane was In constant contact with | Allies.""
the control tower as it circled over otberH Face Trial
Billings    several     time.    Suddenly;    t^,,,, „,,,„.»„ w., ,,i.j „„.
contact was broken and the plane     Tl>« ""^hers to be tried are.
was    found    virtually    demolished     Lt. Col. Sellchi Ohta, commander     __.^	
and burning In the valley below.       o' the  Japanese miliUry  police in representative
Bodies   were   scattered   over   a 'he Philippines In 1946. wide   area.   Police   said   the   plane     Maj.  Zenzo Saito, commander ofkhe company has been barred '"""m | jjj"gj."pp(pj apparently crashed after It struck the  Japanese   "Tiger  Unit"  In  the further operations   here. !-
the tops of several trees and barely Philippines in 1942. Moreno    said     other
Vork attempted to finance a revo-j ig^^gg {„ London i recollect that lution in Ecuador to (overthrow the those talks were intercepted by the government  of Joe  Maria  Velasco | Germans."
"'!!'''¦'• ,.r.. o. .     1      ,  t'rged "Sicrambier" Phone
Spencer   Wilson   Stewart,   loca^     Marshall said he had a test mado Bsentative   of    tlie   Arnbursen!„„  j^e    transatlantic    cable    and ^°' .'i^_^!^"u°/J*l?ll'LP!,"S'',™, found  that  conversations  could bo
He said he urged Mr.
»-,—i,.-1 Roosevelt  and   Churchill   to  use American   ,,.,..    ._u„_,       a,,t    i»   «,
Ecuador!
scrambler"   'phone.
not   until   long   after
But   It the  war
was had
missed  several  high tension wires.     Maj. Takashio Tohei, commander. "rms   doing   business   in ^ ^^^   ^___^_^   _^___
Only   a   few  hundred   yards   away ,f  the   Japanese  KempeiUi   garrl-^were approached by the Ambursen ^ suitable   scrambler
were  the  almost  vertical  walls  of son in Manila In 1944 and 1945.      I company,    including    the    Interna-' the Rim Rock mountains. Col. Okira Hagahama, command-
Board   of   inquiry,   composed   of cr of the Japanese miliUry police
Army   Air   Corps   officers,   was   cn {in the Philippines from 1942 through route here from Cincinnati and St.'1944,
Paul.   Minn.   The   ferry   command;    The  charges against Homma  In officer   said   doctors   reported   thc ^lude    thc    responsibility condition  of  the  six   injured   men bombing of Manila Dec. 27 and Dec.
UonaTp^etroleumFo. anS the'^uth  -as developed, he told the commit- American   Development   Co.,   with' '*'' thc proposal .hat ihey help finance
to  bo  "very favorable."
ARGENTINE POLITICS BRINGS TWO DEATHS
Buenos Aires, Dec. 8. (UP) -Two persons were killed and a dozen wounded during a Democratic Union  mass-meeting  today.
An estimated 200,000 persons par¬ ticipated in the fimt nubile meet¬ ing   of   the   Democratic   Union
28, 1941, after MacArthur pro¬ claimed Ihe city open and unde¬ fended; the bombing of General Hoapital No. 1 on Bataan April 7, killing 69 Americans and 52 Fili¬ pinos, the artillery shelling of Gen¬ eral Hospital No. 2 during April and May when the Japanese de¬ liberately placed their artillery on the hospital grounds to draw fire from the big guns of Corregidor. Ignored  White Flag
The    charges    also   specify    that Homma    was    responsible   for   the
the    revolution,    offering    to    con¬ tribute   $80,000   by   Itself.    One   of fnr" /h^ the approached  firms revealed the ior    me I plot to the government, the minis¬ ter said.
He   asserted   the   Amburs«>n   Co. hid   exhausted  the  funds   received
Marshall said '"a telephone Is a very easy Instrument to tap and a radio telephone  is even  easier."
But in any event, if hc had called anyone on ' Dec. 7, he added, hs would have called Gen. Douglas MacArtnur in the Philippinea first.
It was his pre-Pearl Harbor be-
from the Exoort Import Bank for lief that any Japanese offensive the construction of the highway, would be aimed southward toward without completing the work, and ithe Phiiippmes rather than the It sought to foment a revolution as daring attack on Pearl Harbor, a way out of IU  predlcUment.       '        (Continued  on Page  A-14)
:^'^mLi^ p^i^^'or/Jii^ ^^^-I'j-^i^^^^^
Bring Jap Who Sank U.S. Cruiser To Court Martial of its Commander
parties,  organized last month to oppose the prcsidcn
He said China Is friendly to the Itial   aspirations   of   Col.   Juan   D (Continued on  Page A-141 'Peron.
ArnoldWants an Informed And Well-Armed America
starving and mistreatment ofl Americans and Fillplno.s and thej air strafing of the Marivales Air¬ field after Bataan fell despite the} prominent display of a white flagi of truce. i
ONLY FEW CARETAKERS TO REMAIN ON IE SHIMA
New   York,   Dec.   8    (UP)—The:vide for national security.   By this ; Filipinos were  killed need    for   an   intelligence   service11   do   not   mvan   that   we   should that   will   keep   the   United   States; become   an   aggressor   nation—but Informed    of    posaible    attack    bylwc must plan and prepare an effec- atomlc   weapona   was  stressed   to-1live  offense  as  a  realistic  method night  by Gen. H.  H. Arnold, head of Insuring peace and  wc mu.st  lie of the  U.   S.   Air   Force,   who   alaoi ready   to   use   It  always   at  a   mo- sald that we assign our most bril- ment's  notice."" Hant scientists to develop weapons No More Pearl Harbor* for national  defenae. |    Arnold  said   that   in   a  next  war
_       ,, .   , ..        T. 1 I'here   would   bc   no   Pearl   Harbor
Speaking    before    the    Pennsyl-ij,ut  that  there  would   pro! vaia     Society     at     the     Waldorf Hiroshimas ind Nagasakis. i.i»r,H
after   accepting    a      ..The   nation   that   is   prepared   to ^bout
Washington. Dec. 8. (UP)—Clmdr. (heavy casualties in the loas of UlO liic Hashimoto, Jopaneae sub-| Indianapolis when it was not hlo marine   captain    who   boasted   hej fault.
!fank the U. S. cruiser Indianapolis. I    ..-phe relatives of the Indlanapello will   testify   at   the   court   marrtial yiptims will  demand to know wbj TT .u.        ...    t.ial   of   Capt.   Charles   B.   McVay  the   high  command  dispatched the
Homma     was     responsible,     theijji   the Navy announced today. '^ '^¦
iharges state, for the series of ^he Navy is flving Hashimoto death marches from April fl to fr„,„ Japan to tesJfy against Mc- April 27 involving about 10.500 Vay, captain of the Indianaiwlis Anicrlcan.s and 74.000 Filipinos in a ..vho  is charged with Incompetence
fiO  to   120  kilometer   march   durlngjand   neglect   of   duly.    The   cruiser J," ,"f-,i_';^irt in'iLs current Taa'ue which   1,200   Americans   and   le.OOOlsank    in    the   Philippine   Sea   last ^""*"" ¦*'"'"'" '^""•"* '••"•'
ship into enemy submarine watera without a suitable escort and then allowed that ship to disappear without trace for the better part of  a  week,""   the  Army   and  Navy
Survivors    of I disaster were in
the    Indianapella the water fsr flVO
U. S.  Arm.v Headquarters. West¬ ern  Paclflc,   Dec.  8    (UP)   -Army officials   plan   to  evacuate   all   per- the    Pennsyl-lL"7^.u'^.°'!'u''   "^   "'',/''''»"   ""¦'¦'o'- .sonnel but a small care-taking de-
Astoria   Hotel    after   accepting    ^ "'Toshimas ind .Nagaaakis. ,„and   airb.isc   off   Okinawa  whers
gold medal as the otstanding Penn
sylvanlan of the year, Arnold said that we must take advantage of the bases we have  won.
I July 30 with the loss of 880 officers,
land  inen.        ,,.„.,     ,.„.,„,j,„ idays  before  they were  picked  u*. Hashimoto  left   Tokyo   yesterday; „.f u„„-    („.fifi«Vi    .«    <Su>
Ia- Naval Air Transport plane «nd ^^ t"e"e»    h"^,?,^'"'''''^ J"    *»* ;is  expected   to  arrive  in  Washing-.^""tm^tial  that 8W to W tnn  Mondav or Tuesday. f"' °^ the ship but that only about
, IHdn't Zig Zag 400  survived.
Thc .iudge advocate of the court [ Had No Cliance martial called the Jap submarine i "The.se same relatives will oueo- commander to strengthen thc Navy'tion what earthly good could hava intention that thc Indianapolis ibeen accomplished by the eaptats WHS torpedoed. McVay is charged ordering abandon ship if the high .vHh failing to ziy zag the war- command had no intention of pre- ship   in   waters   known   to   be   in-'serving   any   scmbl ince   of  conUct
to afford rescue."' the Bulletin said. The  court  martial  was   in   recess      The    publication    said    the   first
'»   prepared   lo^bout     400    Ameriian     servicemen! use    the    supcrplane     and    aUper-|„nd War Correspondent Ernie Pyle feted with enemy submarines, explosive   of   the   future   may   win are     burled      Army     officinls     an-:    The  court  martial  was   in   rec
a   war   as   soon   as   it   starts."   ho nounced  today. until   Tuesday   awaiting   arrival   of announcement   of  the   Indianapolis
said. Evacuation"  i.-i    fxpccted    to    be Hashimoto and 20 survivors of the'disaiiter   was   made   deliberately   at
"We must  use  the most modern      Another speaker was Adm.  Ern- completed hv Keb.  1. Armv omdnls Indianapolis     simimoned     a.":    wit- the   time   Japan   surrendered   last weapons   of   all   kinds   so   that   we,est J. King, who said   that he wap zMi.    On V-J Day more tiian 40.000 nesses. Aug   14.
can beat any potential opponent |concerned witii thc proper militarv a'r and ground personnel were on Mranwiiilc. a new unoflicial jour- "Thus the Navy must have hoped to the draw. Our hope lies." hcibacking of our foreign policies "asihe flve-by-two mile island which nal for service personnel, thc Army to minimize this loss in an hour «ald, "in a policy of offensive read- a naval officer and a citizen and; nns used as « base for air opera-iand Navy Bulletin, charged that of public ecstasy and national iness  to perpetuate peaee—to pro-1 taxpayer."' iloiis against Jspsn. 'the  Nsvy was blaming McVay for i thankaglving,"  the Bulletin
I