Wilkes-Barre Sunday Independent

              b
A Paper For The Home
V
SUNDAY INDEPENDENT
The Weather
Cloudy,  mild, windy; cloudy,    windy,    colder Sunday  night,  Monday,
FBag
41ST YEAR, NO. 5 — 52 PAGES
rNITED   PIUE88
WIr*   N«w>  frrin
WILKES-BARRE, PA., SUNDAY, DECEMBER 1, 1946
PRICE TWELVE CENTS
MllOOL. USStmSH OVER THE AIR—Mrs. Myrtle Kugarman uf the Denver, Colorado, Department of Inwlrurtion broadcasts a rinily leBSon to scliool children whn remained home when the xhoo's were closed due to coal shortasc i au.scd by miners' strike.
Big 4 Forgot All About Financing Trieste Plan
New York. Nov. 30. (UP)- The a propo.sal for disposition of Jewish Big Four foreign ministers .sudden-; property in Roman,a in initiinces Ij    remembered     tonight    that    in  where the owner or heirs liad died.
weeks of talk over thc future ol Trieste they had/ made no arrange- menl" to finance the proposed in¬ ternational  zone.
The Trieste area is sure to opcr-jusp the  proceeds for  relief, ate a*, a deficit of .several  mlllioiii of ^lollars a .vear for the first  few ,_,.._„,.,„ vears.      Bvrnes    pointed   out    thatlPlPP'^rty the Uhited  .Nations  would have  tolRom?"'""   t;overnment.
Deny Right Of Veto on Disarjning
Britain Won't Enter Any Sctieme Subject To One Pgwer's Whim; Supported by U.S.
Ljike Success, N. Y., Nov. 30. (UP) The United States and Great Britain insisted today there must be no right of veto on disarma¬ ment' or control of atomic energy, thus splitting with Russia on thc basic   point of  the  issue.
The U. S. submitted to the United Nations its own Zour-point disarmament plan. It a^eed with Russia that scrapping the atora bomb was thc first step towards disarmament but the U. S. took the position that the powers must forfeit their right to use a veto within any sy.stem of control and inspection for armaments, includ¬ ing   the  atom   bomb.
.Sir Hartley Shawcross, United Kingdom delegate, told the Gen¬ eral Assembly's political and se¬ curity committee that Britain "will be no party" to any disarmament .scheme which is subject to the veto of the big powers. Olher Thing*  to S<-rap
Shawcross also said that big armies, rocket weapons, bacter¬ iological warfare and other "means of mass destruction" must be scrap¬ ped at the same time as the atom bomb.
French Ambassador Alexandre Parodi meanwhile aubmitted a proposal for all U.N members to withdraw their armies from foreign .soil and begin to demobilize their armed forces as part of the dis¬ armament  program.
Parodi     did     not     state     flatly
Fines for Mine Strike May Cost Men Millions
.Molotov   insisted   today   that   the should     revert     to     thc i
}
do the financing and that the as sembly s budget committee waa nearing the end of its  worK
U  was  agreed   that   the  depui.' should take up the finance problem Sl once. Itsllan, Trir»t Agreemesits
The Big Kour passed over thc reparations problem for the day and Accepled several minor Italian treaty articles which previously were  in dispute.
The   foreign  ministers  also  gave
The Paris Peace Conference recom¬ mended     that     the     international
refugee organization or some other I France's   position   on   the   Veto   in organization designated by the UN !''onnection   with   disarmamenJr hut
I implied disapproval of thc Russian I stand.   Ambassador V.  K.  WcUing- j ton   Koo  of (;hina   said   his   nation would give up its veto right on the matter if the olher powers would. All five powers agreed that each should   he   able   to   veto   any   pro¬ posed scheme or treaty for disarm¬ ament. But the U. S.. Britain, China and   presumably   France  held   that onre   the   system   for   disarmament had    been    established,    thc    Veto power  could   not   throw  a  monkey wrench into the machinery. Russia
Penalty Approved; Trial Dragging on
Washington, Nov. 30 (UP)—The government tohighl unlimbered a new weapon against the striking soft coaj miners .a weapon aimed at their pocketbooks which may cost them millions of dollars.
The Federal Coal Administration disclosed that it had granted the applications of some mihe operators to levy strike fines against some of thc 400,000 United Mine Workers (AFL), who have been Idle at government-operated bituminous mines since Nov. 20.
Financial  penalties  again.st  individual miners broadened   the  admin¬ istration  fight against UMW  Pres- ——————^^————
idenl ,Iohn L. Le"is. whose dispute tract   violation   unless   bolh   union
Leivis Can*t Dim Christmas Trees
with the governmcnl has brought him Into court on a contempt charge. Thai charge c'cveloped from his refusal to call off the walkout.
A spokesman for the Federal Coal Administration disclosed thai some operators' applications for authority lo levy fines had been granted, but thc agency refused to say how many had been received or allowed. Forced to i.*vy Fines
Strike   penalties  arc  provided   in many   district    agreements-  to    be
and operators agree that there has
been a violation.
Alabama Already Collecting
I. W. Rouzcr, president of thc Alabama Mining Inslllute, report¬ ed that all government-controlled mines in that state, were collect¬ ing   fines.
Thc Pittsburgh Consolidation Co.. the nation's largest commercial coal company, disclosed that It had been authorized to collect fines from Its 8.000 to 10,000 employees. At Blucfield. W. Va., L. E. Tierney jr., president of thc Elastcrn Coal Co.. announced that his company 'on to levy fines
levvied in  case of aif illegal  walk¬ out.    Some  district  agrecnients  do j^^as asking ; not  have such clauses.    Those that."" -200 mln      .
do call for a fine of $1 or .<i2 dailv i    The goven.mont spokesman said for each day thc miner is on strike   -'"Jthorization  for  fines  in  thc cur-
The assessment is deducted from piiychecks. Operators themselves arc subject to fines if Ihcy fail to impose them against participants in   illegal   strikes.
A spokesman for the National Coal As.sociation said a check of most southern district agreements .ihovved that Ihe penalty clauses provided that fines should be "auto- maticall.v collected" with no time limit set. The Ohio and Indiana contracts provide that fines shall be collected from paychecks for the periods in which the strike occurred or thc first period there¬ after.   .
The Illinois agreement requires arbitration of thc question of con¬
tent strike represented no change in policy. He explained that the Coal Administration ruled on each application on its merits as it al¬ ways  had.
Approving of any applications in the current strike, however, ap peared to clear the way for ap¬ proving all of them. Only explan¬ ation offered was that thc govern¬ ment considered its contract with the union still In effect and hence thc present walkout was illegal. Fines   Aided   I'nion
The    original     purpose    of    thc
penalty  clauses  was  to  strengthen
the  union's hands  in dealing wilh
wildcat  strikes.    In  recent   negotl-
(Continued  on   Page  A-16)
Washington, Nov. 30. (UP)-- Coal striKe or no, you can still light  up your Christmas tree.
Civilian Production Adniinia- Irator John D. Small said to¬ night that government regula¬ tions against unnecessary use of electric current during the soft coal walkout will not be in¬ terpreted as forbidding Christ¬ mas   tree   lights   in   homes.
Small bulbs on family trees in¬ doors. Small said, use only a negligible amount of current, which householders can more than make up by careful use of other electric appliances during tne   present  emergency.
But, Small aaid, the regula¬ tions prohibit lighted Christmas trees outdoors in the 21 brown¬ out states and the District of Columbia.
ASK ON TO END
The more important topics dis¬ cussed were passed over without agreement, including payment for oil produced bv American' and British companies jn Roihania. thc question of who shall interpret the carrying out of the peace treaties after they have been signed, and whether the Balkan atates and Fin-,
land shall be permitted lo main- maintained thc powers should keep tain small forces of motor torpedo'*''^''' right^t» veto any method of boati.
enforcing   disarmament Rules for Ail
The American proposal submitted I today called for Ihe (Jeneral As¬ sembly to recommend that the Se¬ curity Council work oul "praciical measures" for regulation and re¬ duction of ,irmament» to "be gen¬ erally observed by all participants 20 land   not iinilaterallv bv only  some
"  -•   —    I,IID  .<i.^«,,... 1    t.ot the  participants."
Axis   .satellite   treaties   under   .on-1 "^P "•»"'»•*" persons, several of,     ^  spokesman  for thc U. S.  delc- sideration.    This   involves   appoint-   tlicm    women,    were    trampled    to  gallon   said   that   the   latter   clause
new  instructions   to  their  deputies, ^s   TQAUDI d\ Tn  nCATU on   drafting   clauses   defining   the'*   IHAIWrLtU   IU Ut AIM powers of the governor of Trieste | Qp^^Jj^Q   Wipg  QF during the provisional   period. . »»^»...»¦..«   _..__..__.._
One   agieemcnl    reached   during | ARGENTINE   PRESIDENT
the  meeting   was  on   a   system   ofj 	
seltling disputes which might arise over  economic   clauacs  of the   five
Tucuman,    Argentina,    Nov.
menl of a mixed tribunal of three men    - one from each  of the  dis¬ puting nations and one  neutral  - to arbitrate   differences.
Kiissian Foreign Minister Via¬ cheslav .Molotov agreed to a pio- posal   by  Byrnes   to  let   UN  Secre
meant   that the  powers  should   not have the veto  right.
The   U.  S.   resolution   noted   thai international     control     of    atomic
death   today   during   a   celebration
In honor of Senora Kvita de Peron.
Argentina's First Lady.   More than
IOO   were   injured   and   the   federal
government    building    was    turned' energy   «as   ncces.sary    to   general
inlo^n emergency hospital. (lisarmanient   and   therefore   urged
All scheduled pubhc acts were 'hat the Security Council "give tary General Trygve Lie instead | ,,„n(elled imluding the "lotona- first consideration" to the forlh- of the president of the World jjon" of Senora de Peron as "Queen i'•'oming report of the atomic energy Court   name  the  neutral. jof the Sugar (irinding Season."        commission.
JewUh   Pmperty   DlM-usned j     When   Senora   de   Pcrons   plane      ^he    U.S.    said    there    must    he
There was a long discussion over'fl(.^^.    over    Independence    Square.   "P''a<"l'<^^'»l  ""d effective safeguards ¦ thousands    gathered    there    brokoj (Continned   on   Page A-IW)
through    police   lines   and   .several]
people,   were    trampled    to    death, j
Additional   casualties   were   reimrt-1
ed    at    the    airport    when    crowds
again iiroke  police  cordons  as the
plane   landed. ^
GREECE FEARFUL'OF ATTACK ON CAPITAL
AZERBAIJAN TRIBESMEN UP IN ARMS AGAIN-
Athens. Greece, Nov. 30 (UPi-- Thr military journal Bmbrns aaid tonight that leftist guerrillas may he recruiting fighters accretly here for a surprlae blow at the eapitol.
("luerrillas. deacribed  by the gov-
'rnmcnt    as    "bandits,"    cut    tele- 	
fhnne   lines   between   Athens   andj     Tehran.    Iran.    Nov.   30.    'UP) the northern   port   clly of Salonika  Thciierce    .Shah-Savan    tribes   of
toda.v    .Salonika   is   the   .apitol   of i northeastern   Azerbaijan    have   at- ,	
ihps-al.v.   where   numerous   border j tacked  Azerbaijan  garrLsons   in   al j,   ,      „ ~^     »,
Inci    ,us have occurred. ipHst three towns among the moun-,   ,]^^^   Siiccess,   N.   Y..   Nov.    30.
Premier      Constantin      Tsaldaris, mins cast  of the capital of Tabriz.   'I'P'      India,    with    decisive    sup
SOUTH «AN RACIAL DISPUTE
vi«iird King George and the U.S.! unofficial reports said today. snd British ambassadors today,' preparatory tomorrow for New Tork, where he will ask the United Nations Security Council to inves¬ tigate     fighting     along     Greece's
These sources identified two of the towns as Sarah. 60 miles east of Tabriz and Ardebil. 120 miles east of Tabriz Both were at¬ tacked   b.v   Shah-Savan   tribesmen
Thousands Made Idle by Coal-Less Steel Mills
Fabricators, Railroads, Autos
Schedule Slow-Down In Operations;   ^„,
Ingot P     jction Near Record Low
PitUburgh, Nov. .TO. (UP) -Steel mills, steel fabricators, railroads. public utilities and manufac-turing factories tonight mapped plans for further layoffs nexl week because of the soft coal strike whioh in  10 da.V8 already has made idle almost  half a million  men.
In addition to the 400,000 miners on strike, more than 70,(K10 workers in    steel,    railroads   and   other   industries   already   were   unemployed.
Steel ingot produdion was struck a heavy blow during the first days of the strike as mills banked furnaces in an effort to stretch their   coal   supplies.    Rolling   and
finishing mills have operated al almost full rate but they are scheduled to slow down beginning lyfonday.
Steel fabricators, with their sup- plies   cut   off   hv   the   basic   com- shortage.     New   York   Power   and panics,   arc   next    in   line    to   feel  ,     . ¦ ?, ,    u  j  ;.. »•„... ~»    ~.
he blow of shortages. By Thurs-|,I-'8ht Corp. .slashed ^s fiow of gas day, Pittsburgh area fabricators!^". '* '''^^*^"' ^^'^ "^"'^ counties, and manufacturers are expected to
workers  were  laid  off Wednesday in five Toledo plants aa a "holiday measure" but indicationa were they would return Monday. Utilities   suffered   from   the   fuel
northern frontier, which the gov-Uvhen trouble broke out prcviouslv ernment charges has been sup- between Azerbaijan and the Irani- Ported by neighboring nations. an centrnl government a year ago   /	
Lilted to See Fires, So He Set %250,000 Worth of Them
•lefferson City, Mo., Nov. 30 (UPi —A m.vslerioua wave of incendiary flrrs which had destroyed 1250,000 *orih of property in 10 central Missouri hamlets over a Ihree- nnonth period was solved wilh thc fonfesaion of a 46-vear-old ex-con- vli t today.
^ ol.   Hugh   H,   Waggoner,   super.
miles   from   the   village   nf  Loredo. aceite of  thc   latest   blaze.
Walker was to be taken tonight to Trenton in Grundy county where Prosecutor R. Leroy Miller already ha.s filed  charges of arson,  l.irccny
port from the Slavic nations, won thc flrst round today in her fight on racial discrimination against Indians in the Union of South Africa.
South Africa suflfcrAl a sting¬ ing though preliminary -selbai'k when two United Nations a-s-sem- bly committees meeting jointly adopted a resolution officially recog¬ nizing the existence of di.scrimina- lory measures im|lo»ed on Indian nationals in Durban and other; areas   of the  Union. '
"Tald tn Report i
Despite last-minute concessiotus | by Soulh Africa's Jan C. Smuts, the 54 nations approved a French- Mexican proposal calling upon India and South Africa to repori al the Assernbly's next session made in improving "the treatment" accorded   Indians  in  South   Africa
cut operations by 50 per cent.   This would   affect   approximately   75,000 to   100.000   more  workers. Output Near Low
Whole.sale layoffs and trimmed work weeks have combined to point to the third lowest point of steel produition during the year. The ingot rate was expected to slump lo slightly more than 40 per cent of capacity next week if the coal strike is not ended, one steel source saicT
Leading thc industry's downhill race were the cities of Pittsburgh. Youngstown and Birmingham.
U. 6. Steel Corp. planned cut¬ backs in the schedule of operations for the next week. More than 4.000 of iUs Pittsburgh districi workers already have been laid off and the work-week shortened for 8.500 others. More than half its 34,000 Chicago district employees were getting only three or four days a week. Out of a total of 129 open hearths, only 40 still were active. Auto Output Slows »
Low inventories threaten to apply the brakes to motor production if the steel plants close.    About 17,000
General Electric Corp. trimmed 300 envployeea off ita payrolla and more cuts are  expected.
Thc total of nearly 19.000 rail workers made jobless was expected to receive new additions with the announcement by the Penn.sylvania Railroad that lake coal loadings on the Sandusky docks have been abandoned S<!hedulea continue to be drastically curtailed In the steel- switching regions. Towns, Schools Worry
Schools and municipalities, large and small alike, were taking pre¬ cautionary measures to combat the fuel dearth. Pueblo. Colo., officials have taken over the city's supplies and initialed a rationing systim. Ashtabula, Ohio, reported it had only a week's supply while New Philadelphia. O.. schools cancelled a scheduled closing after receiving a last-minute coal consignment.
From Paducah. Ky., came the one bright note in the welter of pessii^istic reports. The Illinois Central Railway instructed Its 1.100 employees to report to thc repair shops Ihere for some neces¬ sary work. Some 3.000 olher IUl-1 nols Central workers remain  idle.   I
Lake Success, N. Y., Nov. 30 (UPl- The Supreme Lithuanian Committee of Liberation today re¬ newed its appeals to the United Nations to end "forcible seizures and deportations of Lithuanians by the Soviet Union."
The committee, in s letler to UN Secretary-General Trygve Lie, charged that thousands of Lithuan¬ ians had been sent to "remote and even uninhabitable" parts' of the Soviet Union, and that Russia was attempting "to exterminate" the Lithuanian nation.
The UN waa urged to include the chargea on the general as¬ sembly's agenda, or to send them to the economic and social council for  conaideration.
"The conduct of the government of Moscow in SoViet-occupied Lith¬ uania is In flagrant contradiction to the international engagements it assumed by signing the United Nations Charter," the committee declared.
Use Bombs, Guns In Jerusalem to
Attack British
Mines Planted on Roads While Gang Uses Gunfire on Public Buildings.
Jerusalem. Palestine, Sundav. Dec. I. (UP)- Six persons, includ¬ ing two policeman, a soldier and a girl, were injured tonight in anti-British attacks by the Jewish underground Storn Gang, In and around Jerusalem.
Roads appeared to be the main target of the attacks, which lasted for several hours. Bomb and mine explosions and bursts of small- arms fire could be heard through¬ out  the city during the night.
Too Old to Attend Pare fits* Anniversary
Jena, l>a . Nov. 30. (UP)—Uncis Jase and Aunt Bianca Doughety, both 94, observed their 75th wed¬ ding anniver.sary here today.
However., their oldest son, William Richard Doughety, 73, of  Yantis,  Texas,   couldn't  come.
He's too  old to  travel.
previous attacks had lasted no longer than 20 minutes, still waa in force two and one half hours after   thc   explosions.
Telephone    reports    from    Haifa and Tel Aviv said those cities were
quiet. While   the   shooting   was   going!    Reports from Tel Aviv said Stern
Hungary   Protests Alas* Expulsions
Washington, Nov. JO. (UP)- Hungary has protested to the Big Four foreign ministers against the mass expulsion of Hungarians from their homes In Czechoslovakia and also has asked reduction of Hungarian reparations to avoid the threat of economic collapse, it was announced  today.
The note s<nt yesterday said Czechoslovakia waa expelling Hun¬ garians in mass from their vil¬ lages and deporting them lo Bohemia. •
"Th* deportation of these persons is being carried out by force and is accompanied by bloody incidents, the infliction of personal injuries and the shackling of deportees," the note said.
on in Jerusalem, Irgun Zval Leumi, another underground organization showered Tel Aviv with leaflets threatening death to the British officials responsible for departing more than 3,000 Jewish immigrants to Cyprus. On Road to Barracks
Fifteen mines were exploded or neutralized along the roads lead¬ ing to the Allenby Barracks, where British troops are quartered, and to Mount Scopas, where general headquarters is acheduled to move.
Roads were torn up in two places,, and It was believed for a time that the attack was intended lo deny police and troops access to the center of the city, in prepar¬ ation for an actual battle there. When no major attack materializ¬ ed, il was assumed that the dis¬ orders were merely another of the series of terrorist demonstrations.
Police and troops of the Argyll Sutherland Highlanders cordoned off thc affected areas through thc night, denying access to all com¬ ers. Even a Jewish Red Cross ambulance was thoroughly .search¬ ed before it was allowed to pass the   cordon.
A   government   communique   re¬ ported     that    "all     attacks     were beaten off." Four Explosions  First
The Stern Gang offensive slarl¬ ed with four heavy explosions that rocked the city. Three hours later British authorities imQ^cd a cur¬ few until further notice that para¬ lysed more than half of Jerusalem covering parts of both the Arab and Jewish quarters. It was along the main highway leading to the coast at Jaffa. The    danger    alarm,    which    in
PORTER SAID IN LINE FOR BIG RADIO JOB
Waahlngton, Nov. SO. (UP)- Paul A. Porter, who headed OPA in its death .throes, prepared to leave government service today, re¬ portedly to take a $50.000-a-year radio  job.
Porter, last of four OPA admin¬ istrators, resigned last night, ef¬ fective Dec. 4.
John D. Small, head of the Civi¬ lian Production Administration, was expected to follow suit soon. OPA and CPA functions are to be absorbed by a new liquidation agency.
SEEK COMPROMISE ON BALKAN REPARATIONS
New York, Nov. ao <UP) -The Big Four foreign ministers were understood tonight tn be seeking a compromise in which the amount of reparations Greece and Yugo¬ slavia gel from- Italy and Bul¬ garia will be linked to compensa¬ tion which Axis aalellites will be forced to pay for wartime damage to  Allied  property.
French Deputy Foreign Minister Maurice Couve de Murville last night suggested a reparations com- prbmise by whiih Greece would get $105,000,000 from Italy and $50,- 000.000 from Bulgaria, with Yugo¬ slavia getting $I2,').000.000,000 Irom Italy and $30,000,000 from Bulgaria.
This may prove the basis ot a compromise which will get Ihc big four over the hump of reparations
The United States haa sought to limit the proportion of payment of reparations and compen-sation to 25 per cent, and Russia" agrees with this country
Gang members stole two taxicabs and a truck there this morning and held the drivers until 10 p.m. when they were released with In¬ structions to "tell the police ws are the Stern Gang." .^lay Search Homes
The Stern Gang men told the drivers their cars would be fpund In   Jerusalem.
The government communique said particulars of the attacks could not be determined immedi¬ ately. The curfew prevented private investigation. It was believed the curfew presaged hou.sc to house searohes   by   British   troops.
Although Jerusalem turned quiet near midnight, there still were oc¬ casional thuds shaking the city. II was believed these mines wers being  detonated  by  British  troopa.
SJiortly before 6:30 p, m., the communique said, the Jews started a .30-minute attack on the Mus- lashfa police barracks on the edge of lhe city. The assault was mads with rifles, pistols and hand gren¬ ades from the windows of adjoin¬ ing Rouses
The   government   also   reported that   unexploded   mines   had   been found on several Jerusalem atreets and   disposed   of   by   soldiers. OorrropnndenI  Warned
All of Ihe shootirtg did not come from that area, however, and there was no immediate explanation for the  rest of it.
Police sped through Jerusalem in armored cars. Bren gun car¬ riers and radio vehicles, shooting at anything that looked suspicious.
Thia correspondent succeeded in reaching the postoffice to file these dispatches after Arguing his way past two Palestine policemen. One, with a firm grip on the cor¬ respondent's arm, said: "Don't you know it's dangerous lo walk around in civvies tonight. We are not particular who we shoot al."
Valley Scene
Thr .iiudeiit huiinfi m tkt srhnfil room'n vfntilntor and cowplifrlfi rnnfuainfj thr tcaeh- IT. whn icpniifffd xrhfre Ikt nn^wer-.nn voice was coming from whrn he called on the bey to   recite.
A Ktrect aueeper pimhinq hit tr' •Ird refuge container like a In^ ' enrrtagr on the jammed Puhlie Square sidrvalk Friday aitrrnoon,
Crnvdrd iftrerts, crowded sidt- trnlk", crondrd i>tore>. . . • Crouidrd   period
KingsloH    atreet    department truck   driver   taking    ttme   out earlii   Friday   morning   to   feed Great  Britain seeks to make the)   pquirrrh   nl   James   stretl   and limit   75   per,cent. W'lioming avenut.
FBI Evidence Ready On Georgia Massacre
and burglary againit him.   If tried  The    propo.sal    was    endorsed     by
India's  Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Pandit and   the  Soviet   bloc.
The General Assembly still must approve by a two-thirds majority today's decision, which was passed
and    found    guilty   of   setting   flre
to    a    dwelling    he    could    receive ifrom   two   years   to   life   imprison- intrndcnt    of    the    State    Highway .'"^"••,,""7"7-'i,,^«"^-^
Patrol, said Eloy  (EIopus)  Walker   .  ^^'^"'7  "''•   ^^^<' ^'•""Pf   ^Y»': - ,,,       ,.
N'egro.   admitted   that   he   was   re-   ,7   VVilson    he   "guessed    he    just   by   a   vote   of  24   to   19.    The   slim "Ponsible   for   fires   which   led   loj "•*•;'"¦'"'«""¦'' ¦'"''"'"B- margin   indltaled   that   India   and
nne of the widest manhunts in thel    ''^"''\''.^   ".I'   "jf   I'^mptalion }o^,^g^   supporters    would    have    dif- "ntes   historv l"'*"'   """'   ""''''  ' ^'*'   wfchcd   H'c  fi^uitv
faiighl  Near'Lalcftl ! llamas  a   long   time,"   he   told   the j jj^   British Support
Walker   was  arrested   this  afler-' iT""'',''''     „ j „ .. So'ulh   Africa    ha.^   received    lhe
noon   on   a   highway   only   a   few  '"i'?]""'.^^"."""'!,^!""*';
In Today'a laaue
Outdoor   	
Obituary	
Sport*     	
Kditorial    „'.'.'1'.„
Social      _ _  C—I
^lo»ie«       .,_____ '' f'_g
Radio .,.,,„ ^  C—9
tiassifled  ...........^..I'.ZZ...... C—U
^o..rg.ar.>  ^eeuH-n   ,.oiive .support  of   the   United   States   and
!     -The    natrol    chief    ..aid    Walker;     ^'^        throughout   the   racial   dis- • had. given   no   motive   for   scttin-1°. „.,,.„  ,,*,,,
Alhens, Gif., Nov. 30. (UP)-The Federal Bureau of Invesligalion today completed ils four-month in
vestigatlon of the lynching of four, the release of Roger Malcolm, who
Negroes and a federal grand jury convenes Monday to hear a mass of evidence authorities expected lo result  in indictments.
A small mob of whites lynched two Negro men and their wives 'in an . isolated section of adjacent Walton couniy July 25. The crime aroused national indignation. The Federal Department of Justice was flooded wilh 30,000 demands for retribution a  record.
'i,SOO tiuestioned
planter who was taking the Negroes to his farm. He had post¬ ed   $600   bond   at   Monroe.   Ga.,   for
was   accused   of   stabbing   Barney Hester  jr.,   his white   employer.
The lynch boss was described by Harrison as tall and heavy, deeply sunburned, wearing a brown suit and a straw hal. He gave orders in a crisp, light voice and ".sounded like a retired general or doctor." Harrison snid. Hard  to  Oct   Rvidenee
Gov.   Ellis. Arnall   ordered   a   re¬ lentless state Investigation. He said
4th Birthday of the Atom
Snap of Slide Rule Was Mark of Success
Chicago. Nov 30 lUPi—Four years ago Monday, an Italian scien¬ tist standing in a converted squash rackets courl al the University of Chicago snapped his slide rule shut and a smile spread over his face.
The smile was a signal of suc¬ cess. He and his associates had be. gun a self-sustaining nuclear re¬ action and halted it, had released atomii'   energy   and   controlled    it.
of them -sat in a balcony over¬ looking a balloon-enclosed pile made up of alternate layers of graphite  brick   and   uranium
For days, workers Jiad added graphite and uranium to the "Chicago Pile." Now it was near¬ ing the critical stage where a nuclear  reaction  might  be slarled.
At 9:45 a. m. Fermi ordered the electrically   operated    control    rods
"They   had   opened  the  way  for  the withdrawn from thc pile,   A motor atom  bomb. whirred.   Counters   clicked   off   the
Thc scientist was Dr. Enrico Fermi. Nobel Physics Prize win¬ ner  now   on   the staff  at   the   Uni
versity of Chicago.    On Monday he [pile
count of neutrons. Nearby, the quivering pen of a recorder traced the    neutron   activity   within   the
will   retell- the   story   of   that   suc-
(rimin.ition  fight.
South Africa has thrown her full "(^
KBI agents auctioned 2,S00 per-    "J "^ Tgains?    them ns.     Federal    officials    indicated  f^„^'"?„"*'
CJ-ll
B—I
fre  biisiiie.'.';   buildings,  homes and
. , r. , , ;      Noilin   Airica  nas   imuwii   lifi    lull           - . ,_     .„:„i,.   i_n»
-hurrhcs.     BurRlary   was   thr   ^V'\^Xl\\c^^^^^ K.and  ju.y   mqu.o'  rnight lant
'*'' * ...      •          lihice   weeks.
»»        ¦ 1 *i_ 1    J . ft      ^u-pflish nrono.«al to send tne tshue,
He said the man had been unaer,-^«^d'«h prop ^ ^^^^^ ^^^ p^^^^^y
H"r''n"rnrder°'^'"o    T'ene  nf The    "ob"     delegates   at    the   joint Malcolm and George and May Dor- borti   In   ( order.   Mo.,   scene  of  tnc|i"*-      i.".^       u hi •'      1       t        . tied to trees and  blasted
nr.M    of   C'e    fires,   \vhere   a    ""*" '''^'',''°" , °    j   ,cc*itv   commiItees with  shotguns  by  about 20 men.     lintended    to    deprive    Roger    Mal-itisls and engineers who assembled nns.crinu hi., description wn.. seen   V^"|;^^' '^^^j'^'^d   j;;'• „ p-renTWx-1    "rhe   mob   waylaid   the   automo-lcolm  of trial  by Jury on the .lab-!at  8:30 a.  m.  Dec.  2,  1942,   beneath
recently  he   "understood"   that  the ''^'^'f"' experiment. ,     ,    .      ^
names   of   15   to    17   members   of      Others who will participate in the the mob were known, "but getting anniversary cercmoniPs include Dr. ¦ * K  Walter   H.    Zinn.    director   of   the
Argonne  National   Laboratory,  and Maj-Gen.   Leslie   R.   Groves,   com¬ mander  of   the   War   Department's Manhattan   Project, Experts l.«oked  on
Zinn  was  in  the  group of scien-
ia some¬ thing elae
The only way the federal gov¬ ernment can prosecute is under civil  llt>erties laws.
To oblain a conviction, the gov¬ ernment must  prove that the mob
lepvlne   a   house   at   the ithe  Ijlazc,
•ime   of vt
• lean rcsnlutinn.
ibile   of J.  Loy  Harri-son, a  county  bing charge.
'the   stands   of  Stagg   Field.    Most
At 10:37 a. m. Fermi ordered another eonlrol rod withdrawn partially   from   the   pile.
"Pull    it    to^   13    feet."    he    said quietly,    without    taking   his    eyes off   the   instrumenla. Kept   Trjing
The counters clicked faster, the graph   pen   moved   up.
"This  Is  nol  it,"  said  Fermi.
Seven minutes latcr the rod came oul another foot Fifteen minutes   and   another    six    inches. I
counters clipked faster, but ths |^a indicating neutron activity rota only briefly.then leveled off.
This process was repeated liaM and again
At 3:25 p. m., Fermi ordered Dm rod withdrawn another foot, tuen- ed and said quietly: '"nils is goiag lo  do it."
He look oul his slide rule aad computed the ri.se of lhe neukKMi counts over a one-minute p*rkit. The click of the counters was tm fast  for  the  human  ear.
This   time   there was   no  levsNaff off.    For 28 minutes it rose. It   Was  a   Success
Fermi's whole face broke io(« • broad smile. He cloaed his slide rule and announced quietly, happily "Thc   reaction   is   self-sustaining"
A ripple of applause went aratmd the balcony as the smiling scien¬ tist ordered the emergency safety rod back inlo place. Il was all over. Man had started, and stopped, kla first nuclear reaction. « A few minutes later, the group filld from' the stands of Iks stadium. A guard asked one it them:
What's  going on. Doctor,
The   reault   was    the    same:    The thing  happen  tn  there?"