The Colonization herald and general register

              AND GENERAL REGISTER.
CONDUCTED BY   THE   PENNSYLVANIA  COLONIZATION  SOCIETY.
WHATSOEVER  YE   WOULD   THAT  MEN   SHOULD   DO  TO   YOU,   DO   YE   EVEN  SO  TO  THEM.
Vol. I—NEW SERIES.
PniLADELPHIA,  WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER   10,   18 3 8
I\0. 4 1.
RURAL CODE OF HAITI.
(Concluded.)
LAW, No. V.
TIN   THE  CATIE AND MANAGEMENT OF THE ANIMALS, AND
THE DAMAGE THEY MAY DO IN THE FIELDS.
100. Cattle belonging to cultivators, shall be kept
TITLE SECOND.
Of the Superintendence.
Chapter I.
be charged with the superintendence of the section,
and its police.
141. The officer of the Rural Police of the different
sections shall be independent of each other, and shall
OJ the high superintendence of the Commandants of have no relation except with the Commandants of the
Departments. j commune and of the department under whose orders
123. The Military Commandant of the Department ■ they were placed:   they shall correspond  moreover
having the general puperintendenceof the agriculture  with the civil authorities, and shall pay deference to
in herds with those of the proprietor; and the keepers 0f the Department intrusted to him, unites the author-, their requisitions.
shall be paid their salary, half by the proprietor, and  ity necessary for giving activity to agriculture, and is !     142. The dwelling of the officer of the Rural Police
ha I. by the cultivators. I responsible, 1st, for the decay of cultivation within the j shall be fixed in the centre of his section, and near the
101. It is forbidden to mutilate, maim, or kill beasts extent of his comman(|. 2d, for the execution of the ! public road which traverses it.
of burden, or horned cattle, found in the cultivated   whole part of the Rural Code within the extent of his j     143. The officer of the Rural Police is especially
land, or gardens, having leaped over or forced the  Department; 3d, for the negligence of the Comman-' charged to cause agriculture to prosper in the section
i^wf* i   ■   r   iu      ri i      i ii   i       idants of communes under his orders, relative to the ■ confided to him, and to cause the law and property to
1UB. It is forbidden likewise to wound or kill sheep superintendence of agriculture in the communes con- j be there respected.    He is responsible, in the extent
found in cultivated gardens, or enclosures
103. Pigs and gouts, found in cultivated gardens and
enclosures, may be killed.
104. The animals enumerated in Articles 101 and
102, which may be found in cultivated gardens, shall
be conducted, within twenty-four hours after their
seizure, before a Justice of Peace, to be sent to the
pound of the commune, if within that time the owner
do not withdraw them from the pen of the plantation
in the gardens of which they may be found.
105. The officer of the Rural Police shall, within
fined to them, provided ho shall not have checked that of his section, 1. For the due execution of the Rural
negligence. | Code in what is within his province, as well as all other
124. The Commandant of the Department is bound j acts of the government relative to the agriculture, or
to make, once in every year, a circuit through all the the Rural Police. 2. For every neglect in the super-
rural sections of the different communes composing j intendence of and manual labour of the plantations of
the department, in order to satisfy himself personally I the section. 3. For all vagrancies, disorders, and
of the execution of the laws, of the progress and state ! breaches of police in the section, when he has not re-
of indu&try, and make a detailed report upon the sub- J pressed them, or reported them to the superior author-
ject to the President of Haiti. | ity.    He shall take an oath before the Commandant of
125. This annual report, which must be made by the the district, previous to entering on the duties of his
Commandants of Departments to the President, shall, office.
twenty.fi.or hours after a declaration by the parties in-  state the mimber of plantations kept up in every sec-'     144. The officer of the Rural Police shall have un¬
vested, he bound to draw up a written statement of tioil) their kind rf cu|tivalion( their improvPment, or jder his orders, at a fixed station, three rural guards,
in due form as above, that the said Justice may decide
according to law.
If he has under his orders cantons or parishes which
Places arid Communes.
120. The Commandant of the place or commune
10/.   lhe keepers who shall have suffered the am-   has the cui,ivatiun of the commune intrusted to him
mala mentioned  in Article 2/, to escape, when com
niitted to their charge, shall be bound to pay the ex¬
penses attending their capture, accordi
establ shed by law
UK   Proprietors,  renters, or managers of  planta
tions. are expressly forbidden to make use in any man
145. The officer of the Rural Police stall be bound
to make the circuit of his section, and visit each plan¬
tation in it once a week.
140. The officer of the Rural Police shall be ready
It     ft" ^orm m''ltarv P"s,s» {he Commandants of these posts   to attend to the calls of the proprietors, renters, or
ng to the taritt  have the parijcu]ar oversight of the cultivation of the   managers of plant.
district subject to their command.
127. The Commandment of the commune is respon¬
sible for the decrease of cultivation within the sphere
of his command, if it proceeds from the neglect of any
branch of the public service.
128. The Commandments of places and communes
are bound to make, three times in the year, the circuit
of the different sections under their command.
129. The Commandant of the commune, in his cir-
ner for themselves of the cattle, taken in their gardens,
during the time they shall remain in their pens before
being sent to the pound : any violation of this article
Bhall be punished by a fine of from five to fifteen dol¬
lars.
109. The seizure of the animals mentioned in Ar¬
ticle, 101 and 102 in gardens, when they are conduct- j cu^ gha]1 ^ ,he       |ens of      dlIce nnd        iei ^printer, if present, or in his absence, to the chief
ed to the  pound of the commune, shall be paid for as I the fe          and the new planlations<    He £,„ ^
follows: For each of the horse kind  one dollar ; for , mto _.„ thfi detaj]s      jnted ^ by ^ Rural Cod    &g_
each ass, seventy-five cents; for each horned animal,   cer,aining  whether the officer o'f the Rural Police of
ntations, by day and by night, or to
send rural guards there to enforce the law, and to
maintain order.
147. One of the rural guards shall reppat every
week, on each plantation of the section, the visit of the
officer of the Rural Police, so that the plantations shall
be visited al the least calculation twice every week.
148. When the officers of the Rural Police, or the
rural guards, in their ordinary rounds, shall arrive upon
a plantation, they shall address themselves first to the
one dollar and a half; and for each ram or sheep, twen¬
ty-five cents: one half to belong to the seizor, and one
half to the rural guards.
110. When the animals seized in gardens shall be
withdrawn from the pen of the plantation, before be¬
ing sent to the pound, thpre shall then be paid, and
only to the persons who have taken them, half the
penalty fixed by the last Article.
111. When an animal seized in a garden, and sent
to the pen of the plantation, happens to die by accident,
or otherwise, during the short timo it remains there,
or while passing to the residence of the JuMioo of the
Peace of the commune, the officer of the Police shall
be bound, by witnesses, to ascertain the cause of the
death of the animal.
112. When the death of the animal shall have been
the section has fulfilled all the duties imposed upon
him by the law. He shall repress whatever acts of
negligence and irregularity he shall observe; and of
the whole, an account shall be drawn up in the pre¬
scribed form, for each section ; a duplicate of which
shall be sent to the Commandant of the department.
CnAPTER   III.
Of the Rural Sections, of the Officers of the Rural
Police, of the Rural Guards, and of the Managers
and Conductors of Plantations.
Sect. I.— Of the Rural Sections.
130. The communes shall, by an express regulation
of the President of Haiti for each military depart¬
ment, be divided into agricultural sections, of about
four leagues etch in the plains, and in the mountains
caused  by negligence, want ot food, or violence, the i rdin    to the naIure of tho       und.
proprietor renter, or manager of the plantation  shall *^ ^^ ^ ^ ^ n ^
pay its value, as estimated by arbitrators named by the   ..g ^^ ^ boundarirs shnl, be fixed.
Justice of the Peace of the commune.     1 he sum thus Aftpr ^ ^..^  are formpdj the Comman.
paid, shall be sent to the public administrator ot the 1 ^ rf ^ comm        ,he Counci, ofNot_bles, and one
district, to be paid to the owner, should he appear, or, lrf ^      ivate ?u ,s shall e in triplicate.
failing this, into the treasury. In all cases the damage , shePts endorsed by the Justice of Peace, schedules
done by the animal shall be paid for out of these pro- , j J-  ^  ^  propJprlies 8)tuated jn each gcctior)f
ceeds. ... i        u     • .       c with the names and designation of the proprietors, the
113. When animals seized in gardens, by virtue of rf property, and the kind of tillage carried
Article 104, sl.all be taken to the Justice of the Peace ;       ^^ * J .,Jge schedu,PS sha|, be*depogited
of the commune to be sent to the pound, if the owner , ^ {he office rf ^ Commandant of the commune, one
consents to pay the damage done, and the expenses of .vjth thfi Counci, of Nutllb] and the other in the
seizure, before they enter the pound, the Justice of the ; ^^ rf ^ officer rf ^ Rura| po,Jce rf {he geclJon
Peace shall acquiesce. I     133. The Council of Notables shall furnish to the
Persons conducting herds of cattle from one >stjce of peace of |h(j comrnune a co„ate(J copy of
the schedule deposited with them.    The Commandant
commune to another, whether to market, or for agri¬
culture, shall be bound to provide themselves with a
permit, stating t>e kind and number of animals they
are conducting, their description and  marks.
115. The permits shall be delivered either by the
commandants of communes, or given by the owners
and examined and signed by the Commandant; or upon
certificates furnished by the officer of the Rural Police
of the sections from whence the animals come. These
permits shall be registered by those who delivered
them, and seen and signed by the Commandants of all
the communes through which the herds may pass.
110. The conductors of herds, when met by the Ru¬
ral Police or the gend'armerie, shall be bound, on de¬
mand, to show their permits: and where the number
of* animals, or their description, shall not agree with
the statement in the permit, they may, should any
cause of suspicion appear, be arrested, and conducted
to the nearest post, with the animals, in order to be
brought before tho Justice of the Peace of the com¬
mune.
117. If the parties brought before the Justice of tho
renter, or the manager, and shall inquire if every thing
is in order: after this formality, they shall set them¬
selves to inspect the labours, to satisfy themselves that
these proceed properly; they shall also see whether all
the labourers are at work ; and they shall inquire the
causes of the absence of such as are not at work, and
6hall act according to law.
149. When an officer of the Rural Police of the
section, is prevented by any lawful cause from making
the circuit and visit required by articles 145 and 146,
he shall be bound to give notice thereof to the Com¬
mandant of the commune, who shall replace him by an
officer of the gend'armerie, or of the troops of the line
n"l5\?.rcrti;e faienrrYre'ifflraT tf ...p1, WfoWtaot?.
lawful hinderance, shall neglect to make the rounds
and visits required by the articles 145 and 140, shall
suffer a punishment, to be inflicted by the Commandant
of the commune; and in case of his repeating the ne¬
glect, he shall be reported to the Commandant of the
department, who shall be bound to bring him to the
notice of the President of Haiti.
151. Every Sunday morning, the officer of the Ru¬
ral Police shall be bound to present himself in person,
or send one of his rural guards, with a written report,
to the Commandant of the commune, to inform him of
whatever remarkable may have occurred in his section.
152. The officer of the Rural Police, and the rural
guards, shall receive their pay and allowances, accord¬
ing to their ranks, when* ver the troops ef the line in
actual service shall be paid.
153. The state shall supply to tho rural guards arms,
accoutrements, and clothing, as to the troops of the
line.
154. The uniform of the officer of the Rural Police,
shall be a grpen coat, with flaps turned back, collar,
of the commune shall furnish to the Commandant of cuf[s' ?nd fa,cines rrd< wh,,e hmng. white buttons half
the department, a copy of the same schedule deposited ! «ched' w,'h,a cornucopia surrounded by the cap of
in his office. The Commandant of the department, \ I,be.rtv. ,and ** » legend, Repubhque d Haiti, and a
after having connected the schedules of the plantations focked  ''aJ\   T r:ey shall also bear in silver the epau
of all the sections of the commune forming his depart-
lettes and fringes of their ranks, wear while waistcoats
ment, shall dre w up a catalogue of the whole, a certi- i and P?"1?1"?"8'8nd n,nrs<Tu8 boots- T,1,at of tl!e ™™X
Bed copy of which he shall address to the President of ,&uards sha11 be aJa!;ke£of   ^ ?me C0]?Z and T     r
,, .j: XJ as the officers of the Rural Police, with the marks of
134. The officer of the Rural Police shall give no- thpir **"*" ,in la™ of ei,ve?; ?,r. "jfe worsted' and
tice to the Commandant of the commune, of every ! P,ated ,!e,,!'ets- ™f a""a Bna-! ^ the dragoons sabre
change of property of a rural estate situated in th; j cartouche-box and blanderbuss; they shall wear a red
s, ct.on, and of every change of cultivation, who shall | shou'der belt f)orn "ght,to.left' w,lh "/orce de la *%*
note it in the roll deposited in his office, and shall give ] wr,tten uPon ll m blue ,elier8-
notice of it to the Commandant of the department, who I Sect. 3.— Of Managers and Conductors of Plan-
shall likewise inscribe the change on the roll in his tations.
hands, and inform the government of it. 155. Upon every plantation where the proprietor is
135. The Council of Agriculture of the section, s not resident, and where there is no chief renter resi-
shall give the same notice to the Council ot Notables dent, there shall be a manager appointed by the pro¬
of the commune; and the Council of Notables, after   prietor or chief renter.
having noted it, shall inform the Justice of Peace, who j     156. The proprietor or chief renter, after having
l"-c'   shall cause the change to be inscribed on the copy of chosen such manaf-pr as he nleases shall enter into a
Peace, cannot prove thir right ol property in the am-    ,        ., .    , •     <e , .m».i nutu iiiiui-g_r hh ne pi-asra, .nun tin.r 11110 a
mala for which there is no permit, and if they cannot   U,e ™" '" ,:,s othce- mutual contract with him, before a notary, the terms
give good security for their bringing back the proof of _ V3G- Eve^ >'£""' bet*?en *he ^ ,and J      " h °f < be,n^ 8Uch as the Parties may a*ree uP°n : after wh,ch
•      »;      :_,;__.: ._ 1 n„?.,„.?. 1 . . j    February, the officers of the Rural Police of each sec
property within a time to be allowed them, not exceed- ^"'"".v- «« U1"7'° « ,l"c *»«•»- «■£•;- «*«• *» l the manager shall be made known to the officer of the
ing fifteen days, they shall be sent .0 pr.son, and the ,lon' **» rfe(;e,ve from lhe a«enlfs for the.fina»cial de" \ Rural Police of the Section.
animals to the pound partment of their commune, a certain number of stamp-1 157. Every proprietor, or chief renter of a rural pro-
118 Within a month from the day of the arrest, the ?d hsts of population in blank; which they shall be perty in cultivation, not residing upon it, and who shall
Justice of the Peace sl.all be bound to write to the b°und <°/o™Ish to!h« proprietor, renter or manager . not have appointed a manaoer for the property, shall be
Justice of the commune from which the person impri- of "J" plantation rfl^^^f^^^^.^ ■ subject, if the number of the cultivators exceed ten, to
soned may have come, or to the officer of the Rural month; receiving the price of the stamp, which shall , a fine of from ten to fifty dollars, according to the ex-
Police oU.e sec-ion" if in the same commune,) to be Paid ov^° the afcnt; ri,'S ,?«»nient shall be ; ,ent of the property. When the number of laborers
obtain information bo thabout the person and the ani- ,na(le as follows:. Thet stamPed hst f P0P,ula,'on, ^or d°es not exceed ten, the management may be intrusted
mals stopped; which information, on being received, an estate containing ten carreaux rf^fend, Ad» teU.£ndw*0£
shall be forwarded tothe public administrator, with the ^elve and a half cents; for those having-eleven1 to j     158. The duties of the manager are to superintend,
written statement of the Justice of the Peace, to be twenty-one carreaux. twenty-five cents, for twenty-; B the interest of the proprietor who employs h.m, the
used as the ground of charge a^inst the suspected °™ cnarr™ux< and upwards, fifty cents.               .    _      | laborers of the plantation intrusted to him
person, should cause appear for prosecuting him.
LAW, No. VI.
CONCERNING THE RVRAL POLICE.
TITLE FIRST.
General Regulations.
130. The proprietors, renters, or managers of plan-1     159. The managers of plantations are answerable to
I tations, shall be bound to return the plantation list fill-  the proprietors, or chief renters, for every neglect or
j ed up in the manner there pointed out, to the officer of abandonment of labor where they are employed. They
: the Rural Police, at the latest on the 20th of March  shall in such case be prosecuted by the parties en-
following, under penalty of a fine of fifteen to fifty  titled.
dollars for each neglect. j     160. The manager shall have the respect of all the
13S. The officer of the Rural Police of each section  laborers of the estate where he is employed.
119 The Rural Police embraces all which belongs shall be bound, on the 5th of April at the latest, to send 161. Upon an estate where the fields or gardens are
to the management and the prosperity of rural proper- in a11 the PoPulaUon lists of his section, or note the divided among associations working for half, or among
ty names of the defaulters, to the Council of Notables of sub-tenants, each headman of such association, and
120 The Rural Police is conducted under the su- each commune, under penalty of suffering himself the each sub-tenant, becomes the conductor of his own
perintendence of the Commandants of Departments, fine imposed by the preceding article. working party, or of his association. He is answerable
and of the Commandants of communes, by officers of      139- 0n the first of May every year, the Councils  for the labor of his associates.
Rural Police placed in the sections of each commune; , of Notables of every commune shall address to the 162. The duties of the conductors are, to cause the
by the rural guards, bv the o-end'armerie, and, at need, government the original population lists which they ] work to be done, by the laboring parties intrusted to
by detachments of troops of the line. < bave received, in virtue of the preceding article. j them, under the direction of the proprietor, chief rent-
121 The Justices of the Peace exercise also the   _        _     _-.„,     __. /•,„. D      7r»i- 3   e er, or manager.
%£k£L XTc^intS out by law. , Sect. 2.-0/ ^ f^J^ ' f\   ."V" T^T £_! be SETS S^JE
153  The Councils of Notables of the communes, and me rurai * " r   " gleet of work; for all absence, without lawful autho-
the Councils of Agriculture, are to assist, all the au- 140. In every Rural Section, a military officer off rity, of the laborers; and for all disorders and vagran-
thorities in perfectly maintaining the superintendence subaltern rank (from sub-lieutenant to captain) chosen l cies of the laborers; when they shall not hive reported
of the Agricultural Police        s . by the President of Haiti, shall be stationed, who shall  the same to the competent authorities.
164. The conductors shall be paid from the proceeds proprietor or chief renter, who shall not give this per-
of the produce raised by the laborers they direct, ac-  mission unless the case be urgent.
cording to article 57, of law No. 3. ,__
Chapter III.
___ Chapter IV. Of the discipline of the laborers.
Of the Council of Agriculture in the Rural Sections.,     m The laborer8 upon  rural  properties shall be
165. On the first of May in every year, being the obedient to the conductors of ihe works, to the head-
day of the Festival of Agriculture, the Commandant of men of associations, to the sub-tenants, chief renters,
each Commune, the Justice of Peace, and the Council proprietors, and managers, whenever they are called
of Notables, shall conjointly select from each Rural upon to execute the labors for which they have con-
Section, three of the most respectable citizens, being  traded.
proprietors, chief renters, or managers, to form the,     1&9. Every act of disobedience or insult, on the part
Council of Agriculture of the Section. of a workman, commanded to do any work which he
166. The selection of the members of the Council of has engaged to do by a reciprocal contract or agree-
Agriculture shall be immediately communicated, by   ment, shall be punished by imprisonment, according to
the Commandant of the Commune, to the Command-   the exigency of the case, and according to the decision
ant of the Department, who shall communicate it to the  of the Justice of Peace of the Commune.
Government. 190. Saturdays, Sundays, and Holydays, being at the
167. The members of the Council of Agriculture' disposal of the cultivators, they shall not be permitted
shall be in office for one year only ; but they may be on working days to quit their work to indulge in dan-
re elected each year, if they have shown zeal in the c ng or feasting, neither by night nor by day. Offend-
execution of their duties during the former year. ers against tins rule shall be subject to three days'
168. The Council of Agriculture being composed of imprisonment for the first offence, and to six days for a
persons cultivating the soil, and interested in lhe pre-  repetition of it.
servation of good order in  tho rural administration, p ._-
each of the members is bound, without essentially de-1 Chaptee IV.
ranging his own affairs, to inquire into all that passes °n thp m"king and repairing Public Roads.
in his Section, in order to report to the Council of No- !     101. The public roads shall be kept up and repaired
tables. I by the laborers, in turn, of the whole section they pass
169. The business of the Councils of Agriculture is, I through, whenever their state of injury may require
1. To see that tho laws relating to cultivation are not i repair. The private roads shall in like manner be
infringed in their execution. 2. To endeavor, by new kept in order by the cultivators of the estates of the
experiments, and by mointaining concord among all 'Section who are in the habit of using them.
those interested in cultivation, to increajse progressively j     102. Whenever a public or private road needs re-
its results.    3. To communicate tothe Council of No- ; pair, the officer of the Rural Police shall give notice
tables, and to the military authorities, every abuse or  01 it 'o the Commandant of the Commune,
neglect, which may occur in the Section which they!     193. If the repairs are of small importance, Ihe Corn-
inhabit. ; mandant of the Commune shall order them to be done.
170. The members of the Council of Agriculture are j But if they require many hands, he sl.all give notice of
to correspond, individually or collectively, with the ; it to the Commandant of the Department, that it may
functionaries or authorities with whom they are re-j be promptly accelerated. The Council of Agriculture
quired to have relations. j of the Section shall inform the Council of Notables of
171. The office of a member of the Council of Agri¬
culture is honorary.
Title Third.
Of the Rural Police.
172. The Rural Police is to be specially administer-1 work.
the work which is to be done.
104. The number of laborers necessary for any par¬
ticular repair, shall be taken from the plantation rolls
mentioned in article 132, in proportion to the laboring
population of each, which is bound to assist in the
ed by the officers charged with the Rural Sections of
the Communes, assisted by rural guards.
173. The Rural Police has for its objects, 1. To re¬
press vagrancy. 2. Order and assiduity in the labors
of the field. 3. The discipline of the laboring popula¬
tion. 4. The making and repairing public and private
roads.
Chapter I.
Of the Repression of Vagrancy,
174. All persons who shall not be proprietors, or 1 F
^.......f ,£ iQ„, __     . • .   ,. „„ „ „ r  K, u   (furnish them, sha    be hab e to a fine of three dollars
renters ot the land on which they are fixed, or who, e , , , _ _.     . .   -    ,   ,_■_,     _■      .   •
._i._n n-.. h„,.n „--(..»(__ ...;.k _^ _. • - u- t '°r each laborer not furnished ; half the fine to be paid
snail not have contracted with some proprietor or chief   f   »■      ■ c c j i_ 1.       u 1      j •
195. Those proprietors who have not four laborers
attached to their estate, shall, in no case, furnish more
than one laborer for the repairs of roads.
106. Every cultivator ordered to work in repairing
the roads, who shall not come to lhat work, sIibII poy
a fine of six quarter dollars a week, or be imprisoned
for one week, and this shall not exempt him from work¬
ing the week following.
197. Every proprietor or chief renter of a plantation,
who, having received a demand for laborers, shall  not
proprietor
renter, shall be reputed vagrants, and shall be arrested
by the Rural Police of the Section in which they may
be found, and carried before the Justice of Peace of
lfo. The Justice of Peace, alter interrogating aim
hearing the person brought before him, shall make
known the law which obliges him to employ himself
in agricultural labor; and after that notice he shall de¬
tain him in prison, until he shall have contracted ac¬
cording to the terms of the law.
176. The Justice of Peace shall take care the person
arrested shall make his own choice of the proprietor, or
chief renter, or sub-tenant, or headman of an associa¬
tion, with whom he may contract.
177. If after eight days'detention the detained has
not taken measures for engaging in agricultural em¬
ployment,  he shall  be sent to the public works, for
to the chest of fines, and half lo be employed in re¬
placing the laborers.
198. Laborers called out to repair the roads, shall
bring the tools and agricultural instruments used on the
shall furnish them With' toots" wun 'WhiuPwc Isto'oe
supplied bv the administration, and upon the report of
its being made to the Jus-tice of Peace of the Com¬
mune, he shall sentence tho proprietor of the plantation
to which the defaulters may belong, or his representa¬
tive, to reimburse to lhe administration double the va-
| lue of the tools furnished.
199. When means of transport are wanted for the
repair of public or private roads, the estates having
wains or carts shall send them; in default of wains or
carts, cattle shall be supplied.
200. The supply of eight beasts of burden shall be
.........     , .._ _        _ ~ -.._ , _.       -.-..„_, .„. 1 eciuai to one cart with its team.
cleaning the city or town where the prison is situated, j    ^   No n shal,  for hig      jvate inIercSt, take
and there he shall be employed until he determines to from the reJair Gf the roads, those who are sent to work
contract to engage in rural labor.    Any person who them/ E        one contraVenii)g this order shall
withdraws any of these detained persons from the pub- j K fif do,]ar5 forJ each ,aborer m witlldpaw even
lie works, to employ them in private work, sl.all be tb/oneJday. The director of the work shall call over
subject to a fine of fifty dollars, of which a moiety shall jthe Jab   /rg morning, to ascertain their pre-
be paid to the detained person complaining. I sence
178. If the person arrested be a minor, the Justice j     202. The laborers ordered on the public roads shall
of Peace shall inquire for his parents and send him to \ nt ,hprr)Se>ves on Monday morning, and not to quit
join them, to follow their condition of life. i while the work shall last, until Friday evening.
1/9. After three months from the publication of this I
Code, rigor shall be employed against delinquents. Passed in the Chamber of Commons, at Port-au-
180. Every person fixed in the country as a cultiva- j Prince, on the 21st of April, 1826, 23d of Independ-
tor, who shall on a working d»y, and during the hours j ence.
of labor, be found  unemployed, or running about, or Muzaine, President of the Chamber.
lounging on the public roads, shall be considered as
idle, and shall in consequence be arrested and taken be¬
fore the Justice of Peace, who shall send him to prison I Code of Haiti, which shall be sent, within twenty-four
for twenty-four hours, for the first offence; and shall   hours, to the President of Haiti, to have his execution,
Pre. Junca, and Ardouin, Secretaries.
The Senate decrees the acceptance of the Rural
send him to public labor in the town on a repetition
of it.
181. The officers of the Rural Police shall take care
that vagrants and idlers do not conceal themselves un¬
der the garb of soldiers of the different corps. When
they discover, in the sections under their superintend¬
ence, men whom they do not personally know to be
in active service in the corps whose uniform they wear,
in the manner fixed by the constitution. At the Na¬
tional House at Port-au-Prince, this 4th of May, 1826,
23d year of Independence.
P. Rouanez, President of the Senate.
Gayot, and F. Dubreuil, Secretaries.
In the name of the Republic.
The President of Haiti orders, that the above Laws
they shall arrest them, and send them to the military | constituting the Rural Code of Haiti be sealed with
commandant of the commune, to ascertain if the indi-j the Seal of the Republic, and be published and exc-
vidual arrested wilh the uniform of a corps really be-: cuted.
longs to it. If the party prove not to be a soldier, he j Given at the National Palace of Port-au-Prince, this
shall be put in prison, according to Article 175, until   6th of May, 1826, 23d year of Independence.
Bo ver.
By the President, B. Inginac, Secretary-General.
THE SANDWICH ISLANDS.
Having obtained information of the present situation
he enter into a contract to labor in agriculture,
182. The officers of the Rural Police shall take care I
that in the respective Sections under their command,
no person shall live in idleness.    To this end they have 1
authority to oblige such persons as are employed in la- [
bor, to give account of the nature of their occupations; j
and if they cannot prove that they cultivate the soil, or , of this interesting portion of Polynesia, from one who
are employed on breeding farms, according to the Law   has observed it in person, we have set down some hasty
No. IV., they shall be considered as without a living,' and detached memoranda of our gleanings.
Four hundred children usually assemble in the Sun¬
day school, at Wailokui. Abont 250 of these read very
well, and are capable of comprehending almost any
and 6hall be arrested as vagrants.
Chapter II.
Of order and assiduity in rural labor. I subject in morals or religion which is plainly exhibited'.
183. The labors of the field shall commence on Mon-' Diseases introduced by Europeans during the visits
day morning, not to cease until Friday evening, (legal J of Cook, Vancouver, and others, have devastated the
holydays excepted.) But in extraordinary cases, when ' Islands, and still exert a fatal influence on the popula-
ihe interest of the cultivators as well as of the proprie-! tion.
tors requires it, work shall be continued until Satur-1     Books cannot be prepared in sufficient variety to
day. meet the wants of the people, as they learn to read
184. On working-days, the ordinary labor of the field ' This want is particularly felt in the schools.
shall commence at day-dawn, and continue until mid-1     One of the pupils of tbe High-school executes very
day, with the interval of half an hour for breakfast, [ correct maps by copperplate engraving,
which shall be taken on the spot where they are at j     The Sandwich Islands are chiefly mountains.    The
work.    In the afternoon, the labor shall commence at I summits of the two highest are covered with snow,
two o'clock, to continue until sunset. j The population live on or near the shores.    The moun-
185. Pregnant females shall be employed on light tains are evidently of volcanic origin, and the surface
work only, and after the fourth month of pregnancy,., even now is almost covered with lava. Not a twenti-
they shall not be liable to work in the field. j eth part of the surface has been cultivated.
186. Four months after delivery, they shall be bound ' Forty square feet of well watered land will produce
to resume labor; but they shall not be at work until   taro enough to sustain one person for a year.
one hour after sunrise, to quit at eleven o'clock, and!     The productions of the Island are taro, potatoes
from two o'clock until one hour before sunset. | yams, onions, sugar cane, corn, beans, cabbage, melons'
187. No cultivator fixed on a rural property, shall j tomatoes, bananas, bread fruit, grapes, a species of ap^
absent himself from the labor assigned him, without^ pie, guavas, figs, oranges, limes, pineapples, inulber-
the permission of the manager, in the absence of the Iries, &c.