Lancaster Examiner and Herald

              VOL. XXXI.
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 14, 1857.
No. 7.
POBUBBZPBY
BDW AKD C. DAKLINGTON,
OFPICB Dl XOBTB QOVKS BTaBCT.         _
The BXAMINEE & DEMOCEATIC HBRALD
IB publlab»d veekly, at two dolt-ae* a year. ADrEBTisEKssTs itot exceeding one square
will be Inflortad three times for one dollar, and twenty- flre cents -will be obargad for each addlUonal Inaertloa,— A. Uberal dlacooat aUowedto those adTerUaiaK by the year.      ____^__^_.^^.^,^^_.^___^,^«^
GOYEBNOR'S MESSAGE
To the Honorable the  Senators and Members
ofthe House of Representatives ofthe Gen¬ eral Assembly:—
pELLow-CmzEKs!—In obedience lo the Con- Btitution and laws of this Commonwealth, you have assembled to discbarge the impor¬ tant and responsible duties that devolve upon yon. To protect the rights and privi¬ leges of tbe people, advance their interests, promote the welfare and pposperiy of the State, should be tbe aim and end of all yonr legislation. In the discharge of my duties, it will be a pleasure to co-operate with yon in the accomplishment of these objects.
The past year has been one of nnu:iual prosperity. The bounties of a kind Provid¬ ence have not been withheld from our Com¬ monwealth. A plenteous harvest has reward¬ ed the labor of the hnsbandman. Honorable iudustry, in all its departments, haa been eDconraged. No financial embarroasments— no commercial distress—no political or social evils, bave interrupted the progreaa, or check¬ ed the energies of the people. The great in¬ terests of education, morality and religion, have been cherished and sustained. Health and peace, with their attendant Messiniis, have been ours. To Him "who rules the Nations by his power, and from whom cometh down every good and perfect gift," are we indebted for tbesy mercies, aud to Him should be given the homagn of our devout irratitude aud praise.
The linanoiat coiulition of the Gommou- wealth ia highly satisfactory. Kvery demnud upon the Trea?ury has been promptly met and pr.id, without ihe aid of Joan.s. The op»*ratioiis of thi?! df^partmeut will be exhibit¬ ed iu detail in tho report of the State Trea- surt-i.
Kor the fiscal year ending November 30, IS'iO", the rect^ipts at the Treasury (including the baUince in the Treasnrv on the first day of December, 1S55, of §1,"243,697 33) have l><-en $tJ,C21,937 04. Tlie total expen.litures for the same period, were $5,377,142 22.— Balance iu the Treasury, December 1, 1S5I5, $1,344,795, 42.
Escludini( tbe balance in the Treasury on thf first ot December, 1S55, the receipts, from all sources, were $5,378,240 33- The ordinary expenditures for the same period, were $4,- 113,144 77, showinc; an exce.'sg of receipts over ordinary expenditures of $1,265,095 56. » The extraordinary payments for the same year, were 5!l,2[J3,997 45, as follows, viz:— To tbe completion of the Portage railroad, and for the payment of debts previously con¬ tracted on that work, $181,494 11; to the North Branch extension, §122,723 52 ; to re¬ lay the soath track of the Columbia railroad $367,000 00; formotive power in 1S55, $116,- 040, 42; to enlarge the Delaware division of the Pennsylvania canal, $13,960 00; for general repairs in 1853-'54-'55, $63,965 11; to domestic creditors, $151 tjS; to old claim.s on the main line, examined by the corarais- sjoners, and paid under the Act of Mav 32, 1S56, $130,512 09; to the redemption of loans, $327,824 47 ; and relief notea cancel¬ led, §38,217 00.
The interest ou the fanded debt which fell due in February and Angust last, was then paid, and that which becomes due in Febru¬ ary nest^ will be paid with efjual promptness, ont of available means now in the Treasury. The punctaality with which the interest on tbe public debt has been paid, and the abili¬ ty of the Treasury to meet all legitimate de¬ manda upon it, have inspired public confi¬ dence in our securities, and contributed largely to establish and sustain the credit of the Commonwealth.
The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund report the sum of $722,432 93 as due by the Treasury to that fund. This amount will be applied to the redemption of relief notes now in circulation, and to the payment of the funded debt. Heretofore the available meaus in the Treasury have been applied, to some extent, in payment of outstanding tempora¬ ry loans, wbich bear an annual interest of six per centum ; it heing deemed advisable as a matter of economy to pay these loans, rather tban the funded debt, which bears a much lesa rate of interest. It Is expected that the balance of the temporary loans will be paid 'before the close of the current year, and the operation of the sinking faad resumed and continued as directed by law.
The fanded and unfunded debt of tbe State, including temporaiy loans^ on the 1 st day of December, 1855, as per reports of the Anditor General and State Treasurer, waa as follows, viz :
FO'PED DEBT.
6 per cent, loan $    616.154 35
6     do. do  33,903,445 01
4}i do. do        389,200 00
do.        do        100,000 00
lars, with the aocruing intereeta on former | drain upon the Treaaury, to eustafn a work, payments, will be paid, unerring calculation so unproductive, should at once be checked. will determine the restilt to be ai before In-I Asaleofthemainline.forafalrcousideration, dicated. Thus, before the expiration of the ¦ and upon terms Just and liberal to the pur- year 1879, Pennaylvania miy stand redeem- j ohasers, is the proper remedy. 3anb Bale, on ed from the oppression of ber publio debt, | terma amply protective ofthe rights and in and her people be released from a taxation ' terestofthepeople,oan,byproper legislation,
imposed to meet its aooruing intereat, and to maintain the faith and credit of the Com¬ monwealth. These -dews are not Utopian. By practioing strlot economy in Hi depart¬ ments of the government—avoiding ertrava- gant expenditure—refusing to undertake any new scbemea of internal improvement, and holding to a rigid acoonntability the receiv¬ ing and disbursing agents of the State, their realization may be anticipated with eonfl- denoe.
be effected. In connection with the payment of thepublic debt, this question becomes deep¬ ly important. The sale would constitute a new era in the financial history of the State, and assure a still more speedy reduction of the pnblic debt, than that to whioh reference haa been made. The subject is earnestly com¬ mended to your favorable consideration.
The snbject of banks and banking capital In ita relationa to the currency—the general interests of trade and commerce and the Indus
I must again can the attention of the Leg-j trial pnrsuits of the citizen, deaerve your islature to a subject referred to in my last < careful attention. My views expressed in a annnal message, in the following terms: ; former   communication   remain unchanged.
" By the thirty-eig-hth section of the act of | xhe incorporation of new, or the re-charter of tbe 16th of April, 1845, entitled 'An act to ' old and aolvent banks, when actually neces- provide for the ordinary expenses of Govern- I aary, and demanded by the wants of legitim.ite ment, the repair of the canals and railroads _ trade in the community where located, ahould of the State, and other claims npon the Com- ' be favored; under no other ciroamatanoes monwealth,* the Governor waa authorized to : should either be permitted. In the creation cause certificates of State stock to be issued , Qf tanks, the interests of theState and people to all persons or bodies corporate holding should be consulted, and a just disorimina- certifioates for the payment of interest n^^j^ ^g iq number, locality and the demanda on the funded  debt of  the State, whioh   ^f trade be exercised.
¦fell due on the first day of August, 1842, the fhe rapid increase of population, the impor- first days of February and August, 1843, and (ft,joe and value of our home and foreign com- the first days of February and Angust, 1844, merce, the constant developement of the ma¬ in an amount eqnal to the amount of certifi- terial wealth of the Btate, the extent of our catea ao held, upon their delivering up said manufacturing, mechanical and agricultural certificates to the Auditor General. In pur- industry, the faot that ths State is flooded by suance of the authority thus given, certifi- ^ depreciated currency introduoed by private cates of State stock tothe amonntof four hankers and brokers, might justify, underthe millions one huudred and five thousand, one restrictions and limitations indicated, a judi- httndred and fifty dollars and twenty cents, cious increase of banking capital within our bearing interest at the rate of five per cent. Commouwealth. This, whilst it wonld aid per annum, payable semi-annually, on the the operations of trade, and supply the real first days of February and Angnat in eacb basiness wants of the people, uould at the year, and redeemable on or afterthe first day game time, remedy, to some extent, the of August, 1855, were issued. The minimum evils of a depreciated foreign and illegal cur- period fixed by law for the redemption of   renoy.
these certificates, expired on the flrst day of By the act approved the 6th day of No- August, 1855. No provision haa been made vember last, the thirteenth section of the act for their renewal or redemption. of 1850, regulating banks, will be,  after tbe
" Although by the terms of the act author- first day of July next, extended to all incor- iziug these certificates of Stato stock, as algo porated saving fund, trust and insurance oom- by the conditions ofthe certificates issued in panies. That section declares "that it shall pursnance thereof, the time of payment, af- not be lawfnl for any ofthe said banks to is- ter the expiration of tbe minimum* period, U sue or pay out any bank notes other than optional wilh the debtor, the Commonwealth, those issued by itself payable on demand in yet a due regard for the credit of the State gold or silver; notes of specie paying banka requires that provision should be made for of this State whioh are t^en on deposit or in their renewal or redemption. To redeem in payment of debts, at par, at the counter of these certificates, a loan would become neces- the hank where paid ont; or notes of banks sary, and as a loan cannot be effected, in the . issued underthe authority of the act of the present financial condition of the conntry, on 14th of May, 1841, at theopUon of the person terms more favorable to theState than those   received tho same."
on which these certificates were issned, I These enactments were intended to protect would recommend that authority be given to the commnnity against the evils of a depre- i.-isuti the bonds of the Commonwealth in re- ciated currency, and pievent its introduction newal of said certificates, bearing interest at fromotherStatea. However well intended,they the rate of five per cent, per annum, payablo will fall to secure these objeots, unless made semi-annually, and redeemable on or after to embrace private bankers and others of that the expiratian of twenty years; and that the class, whose profits are largely dependant np- bonds he issued with coupons, or certificates on the introdootiou into the State of such of inlerest attached, in sums eqnalin amoun^ a currency. In many instances, the notes of to the semi-annual interest thereon, payable our own banks are collected by private bank- on the firat days of February and Angust in ers and brokers, and with these, or with the each and ev^ry year, at such places as may specie withdrawn from the banks issuing be designated. This change in the form aud them, they purchase depreciated and foreign character of the certificate, it is believed, will , bank paper, which is paid out at par at their be so advantageous to the holders, without counter. But othera, large loans arnegotiat- iucreasiug the liabilities of the Common- ed with banks out of the State, at less than wealth, as to induce a willing and prompt ' the usuaj rate of interest, and their notes, of- exi-hange, at a premium for the bonds pro- ten of a less demonination than flve dollars po.^ed to be exchanged.*' and always at  discount, bronght into the
The report of the Canal Commissioners State and pnt into circulation in the manner will be laid before you, and will exhibit in , indicated, and thia, too, under an agreement detail the condition of the pnblio works— with the bank making the loan, that the their general operation, and the receipts aud notes thna paid ont shall be kept in ciroula- expenditures for the laat fiscal year. tion.    The effect of thfs system of private
The total receipta at the Treasury, from the I bankiug has been to limit the ciroulation of public works, for the year ending November '. the par paper of onr own banka, and aubsti- 30, 1856, were $2,008,015 66, being an in- j tute in its place a foreign depreciated, and crease over the revenues of the previons ' often a worthless currency. In Justice to year, of ?63,63S 96. Of this sum $1,013,-j thebank,trustandinsnrancecompaniea,pay- 589 16 were canal and bridge tolls, and $992,- j ing a heavy annual tax to tbe Common- 426 50, tolls of Ihe Columbia and Portage ! wealth for their privileges, and for the pro- railroad. : taction ofthe people againat these evils eith-
The aggregate expenditnres for the same | er tbij provisions of the thirteenth section of year were $1,943,896 82, being an increase i the act of 1850, should be repealed, or further over tliose of the previous year, of $105,105- | extended so as to embrace private indiviuala 64, the revenues exceeding the expenditures i and associations, who may monopolize and only $62,118 84. - : control,=to the detriment of the pnblio,  this
The increase of the revenues from these   traffic in depreciated bank paper, without re¬ works would be encouraging, were it not for ¦ atraint and withont taxation, the fact that the expenditures have increased ;     The report of the Superintendent of Corn-
in a still greater proportion—the expendi tures, ordinary and extraordinary, exhaust¬ ing almost the entire revenue from this source. The system must be defective, or more care and economy should be exercised in its management.
The   receipts  at the Treasnry from the several divisions, were as follows, viz;
Main line  $1,229,212 66
Sasqneh&iiaa, K. Branch and W. Branch. i26 620 Al DelHwara        319,922 29
Total funded debt..
-$39,007,799 97
CKFCNDED DEBT.
ReUef notea In circalation S-IS.77.1 00
IntereKt certificates ooieland'g    29,1.^7 25
Domestio creditors       1,264 00
Balanc-H   of temporary  loan,
April 19, lS"i3    515,000 00
Balanca  of   temporiry   loan,
May9.1S51 -   346,000 00
Total unfunded debt      ¦¦¦>. ¦ ¦
Total debt, December 1IS55 $
1,160,194 25
11.067,991 22
The fanded and unfunded debt at the close of the last fiscal year,December 1,1S53. was as follow*, vli:—
6 per cent, loan $    511,781 00
6     do. do   33,866,994 50
4/4 do. do        383,200 00
4     do. do        100,000 00
ToUl fanded debt    ¦   - -¦¦ S39,866,975 .'Q
USFCKDED DEBT. VIZ : Belief coles in circalation....$22(I,6.'J6 00 Interest certiflcatea oulHl&nd'g   21,691 37 do. anclBlmed     4,448 33
Domestic creditors.       1,16100
Balance of temporary loan,
April I'J, 1853   400,000 00
Balance   of   temporary- loan,
May g,!^!   181.000 00
Total anfoadeddebt        634,559 73
Total dobt, December 1.16S6..
Total debt, December 1,18.'t5 ,
do. do.       1,1866 ,
..$41,067,694 22 ..  40,701,835 26
Decrease        366,153 97
It thus appears that dnring the past fiscal year the sum oi three hundred and sixty-aix thousand one hundred and fifty-eight dollars and ninety-seven cents has been paid in li- qnidation of tbe public debt. This, tafeen in connection wit*» the fact, that duriug the year ending November 30,1S55, six hundred and thirty thousand six hnndred and one dollars and two centa were paid on tho same account, exhibits the gratifying fact, that the process of reducing the public debt has com- menottd; and, unless checked by reckless mismanagement and extravagant expendi¬ ture, must continue until the people and the Commonwealth are relieved from the debt and taxation with whioh they are burdened. In addition to this reduction of the pubiic debt, large appropriations and payments were made for the completion of the Portage rail¬ road and for debts recently contracted on that work; for old and unsettled claims re¬ cently adjusisd by the commiasioners ap¬ pointed under the act of lest session; for re-laying the south track of the Columbia railroad ; for euiargiug the Delaware division of the canal, and for other purposes. These extraordiuary demands upon the Treasury have ceased, or will soon cease, with the ne¬ cessity that created them ; and thus leave a still larger portion of the revenues to b« ap- pliei in payment of tbe public debt.
A careful examination of the financial con¬ dition of the Commonwealth—^her aources of revenue and the probable future expendi¬ tures, has inspired the hope that the time is not far distant when the public debt will be fully paid, and this without increasing the subjects or ratio of taxation. It has already been shown that the revenues qf the past year exceeded the ordinary expenditures one million two hundred and sixty-five thousand ninety-five dollars and fifty-aix centa. The estimated receipts and expenditures for the current year, wbich will be presented to you in the report of the State Treasurer, shows that the excess of receipts, over ordinary ex¬ penditures, may reach the sum of one and a half million of dollara. Theae estimates, al¬ though approximations, will not be far from the true result. Allowing, then, four hun¬ dred thousand dollara for annual extraordin¬ ary expenditures—and under a wise syatem
of economy in uo probable contingency can they exceed that sum—we will have at least one million o( dollars to bs appropriated an¬ nually for the payment of the public debt.— With the rapid development of the wealth and resources of the Commonwealth—the increase of population—of the value of real estate, and of the i^notmt and value of prop¬ erty of every description, the revenues must and will continue to increase.   Thia natural and necessary increase of revenue will  sup¬ ply evary deficiency and every demand npon the Treasury that falls within the range of probability.   If, then, the sum of one million dollara be^ appropriated annuaUy in liiiuida- tion of this debt, and the accruing interest on the sums paid be applied in the manner of a sinking fond, the entire indebtedness of the Commonwealth will be extinguished in less than iwenty-three years.   If these pre¬ mises are correct—and their correctness can only be impaired by unwise  legisUtion,  or the imprudent management of our finances —the truth of the proposition ia susceplible of the clearest demonstration.   Assuming the pablio debt on the first day of Decmher 1856, to be, in round numbere, forty milUons five hundred thousand dollars, and that at (he end of-•uh fiiool year ona jBlUion dol-
Total recaipto     2,006.016 68
The extraordinary payments during the year, amounted to $808,692 15 ; ordinary expenditures, $1,135,004 00; net revenue, (excluding extraordinary payments aud for motive power) $871,011 00.
On the main line the tolls received at the Treasury fromthe Columbia road, were $991,- 676 50; expenditures $528,084 89; tolls on the Eastern division of oanal, from Columbia to the Junction, $119,718 36 ; expenditures, $53,048 50 ; receipts from the Junction to Pittsburg, including the Portage railroad, $177,778 00; ordinary expenditures, $304,- 702 22. The total receipts on the main line were $1,229,272 86; aggregate expenditures, (excluding $267,000 00 paid for re-laying the south track of the Columbia railroad, and $153,049 41 for motive power in 1855, and after December 1st 1856,) were $885,835 65, being an excess of revenue over ordinary expenditnres of $343,437 21.
Althongh the receipts from the Delaware division are less than those of the previous year, yet the general result of ita operations is satisfactory. The net revenue at the Treasury was $264,095 40. Ita management has been characterized by a degree of econo¬ my too aeldom practiced on some of the lines of our improvements.
However important this division may be to the trade and businesa of that portion of the State, its proposed enlargement should not be undertaken, unless demanded by reasons of over-ruling necessity. The experience of the past, as connected with the Allegheny Portage railroad, and the North Branch ex¬ tension, shonld warn na against undertaking, withont great caution, any new measure of improvement, which may drain the Treasury, without aiding materially, if at all, the pub' lio interests. If kept in good order by efficient and timely repairs. Its capacity will be fully equal to all the demanda of its trade and business.
The Portage railroad is not fully completed. A small additional appropriation may yet be required to complete, for the fourth time, this road. It is anxiously hoped that this unproductive improvement may soon cease its cormorant demands npon the Treasury.— Every year's experience more clearly reveals the impolicy of theState innndertaMng this work.
It givea me no ordinary pleasure to inform you that the North Branch extension of the Pennsylvania canal has been so far completed, that boats freighted with ooal and other pro¬ ducts, were successfully passed through its entire length froiu Pittston to tho Junction canal. This work was commenced in 1836 —suspended in 1841—resumed In 1849, aud finished in 1856; althongh ita completion was officially announced in 1853. It extends from Pittston to the New York State line, a dis¬ tance of about ninty-four miles, following the valley of the Susquehanna to Athens, and theiacd along the Chemung river to the State line, where it joins the "Junction canal," and is thus conneoted with the New York Im¬ provements.
The importance and value of this improve¬ ment cauuot be easily over-estimated. Paas¬ ing throngh one of the richest mineral and agricultural portions of the State, it offers to the iiQmense and valuable products of that region, a safe and cheap transit to the mar¬ keta of New York, Baltimore and Philadel¬ phia. In the completion of thia canal the difficultiea to be overcome, and the labor to be performed, were great. Both these, to a great extent, have been accomplished undsr the auperlntendency of "Wm. R. Maffet, Esq., to whom this work was assigned.
This canal although completed, and before the close of Navigation, uaed for the pnrpoae of transportation, is not perfect. SinkB in the bottom, from the nature of the formation and soils throngh which it passes, slides from the
hills, and breaches may occur, but theae, af' ter a few yeara of weE applied labor, will be dirainiahed, aud by vigiUmce and care entire¬ ly prevented.
Thia improvement, although subjeot to the rivalry of competing railroads, if kept in good condition, under proper management, will re¬ ceive its full ahare of coal and other tonnage. It ia anticipated that the revenues, for the current year, will equal, if not exceed the ex¬ penditures; and increasing with the facilities afforded, and the rapid development of trade, will, instead of its heretofore unceasing de¬ mands upon the Treasary, take precedence in revenue over any canal in the Commou wealth.
In relation to the propriety and policy of the sale of the main line of our pablic im¬ provements, my opinion haa not ohanged. Every, consideration of public policy, of prea¬ ent and fature intereat, reqoires the separa¬ tion of the State from the management and control of theae works. The expenditures on that portion of the line, between the Junction and Fittsbarg, largely exceed the revenues, the excess averaging annually not less than one hundred and fifty thousand dollars; and causes aro in constant operation that will still more inottte thli dafloiancy.   Thli oontl&nal
mon Schoola, will exhibit to yoa the number and condition of the schools—the number of teachers and scholars, aud the general opera¬ tions ofthe system during the paat year. To the valuable statistical Information of tbe report, and the useful suggeationa for tbe im¬ provement of the system, I invito your early and intelUgent consideration.
From a imall and comparatively unimpor¬ tant incident ofthe State Department, the care and management of the public schools ofthe Commonwealth, with seventeen hundred dis¬ tricts, ten thoMand directora, twelve thou¬ sand teachers, and over five hundred thou¬ sand scholars, have become the most impor¬ tant and laboroui branth of the Department. The increased and increasing basiness of the syatem has been met by a correspondent in¬ crease of zeal, labor and efficiency in the of¬ ficers to whom the law has committad its general direotion and supervision. They should be sustained by wise and generous legislation. The magnitude and importance of the system, in Ita political, Boolal and moral relations to the present and future ofthe people, require that this should be done. The guardianship of the miud of ths State should occupy a distinct and prom¬ inent plaoe among the noble institntions of the Commonwealth. It should, receive the efficient aid and encouragement of th* gov¬ emment, and be sustained by a virtuous and Intelligent people. If the revenue and treasu¬ res of the State—her pablio improvement— her lands and their titles, require aud deserve the marked and disttnottre care of the gov¬ ernment, how much more ahould her mental and intelleotual treasures, richer than gold— the looial and moral improvement of her people, more valuable than oanala. and rail¬ way—the tltlea of her youth tothe boundless fields of knowledge higher than any of earth or aught growing out of ita ownership, claim an honorable position, and receive a oare and aid commenaurate with their greater value and usefulneas.
The County Superintendenoy, wherever It has been committed to faithful and efficient men, has fully vindicated the wisdom and policy of that measure. It ia slowly, but surely removing the prejudices and gaining the confidence of the people. Whatever de¬ fects time aud experience may develope, in thia or any other branch of the system, ahould be promptly corrected. But until the neces¬ sity for change is .established, the system, in its unity and integrity, should be maintain¬ ed ; and if changed, ohanged only to render more certain the accompliahment of its noble purpoaea and objects.
A sufficient nnmber of competent well train¬ ed teachers is the great want of the system. In its structure and organisation it ia aa perfect if not more so, than any of the syatema of our sister States. But the teacher is wanted to give it proper vitality and effioienoy—to develope its true force and value—to secure the great objeot of its creation, the thorough education ofthe youth of the Commonwealth. How can this want be supplied ? How are teachers to be trained and provided to meet this educational demand? Must we be de¬ pendent upon the training schoola of other Statea f Must our system be jeoparded, and its success .perilled, by waiting the alow and unaided efforts of voluntary aasoclationa to furnish the much needed teacher? Volun¬ tary asaociations of common school teachers have acoompliahed much in their disinterest¬ ed and noble efforta to remedy this defect. They are worthy the highest commendation— they deservaevery encouragement. They oan and will do more; but un^ded they cannot ac¬ complish the object desired. The Legislature mnst provide the remedy—they oan aupply the deficiency. It ahould be done promptly and effectually. No subjeot ofgreater intereat oan occupy your attention as legislators—no one appeals more earnestly to duty and patri¬ otism.
In a former communication to the Legisla¬ ture the establishment of State Normal schools, for the education of teachers, was urged as Indispensably necessary to the per¬ fection of the aystem. With full confidence in their utility and neoessity, I again recom¬ mend tbem. These institutioaa, with their proper professora, and appliances, snpported by the State, would meet the wanta and ele¬ vate the character of our common schools.
Teachers' Inatitates, as auxiliary to Normal Sohools, wben in operation, and aupplying their place till eatabliahed, should be aided by the State. One snch Institnte in each county, meeting annuaUy, under the foster¬ ing oare of the government, would bo pro¬ ductive of most beneficial results. Whilst it would improve teachers and prepare them for their important and responsible duties, it would elevate aud dignify, a profession too long neglected and under-valued by those most deeply interested in their honorable la bors. These measures, as also in addition to the annual State appropriation for common schools, in an amount limited only by the necessities of the Treasury, would give ener¬ gy to the syatem—increase Its efficiency—and thus promote the true interests of the people and the Commonwealth.
Our educational, charitable and reforma¬ tory inatitutiona have strong claima upon the bounty of the people, and I cordially commend them to your care and liberality. The State Lunatic Asylum at Harrisburg, and the Westem Pennsylvania Hospital for the insane, and other Idndred purposes at Pittsburg, are noble oharitiea, and deaerve
the aid and encouragement ot the State.	
Tht umnal reporta of these instUations will
be laid before yoa, and will exhibit, In detail, their operations daring tbe past year.
The House of Refnge in Philadelphia, and the WMrttHrn Honse of Refage near Pittsburg, are in3titutif>n:) of great exoellence, and their re^fults olearly ostahlish the wisdom of the policy that fonuded and sustains them.— Thny ought not to be neglected ; nor should the aid of the Commonwealth b*» held from thetn.
The •' Blind" aud the " Deaf and Dumb Asylums" at Philadelphia; and "the Penn¬ aylvania Tiaining School for Idiotic and fee¬ ble tuiuded children," are institution.^ that appeal, In silence and -Jorrow, to the best and purest feelings of the heart, and a«k your sympathy and aid. They sbonld receive a generons share of the benefactitms of the State.
Agriculture, iu its varied departments, is tho great interest of the Commonwealth.— It is the basis alifca of tha financial and com¬ mercial succeaa, and of State and national prosperity. An interest ao important shonld be fostered by tho SUte, aud honored by all classes of sooiety. To its promotion and suc¬ cess all should cheerfully contribnte. In a former communication I recommended the establishment of au Agricultural bureau, in connection with eome one of the State De¬ partments, to give efficiency to the collection and diffusion of useful knowledge on this snbject, and to encourage scientific and prac¬ tical agriculture. Science, aud wonderous energy, has aided the husbandman in his honorable vocation, and proffers still more help. The State ahould nerve his arm aud cheer him onward in this, the first and no¬ blest pursuit of mau. This subject. In con¬ nection with an appropriation to tho " Farm¬ ers High School of Pennsylvania"—an in¬ stitution destined to be an honor to the Commonwealth—is recommended to your fa¬ vorable consideration.
The "Polytechnic College of Pennsylva¬ nia," eatablished by the enterprise and liber¬ ality of aome of tho patriotic citizens of Phil¬ adelphia, aa a sohool of the applied aoiencea, deservea honorable mention, and should re¬ ceive the confidence and patronage of the pnh¬ lic. In the teaohinga of this institution, liter¬ ature, acience and art, in happy union, meet to prepare our young men for the practical basiness of life, for mining, mechanical and civil engineering, and for promoting intelli¬ gently aud efficiently the great intereat of manafactaring and agricultural industry.
The laws on the statute book regulating manufacturing aud improvement companies require revision. They are uii necessarily stringent in many of their provisions, and thua defeat tho object of their enactment. They drive capital from tbe State, instead of inviting its investment here ; and inatead of encouraging individual and associated enter¬ prise aud energy in the development of onr immense natural resources, they bind aud crush both hy severe restrictions—unwise limitations and personal liabilities. The sub¬ ject deaervea careful attention and Uberal legislation.
I have so frequently expressed my views in relation to local, special and " omnibus" leg¬ islation, that their reiteration now becomes unnecessary. Legislation, so far as practica¬ ble, should be general aud uniform. Local and special legislation, wben the objeot de¬ sired can be secured by general laws, or by tbe aotion of the courts, should be avoided. " Omnibus legislation" cannot, under any circumstances, be justified or approved. Too mueh legislation is an evil that prevails exten¬ sively in legislative halla. Its avoidance would uot be injurious to public or private interestti.
The practice of delaying the passage of the general appropriation bill until the last days of the aession, and incorporating in it provi¬ sions Incompatible with its general charac¬ ter, and obnoxious, when standing alone, to insnrmcuntable objectiona, is highly censur able and should be discontinued. The at tempt thus made to force, by a species of legislative legerdemain, the passage of objec¬ tionable m«asarti3 through the Legislature, and compel their sanction by the Executive, has been too often successful. The practice cannot be too atrongly condemned; it cannot receive my sanction.
The militia law of the State is imperfect in many of ita provisions, and should be revised. The powera and duties of the Commander-in- Chief should be more clearly defined ; as also of the other officers connected with the mili¬ tary organization of the Commonwealth. This ia necessary to preventaoonflictof juris diction with Other departments of the govern¬ ment, and to give greater efficiency to our military system. Volunteer companieashould be encouraged; our entire miUtary system ahould be remodeled, and made to occupy that honorable position which from ita im¬ portance and necessity it deserves.
Near the close of the last session of ttte Legislature, I transmitted to that body an ordinance passed by the select and common councils of the city of Philadelphia, approv¬ ed by the Mayor on the 7th of AprU, 1856, and officially communicated to me, proposing to convey to the Commonwealth of Pennsyl¬ vania a lot of grouud iu that city, for the purpose of erecting thereon a State arsenal. Want of time alone prevented action on the proposition then aubmitted. The ground thus offered to the State is valuable, and its location most eligible for the purpose intend¬ ed. The conditions of the proposed grant are favorable to the State, and highly credita¬ ble to the municipal authorities of Philadel¬ phia, evincing a liberality and public spirit worthy of all commendation. The neceasity of a State arsenal in that oity is ao apparent that tbe subject needs no elaboration in this communication. After the sale of the State arsenal iu Fhiladelphia, the pubUo arma were deposited in au old building, or out house, unsafe and unfit as a depository for publio property. The sum of $30,000, realized from that sale, ia now in the Treasary; and by the fifty-fifth section of an act pasaed the 19th day of April, A. D, "1853, entitled "An Aot to provide for tbe ordinary expenses of govemment," &c., the Govemor waa authori¬ zed to apply the same to the purchaae of a lot of ground and to the erection of an arse¬ nal thereon. This sum was found insufficient for these purposes, and consequently tho ob¬ ject intended by the appropriation baa not been accompUshed. By the cession of this lot, the State wiU be relieved from the ex¬ penditure of auy money for the purchaae of ' suitable gronuds ; and the entire sum of $30,000 may be appUed to the erection of the necessary buildings; to whioh sum oan be added, if deemed advisable, the amouut that may be realized from the aale of the arsenals at Ueadville aud Harriaburg, as recommend¬ ed in my last annual message. These sama wonld be amply sufficient to accomplish this objeot.
X iTOuId, therefore, again reoommeDd the imme¬ diata passage of a bill accepting tbe conveyance ofthe said lot of ground from thecity of Philadel. phia, for tbe ptirpoBea and upon tbe terms and con¬ ditions cont&iaed In the ordinanae ; and that tbe sum of $30,000 be appropriated for tba erection of a Btate arsenal thereon.
On the 6th day of October, 1855,1 approved and signed a bill, entitled, "An'Aot to Bepeal the Charter of the Erie aod North East Railroad Com¬ pany, and to provide for the disposal of the same." In parfluanoe ofita provisions, Hon. Jowph Casey was appointed to take poscession and have the charge and custody of the road. Before possession was taken, application wag made by tbe company, to one of the Judges of tha Supreme Court of Fenn- aytvaoift, for an iojanetion tc restrain the agent of tbe State from'takingpossession; and subsequent¬ ly a oantiouary order was made by tfae Supreme Court, in bane, to stay prooeedings nnder the aot. Tbe qneations then pendiiig before that Court were determined in favor of the Commonwealth—the coQstitationality of the act snatained, and the ap- plication for an injunotion refused. Fcssessiob of tbe road was then taken by tbe ugetiL ul tUe State, as directed bylaw.
-On the 33d day of April, 18S6, an act, entitled, " An Aot supplementary to the act icoorporatiDg the Erie and North East Railroad Gompaoy,*' was passed, fiy thit act, the Erie and North East. Railroad, as originally located and aoactrnotad, was legalised and confirmed.; and certain changes in the road were direoted to be made, and other aots to be don* by the oompany. It was also pro¬ vided *' Thst the Govenor shall retwn poasession of the Erie aud North East Railroad, under the act of the 6th of Ootober, 1S&5, until the provi¬ sions of this act shall have been aooepted by a vot« of the Btookholders of tbe Erie and North East Bailroad Company, at a meetiog called for tbe purpose." On the fifteenth day of May, 1856, at a meeting of the stockholders called for tfae pur¬ pose, tbe provisions of the aot were acoepted by thtir vote. This acceptance, dnty certified, was received and filed in their Department, on the Ifith cf July last. Fossesaion of the road bas been re. ftored, and tt is now under tfae e&re aud manage, meet of tbe company. A final account for the money reoeived from tfae road, wbilst in poseession of tbe 6tat«, will be settled by the company at the earliest practicable period.
It if bat proper to state tbat sitice the accep¬ tance of tbe act of tbe 22nd of Aprit. 1856, a writ of error, in tfae cases adjudicated by ths Supreme Court orFennsylvania, haslieen issued at tbe suit ofthe oompany by the Supreme Court of the Unt- ted States, and b now pending in tbat court.
The oommtseioner first appointed having resign ed, A. E. M'Clure, Esq., was appointed in faia place. The duties of both ofiicers were ably and faithfully performed. Copies of their oorroapon- dence and reports, herewith submitted to the Houee of Representatives, for tfae use of tbe Le¬ gislature, will famish information in detail on the subject now under oonsideration. It is sincerely desired tfaat good faith and honesty of purpose may characterize the conduct of this company in tfae discharge oftb* duties asanmed by their acceptance ofthe aot of 32d ofApril last, and that this much vexed question will not again disturb tfae faarmoay or ratani tbe prosperity of tbe city of Erie, or any other portion of tfais Gommonwealtfa.
Tfae reeatution proposing amendments to tbe Con¬ stitntion of tfae CommonweaUb. have been pub¬ lished at directed by that tnetrametit. It wilt be yoor dnty to take such action in reference of theee amendments as will, in yoor jadgment, be most oonristant with the wisfaes of the peopl*. An ap¬ propriation WiU be r*qair»d to pay tht •xpenni of
thelrpublioation.and totMfyour*arlIe3tatteotioDl tish fe<»der«. It fs a fact, pretty generally is requested ! . ...
The Important duty of districting the Stat*, for ; '^^"^n w« presume, that a vigorona progeny tfae election of Senators nnd RepresfntHtiveii, will , is uaually obtained as the result of a cross of devolw upon you Thu duty -halj be performed j ^wo diatinct breeds. This fact or law is the faithfnllv, nnd with mnot reference to the interests
and rights of the wbole fieople Retumu of tam foundation aud explanation of the practice bles, rt-quired to be made by the different oounties Just named. Another reault of thn crossing have not all been forwarded lo   this   Department,      * ,       j    •     n    .  .i       «¦      • -ii„
ni by law direoted. Circulars bave been wsoed to ^' ^^^^^^ '«' '^»' ^^^» offspring are generally tbe ufBoers charged with these duties, urging the precocious, with a tendency to an increase of speedy performance and th* returns will, m soon . gi„^ To seoure this result with the greatest received, be transmitted (a yoa. !, r^,.. j.v.        ^.*
The elective franchise is tfao highest and most degree of certainty, aad to the utmost extent, retiponsible pririlege enjoyed by the American citi¬ zen. Involving in its exercise the sovereignty of tbe people, and oonytituMng, as it does, tbe sub- titratuin of our free iostitutions, it oannot be too highly appreciated or carefuDy guarded. The ballot-box, through which the people speak their will, shoald be pretiierved from violation at every hazard and sacrifice. Upon its parity and integ¬ rity, depend tfae existence of our Bepablioan gor- ernment, and the rights and privileges of tfae cit¬ izen. Every legal voter, whatever miy b* his politioal affinities or party predilections, is deeply mterested in tbi» question. Any attempt to salty its parity, or impair it." efficiency, whether by vio¬ lence or fraud, should be sternly resisted and se verety paniahed. Illegal voting, whether founded on forgery or peijury, or both—on false aseess* ments, or false and forged certificates of naturall- tatiou,—is an evil that deserves the severest con¬ demnation. It prevents an honest expression of tbe popalar will, corrapts the noarces of legitimate power and influenoe, and strikes a fatal blow at the ohertsfaed rights of freemen. These evils are alleged to exist in oar large cities—the rural dis¬ tricts of the State are comparatively free from sucb corrupting abUBes- A remedy, co-extensive with tbe evil, shoald be provided. Every defenoe should be thrown arottnd tbe ballct-box, and whilst tfae rights of legal voters should b* seeared and protected, fraud la every form ihoald be pre¬ vented and panished. Whether a jadicious regis¬ try law, or some other measure of reform, adequate to tfae neoessities of thfi case, ehould be adopted, is referred to the wisdom of the Legielatore.
As appropriate to tfae sabject, the inform of the 'naturalization lawa—the prevention by the Na¬ tional Government, of th* importation of foreign criminals and paupers, and a more careful, rigid personal examination, by oar ooarta, ofall persons coming before tbem oa applicants for admiseion to the rights of citizenship, woald, to some extent, correct existing abases, and relieve the ballot-box frum the pressure of corrupting and dangerous in¬ fluences.
To tbe policy and acts of the National Govern¬ ment, affecting as tfaey do, the rights and interests of tbe Commonwealth, the people of the State cannot fao indifferent.   Pennsylvania, occupying a
high and oonservative position in the sisterhood of
States—devoted to the Constitution and the Union,
in their integrity and harmony, has been, and will
ever be, as ready to reoogniee  tfae rights of faer
sister States as to defend her own.   These senti¬ ments she never abandoned—these prinoiples she
has never violated.   Pledged to the maintenance
of the rights ofthe North, as well as those of the
South—sincerely desirous  to promote tfae peaoe,
faarmoay and welfare of our whole oountry—and
disclaiming alt intention or desire to interfere with
the Constitutional rights  of  the  States, or their
domestio institutions—tfae people of the Common¬ wealth riewea with  alarm and  apprehension tbe
repeal of tfae Missouri Compromise—acompromiee
rendered saored witfa tfae great cause of national
harmony and anion—regarding it as a palpable
violation of the plighted  faith  and honor of the
nation, and as an no warrantable attempt to extend
tbe institution of domestic slavery to tfae territo¬ ries then free.   This reckless and indefensible act
of our National   Congress,  has not only aroaeed
sectional jealousies and renewed tbe agitation of
vexed and distracting questions, bat, na a conse¬ quence, it baa filled  Kansas with fraud, violenee
and strife—has stained ita soil with blood, and by
a system of territorial legislation, justly styled
"tnrn.nini14 "  httM     TnnrlA    fromilnm    nf   nnaonh  anil    nF
it is the usual practice to select a male hav¬ ing the peculiar properties of early maturity, and the deposition to accumulate fleah and fat rapidly. Size ia alse a quality which Is regarded ; bnt onght to be, always, deemed of less importance that a hereditary tendency to obesity, precocity, and superior quality of flesh. As the Shorthorns possess these qua¬ lities in an eminent degree, this breed is al¬ moat invariably reaorted to for a male for orosaing femalea of otber breeds. Where the rearing of cattle Is followed mainly with the view of obtaining stock for the production of beef, the practice in many districts is to uae a pure bred male of the Short-horn breed, with a female of the breed peculiar to or pre¬ valent In the particular district. This system of crossing Is gradually extending over the whole of Qreat Britain and Ireland. This class of cattle is rapidly extending in moat of the northern countries of England, where the breeding of cattle ia practiced to any great extent. The dairies in London, also, are mostly supplied with cowa ao bred.
In both of these reapects we might follow the practice of our British brethren, with good prospect of similar resalts. For here, as there, the Short-horn breed is peculiarly char¬ acterised by a tendency to early maturity and to a great accumulation of fat. Thia breed is also posaeaaed of valuable qualities aa dairy atock, tbough their lactative capacity for lay¬ ing on fat and flesh.
he was apprenticed to a trade.
TIN   AND    COPPER   SMITH
WlNTBD.—For farther parllcolarstddrtu " Box ~   ¦ *~      " J«n7-3^6
infamous," has made freedom of speech and of the presa a felony, and periled tfae great prinoiples of liberty and equal rights. If the doctrine of "popalar aovereignty'* h in good faith to be applied to tbat Territory—if tbe people thereof are to be left "perfectly free to form and regulate their do¬ mestic institutions In their own way, subject ouly to tfae Constitution of tfae United States," tben the obstruction of tfae great National bighfvays to the northern emigrant—tbe employment of the National forces, and tfae sabversion of taw and justice alike by tbe officials iu Kansas and Wash¬ ington, to force slavery upon an unwilling people, cannot be too severely condemned.
Freedom ia the great centre-truth of Amerioan Republicanism—the great Jaw of Amerioan Na¬ tionality ; slavery is the exception. It is local and sectional: and ita extension beyond the juris diction creating it, or to the free territories of the Union, was never designed or contemplated by the patriot founders of tbe Repnblio. In accordance with tbese sentiments, Pennsylvania, true to tfae prinoiplei of the aot of 1780, which obolished slavery within her territorial limits—true to the great doctrines of tbe Ordinance of 1787, wbich dedicated to freedom the north-western territory of tfae Union—true to National faith and National honor, asks and expects, as due to her own oiti- xens who faave, in good faith, settled In the terri¬ tory ol' Kansas, and as due to tfae industry and energy of a free people, tfaat KanJJvs should be free.       . 1-4'
In this connection, and as oonsequdot upon the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, reference toa proposition mad* by some of the leading southern journals, and more recently aaoctloned by high of¬ ficial authority in a sister State, to re open tfae African alave trade, will not be deemed Improper. Tfaat sacfa a traffic, declared to be piracy, and ex¬ ecrated by tfae oiviliied world—so crowded with horrors in every stage of its pursuit—so revolting to every sentiment of humanity—every impuls* of pure and noble feeling, should be advocated or ap¬ proved, in this cinteenth century, with apparent sincerity, and urged as a measnre of politioal eoon- omy and of justice and equality to the soathern Statea ofthe Unian, are facts that find tbeir only explanation and apology in a wild enthusiasm, or a still wilder fanaticism tfaat orerwfaeltas alike the reason and tfae conscience. The wisdom and hu¬ manity of a proposition so startling and monstrona, must seek their parallel and Illuatratiou in the dungeona of tfae Inquisition, or in tbe hold of the slave ship, amid the horrors ofthe '* middle pas¬ sage." Equally reputsiv* to the intelligent and virtuous sentiment of tbe south as well as tbe north it should receive the indignant rebuke of every friend of justice and humanity. The history of the world and of crime does not reveal a traffic more inhaman—an attrocity more horrible. Against a proposition so abhorent, and against tfae principlea it involves, as the representatives ofa free people, and tbeir name you should enter'tbeir unanimous and empbatio protest.
The anion of tfae States, which couatitates us one people, should be dear to yoa—to every Amer¬ ican citizen. In the heat and excitement of polit¬ ical contests—in tfae whirl of sectional and oonflio. ting interests—amid the surging of hum^m pass- sions, harsh and discordant voices may be heard, threatening its integrity and denouncing ita doom; but in the calm, " aober, second thoaght" of a patriotic aud rirtuous people, will be found ita se¬ curity and defence Founded in wisdom, and cber- iibed by tbe intense affeotion of pare and devoted patriotism, it will stand, safe and nndiaturbed, amid the insane rage of politioal demagogiam, and tfae fitful howling of frantic fanaticism; and when it falls—if fall it must—it wilt be wfaen liberty and truth, patriotism and virtue, have perished. Penu. sylvania tolerates no sentiment of disunion—she knows not the word. Disunion ! " 'tia an after thought—a monstrous wish—unborn till virtue dies." The Unioo and the Conatitution—ihe safe¬ guard and bond of American Nationality—will be revered and defended by every Amerioou Freeman who cherishes tbe prinoiplea and honors tbe mem¬ ory ofthe Uluatrioua founders ofthe Bepublic,
Recognizing oar responsibility to Him who con¬ trols the destinies of nations andof men ; and invo- king hia blessing on your deliberations, may order and harmony cbarooterize your sesaionp, and with sinfile reference, to tfae publio good, may your legislative action, in ita character and results, pro¬ mote the happiness and welfare of the people, and the honor and prosperity ofthe Commonwealth. JAMES POLLOCK.
EXECCTIVB CHAHSaR, 1
Harrisburg, January 7, 1857.     ]
Cookery as an Art. A great and muoh complained of diiBculty with housekeepers at the present day is the want of skill among hired cooks. As a rule, those offering for domestio service know very little about tbe culinary art, and it can hardly be expected that the youthful mistress of a family will be a proficient in a business re¬ quiring incessant and long continued practice. Now we do not see why tha profession of a cook should not be studied, like other scientific profeaaions, by well educated persons. Brew¬ ing and distilling aresaperintendedby men acquainted with the principles of chemistry ; why should not the same attainmenta be in requisition for the preparation of solid suste¬ nance ? The best works on cookery have been written by medical men ; why is the re¬ ducing of theirtheorias to practice left to the utterly ignorant, and to the stupidity that al¬ ways accompanies ignorance ? Let us look at some opinions ou the subject entitled to def¬ erence.
Liebig, in his work on " Tbe Chemistry of Food," says:—"Among all the arts known to man, there is none that enjoys a juater ap¬ preciation, and the products of which are more aniveraally admired, than that concern¬ ed in the preparation of our food. Led by an Instinct whioh has almost reaohed the dignity of conscious knowledge, and by the sense of taste which protects health, the esperienced oook, with respect to the choice, admixture, and preparation of food, ha smade acquisitions surpassing all that chemical and physiologi¬ cal science has done in regard to the doctrine or theory of nutrition."
"I do not yet despair," says another wri¬ ter, " of seeing the day when the culinary science, like others, will havs Its qualifled professors." "Theartof cookery, " another observes, "Is the analrptJo part ofthe art of Physic. " Dr. Mandeville aaya, " Physicians should be good cooks, at least in theory.
Dr. Arbuthnot aays—"The choice and mea¬ sure of the materials of which our body is composed—of what wa take daily hy pounds, is at least of as much importance as what we take seldom and only by grains and spoon- fuUs. " Count Rnmford remarks—*' In what art or science could improvments be made that would more powerfully contribute to increase the comforts and enjoyments of man¬ kind ?" A quaint writer aays truly—" The stomach is every man's master "; aud Arm¬ strong attributes to the good cook the useful knowledge;—
Ho aoon quit ' A a flrst master, then a second, then a third- ! j^- Moui.iJ<.7 Pa,t Offlce. Pa. In eighteen months, he had tired out the pa- ' tience of twelve- different employers. The death of his father did not put a stop to his bad behavior. It only gave him a better op¬ portunity to deceive his mother. " I mean to ba a good boy," said he, to the poor woman. "Apprentice me to a lock-smith, and you shall see." The mether made one more effort and found a master lock-amith, willing to take her boy. Henri was now nearly eleven yeara old and might have been supposed more reasonable, not a bit. In lesa than two montha he again disappeared, and nobody knew what had beoome of him. The aearch of hia mother had leen quite useless, when, about a fortnight ago, a neighbor came and Informed her that he had jnst seen a lad> whom he thonght her pon, in the midst of a troupe of mountebanks, at one of thecity bar¬ riers. The mother ran to this barrier, and there, rigged out in a pair of apangled draw- era and a red vest, she aaw her boy, standing on his head on the end of a pole. The wo¬ man imprudently shook her fist at the run* away, who immediately disappeared behind the curtain, and when iiia mother made her way to theehief-raountebaukaud claimed the yonng scamp, he waa not to be found. He had made off in his circua costume.
It ia upon the bench of the correctional tri¬ bunal that the mother now finds her aon, ar' rested as a vagabond ; and it is in presence of the court that she relataa, like a female Homor, bis Odyssey. Being entirely out of patience nhe informed the tribunal that she did not wish to reclaim him ; but, upon the solicitation of the magistrate, who told her that a child of eleven years shoald not be thus abandoned to hia fate, ahe conaentedto receive him; at tbe eame time declaring that she did not know what trick he would play her next- She 13 certainly to be pitied.
¦¦ Uow Ivest the fickle fabric to iiapporl or mortal man; ia haallhfol body, how A. bealthfal mind tho longest to malnlalo."
To prevent diseases is aurely better than to cure them. The French enjoy a happy equilibrium of spirits more conatantly thau auy other nation ; Dr. Kitchner saya it is be¬ cause "their elastic atomacha, unimpaired by any spirituous liquors, digest vigorously the food they render easily assimilable by cook¬ ing it auffioiently; doing half the work of di¬ gestion by flre and water.''
" The tender momelH on the p&lata melt. And all the force of cookery U felt."
The cardioal virtues of cookery aro Cleanli¬ ness, Frugality, Nourishment and Palateable-
The Best Cattle for Slaughtering.
The rearing of cattle for the beef-market will certainly call into requisition a larger amount of scientific and experimental know¬ ledge, when the consumers and venders of beef shall have made the discovery, more generally than at present, that tha beef of certain breeds, and atiU more, of certain modes of feeding, is greatly superior to that otherwise produced. When a proper distinc¬ tion of this shall be more generally made there will be a call for superiorly fed ani¬ mals, which will attract more attention and greater numbera to that department of agri¬ cultural skill and labor.
To those who are at preaent  engaged in the rusing cattle for the market, or in the production of the best quality of beef, it may ba both Interesting and instruotive  to be informed as to tbe principles and prao- tices of those who have been the  longest employed in   this department of  business, and who have brought to ita pursuit all the resources or helps to be found in physiologyt chemistry, the analysis of food, &o., together with the facts accumulated daring along ex¬ perience.   That the business of rearing and feeding of uiimala for the production of bee^ and other kinds of meat has heen pursued during a longer series of yeara, and has re¬ ceived much attention in Great Britain, than it haa, as yet, in this country, will be at once acknowledged and admitted.   From the best experience of those in ihat coantry, who are themost sucoessfal.in this department of busineaa, there are few in this country^ we preaume, but might gather many nseful hints and items of information.   Wo have, aocor- dingly, been induced to aeleot a few snch hints and   items from   recently published esaaya and disonssion, giving the results of tha experience of those who have been most skillful and most aucoeaafal, in the business referred to, on the other side of the Atlantic. To obtain atock best fitted for feeding, or for the laying on of fat and fleah and early maturity, breeding by orosaing distinct or allied brMdi U maoh iMorted to AmoogBri-
A Precocious Youth.
If the life of Master Henri Eerthier con¬ tinues to be as eventful as hitherto, hia bi¬ ographer will, one of theae daya, have his handa full—thongh it is not difficult to tell what the burden of the story will be. At 6 years of age, this Wandering Jew in embryo, took his first start, left his mother, in Paris, and went off to an aunt residing in the ooun¬ try, fifteen leagues distant- The aunt great* ly surprised at the arrival of the young trav¬ eller, tremblingly interrogatad him, fearing to hear of a misfortune. Instead of one, the young adventurer announced two to her. Without the slightest hesitation he informed the good women that his father and mother had jnst been burnt up in a fire whioh had also consumed aU they possessed in the world. At this terrible news, the afflioted aunt pnt on moamtng for her sister, dressed the poor orphan in black from head to foot, and, with¬ out further inquiries, adopted him aa her owu son.
During the flrst months of his new life, Henri troubled himself but little r*?Rpecting the future. AU tho aummer and fall he prof¬ ited by the exercise of unlimited liberty. When winter came his aunt talked of send¬ ing him to school, 'fhe boy pretended to sub¬ mit with a good grace, and waa aent to a neighboring institution. In ten days he dis¬ appeared, retamed to Paris, and knocked at his mother's door I
"Qood heavens!" cried the astonished wo¬ man, weeping with joy. "Where do yon come from ? I thoaght you were dead and buried I"
"No, mother; I come from Aunt Cathar¬ ine's."
"And why hasn't she written to me that you were with her ?" "She couldn't mother.   She's dead !" "Deadl   My poor sister dead!   And her husband and chtldrsa f"
"They're all dead," answered the yonng scamp.   "All burnt up in their houae!"
"How came yoa to eacape?" asked the mother.
"Oh t I was at school, at the time; but, aa they were aUdead, the master sent me away." Thauks to the frightful liea of thia repro¬ bate of seven years, here were the two alatera and their entire families, dead to each other. Notwithstanding Henri's mother wrote tothe conntry for the particulara of the catastrophe auppoaed to have taken plaoe, and, in three days, she received a letter from Catharine, which overwhelmed her with joy and aston¬ ishment. The two sisters, thna resuscitated, wrote again and again to eaoh other, and fi¬ nally sncceeded in untangling the mass of Ues invented by the raacaUy child.
Daring tho succeeding two yeara master Henri had time to reat, after hia double ex¬ ploit, and contented himaelf with getting ex¬ pelled from all the schools in the quarter of the city In whioh his parents Uved. At nine yMn Qt Age, aa he woall Imhi nothing «1M|
Gymnasiums in Schools.
Our conntry Is a great and glorious one unquestionably, and we would be among tha foremost to defend it from any attack of pub. lie or private slander. Bat "smart" as Brother Jonathan is, he does not yet know all. "Educate" ia, aa it should be, his pop¬ ular watchword, but he haa yet to learn that the whole of education does not consist in cramming the mind at the total expense of the body; and that this fallacious inter¬ pretation of its signification is what has be¬ gotten sttch a wild and unhealthy brood of isms as has sprung up all around us, to the infinite terror of primitive fogiea and other rational folks. Now the way to quash this fungous growth of abominationa, is to give to the rising generations a physical as well aa a mental education. Youth cannot mature to healthy, vigorous manhood, unleas his phyaical powers keep pace with those of hia mind ; and from a aound and healthy body no diseased and mad orotchets can spring.
In the old countries the importance of physical edacation is better understood. If common schools are not ao numerous abroad as with ua, they are better organized in this respect than oura, the needs of the growing body are better nnderstood, and more respect¬ ed. In Great Britain a aystem of gymnastic exercises ia introduced as a matter of daily routine, in all the schools for girls as well aa boya. Throughout Germany and its contin¬ gent provinces, the practice of gymnastics, aa a necessary achool exercise, Is even more univeraal and more thoroughly organized.
From a latter to the Tribune on the "Swe¬ dish School System," we see that Sweden is not behindhand in thia reaped. Gymnastic exercises form an important part of the daily achool routine.    The correspondent says :
•'Every achool-bnilding has its large, high room, with earthen or matted floor, aud all sorts of implements for developing the mus¬ cles—ladders, poles, wooden-horses, cross¬ bars up to the roofj jumping-places, ropes' for swinging, knotted ropes for climbing, &o The scholars are not allowed to exercise on what they wish, but there is a regular, acieutifioally-arranged system. They are trained in squads, and move and march, sometimes to masic, at the word of com¬ mand."
And in describing a large public achool io Stockholm, when the lads were at their noon lesson at gymnastics, he adds :
" The teacher gave the words, and a dozen sprang out toward a tall pole with cross bars, and clambering up it, each hung with his legs, then at the word all together dropped their heada backward aud hung by the feet and ankles, then agaiu recovered themselves and let themselvea down. Another party, one after the other, squirmed np a naked maat; another pulled themaelves up hand over hand on a knotted rope ; others, iu succession, played leap frog over a wooden horse; then they marched to the best of the drum. The smaller or weaker boya be¬ gin with the lowest grade of exercise, and follow up, according to a scientific aystem, arranged for wealth. They all seemed to go Into it with the greatest relish, and show¬ ed welltrained muscular power. I could not but conclude that the superior physique of the Swedish men is not entirely due to climate. When will America learn that health and strength have their unescape- able lawa."
The writer further states that this gymnas¬ tic .system is a regular medical one in Swe¬ den. Dr. Ling haa an elaborate treatise on it. Gymnastic exercise Is muck nsed for nervous, bUious and dyspeptic disorders, both among men aud women, the most intelligent people having great confidence in it.
The Conestogo Steam Hill.
THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Sloakfaoiderii of tbe Coceatogo Steam MUla (Ko. 1 Mill) will bB Leld at the offlce of tbe Company, In the cirr of Lancaster, on THORSDAY, the Ifitb day of Jan- uarr, I8.'j7. al 2 o'clock, P. H., for the parpoae of elecl- Idr nine Dlrector^ Troannrer and Sacretary. to serve for Ibe ensnlnft year. W.M. L. Qltt,
La»CMt«r,Jantiary7-5t-6 _ Trflwarer.
NOTICE. LANCASTER GAS OFFICE,    \ Janoaby 5, 1857. }
THAT t'roni and after the 25th of* De- cembftr, iS.'/ti, the price of Gas willbe atthe rate of 8^1.7 ' per IPOO cnhic (eet. Ten per cent, dlscoont will be made uo evury bill paid ut the GojDpaoy'B Offlce within C dayn After presflnlatloti.
To the conioineni who pay their blllu vrlthln 6 daya after they ara randared, the prico will under IhiB atran- gflinentbe atthe rate of $3,37^^ for every 1000 cubic fa«t. GEO. K. REED,
Jan 7-3l-g   Treaaarer.
NOTICE.
liAyCASTKB Ga.1 OPFtCH,       \
January 5, 1857. J
THE Directors of the Lancaster (raa Compsiiy bftve this day declared a dlrldeudof one dollar per 'hare, pfiyablg at Ibeir office on aad after the l2th of JsaoMTT, lBl>^¦
OEO. E. REKD, Jan "-3I-6 Troiuinrer.
DIVIDEND.
THE Inland  Insurance   aud   Deposit Company has declared a dividend of li per cant, payable on demand. R  F. RAUCH,
Jaa 7-31-6 ,_   Tr»aanrer,
Tumpilce Dividefld.
THE  President  and  JIanagers of the Lancaster, Eliubtstbtown and Middletown Tarn¬ pike Compuny. have declared a dividend of onn dollar on each iihiire of stock, p&yabla after (he *)th inst. J. M. LONG, Treaanrer. Laocaster, Jannary .1.1857. jan 7-Jt-6
DIVIDEND.
THE President and Mana;;ers of the Uanor Tornplke Road Co.. hava declared a divi¬ dend uf Two DoUard par ubare, fur the paxi xix tnunth<>, payable on and after Jannary 5th.
GEO. y. BRENEMAN. Laucaater Dec. 30, 1856.                               Traasarer. dec 31  3t-o
Turnpike Dividend.
THE Directors of the Laucaster :iud Sajtqnehaona Tarnpike road company havo decla¬ red a dividend of eight dollarn per uhara on the Block of said ooinpany, payable after tbe necond day of Jannary, 1857, at the Farraera' Bauk. H. R. REED,
dec 31-^1-6 Treaflnrer.
A Hailroad Property to Let.
THK undersigued offer to let, fora tenu of yfl«r«. Ihelr RAILROAD PKOPEKTr, located In the cityof Lancaater, on the Philadelphia and Co¬ lambla atllroad.one ha!f«<{aiire weat of tbe depot, and adjolnlnK property of Bllnt^r Jt Bro'a. Steam Mill.
Thfl property conaiflt:) of A LOT OF OKOUND. ISO feet deep by 67 f«et wide, bavlnfC thereon a OKE AND A HALF STORY BUILDING, 86 feol deep by 35 feet wide, alno a Railroad Siding, 162 feet in lenj^h, luartni; nearly one half of tha lol vacant, wlilcU iit of euy &c- cflsii for teamM. The properly In well Eulapied for a hnnlneu reQalring a RHilroad convenience. Por further particalarn enqnire of th-i HubHCrlber.i. on the premixei.
jan7-tf.« KONIQMACUER k BADMaN.
J. E. HOEPEE,
SURVEYOE, CIVIL ENGINEER, COSVETANCER andDaAUGHTSMAN.Monnt Joy. '^*'"» •-—Town Plana. Sfapa of large estateH aad Topo- graphioai Plana of countr-seats, Ac., oeaUy drawn.
TTOKNEY A.^D  COUNSELLOR
JAMES K. ALEXANDEB, TTOKNEY AT LAW.-oXe with
K. Llghtner, Doke atreet, nearly opnonUe the   J"^!? 2-lf-3l
Uoorl Hotue.
FOH EENT.
FllOM Iho first day of April nuxt, that lurge TBREE-STORY BBICK BCILDIMG. J£±S, formerly iccnpled aa Hobley'o  Hotel, in Ceatro MJil Pquare.   53- Enrialre at tho oiSce -if the iDland JHiijL InxnrBQCe aoiI Dopuuit Compaoy. dec 31 ^         ^   _^ tf-J
FOE EENT,
THE STORK KOOM, WAHKHOUS)': and DWELLINO, on tha fionth-weni corner i^^ of Centre Sqaare. Strasbnrg, aow uccupied by 8"'| McCwr & Blacs, and for many yearn kept by .HiUL the sabHCriber. It i« lo eVbry wwy falculated for dumg a good bnfineii!:, and Is oua of the bei^t Btaadtt in the connty.
Also, A two-story BRICK DWKLLING, near the centre nf the town. WM. SI'ENCEIt.
O^Both the above propertitiu are fur aale. If perpone prefer bnying, dec 31 -if-^
OfSctt of the Harrlfburg k LancaJtier R. R. Co..) PniLADELPniA. December 17th. 1S56. (
NOTICE TO BOND HOLDERS.— The January Inlarent onthe Company's Bonds WlU be paid al ihelr offlce. (S. K. corner of Third & Wal¬ nnt nlreets,) on and after thH li«t proximo.
The holderu ofthe B^jada dan In IBTiS. are reqaented to
bring their bondH with them when tbey call fur their
intereHl.   The Coapons maiit be endorsed by thu hulden
of tbe bonda before paymeut Ih mnde,
dec24-Jt-i OEOHOS FABEK, Treasnrer.
Forwarding and Commission Houae. JOHN~BAKEB,
(OF  THE  LATE  FIRM OF  snlRK L.  BAKBR,)
Forwarding and Commiaaion Merchant, NOETH PRINCE STREET, LANCASTER, PA.
THE subscriber, thankful for the pa- tronageextended to the late flrm, re-   «w ^m^ apectfolly aollclts a conlinuance of the Bame. tAl il_J
He will receive Fioar. Grain Wht^key. aad 4jju^je^ all kinds of produce, and forward tha same -
to Philadelphia, Baltimore and allothormarlfeti). at the lowest r&tH9.
ilUroijfht nent to S. L. Witmer, 42S Market atreet, Philadelphia, directed In care of John Baker'nCirrt, Lan¬ caater, wtll be promptly dellvPred In this clly, on the most liberal termB.
53-The bosIneKH of the laie firm of SHIRK J£ B.\- KEE. will be aettled by the uoderslgnad.'
JaD7.3m-B JOHN BAKER.
Aurora Borealis, or Northern Iiight! CONCERT HALL DEMOLISHED !!
THE subacribors take pk-iisure in sta¬ ting to  their nutnorouB friends and  patrons that ttiey hare moTod Into
CONCERT HALL, Immediately adjoining their former location,
where they are prepared with tbe LAKOEST and MOST ARTISTiO LIGHT In the city—A NORTHBHN SIDE LIGHT—to lake PATENT AMBR0TYPE3 apd ME- LAirJOTYPES at rewonable prices'.
S3-Per>ou« wauling either of the above named Pic- tnreM, are cautioned against going anywhere etee In tha city,—as It la no matter wbat otborn may bave odverti- aed, or what their abUitle-s may be—we »Ay, and eny it emphatically,'that none others lo this city DARE take the aforesaid Pictures, and wa baek the Hoaerticn with a
REWARD OF TEN DOLLARS, for a PATE^•T AMBROTTPE made and cold in thecity of Lancaater by any other operator than oureelves.
OBSERVE:—We hare tbo [arg«t and mi^t artlntio ligbt In the city. ,      ,.
We hava ibo largest and hc-t Cameras tn the city
We have (he EXCLUSIVE KIGUT. for Lancaster city, to the best proctws in astence, and ae for TAKING THE BEST PICTURES, we leave ibe public to judge for [heta selves.
ir3-iuferior Workmen are always compelled! to work for (he lea.1t TTAseji.
T. & W. CUMMINGS k CO., Roomi oyer Sprecber'a Hardware ttore, N tiueen street.
Lancaster, dec 31 3m-5^
~KONIGMACHBB~& BAtritAN,
THINNERS and OURKIERS STOHE, back of R. ModerwoU'e Commlwlon Ware-HonHe, fronting on the Railroad, and North Prince etreet.
Chbap FOR Cash, or Approved Credit.
Coaatantly on hand a fall aeeorlment of all klnda 0 Saddler'sand Shoemaker's Leather, of superior quality, Inclnding " Bouier's celebrated Sole Leather"; »!«o, Leather Banda, well Btretched, Bultable for all kinds of raacbiaery. of any length and width renuired. madeof a Bnperior qaallty of Leather; Farnace Bellowc. Band and Lacing Leather, Garden Hose.Tanner'* Oil, Currier s Tools, MoroccOP, Shoe Find ngH, kc, kc
All klndaof Leather boaght in the rough ; blgbeat price given for Hides and Skinf In casb ; ordera wlU be promptly attondod lo. Joly l4-u-3.^
WM. AITG. ATLEE,
ATTOKiNEY AT LAW.—Offiee No. 45, Eail King atrMt, oppotjite Sprecher'e Hotel. _»epl 26       iy,43
J.   HABTIS.] fj.  KC-KEa'd'.
DEBTTISTHY.
MAiVTUV & K:ixVKEAD,havinj; as- flocialed together In tbe practice ot OtiSTlBTRY, wtllendeavor to render / entire salisfacttonin aUoperatlont en-( truBted to their care.   Being prepared ___
fortbeMAhDFACTDRE OFTEETH, we will be enabled to anlt all caaef, with
BLOCK, SINGLE GUM OR PLATE TEETH atttier on Gold, Silver or Gnlla Percha.
C^OFFICE—Main Street, 3 doora eaflt of Echter- nscbi's Hotel. Strasbarg, Z.%n. co.
N. B. I lake tbla method uf lendering thankn for the liberal patronage heretofore receired, and hMpe by the present arrangement to be eaabled atall tlmeoto atiend to those reqnlrigg onr nerrlcefi
jy 16-17-33 J. MARTIN.
Dr.  S.  T. PHIGG, '
SURGEON DENTIST, re- / BpeclfuUy offers his profeaHlonal / stjrvices to the citizens of Lancanter aud ^
ite vicinity, assuring them tbal all operations onlrustcrj to his care, eliber lu
OPERATIVE OR MECHANICAL DENTISTRY
will be executed iua thoroughly scientific manuftr OFFICE—East  King ^-tre^t,  lnl  Door Ea™t of King'*
Grocery. J[j*Kefer3 lo Profesf^or*. C. A. Harrin,  A. A. Blandy
P.H. Anaten, of BaUlmore Ojlleif of Ucntal  ^qrcr^ry
jioy fi ']?S^
DE. W. H. WITJMOE, OF  THE CITY  OF PHILADELPHIA, \\rHEl\K lit: Las been in succe.ssful
Yy practice for a. Biunber of years, received his education at the heal Jiedical C'ullege la the L'nit«;d States, and bad the experience and practice in the dif- ferent bospltalH/or aaPera-years; aiaetaharof ttio An- ttlytical Medical Institute of Nuu* York, and late .Medi¬ cal Surgeiin of the U. K, J/avy, now otiais himself lo ihv pnhlic to allRod any professional calls.
Thc purest medicine* always oa band direct frow tbe best Lrtboralories of our coaulry and tha Butaalcat Gur- deua of theworld. No patent medtcinen ptericrilied or recommeaded. MH.iicines o»ed only which wtU not break down the cuQHtltution, but wilt renovate the sys¬ tem from all injuries 11 baa HOafalned from mineral medicinas. Chronic tind dililcnh dia^anes mnat be treat- edapon analytical princlpien; whiehls to knuw aad ascertain wbatdl»eahe la. Its unture and chariicter re- •^ulre a knowledge of the chemical coni-iltuen> of every boiid and fluid of the human budy~-ttit> ctianges thoae aoHds and flalds are capahle of undergolag. Tu know what medicinen to eiupluy tu cnre dlae&^t»», required a knowledge of th« cbttuilc^I cunititutnt.i of all agents employed In m-^dlclnes, and If we arc iu po(>r«:,i.iou of thia knowledge it ia ptjo.-ihle lo cure nay din-^e—qo mailer of how long standing—and leave the patif^nt in a healthy and perfectly cured condltiua:
DT3PEP3IA, that dlslresiiiag disease and fell dectroynr of healtb and happine^, ouderiuining the couMitutiuu, and yearly carrying thousaada to antimely gravM. caa most emphatically ha cured.
HHEi'MATiiji, la any lorm or condition, chronic or acute, warranted curable; Epii.Krwt.or tailing ^icttness all chronic aud nlubbgrn caae» uf Kemale Dljea--ie3 rad¬ ically removed: iJAl.T ItiiEUM and every dehcripiion of alceralions; Piles and ScHuFcLorrf Di^KAsEa, which have hiillied atl previuun m-dlcal skill, cnn be cur<id by ruy treatment, wtieu the cnnAlicution is not ejchaunced
1 do say sll diseases (yes, CONSUillTION) c«a lU cored.
CANCER CVRED WITHOUT THE KNIFE. I will remain ta my oCice on Wednesdays and bAlur- days from 9 o'clock, A. 31. to :i P. M., to accommodate patients from a dinlhact, and couauU la iha itm Eug)i-h and German languanes. Will make visits to any difl¬ tance If required. May he niidn^^^ed by letter, Print:* Slreet near Uraage, Laucaater cily. Pa
u.;v 5-ly-49  w. H. WITMOH. M. ».
DE. JOHN McCALLA,-DENTIST,
No. 4, East King Street, LAN CASTE It.
Baltimcse, Feh,  18   tS49,
JOHN McCALLA, D. 1>. S,, atton- ded two full courr-es of Lectures, and graduated with high honors in the Baltimore Col¬ lege of Dental Surgery, and from bis J untiring energy, close application aud | study of the brauclie.-! tnught In saiil laslitatlou, togelher wilh exblbitioas of skill la the practice of hia proferthion. we feel ao hesitation In re¬ commending him as worthy of public coufideucu and patronage- C. A. llattBirf, M. I>,, D. D S..
Professor of Principles and Praclico ia tbe Balilmoro College of Deutal surgery.
C. 0. C«SE, D.D. S., Prof, of Operative and Mechanical Dentistry, BalUmorj CoUege of Deatal Surgery.
BOARD OF EXASIINERS: E. PabmleT, M. D.. New York. E. B. Gaedette, M. D., Philadelphia. E.  P. HcLi.tnE.'f. ai. D., Wheelini:. Virginia E. Town-send. D. D. tf., Philadelphia. E. JIat.vabd, M. D.. Washington, D. C. epH          ly-42
KINDNEtS.
BT   QSBALD   MASSBT.
There's no dearth of klndne'^,
Iq Ibis world of ours ; Only In oar blindness
We gather thorns for flowen! Outward, we aro aparnlog—
Trampiug ona another! While we are only yearning
At the name of " Brother!"
There's no dearth of klndnsfs
O7 love among maaklsd, Bat Id darkiog loneliness
Hooded hearts grow bliud I Full of klndnesB tlngllog,
Bonlls shut from soul. When they might be mingling
In one kindred whole!
There's no dearth of kindness,
Tho' It be anspoken, From the heart It bulldeth
Balsbow smllea In token— Tbat there be aoae bo lowly
Bat have aome angel tonch ¦ ret. auTslng iovea anboly.
We live for aelf too moch f
Aa the wild rose blowelb,
Ae mns the happy river, Eindneea freely floweth
In the beart forever. But If men wlll haaker
Erea for gotdea dust, ElndUoet hearta wlU canker.
Brightest eplrita mst.
Tbere'e 00 dearth of klodneu
In this world of oors; Only in oor bUndnesB
We gather tboniB for dowers! 0 eberisb Gods best giving.
Falling from above I Life were not wortb living,
Ware it not for love.
Carolinayellow Pine FIooringBoards p. A AAA   FEET   OaroUna  Yellow
fJ\/^J\J\/    Pl" Dressed Flooring Boards.
80.000 Feet do., Undressed. 60.000 Cypress Shingles, No. 1 and 2. 60.000 Bangor Plastering Laths. Just received and for eale al Graeff's LsndlDg. on the Conostoga.    Apply to            GEO. CALDEK k CO., Office—East Orango st.. near >'. Queen st., Laacaster. oct 8       -^
Dr. Waylan's New Drug Store,
No.   tjO  North   Queen   Street.
THE undersit^ucd respectfully .innoun- ceslbathn has opened his NEWDHUG - 8TOBB ESTABLISHMEKT, with n r. ^y ,.k-T| leuMlve and complete ttock of Drugs, .Medi¬ cines,  Cfaemicalir,   Perfumery   jtnl   Kitncy articles—all fresh and pare—which will be sold at the lowest market prices.
ThU slock embraces every article a^aally k^pt in a , tint clans Drug Store, and neither labor nor expon.-e ba« been spared in filling up the ehlabii^hmeut. to iunure the preservation of the Drug:< in tha bent condiiiou, an well as to secure tbe couvenieuce aud comfort of tha costomers.
A complete a^^sorlment of matorial.i nsad by the Deu¬ tal Profession can ul^o bo had :i.t the store of the aub¬ scriber.
An Improved Soda, or Slineml Wnter Apparatus ho.* beeu Introduced, the foautain^ of wbich ure made of Iron, with Porcelain lluiug on Ibelr iixterior surface. freeing them from aH liability to taint tna water with any motallc poison, wblch ha-sbeea herelofora so great an obJectioQ to the copper foBataln.<<. Thoee wbu wi.^h to enjoy these rflfrflshlng beverages can do to nl this establiahmeni witboul feur of baing poisoned irith del¬ eterious matter. Tho enliro esiabli-bment haw b-'en alpced ander the sDperiutendeuca of a most c>tmi"rieut and careful Druggist, who has bad mauy years of ex¬ perience la the Drng and Prescription businPr^.-. in flrnt olass bouses iu Philadelphia and Cincinuali.
The undersigned feels confldent that he Is tn *^V'-ry way prepared to give eulire sati>facitou to bid cu>iom- ers, tbereror(> a .>4hare of public ii.iirou;tge is no'ici'-d.
junell-lf-*23 JOH.V WiYLAiNti. D.D.
Composition and Gravel Roofing.
D PANCOAST havinglu^ioubted wirh , himself M. LODIS BROSIUS In tlio Compo^Uitm n/u} Gravel Roofing business, is eaa,hWd to hay tliey will be prepared to execnte with despatch any caWh for HOOFd In tbe city or connlry.
D. PANCOAST bavins put on a great uumber of Ilttofs in the 1a>tt three years iu tiie city aud .'urrouodiug couu¬ try, warraat Ihem la assuring Bullderx that tbeir mod^ of roofing can be relied ou. They would iuviie Fnrm ers who are about to Ijuild Barns, to make them^elVfti acquainted with the merits of tbeir roof, a.-<rinring rhsm and others, that they are egua/fotAi'&C3/. and in nomtt respects saperior to ail others, being Fire Proof, Wa'.nr Proof. Air Tight, and costiug ouly aliout half as nmeh aa slate. Warranted in all csf-e^ to be a.* slated. Suj Information given by addr^-'nlug
D. PANCOAST k BROSirS.
marlS-ly-lC. Lancju-tcr, t'*.
Great Bargains in Furniture, at the Houeekeeper's Emporium!
Iforth    Queen  Street,  near  Orange,    Lanc'r. \X7 E shall receive a   large addittuti   i*.'
YY our stock, ouor aboul the first of Novembe next, and to make r^om for it will aell our present a>noriment for { ready cash, at prices considerably j lower than oar former rHtea. Uar pre»ent slock embrece« ortrryarticlo la tlie houn^ke^i- lag line. Is perfectly fresh, and a.'* good a.-^ cau be pt.;- dar^d in LancaJrltr or Philadelphia. Call, tben, ladl-^^ and genlleraen, bofore thn flrstof Kovember, and you willbe couvineed that vrt jjiean all ice say.
KETCHAM Jt VICKEY.
N. B.—Jusl   received some splendid  cets of cotratr furnitnre.
Hep \l-tfA1 K. k V,
Mattraas Making and Upholstery.
THE subscriber has commenced the above business, and Intends carrying It on at his resldance lo E:isl ^iag etreet, Laucasler, balf a smare west of tho Counly Priaon, where ha will have manu¬ factared all kinds of MATTRASSES. CURLED HAIK MOSS, HDSKi", PALMLEAF. COTTON, kc. ot all qnall¬ lles and at all priceB, and of the best of materials, aud as low u ean ha had anywhere else for caah.
He woald aoliclt all who stand In Qe^d of anything n his line to give him a call.
S3"01d Mattraasee of all kinds re-made, and all kinds made to order- 	
CS^rdens can be left atD. Bair's store, C. Widmyer « farniture ware ,noom, H. S. Gara's store, or at tbeCoun- y Prison, which will be promptly attended to.
f«b27-tf.l.1 HBNRV HEMH.
50,000 PIECES OF
Borders, Mouldings, Stationery, Fire- Board ScreeDLS,&c., now openiug
AND WILL BE eOLD
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL,
At unprecedatled low prices, AT TUE
Camargo Manufacturing Company,
HEW IKON FBONT  STOKE,
No. 20, EAST KINO STREET,
Adjoining the Lancaster  County Bank.
C   >I- BRE>'EMAN, for Company
jep 21_ tW3_
LITMBEK! LTTMBEB!!
JOB PBIMTIHG OP ALL EHIDS.
From the 1 argest Foster to the stnalleBt Caril
DONE AT THIS  OFEICE,  in the BEST STYLE, with great despatch, and at tbe loweet prices.
t^HANPBlLLS for the sale of Rkjll ok pBiwoitAi. pROFKBTT, printed on from ONE to TH£BB HOOB6 NO: ICE. nov 19-tf-60
LAMCASTBR LOOOKOTIVB VfOBXM, i
December 1. 1836.    (
Statement of the Lancaster IJocomo- tive Works.
MADE  in pursuance of  nn Act  of General Assembly of the CommoQwealth of PenoBylvanla, paaaed April 7,1849.
Capital of the Company ^96,000 00
Amoant paid Iq  &3,000 00
LlabllltieB 201.449 S7
Awette 223.679 SS
JAMBS BLACK, President. M. 0. KLINE, Treaanrer. Lancaster CUy, ts.
On this 21th dayof December, l&je, personally ap¬ peared before me. an Alderman lu and for the said city, the above nanied Jamea Blifk, Pr»Blden», asd H. O. Kline. TVeasarer, who being doly afirmed accordtuff to law, do aay tbat tbe above ¦tatement ia tme. to the beat of their knowledge tad belief. Afflrmed aud ssbscribed Dec. 24tb, 1868. J. C. VAN CAMP,
dec ai-at-d Alderman.
( The Clearfield Coal & Lumber Co'y.
ARE prepared to deliver BOARDy, LATHS AND SCANTLINO.of any siie or qnalily, at any ot tbe atatlossalong the line of the Pes&sylva. nia Ball Ro&d or on any of the roada connecting there¬ in th.
The Uilli are located in Clearfleld and Cambria coun¬ ties, on bead waterv of Uoehanoon and Clearfleld Creeks, connected with the PeansylvaQla Railroad by an ex¬ cellent Flank Road, which affords facilities for tbe prompt delivery of lumber at alt seasons:
Tho prioe will vary with the «Ue and quality ofthe material, bat will be as low as lamber of a Mlmllar character can be procured elRewbere
B3^pnice or Hemlock Fencing Boards, or Sawed Ralli; also. Joists, Stoddlug. Rafters aud other Scant¬ ling, for Bems and Honses. can be dellvorsd at very Bhort notice, and at low prices. .,„   ,
tt3^rderB can be directed to the Clearfleld Coal and Lnmber Company, care of «,,»»«««.«
WILLIAM B. OASLINGTON,
hdCi ACRES OF NICE LAND, in
tJ\j\j Iowa,will be exchanged for a well Baleoted atock of Drr Ooodi. Oinlvare or Dntge. Apply to B. J. WORK, OieeDswUe, muUla econtr. Ps.
Jan 30-1 y-9
Tipton, Blalr counly, Pa.
BAGS.
TO MILLERS, Farmers and all others who are In want of Baga of all sites; can be sup¬ plied at tbe Lancastar Connty Priaon, by the dozen where thers Is manufaclnred dally, 2 dozen, wfaich vill be warrantad to be madr ot the best material and well aawed. Baga of any made to order at the shorter/ notice.
ALSO, for Bale, 4000 yarda of Carpet..'-Uom 36 to SO Ota. per yard.
Aj«o, 60 Set Hei* and one do2. Sturgling Ntis. Seines made to order.
S:j*Caah paid fer any qoantity of Carpet EagB.
no* l^-tt-M a. fl. LOCHER, Kmp-t
LORIMER'S
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL
Last, Boot Tree, Leather, Morocco
and Knding Store,
A'o. 45i East King Street. Lancaster.
LASTiS, Root Trees, Shoe 'J'ri'C aiui Crimping Boards, mauufaciari>d and cou-taulty on baud. AUo, L'pper Lratiier. Kips nad C^If ^'ti^b, Red aud Oak Sole leather. French Calf SkloH, Patent Calf and Ooat ^'ktuf, Aluruccos, Linings end IIta<Jiu>:M. Shoemakers' Kit, ThrtDad, Nails, Pegii and Fiudio^t, <•} every de*cr!p:ica, fvr sale wholcsa)? and rf*tatl,cheKp for cash. JNO. II. LOHl-MEH.
No. 45ii, Ea*t King Street, hHucAHar.
A CAKD.
THE   subscriber having   relincjuislieii   tho
Leather, Morocco aud Fiudiup lIllsi^t•^.¦', irtk.!> tbi- ineih- Oii of returning bis^iucerr• thankn tu hi.- cutlomers. i»nd the trade iu genoral. for the very Iiboml i<atrouiiE;>> ba- stowed npon him, and would xolicit a cootiuimucct of the same to hts successor. Joii.n H. LoKiuna. wlu will continue the bufliuehs at tbe old stand, and will ^triva to render -alisf^icilou to all who may favjr him wuh their oustiun. Mr L-irlmer will contlnne thi* Li>T MAKING, haviug lo hU employ a flrat-rale workman who Is sure to pleaae. dec IO.tf-2 Gf). P. BAM,.
NEW HAT AND CAP STORB.
MESSRS. BAKSTLKU & JOHX- SON take this opportunity of annouuciop lo their riends and the clllzeus of Laocastergetten^Hy. tbnt they havH commenced tbe mannfacture aud >^ale   of II ATS
aof every style—plnln and fashltiaabl^. Tbeuuder- fllgned fully believe tbat another HAT AND CAP KSTABLlSUilENT will be bandH.ioiely supported. If conducted in a maust;r tu suit the wauls of the peo¬ ple. The new flrm are fully determined lo makea g.)ml hat at a reasonable livipg pniflt. They onderMand their business thoronghly.and thereforerouke Ihelr own Hats In the best aud most workmanlike manner—thus feeling assured that thohe who patronize lhero will re¬ ceive a fall eqnlvalant forthelrmoney.
Their St-ire-room Is directly opposite   to .'Jprech^r's
hardware store, and a few doors south of tho Kxnuitaer
k Herald Printing Offlce, where thay will be pl«af ed to
ase tbeir friends from town and country.
WILLIAM BAHSTLEK.j [SAII'L. JOHNSON
nov 3S tf-W
1856.
a
BXJILDING SLATES.
THE Bubscriber having taken the agen¬ cy for Brown's Building Slates, li at any time ready to faralBh Slate by 'the ton, or put on by the aqnare, at theahorteat notice and oa the most reaaonable termi. Apply tt aj Hardware Store In Jfortb Qneen itrMi. aiO.D.iFBSOBEB.
SHTJLTZ & BROTHER,
WHOLESALE AND RETAU DEALER.^' IN
HATS AND CAPS.
FALL FASHIONS FORGENTLEJIEN'S HATS E are now prepared to supply Ctmi-
tlemen with all the NEWEST yPYl.FS OF HATS.of tbe bait qaalities and at such prlcfs m i> d ¦- fy compelUlon.
All Hate sold at this establMbment art? madu iindfr our own supervision, acd we warrant them to bo wh*: theyai oldfor. We respectfully JcvKd tbe jmblic lo give ns a call, as wa keep tbe lHrK««tand moot ompUtrt aaaorlment of Hals and Caps of all descriptions iu thi-> oily. JOHW A. SHDLTZ,
HENHY A. BHULTZ.
mar 26-tM7      No. 20S North Queen st.. Laucaater.
JOHN MOOBHEAD, ~
(SUCCESSOR TO KINO k MOOHUKaD.) COMMISSION MERCHANT.
FOB THH aAtB  OF
PIG   METAL   AND  BLOOMS,
No. 27,   Wood  Street, Piltsburg, Penna. BEFERKNCE3: JOBB GaaHAK. Ksq., President Bank,        Plttshnrg, Pa. E. 1>. Jo^zs, Esq., Cashier Citiiena' Deposit Bauk, do. G. 4 J. H. SBOEJTBMOBB, Iron Merchants, do.
COLBMAJr, HAILIUX & Co.       do. do.
Loauiz. Stbvast & Co. do. do.
JSoKSLSUx k Wa7T% Bfarletta, F^