Lancaster Examiner and Herald

              VOL xmi.
EXAJHCPTEB A HEaAIJ>.
PITBLIBHED EVBK? -WEDHEBDAT. At 1)0.4 KoTtb.Qneea Street, Lancaster, fa
TEBMS-S2.00 A TEAR IN AD VANCE.
JSO. A. HIESTAiro   * E. M   KLINE,
Editors and Proprietors.
PESBTSYLVAHIA- DTTTCH.
I have lived for twenty years in the county of LancAster, .where my neigh¬ bors  ou all  sides   are  Pennsylvaais .,      „—    ,   	
Dutch.   In the following article I shall fringe ; a brown stuff dress, and a pur-
the children ate diminutive men and women. The women wear sun-bon¬ nets and dosely-fltting dresses, but of¬ ten their figure loog very trim In brown, with green or other bright handkerchiefs meeting over the breast. I saw a group of Amish at the railr road station the other day—men wo-, men.andalittleboy. One of the youDi women wore a Mste-bDafliaon-boniie. covered with black,' and' tied with] narrow blue ribbon,, among .1 whieh showed the thick white latringB of her Amish  cap; a, gray  shawl;   without
try to give, from my own observation and familiar acquaintauce, some ac¬ count of the life of a people who are almost unknown outside of the rural neighborhoods oftheir own State, who have much that is peculiar iu their lan-
fage, customs and beliefs, and whom have le-iiued iieartily to esteem for their native good seuse, friendly feel¬ iug, -ind religious character.
LANGUAGE.
The tongue whicii these people speak is uot Germau, uor do they expect you to call it so. TUey and it are "Dutch." For tlie native German who works with them on the farm they entertain some contempt, aud the titlo "Yankee" is with them a synonj me for cheat. As must always he thecase where the great niajoi-ity do not read the tougue -vvhioh thpy speak, and live iu coutact with those who speak auother, the language has become mixed and corrupt. Seeiug ayoung neighbor cleaning a buggy, X tried to talk with him by speaking Ger¬ man. " Willst du reiteu V" said I (not reineinbering that reitcn is to ride on horseback.) "Willst du reiteu?" All my eflbrts were vain. I Avas going for cider to tlie house of an apple-growing Dutchman,and there lasked his daugh¬ ter wliat she would say uuder the cir¬ cumstances for "Are you going to rille'."' "Widclu forry? buggy forry?" ¦was the answer. (Wi'Ist du fahren?) Such expressions are heard as " Koock- amulto" for " Guck einmal da," or "Just lonk .it that!" and " Haltybis- sel," for " Halt ein bischeu," or " Wait a little bit." " Gutenobil" is always used for " Guten Abend." I ouce asked a womau what pie-crust is iu Dutcli. " Py-krooslit," she auswered.
Those who speak linglisli use such uncommon expressions as " That's a worry la.'tly basket" (ineaningdurable); " I seen hiin yet a'ready;" " I knew a wonian that had a good b.iby wunst;" " The bread is all" (all gone). I havo heanl tlie carpenter call his plane she, and a hnnsekeeper apply the same pro¬ noun to her homemade soap.
A rich landed proprietor is sometimes called Ling. An oid Dutchman who 'W.IS absent from home thus narrated the causeof his journey: "I must go aud see old Yoke (Jacob) Reidelmau. Te people calls me te kink ov te manor (townsliip), and tay calls him te kink ov te Oetorara. Now dese kiuks must come togeder once." (Accent together, aud pass quickly over once.)
KELlOIOS.
I called recently on ray friend and
neighbor, Peter S , who is a tlirifty
farmer, of a good mind, and a member of lhe old Menuist or Mennonlte Soci¬ ety. I ouce accompanied him and his pleasant wife lo their religious meeting. The nieeting-honseisalowbrick build¬ ing, with neat surroundings, aud re¬ sembles a Friends' meeting liouse. The Meniiists in many outward circumstan¬ ces verv mucli resemble the Society of Friends, but do not, liko the latter, hold that the object of extreme vener.i- tion is the teachiug of the Holy Spirit iu the secret stillness of the soul.
In the interior of the Mennist meet¬ ing a (luaker-like plainness jirevails. The men, with broad-brimmed hats and simple dress, sit on benches on oneside of tho house, and the women, in plain caps and black sun-bonnets, are ranged on the other. The services are almost .ilways couducted in Dutch, and consist of exhortation and prayer, and singing by tlie congregation. The singing is without previous training, and is not musical. A pause ofabout five minutes is allowed for jirivate prayer.
Tlie preachers are not paid, and are chosen iu the following manner: When a vacancy occurs aud a new appoint¬ ment is required, one of the members goes into a small room, appointed for thepurpose; and to him, waiting, enter singly the men and womeu, as mauy as choose, who tell him tbe name ofthe persou whom each prefers would lill the vacancy. After this an opportunity is given to any candidate to excuse himself from the service. Those who are not excused, if, for instance, six in number, are brought before six books. Each candidate takes up a book, and tlie one withia whose book a lot is fouud is the chosen minister.
I .isked my friends, who gave me some of these details, whether it was claimed or believed that there is any especial guidance of the Divine Spirit in thus choosing a minister. From the reply I did not learn that any such guidance is claimed, though they spoke of a raan ¦wlio was led to pass his hand over all the other books, and who selected the last one, but he did not get the lot after all. He was thought to lie ambitious of a place iu the ministry.
The three prominent sects of Menuo- iiites all claim to be Non-Kesistants, or tLvelirlos. The old Mennists, wlio are the most numerous and least rigid, vote at elections, and are allowed to hold such pubiie offices asschool director and road supervisor, but not to be members of the Legislature. The ministers are expected uot to vote. The members of this society cannot briug suit agaiust any one; they eau hold mortgages, but not judgment bonds. Like Quakers, they were not allowed to hold slaves, and they do not take oaths, nor deal iu spirituous liquors.
My neighbor Peter and I were ouce talking of the general use of the word " Yankee" to denote one who is rather unfair in his dealings. Tliey sometimes speak of a " Dutch Yankee;" and Peter asked me whether, if going to sell a liorse, I should tell the buyer every fault that I knew of the liorse's having, as he maintained, 'was the proper course. His brather-in-Iaw, who was at times a horse-dealer, did uot agree vr'Mi him.
Titles do not abouud among these plain neighbors of ours. Peter's little Kon used to call him "Pete," as he heard the hired men do. Nevertheless, oue ofour New Meunist acquaiutanceswas Ijuite courtly in liis address. Tliis last- mentioned sect branched ofl" some forty years ago, aud elaims to be reformirl, or to have returned lo au older and more exeeilent standard. They do not vote at all. Their most striking pecu¬ liarily is this: if one of the members is disowned liy the church, the other members of his own family wlio are inembers ofthe meetlug are not allowed to eat at the same table with liim, and hiswifewithdrawsfrom hiui. A woman H/ho worked in sucli a family told me Iiow uniileasant it was to her to see thai tbe father did iiot take Iiis seat at the table, to which she was invited.
In support of tllis practice they refer to tin; eleventh verse of the liftli chap¬ ter of First Corinthians: "liutnow I have written unto yon not to keep com- iiauy, if any man that is called a broth¬ er be a fornicator, or covetous, or an idolator, or a railer, or a drunkard, or an cxtorlioner, with such an one not lo eul." We have yet another sect amoug us, called Amish (pronounced Om misb). In former tiines these Alennists were sometimes known as " beardy men," liijt of late years the beard is not a dis- tinguishiug trait. It is said tliat a. persou once asked an Amish man the diflerence between themselves and an¬ other Menuist sect. " Vy, dey vears putt<ms, aud ve vearsh hooks oont eyes;" and this is, in fact, a prime dif¬ ference. All the Mennist sects retain the ordinauce«f baptism and the Lord's Supper, hut some also praetice feet- washing, and aome sectarians "greet oue another with a holy kiss."
On a Sunday morning Amish -ivagons, covered with yellow oil-cloth, may be seen moving toward the house ot that member wiiose turn it is to have the meoting. Great have heen the prepa¬ rations there beforehand—the white washing, scrubbing, the polishing of tin|and brass. Wooden benchesaud oth¬ er seats are provided for the " meeting folks," and ttie services resemble tbose already desoribed. Ot course, youug mothers do not stay at home, but bring their infants with them. When the meeting is over the congregaMori re¬ main to dinner. Bean soup was form¬ erly the principal dish on this ocacsion, but, with the progress of luxury, the farmersof a fatsoUno longer confine themselves to so simple a diet. Imag¬ ine what a time ot social intercourse this must be, transcending those hos¬ pitable gatherings, the quarterly meet¬ ing of Frienda. I have heard that af¬ fair maaft-.^. t....-.«—   ^1...   A.— ,-,-       '
pie apron. One middle-aged man,* in elined to corpulence, had coarse, brown woolen clothes, and hia pantaloonH, without suspenders (in the Amlsl) fash¬ ion), were unwilling to meet his waist¬ coat and showed one or two inches of white shirt. No buttons were on his coat behind, but down the front were hooks and eyes. X)ne youug girl wore a bright brown sun-bonnet, a green dress, and a light blue apron. The choicest figure, however, was a six yearold, in jacket, and with pantaloons plentifully plaited into the waistband behind; hair cut strait over the fore¬ head, and hanging to the shoulders; and a round-crowned black wool hat, with an astoundingly wide brim. The little girls, down to two years old wear the plain cap, and the handkerchief crossed upon the breast.
In Amish houses, the love of orna¬ ment appears iu brightly scoured uten¬ sils—how the brass ladles shine!—and in embroidered towels, one end of the towel showing work In colored cotton. When steel orelipticsprings were Intro¬ duced, so great a novelty ¦was uot pat¬ ronized by tbe members of the meet¬ ing ; but an infirm brother, desiring to visit his friends, directed the black¬ smith to put a spring inside his wagon, under the seat, and siuce thattime steel springs have become common. I have seen a youtli with flowing hair (os is conimon among the Mennists) and two trimbodied damsels, riding in a very plain, uncovered buggy.
Gideon K , too, rode in acommon
buggy; but he was a great backslider; lioorman, hespeculatcd, and committed suicide!
It was an Amish man, not well versed in the English language, from whom I bought poultry, and who sent me a bill for"chighans."
In mentioning these ludicrous cir- f umstances, faV be it from me to ignore the virtues of these unpretending peo¬ ple.
iriSTOIlY OP THE SECT.
It appears that this sect is named from Simon Meuno, a reformer, who died In 1501, though it is doubtful whether Menno founded thesect. "The prevailing opiuion amoug church his¬ torians, especially those of Holland, is that the origin of the Dutch Baptists may be traced to the Waldenses, and that Menno merely organized the con- cealeil and scattered congregations as a denomination."*
The freedom of religious opinion whicii was allowed in Pennsylvauia may have had the ellect of drawing hither the Continental Europeans, who established themselves in the fertile lauds of the western part of tlio eoun¬ ty of Chester, now Lancister. It was not until the revolution of 1S4S thatthe different German States granted full civil rights totlieMennoiiite.s. Iusome cases this freedom has since been with¬ drawn, Hanoverin 1S5S annulled the election of a lepresenlative to tbe sec¬ oud cliainber because he was a Menno¬ nlte. Much of this opposition probab¬ ly is caused bj' the sects refusing to take the oaths.
Under those opposing circumstances in the Old World, it is not remarkable that the number of Mennonltes in the United States is reported to exceed that in all the rest of tbe world put togeth¬ er. The Aniinh are named from Jacob Amen, a Swiss Mennonlte preacher of the seventeenth century.
As I understand the Mennonltes, they endeavor in church governmeut liter¬ ally to carry out the injunction of Je¬ sus, "Moreover, if thy lirother shall trespass against thee, go and tell him his fault between thee and him alone; if he shall hear thee, thou hast gained thy brother. But if he will not hear tbee, then take with thee one or two more, that in the mouth of two or three 'witnesses every word may be establish¬ ed. And if he shall neglect to hear them, tell it unto tbe church; but if he refuse to hear the church, let him be unto thee as a heathen man aud a pub¬ lican."
Besides tliese sectaries, we have among us a few of the Dunkers (Ger¬ man tunkcn, to dip), from whom sprang the Seventh-Day Baptists of Bphratah, with their Brother and Sister houses of Celibates.
" So lang der F.pbrolab 'wlrd sl«lien Ais Jungfrau'u Ua Jn KeiUen Bebiin." Also at Litiz we have the Moravian Church aud Gottesacker, and a Mora¬ vian Church at Lancrster.   Here, ac¬ cording to custom, a love-feast was held recently, when a cup of eoflee and a rusk (sweet biscuit) were handed to each J person present. I
POLITICS. As our county was represented in Congress by Thaddeus Stevens, you have some idea of wbat our politics are. We have returned about five or six thousand majority for the Whig, Anti- Masonic, and Eepublican ticket, and tbe adjoining very Dutch county of Berks invariably aa great a majority for the Demoeratic. Bo striking a differ¬ ence hos furnished  much ground for
speculation.   The Hou. Mr. S says
lhat Berks is Democratic because so many Hessians settled there after tbe Revolution.   " No," says the Hon. Mr.
B , " I attribute itto the fact that
the people are not laugbt by unpaid ministers, as with us, but are Luthe¬ rans and German reformed, and can be led by their preachers." "Why is Berks Democratic?" I asked our Dem¬ ocratic postmaster. "I do uot know," said he; "but the people there are ig¬ norant; the" do not read a paper on the other sine." A former postmaster tells me that he heard tbat the people of Berks were greatly in favorof liberty iu the time of the elder Adams; that they put np liberty poles, and Adams sont soldiers among Ihem and had the liberty-poles cut dowu; and "ever since tbey have been opposed to that poiitieal party, under its diflerent names."
FESTIVALS.
The greatest festive occasion, or the one wliich calls the greatest number of persons to eat auil drink togetlier, is the funeral.
My friends, Peter and Matty S ,
have that active benevolence and cor¬ rect princijile wlijfili jirompt care for the sick and dying, aud kind offlces toward the mourner. Nor are they alone in tliis. When a death occurs, our Dutch neighbors enter the house, and, laking possession, relieve the fam¬ ily as far as possible from the labors and cares of a funeral. Some "red up" the house, making that which waa ne¬ glected during the sad trials of a fatal disease fit again for the reception of company. Otbers viait the kitchen, and help lo bake great store of bread, pies, and rusks for the expected gather¬ ing. 'I'wo young men aud two young women generally sit up together over night to watch in a room adjoining that of the dead.
At funerals occurring on Sunday, throe hundred carriages have been seen in attendance; and so great at all times is the concoHisB of peopleof all stations and all shades of belief, and so many partake of the entertainment liberally provided, that I may be excused for calling funerals the great festivals of tbe Dutch. Weddings are also higbly festive occasions, but they are confined to the "Freundschaft," and to mueh smaller numbers.
The services at funerals are generally conducted in tbe German language. The preachers must necessarily be able to read German, as the hyms and Scrip¬ tures are printed therein.
An invitation is extended to the per¬ sons present to return to eat after the funeral, or the meal is provided before the leaving for the grave-yard. Hos¬ pitality, in all rural districts where the guests come afar, seems to require this. The tables are sometimes set in a barn, or large wagon-house, aud relays of guests succeed one another, until all are done. The neighbors wait upon the table. The entertainment general¬ ly consists of meat, frequently cold; bread andbutter; pickles orsauces, such as apple-butler; pies and rusks; some¬ times stewed chickens, mashed pota¬ toes, cheese, etc., and coffee invariably. All dephrt after tbe dish-washing, and tbe family is left in quiet again.
I have said that persons of aU;shades of belief attend funerals; but our New Mennists are not jiermltted so listen to
they ate stUl quite plalu, .with simple inscriptions. OccasioDBlIy family nave yards are seen: Oneyotta.fahii'aajoln- Ing ours seems cut diit'of the side of a field. It stands back from the .high¬ road, and access to It is on foot; To those who are anxious'to preserve, the, re¬ mains bf:tKeirtelatiyes,:,tbffle;gi!»Ye'
O'lir farmer had.Vdaughter married lately.and I was Invited to see the bride leave home. The groom, in accordance with the early habitsofStheDutch folks, reached thebride's house abaut6a. m., having previously breakfasted and rid¬ den four miles. As he probably fed and harnessed his horses, besides attiring himself for the grand oocasion, he must have been up betimes of an October morning.
The bride wore purple mouaselin ;e- laine and a blue bonnet. As some of tbe " wedding-folks" were dilatory, the bride and groom did not get off before seven. The bridegroom wasa mechanic and seemed to be a steady man. The whole party was composed of four cou¬ ples, who rode into Lancaster in bug-.] gles, where two pairs were married by a minister. In the afternoon the newly married couples went down to Pbila¬ delphia for a few days, and on the eve¬ niug of tbeir return we had a reception, or home-coming. Supper consisted of roast turkeys, beef and stewed chick¬ ens, cakes, pies, and coffee, of course. We had raisin pie, which is a great treat in Dutcbland on festive orsolemt? occasions. " Nine couples" of the brid¬ al party sat.down to supper, and then the remaining spare seats were occupied by the landlord's wife, the bride's uncle, etc. We had a fiddler in the evening. He and the dancing would not have been there had the household "belong¬ ed to meeting," and, as it was, some young Methodist girls did not dance.
One ofmy "English" acquaintances' was sitting alone on a Sunday evening, when she heard a rap at the door, and a young Dutchman, an entire stranger, walked in and sat down, "and there he
sot and sot." Mrs. G waited to hear
his errand, politely mjiikug conversa- tiou; and finally he asked whether her daughter was at home. " Which one?" He did not know. But that did not make much diflerence, as neither was at home. Mrs. G afterwards men¬ tioned the circumstance to a worthy Dutch neighbor, expressing surprise lliat a young mau should call who had not been introduced. "How, then, would they get acquainted ?" said he. She suggested that she did not think that her daughter knew the young man. "She would not tell you, perhaps, if she did." The daughter, however, when asked, seemed entirely ignorant of the young man, and did not know that she had ever seen him. He had nrobably aeen her at the railroad ata- tiou, and had found out her name and residence. It would seem to indicate much confidence on the part of the pa¬ rents, if, when acquaiutances are form¬ ed iu such a manner, the father and mother retire at nine o'clock, and leave the young daughter thus to " keep com¬ pany" until midnight or later. Itis no wouder that one of our German sects has declared against the popular man¬ ner of " courting."
I recently attended a new Mennist weddiug, whicii took place in the frame meeting-house. We entered through an adjoining brick dwelling, one room of which served as an ante-room, where the "sisters" left their bonneis and shawls. I was late, for the services had begun abont nine, on a bitter Suuday morning of December. The meeting¬ house was crowded, and in fronton the left waa a plain of book-musliii caps on the heads of tbe sisters. Ou shelves and pegs, along the other side, were placed tbe hata and overcoats of the brethren. The building was extremely plain—whitewashed without, entirely unpainted within, with whitewashed walls. The preacher stood at a small, unpainted deak, and before it was a small table, eonveuieut for tbeoid men "to sit at, and lay their books ou." Two s' ives, u half-dozen hanging tin candlesticks, and the benches, complet¬ ed the furniture. The preacher was speiking extemporaneously, in Eng¬ lish, for in this meeting-house the ser¬ vices are often performed in this tougue; and he spoke readily and well, though he now and then used such expressions !is, " It would be wishful for men to do their duty;" "Man cannot separate them together;" and " This Christ done for us."
He snoke at length upon divorce, which, he saiu, could not tuke place between Chris¬ tians. The preacher spokeespeciullyupon the doty of lhe wife to submit to tho hus¬ band, whenever difirereucoa of senliment arose; of the duty of the husband to love the wife, and show his love by his readiness to ussis t her. He alluded to Paul's saying tlmt it ia better to be unmarried than mar¬ ried, und he did not scruple to use pluin language touching adultery. His dlscourao ended, ho called UDon the pair proposing marriage to come lorward; wliereupon the man and woman rose from tbe body of tho congregation en either side, and, coming out lo the middle aisle, stood together be¬ fore tho minister. They had both pasaed their early youth, but had vory good fa¬ ces. The bi'ido wore a uiodo colored alpa¬ ca, and a bluck apron; also a clear-starch¬ ed cnp 'Without 0 border, aftor the fashion of the sect. Tho groom woro a dark groen coat, out "shad-bollied," aftor the mauuer of the brethren.
Thia was probably the mnnnor of their iicquuintunco: If, in spite of Paul's en- courugemenl to a sinc;le life, a brother seea a sisler whom he wisuea to marry, he men¬ tions the fact to a miniater, who tolla it to the aiater. If ahe agrees in sentiment, the acquuintaiico continuoa for a year, during which private inlerviowa can bo had, if do¬ sired ; blit this sect entirely discourages courting as usually pructiced among tho Dutch.
Tho yenr having in Ihia caaoelnpsed, and the pair hnviug met beforo the preacher, ho propounded to them three qucatioua:
1. I nsk of this brother, ns the bride- Broom, do you believe that this sister in lho fuith, is allotted to you by God as your holpmeat and spouse? And I ask of you as the bride, do you beljeve tliut thia, your brother, is allotted loyou by God aa yoer husband and head?
2. Aro you free in yonr alfoctlons from allothera, and have youlhom centred alono upon thia your brother or sister?
3. Bo you receive this peraon as yonr lawfully wedded Uuabnnd [wife], do you promiae to bo faithful to him [her), to rev¬ erence him [to love ber], nnd that nolliing but dentil shnll seporato you; thut, by the help of God, you will, to tho boat of your ubility, fulfil all tbo dutiea which Goil haa enjoined on believing hiisbnndaand wivea?
In anawering thia laat question, I ob¬ served lhe bride lo lift hor eyea to tbe preachor'a fuee, asif in fearless trust. Tben the prenchor, directing thom to join handa, pronounced them man and wife, and in¬ voked a bleaaing npon them. This wi r followed by a short prayer, aftor whicii tho wedded pair sepernted, each agaiu taking a placo among lhe congregation. The 00- cusion wna solemn. On resuming hia desk, tho jireachor'a evea woro seen to be siiB'ua- eU, and pocket-uandkorcbiofs were visiblo ou either aido (tho sister's whito, tho.se of tho brothron of colorod silk). The uudi- eiico then knoll, whilo the prenchor prny- ¦"1, nnd I honrd responses liko those of tho Mothodists, but moresnbduod. Thopre.ich- or thon made a few remarks to tho effect that, although it would be grievous 10 brouic tho bond now uniting theso two, it would bo inlinately more grievous to break the tie whicii unites ua lo Uhrist; and thou I'.quaint hymu waa sung to a fuiuiliar tuno. Tho "Church" <loou „„, ..ii„ .i,i;..~
The first subject of conversation waa the fall 'hbiise-cleaningr and I heard mention of "die carpets hlnans an der fence," and " die fenshtar und'die porch"; and the ex¬ clamation, .'.'My goodness, ea war aohlimm." I qnilted faster.;than. .Katy .Grotf, who showed 11)6'lier'ha|ids, and said, "You liave not been opra^huaking, as I have.'
does not allow wedding- parties, but u few frieuds may guther at houso after meeting.
auSrs'ie°^^oSrgS.'toat^re itfch the sermons of o'ther denomlHatiW givea the higheft price for^ntt^aSd Memorial stones over the dead aremore  .—.^t"     : *¦     ,     .    ""^i »u"  consplcuonsthanamongFriends., But
'Cfss—for they compared notes, The Amish dress is peculii
peculiar;  andl   •AmericanCyclopKdia.
QOlLTINOa.
Somo ten venrs ago there cnme to our noighborhoou u pleasant, Induatrious "Annt Sally," a mulatto; and the other dny ahe had a quilling, for she had long wished to re-cover two quilts. The firat who urrivod at Aunt Sally's wua our neigh¬ bor irom over tho "creek," or mill-atroum, Non'cy K , in her black ailk, and Men¬ nist bonnet, formed liko a sun-bonnet j and at ten came my deur friend Matty
S^ , who is tall und fut, und very plcas-
unt;
" Whose lienrt hna a look southward, nnd la open
To the grant noon of nature.''.., Her nuino ia Magdalena, but we always call her Matty. Aunt Snlly had hor qnilt np in hor Inndlord'a eaat room, for her owu houae was too amall. However, at about eleven, sho called na over to dinner; for people who hove breakfaat at five or aix have an appotite ut eleven.
¦We found on the tablo beefsteak, boiled pork, sweet potatoes, cold-slaw, pickled tomattoes, cucumbers, and red beets (thua the Dutch accent liea), apple-butter, pre¬ aerved peaches, pumpkin and apple-pie, sponge-cake, and coflTee.
After dinner camo our noxt neighbors, " tho maids," Katy and Mary Grofi', who Uve in aingle bleasedneaa and great neat¬ ness. Thoy wore pretty olear-atarohed Mennistoaps, veryplain. Katyisasweet- looking woman; and although she ismote than sixty years old, her forehead is al¬ most unwrinkled, and her fine fair bair is still brown. It was late when the farmer's wife came—three o'clock; for she had beea
Aunt Sally's desire'was rather toget quilting done on this great occaaion, than for us to put in a quantity of work.
About five o'clock we were called to sup¬ per. I need not tell you all the particulars of this plentiful meal. But the slewed chicken v/as tender, and we had coffee again.
Nancy K ^'a huaband now came over
tho crook in tho boal, to tnko hor homo, and ho warned hor agninat. tho evening darapneaa. The rest of us quilted nwb'le by candle and : unp, nud got tho second quilt dono at about seven.
Kt thia quilting there wns little gossip, and less a .'ndal. I displayed my new nl- pncn und iny dyed merino, und tho Phila- dophin bonnet whioh oxpoaea tho bnck of
my head tojthe wintry blaat.   Nancy -IC	
for her part, preferred a blnck ailk silk aun-bonuot; and so we parted, with mu¬ tual iiTitaliana to viait.
KARUING.
In thia fertile limeatone district farming is vory laborious, being entirel.y by tillage. Onr regular routine ia onco in five yeara to plough the sod ground for corn. In tho next ensuing year the same ground is sowed with oats; and when tho oats come off in August, the industrious Dutchmen immo- dtntely^annre the stubble-land for wheat. I bave'seon them laying down tho bluck heaps when, iu August, I havo ridden aome twelve or fourteen mllos down to the hill-country in seaxoh of blaokbei-ries.
After tho ground is carefully propared, wheat and timothy (grass) seed are put in with a drill, and in the ensuing spring clover is sowed upon the same ground. By July, when the wheat is taken off the ground, the clover nnd timothy are grow¬ ing, and w^ill be reudy to mow iu tho next, or fourth summer. In the fil'lh, the snmo grass oonatitules a grazing ground, and thou the aod is ready to be broken up again for Indian corn. Polatoou are aeldom plant¬ ed here in great quautitiea; a part of one of the ont lielda or corn fielda can be pnt into potatooa, and the ground will bo ready by full lo pnt into wheat, ifit ia doaired. A auocesafnl farmer puts moro than half of hia forty aores into wheat; ihis boing con¬ sidered the best crop. The avernge crop of wheat is aboot twenty bushols, of Indian corn about forty.
I have hoard of one hundred bushela of corn in tho Pequea valley, but this is vory raro. When the wheat and oata ure in the barn or stack, enormoua eighl-horae threahei's, whoae owners go about tho noighborhood from fnrm to farm, thresh tho orop in two or threo days; and thus what was onco a great job for winter may all bo flniahed before the firat of October.
Peter S is a model farmor. His build¬ ings and fences aro in good order, and his cattle woll kept.   Ho is a little past tho
grime of lifo; hia beautifnl head of bluck air being touched with silver. His wifo ia dimpled and smiling, and her two hnn¬ dred and twenty pounds do uot prevent her from being active, enorgotio, forehand¬ ed, und "thorough-BOing." During the winter montha the two sons go to lho pub¬ liu school—the oldest ono with roluclanco; there they loaru to road nnd writo, aod "cipher" a little, and possibly atudy geog¬ raphy; thoy apeak English at school, and Dutch at homo. Much education tho Dutch fnrmer fours, as productive of lazineaa ; and
lazinesa ia a mortal sin here.   The S s
rarely buy a book. The winter is emploj'ed partly in pre laring inulorinl to fertilize the wheat-lnnd (.uring the coming aummer. Great droves of cultio und shoop como dowu onr road from the Wost, and our farmers bny fl-om those, und fnlton stock during the winler montha for the Philndolpbin nmrket. A proper care of his stock will oconpy .some portion of the farmer's time. Then he bus genernlly a gront " Froundsuhnft," or fniuily connection, both his nud his wife's; nnd the paying vi.sits within n rauge of twenty or thiriy milos, and re¬ ceiving visits in return, help lo pass nway the llmo. Then PetornndMutlyaronctivo- ly benevolent; thoy aro linble to bo called upon, suiiimor and winter, to wait ou tho aick, nud to help bury the dend. Matty wns formerly renowned as a baker at funerals, wliero  hor services  were  alwaya freely
ThLs rich, level land of onr.s ia highly prized by the Dutch for farming purposea, und the great demand hns onhnucod the prico.   Tho farms, too, uro smull, seventy
ncrea being a fuir size. When Adnm It ,
tho rich proacher, bought hia lasl fnrm from
un " Knglishmnn," Willinm G snid lo
him: "Well, Adum, it aoeina us if yon Dutoli folks hnd dotennlned to root ua Knglish out, but theo h-j.d to puy prelty denr for thy root this time."
Thoro nro some auporstitioiis ideas thnt slill hold sway bore regurding the growih of plan- -. A young girl coming to ns for cnbbuge plnnta snid thut it was a gond time to sot them out, for "it was in the Wirgin." It is vorv doubtful whother she know what wns in Virgo, but I supposed thnt it wns tho moon. So our furnier's wife tolls me Ihut tho Virgin will do very well for cnb- bugea, but not for nny flowering plant like beuna, for Ihough they will bloom woll they will not mature tbe fruit. Gruin shonld bo sowed in lho lucrenso of tho moon ; ment butcberod in the decro^iso will sh-in'v iu tho pot.
FAnMERS'  WIVES.
One of my Dutch neighbors, who, frnm a shoemaker, became the owner of two farms, snid lo me, " Tho womun is more than hnlf," nnd his own very laborious wife bud indeed been so.
The womun (in populur parlance, " the old woman,") milka, ruiaes the poultry, haa charge of the garden—sometimea dig¬ ging tho gronnd heraelf, and planting nnd hoeing witb ihe aaaistance of her daughtera nud the " mnid" (Germnn, niagd.) To be aure ahe doea not go exlenaively into vege- tnble ruiaing, nor ha-i she a quuntiiyof slruwberriea und amall fruits; neither doea ahe plant a greut many peaa nnd boans, that are Inborions to "slick." Sho haa a qunnlity of cnbbagoa nnd of " rod boots," of oniona nnd of early potntoea, in her gnrden, a plenty of cucumbers for winter pickles, ] nnd « store of string-bonns and tomatoes, with somo swe.it potatoes.
Jacob B lold mo lhat in one yenr, off
of their small furm, tbey aold " lwo huu¬ dred dollurs' worlh wedgablc thinga, not counting tlio butter." Aa in thut yoar tho clothing for ench member of tho family probably cost from ten to fifteen dollurs, the two hundred dollars' worlh of vogoln- blo things wns of great importance.
Our Dutch never.make store-chtiQRC. At a county fnir only one cheeso wns oxhiliit- ed, and Ih-nt waa from Chester county. Tho farmer's wife bonrda nil tho fnrm handa and tbe monhanica—tlio caroentcr, mason, lie, wbo put up 11)0 now ouildjags, and the fence milker, Al liniea she allows thn daughters to go out and husk corn, ft wus a prelty aight which I snw ono fail day—an Amiah man with four aona and daughters husking in tho flold. " Wo do il ull our¬ selves," said he.
In the winter' mornings perhaps the far¬ mer's wifo goes ont to milk in the slnble with a lantern, while her dnughlois get breakfust; has her houao " redd uji" about eight o'clock, and ia prepared for aeveral hours' aewing beforo dinner, laying by great piles of ahirta for aummer. Wo no longer mnko linen; but I have heard of ono Dutch girl who hnd a good supply of domoatic linen mudo into shirts and trmia- ors for tho future spouse, whose " fair pro¬ portions" ahe hud nol yot seen.
Thoro i)rc, nf coqrso, n|any garmoiiLs to muko in a lurgo t'nipiiy, but lliero is nol much work pi|t upon tilPm. Wo do uot yet pntrnnizo the sowing inuohino vory ex¬ tensively, bnt u senmstreaa or liiiloross is aometimea called in. At tho spriug denn¬ ing the labors of the women folk nre in- crouaod by wbitewasliing the piokol fonoos.
In Murch wo mako .soap, boforo the la¬ bors of tho gnrden uro grout. The foreata nro being oblitornlodfioiii thla fertile Irnct, und mnny use whut aome cnll " consoorut- ed" lye; formoriy, the uali-hopper wns lilled, und ugood lot of egg-lionring lyo run off to begin lliosonpwilh,whilo the weaker filled the sort aonp kettle, after tho soap had "come." Tho cheniical operation of aonp making olteu proved diificult, aud, ol course, mueh waa aaid about luck. " Wo had bad luck niaking aoap." A snsanfrua atick Was preferred for aiirring, und tho aoap wns stirred nlwnys iu ono diroclion. In rognrd lo this, und lhat otlior chemical operntion, mnking and keoping vinegnr, thero nro corluln ideas abont tho louiporury incnpncity of some peraona—idena only to be alloded to hero. If the farmer's wife nevor ",has Inok" in making soap, she om-
Eloys some skilful woman to oome in nnd olp her. It ia not a long operation hero, for tho Dutch ruah Ihia work apoodlly. If the lyo ia well rnn 08', two tubs of hnrd aoap and a barrel of soft cnn be mndo in n duy. A very amnrt housekeeper cnn mnke a bnrrel of aoup in lhe morning nud go vis¬ iting in tho aaernoon. ¦
Groat are the household Inbjra iu hnr- veat; buttho cooking aud baking in the hot weathorure cheerfully douo for the men folks, who uro toilling in the bot suns nnd stifling barna. Fonr niouls aro coinmon at thia seuson, for "a pleco" ia sent out at nino o'clock. Ono Dutch girl mnde aome fifly. pies a week in harvest; for if you have Ibur meuls n day, andu pio ut each, many are required.   We bave great fuith
In the neighboring county of York, an inexperienced Quaker wife was loft Sin charge of the furm, and dnring harvest theso important labors were preformed bv John Stein, John Stump, and John Stinger. She alao had gueats, welcomo perhapa" as " rain in barveat." To conciliate the Johna waa very important, and ahe wailed on them flrat    "What mil thee have. Jolm
in fat, and thehouseWi* ¦*«» ready to ap¬ pease "Achilles' :'wrstJi,'5iaa soon as she' made thiardisoovery    '^"-'¦'i,-
We used tb make quantities of apple- butter in the fall, but of .'Ms apples are not plentiful. • WemadeinoW'Waaonaixbar- rels'of older into apple?;D8per, three at a' time. Two large copp?rXS!"^werB.hung under the beech trees down between the sprlhg-faDtiseaild^ih)>nng''e;ltpnse, and the orderw«aKoftSaa<j<mtBe evODdng beforej
great strimpS of trees being in demand.' ne hand watched the oider, and the rest of the family gathered in tbe kitchen, and labored dilllgently in preparing the cut ap¬ ples, 30 thnt in tbo morning the "achnilz" might bo ready to go in. [Selineiilen, to cut, gesclinitten.)
Two buahela and a half of cut apploa will be enough for a bnrrel of cider. In a few hours tho apples will all bo in, und thon yoa will stir, for you do not want the apple-butter burn at the bottom, und bo oblige! to dip it out into tubs, nnd scour the kettle. S 10 timo in tho ufternoon, you will tnko out a liltle In a dish, and when you Hud that tho cider no longer " weeps out" round tho edges, butall forma a simple heap, you will dip it out into earthen veasels,and whencolutukoil "on" to the garrett to koep company wilh the hard aoap nnd bnga of dried npples aud cherries, perhaos with the bams und shoul¬ ders. Soap ana npplo-butler nro usually made in an open lireplnco, where bungs the kettle. At one tlnio, I hnve heard that thero was npple-bullor in the Luncnstor Museum which dutod from Revolutionary limes; Ior wo do not expect it to feriueiit in the aiiuimor. It dries uway, but water is stirred io to prepare it for tho tnblo. Some¬ times pench-buLler ia made, witb cider, ino- Inasoa, or sugar, and, in thojirosout scurci- tv of uppies, cut pumpkin is o..,en put into the apple-butter.
.Soon nfler upple-bultcr muking cduios butchering, for wo liljo nn eurly pig in the fall, when tho storo of smoked meat has run out. Pork is tho staple, nnd we smoke tho flitches, nol preserving them in br "- liko tho Yankees. Wo ourselves nso niuch beef, and do not liko smoked flitch, but I speak for the mnjority. Snusago is a grent dish with us, ns in Germany. My sisle.' nnd I wont onco on a few dnys' trii) through tho country, nnd woro Iroutod uitornuloiy tibani nnd mackerel, unl'l, nt the lust houae, wo hnd both.
Butchering ia ono of tho many occnaions for the display of friendly fooling, when n )i-ol!ier or fnihcr steps in to help bang the .-ogs, or a sister to a.s8isl in renderinglurd, orin preparing the plentiful meal. An no- live farmer will have two or tbree porkers killed, scnlded, und hung up by sunrise, nnd by night tbo wiiole operation of snus- ugo nnd "scrnpplo" iilnkiiiff, nnd Inrd ren¬ dering, will bo rmishod, nnu the houso sot iu order. The frionds who buvo nssisted receive a portion of tho suusnge, &q., which portion is culled the "metzel snp." The metzel-sup ia ulso sont to poor widows, uud others.
li^c muko acrnpplo from thoskuin.npurt of the livers und lienda, with tho nddilion of corn moal; but i nstend, our Dut(^li neigh¬ bors mtxk.aliver-uiurst{ " wooraht")orment pudding, omittiug the corn moal, nnd this conipound, stuli'ed into lurge onlrnils, is very popular in the Tjaucuster mnrkot. Some make jjftjMi-//fm.5 from lho liquor in whicii the pudding liiont is boiled, addin' thereto corn menl- I hnve novor soon hog head chee.so in Dut(;li houses. If the boil- ing-piooos of boof uro kopt ovor summer, thoy are smoked, instend of being preserv¬ ed in brino. We eut much smonr-onse {Seltiitiei:kase), or coltn^Q elioose, iu thoso regions. Tho children, aud grown up poo¬ plo, too, funcy it upon breud wilh niohias- es; whicii may be considered ns au otVsot to tbo Yankee pork nnd molasses.
Wo have nlso Dntoh choose, whicii niry bo made by crnmblingthodrv .sinonr-casc, working in butter, snlt, uud chopped sage, forming it inlo puts, nnd setting them nwnj' to ripon. The sieger-ease is mnde from sweet milk boiled, witb sour milk ndded, nnd bonlon eggs, nnd thon sot to drnin ofl the whey. "Schnitz undkiiep" ia snid to bo mnde of dried upolcs, fnt iiork, nnd dough dumplings, oooiccd togothor.
In thefnllourdntch mako saiicr-hraiit. I happened into the honao of my friond Matty, when ber liusbnnd nud son were go¬ ing to tuke an hour nt noon, to lielp her wilh the krnut. Two white tubs stood up¬ on tho porch, ouewiththe fair round honds, und the othor to recoivo the cabbnge when cut by a knifo -set in a board (u vory con¬ venient thing for cutting cold-slaw und cu¬ cumbers). When cnt, the cabbnge is pnck- ed into a "stnnd" with n suner-krnntstall', resembling the pounders wilh whieb Now Engiunders boat clothes iu a burrol. Salt is ndded during lho packing. When tho cnbbngo formoiits, it bocomos acid. Tho krnut-slnnd roinninsinthocollur; the con¬ tents not boing unpulntnblo when boiled witb the chines or riba of pork und potu- toos. Hut the smell of tho boiling krunt is very .strong, nnd thnt stomuch la probably atrong whicii rendily digeats the meal.
Our Dutch muke aoup iu vnrioty, nud pronounce the word short, botween stittp llllli Slip.   Thus thoro ia Dutch sup, potnlo und "noodle" (Xiidel) sup—which Inst
to Lancaster. She wore hoops, and-wsa of the'"world's people." ThoEwdmenaU spoke Datob: fortbe maidens, whose an- ceetois came here one hnhd^andtwenty
years ago, do not speak English with fiu- Jencyyet,
Stein?" "What shall I give thee, John Stamp?" "And thee, John Stiuger?" On one memorable occasion thoi • was mu- Uny In the field, Ibr. John Stein declared that he never, worked where there were not " Uckelin" cakes in harvest, nor would he now.  jKiJcWein proved to be cakes fried
sup, . , --.     	
is a treat. Nudels may be cnilod domestic mnccuroni, und I bavo soon a dish culled .lchiiielzt!/-nmlet.t. In which bita of fried brond woro Inid upon tbo piled up nndols —lo me unpnlnlnblo from the large quan¬ tity of eggs in the nndols.
AVo almost nlways find good bread ut our farm-houses. In trnvelling Ihrough Peunsylvaniu to Ohio, I concludod thnt Pennaylvania furniahed good bread muk- eia. New Y'ork good hulter'makei's, and lhat the two beat brond-mukors thnt I snw in Ohio wore from Luucuster county. We mnke the pot of "sots" (New Englund "einptlns") overnight, with boiled, nin-sli- cd potatoes, scnldod Ilour, nnd soinotimes hops, li'riday is bnklug duy, but iu the middlo of summer, whon mould nbnunds, we bake twice a weok. Tho Dutch house¬ wife is very fond of bnking in the brick oven, but tho scnrcity of wood will grndii- ully uccustom ua to the gront cooking- stove.
Wo keep one fire in winter. Thia ia in tho kitchen, which, with nici housekeepers, is tho nbodo of nentnoss, wilh its rng-cnrpot nnd briglitly polished stove. An ntijoining room or building is the wash-l|onae, whero butchering, aoup-mnking, etc., uro dono by tho help of a grout keltlu imng In the firo- plnco, not set in briok-work.
Adjoining tlio kitchen, 011 another side, is a stato apartment, also rag-carpet, unn eallod "rag room." Tho stove-pipe froii the kitchen .somotimoa pnsses througii the ceiling, und toinpors tho slooping-room of tho pnronts, Thoso nrrungememils uro not very favorable to bnthing in coldweutlior: iiidood, to wusli tho whole porson is not vory commou in summer, or winter. In the lallor -sonson, it ia uliuost never done in lown or couniry by tho Dutch.
Will you go np stuirs in a uoat Dutch furm house? Here ure rug-carpets again. Ga.y quilts are 011 tho best beds, whero greeii and red calico, porhnps in tho form of a bnsket, aro diapluycd on a white ground; or lho beds benr brilliant coverlets of red, whilo, and blue, as if to "make tho rash gazer wipe his eyo." Tho common pillow cusos nro soinotimes of bluo cheek, or of calico. Ill winter, peoplo ofteu sloop un¬ dor fenthor-coveis, not so heavy ns u fontli- er-bed. In the apring thero ia a great washing of bodclolhes, nnd thon the blniik- ota uru washed, whicli, during winter, sup¬ plied lhu placo of shoots.
nOLIUAYS.
I wns aiiling uloue, one Chriatmaa time, when the door opened nud there entered soino half-dozen youtha or men, who fright¬ ened me ao Ibnt I slipped out at the door. They, being thus alone, and not intending furilior liuini, nt once lert. Theso, I sup- nose, wore Christmus mnimuors, though f lieurd thom culled "Bell-scjinickel.''
At unother time, ns I wns sitting with my liltlo boy. Aunt Sully (¦nitie in aiqlling nnd my.sleriona, and took hor plnco by the stove. Iiiiniediatoly nlier, there onte'rod n niiiii in disguise, who very iiiuoh nlnrnied my little Ilnn.
The slrungorthrewdown nuts and cakes, und, when somo ono oll'orod to pick them up, struck nt h"u wilh n rod, This wius the reul Holl-schnickol, porsonnlod b" tho farmer. I prosil rno thut ho ought to t.irow down his store of nice Ihings for lho gnod cliildren, and strike the bud ones with his whip. Pelziiickol is tho bonrdod Nicholas who ptlnislios bnd onea; wborena Kriss- kriiiglo is the Chriatkindletu, who rewards good childron.
On Christilins morning wo cry, "Christ- ninsgill!" nnd not ns olsowhero, "A merry Chriatnins I" Christmus is a dny when Iiooplo do not work, but go lo meeting, whon roust turkey and mince pica nro in order, nnd when llio Diitoh wile hna storo of cnkos on hand to give lo tho littlo folks.
Wo still hour of burring out nt Christmus. Tho pupils fusion thoiiisolvos in thoscbool- houso, nnd koop lho toucher o.ut to ubtalu presents from hini.
The flrst of April, whieb onr neighbors gonornlly onll Api'ilo, is a groat occasion. This is tho opening of the funning your.- The tenunt funner and otber "routers" move to tlioir now homos, nnd intereat money and other debta nro duo; aud ao much money changea bunds iu Tjuucastor, on tho first, thnt pickpockets nro ntti-nctod thilher, uuu tho unsuspicious Dutch fnrm- or someliines finds bimseif n loser.
The movings, on or nbont tho first, are mado festive oconaiona; neighbora young and old uro guthered; aomo bring wagons lo trnnaport farm utenails and furniture, others assLst in driving cattle, put furniture in its placo, and set up bedsteads; while the womon nre rendy to help prepare tbe bountiful menl. Attiiis fonat I huvo bonrd a worthy tenant farmer say, ''Now belp yonrselvps, ns you did out there" (with the goods).
Tho Mondny after Whitsuntide, which comes eurly in June, ia a great noliday with tbe young Dutch folk. It occurs when thero ia a lull in furm-work, betweena orn- planting nnd hay-making. Now the new sunimor bonnets are all in demand, and the taverns are found full of youths and girls, who sometimes walk tho slreet hand- in-hund, eat cakes and drink beer, or visit the " flying horses." A number of seats are arranged around a central pole, and, a pair taking each seat, the whole revolves by the work of a horse, and you can have a circular ride for six cents.
On the Fourth of July wo are generally at work in the harvest-field.   Several of
^oharoh Jhthe'raoniivgrand iitjaiet for the restof the day; and as for pampkfn- pies, we do not greatly fancy them. Raisin- pie, or raince-pie, we oan enjoy.
The laat nigbt ofOctober is ' HsUow-eve.' 1 was in liancaster last Hallow-eve, and the boya were ringing door-bella, carrying away door-atepa, throwing corn at the windows, or running off with au unguard¬ ed wagon. I heard of one or two young- atera wbo had requested an afternoonboli- day to go to churoh, but who had spent their time in going out of town to steal coru for this occaaion. In tho country, farm- gates are taken from their hinges, and re¬ moved, aud itwas formerly a favorite boy¬ ish amusement to take a wagon to pieces, and aftor carrying the parta up to the barn- loft, to put it together again, taus obliging tho owner to tako it apart aud bring it down. Such tricks as described by Burrs in tbo poem of "Hallow-e'en" may bo heard ol occasionally, perpolraled perhaps by tbo Scotch-Irish element in our popu'a-
PUBtlO SCHOOLS.
About twenty yenrs ago, I wns circula- tingnnnuti-shivery petition among womon, I curried it to the house of a neighboring farmer, a millor to boot, and w^oU to do. Hia wifo signed the petition {all women did not in thoso days), but she signed it wilh hor mark. I have understood that it is about twenty years siuce the school law was mado universal here, aud that our townsnip of Upper Leacock wanted to re¬ sist by litigation the establishment of pub¬ lic schools, but flnally decided otherwise* It is tho school tax tbat ia onerous. Within the last twentyyears a groat impotua haa boen given to educntioii by the estubliah- ment of the Couuty Superintendency ot Normnl Schools aud otTeuchera' Institutes. I thiuk it is within this timo thnt the Board of Directors mot, in an adjoining townahip, and, boing cnilod upon to voto by bullot, thoro were afterwarda found in the box several aiflbront ways of apelling the word
Attholnstlustitute, awortby voungman at tho blackboard wns lolling ttio toncbers how to mnko thoir puuils pronounce the word " did," which thoy inclined to call dt'l; und a yonng woman told rae that it is nocessury, when tenehlng in Berks connty, to prnctice sponking Dutch in order to make tho pupils undoratnnd their leaaons. It muat be rathor hard to hear and talk Dutch almoat conatantly, and then go to a achool whore tho toxt-booka aro Englisli.
Thoro is still an effort mude to bavo Gor¬ man taught in our public schools. Tbe reading of Germnn is considered a groat ncconipliahmont, nnd ono neceaaary in n candidnte for tho ministry; but the teacher ia gonornlly overburdened iu tbo winter with tho nceeiisary branches in a crowded, uugrndcd school. Our township geuerally luw school for seven months in tho year; sniiio townshipa hnvo only flvo; and iu Borka counly I have hourd of one having ouly four moutlia. Abont thirty-fl%-e dol¬ lars a montha is paid to loachors, mule nnd anilfoniHlo.
My little boy of sovon began to got to pub¬ Uc school this fnll. For a while I would hoar him repeat such expreaaiona as " Che, double o, t, eood, (meaning good) " P-i-g, pick." " Kreat A, littlo A, pouncing P," " I don't liko chincherpread." Evon among our Dutch pooplo of more culture, e^c-/i is hoard for aitch ( H), nnd it ia a relic of oar¬ ly training.
The atandard of ourcounty superintend- out is high, and bis examinntion sovoro. Hia salary is abont 51,700. Where there is so much wealth as liere, it soonia almoat \ impossible lhat lenrning should not follow ns.soon ns lho minds of lho poople nro turn¬ ed towurds it; but tbo groat four of mnk¬ ing their childron " luzv', opornles ngnlnst -sending tbom to school. Induatrioua linb- its will oortninly tend more to tbe pecunia¬ ry .success of the farmer thnn the "nrtof writing nnd sponkingthe English Innguago correctly."
JIAXKEKS ASD CUSTO.MS.
My denr old "Eugli-sb" frieud, Daniel
G bnd often been nsked lo abiy nnd
eut witb John IS , nnd on ouo occa¬ sion he concli'ded to accept tbe invitntion. Thoy went to the tuble, nud had a silent puuso; thon John cut up tbe ment, nnd tho workmen und members of the fumily euch put in a Ibrk nnd helped himaelf. Tbo gneat wna diaoomfitod, nud, finding hnt ho wns likely to loae his dinner olher¬ wiso, he followed thoir example. Tho in¬ vitntion to ont had covered the wholo. When the guests nro prosont, mnny any, "Now, help youraelvos," but thoy do not uso vuin repetitions, ua the cily peoplo do. Cofl'ee is still drnnk three times n duy iu some f.imilios, but frequently without au¬ gur. Tho siignr-bowl sbinds on the tublo, wilh spoons therein for thoso wbo wnnt sugar, but at our Into " home commlng" pnrty, I believe that I wns tho ouly ouo nt the tnblo who took sugur. The dishes of smenr-oase, molasea, apple-butter, oct, aro nut alwuya suppUed with spoons, li'o dip in our knives, and wilh tlio sume uaeful implomout convey the food to our moulha. Does tbe oppoailo oxlremo prevail umong the fnrmorfi of Mnssuchusotta ? Do they nl¬ wnys eut with their forka, nud uso nap- klna? Thosu who onl wilb John Stein, John Stump, nnd .Tohn Stingerwill bolike- ly to nccomodnte thoir babila to thoae of tho Johns.
On mnny busy furm occasions, tbo wom¬ an of the houso will flnd it more oonvoni- ont to let the men ent flrst—lo got tho bur- don of tho hnrvest dinner off bor mind nnd handa, and then ait down wilh her daugh¬ tera, her " mnid," nnd littlo children, lo their own repust. But tho nllowing to tho men lhe conatunt privilogo of enling flrst hus pnssed uwny, if, indeed, it ever prevnil- od. At funeral fensts tho old men nnd wo¬ men sit down flrst, willi the monrningfam- ily. Then succeed the seoond, third, and fourth tables.
Wo Lnncaster Duoth are alwavs striving to seize Time's forelock. We rise, oven in lho winter, aliout Ibur, food tho slock while the woiuen get breakfust, eat brenkfnst in the short days by coal-oil lumps or tallow candles, and by daylight are ready for the operutlona of tho day. Tho English folks and tho backsliding Dutcli cry out whon thoy benr their neighbors blow the boru or ring tlio bell for dinner. Ou a recent pleas¬ ant Ootober day, the farmer's wifo wus churning out of doors, and cried, " Why, there's the dinner bells a'ready. • Mercy days 1" I went in to the clock, and fouud it ut twenty minulea of eleven. The Dutch furmors almoat invariably Iseep lUeir time hulfanhouror more aUoad, like thnt vil¬ lngo of Cornwall, whoro it was la o'clock, but bnlf-pnat oloven to tho rest of tho world. Qur Dutob aro not soou running to catch a railroad train.
We nro not a total-ubatlnonoe peoplo. Be¬ fore those tiiuoa of bigh prices, liquor wns often fnriiishod to hunds in lho Imrvost fleld
A few venrs ngo a meeting wns hold in a noighbofingscllool-house,l() discuss a pro¬ hibitory liquor law. After various speech¬ es, tho queslion wus pul to tbo voto thna: " All those who wnnt loavo to drink whis¬ ky will plonso to rise." "Now, nil thoso who don't wnnt to drink whisky will riae." The nfllnnutive had n decided mnjority.
Work isu cnrdinul virtue with tho Dutch- iiinn. " Uo is luzy," is a vory onprolirlous remnrk. At the quilting, when I wns try¬ ing to lake nut due of the sorowa, Katy Grolf, who is sixty-flve, oxclnimod! " How Inzy I mn, not In bo bolpiiig you I" " Wio ich bin faul,"
Mnrriagea anmotimes take plnco botwoou tbo two nalioiuditios; hull donot think tho Dntoh farmers dosiro English wives for their sons unlesa the wives aro decid¬ edly rich. On the other hnnd, I honrd of an English fanner's counselling his son lo seek a Dutch wifo. When the aon bad wood nnd won bia subst-iutiul bride, " Now, ho will seo whnt good cooking is," snid u Dutch girl lo mo. I w:ui surprised at tlie roinnrk, for his mother wns nn excollout housekeopor.
Tho circna is tho fiivorito amusomonts of our pooplo. Lnncnster papers ofton com¬ plain of lho slender nttondnnco -KlxXch is bestowed upon locturoa, nnd theliko. Even theutricnl performances aro found " slow," coinpnrod wltb the fonts of tho ring.
Our Dutch use a freedom of language that is not knowu to the English, and which to them savors of coaraoness. "But they menu no hnrm by it," suys one of my En¬ glish frienda. Itis diflicult to prnctice ro- sorve, where the wholo family sit in ono hented room.. 'This rich limeatone laud iu which the Dutch doUght ia uearly level to an eyo trained among billa. Dobdlamake IV people moro pootioal or imaginative?
Perhapa ao, but thero is vulgarity too among the hills.—jl«an(ic Monthly.
*In a recent paper I flnd thla statement: ""West Coealieo did not uutll recently accept the provlFlona of tUo General Sehooi Law of the Slate." ^^^^^^^^^^^^
A little urchin, seven or eight years old. In one of our shools where a Miss Blodgett was teacher, composed at pray¬ er lime tbo following, and wrote It on his slate, to thc great amusement of the bovs:
'•' A Hit'e mouse ran np the stairs, To hoar Miss Blodgett say her prayers."
The teacher discovered the rhyme, and called out the culprit. For a pun¬ ishment, ahe gave him his ohoioe, to make another rhyme in flve minutes, or be whipped. So, after thinkiug and blinking; and scratching his head till his time was nearly out, and the teacher raised the stick in a threatening man¬ ner, at the last moment he exclaimed: " Hero I Bland before Miss Blodgett, She'a going toatrlkeandl'm going to dodge It."
It is stated that young ladies make the best telegraph operators during a thunder storm, inasmuch as none have yet beeu fonnd who are afraid of the electric sparks—"or any ptherman.''.
Strange,;as it may .seem to say so, it is nevertheless a fact tbat when black¬ berries are green they are red.
tbe undersigned, r.. =,.-,: J. Jfe'.MATEB. West Eampater township, D. K. HERR, aepi-Gt .  atraabarg township.
ADnUMBTBATOH'H NOTJlGE.
Estate of John Weaver Sen., Iate of West Lampeter township, I an¬ easter county, dec'd. T ETTERS of administration on said estato Xj baving been granted to tho underaigned, all persons indebied Ihereto, are requestod lo moke Immediate payment and tboae having olalmsor domands againat the samo, will pre¬ sent them without delay for sottlomentto the undersigned,.
MABTIN 'WEAVER, E. Lampeter townahlp, JOHN K. WEAVER. FRANK J. 'WEAVER, yf. Lampeter township, sepl-Ot Administrators.
ADHINUI'RATOB'S NOTICE.
Estate of  Fredrick Sener, late of the city of Philadelphia, dee'd.
LETTERS or ndmlnlstrutlou on said ostnte having been granted lo tfe^ uudersigned, all persous Indebtod tberelo arerequesled to make Immediate settlement, nud those having claims or demauds against tue same, will pre¬ sent tbem without delas" for settlement lo the undersigned.
JOHN F. SEHNER, Adm'r nepl Cl*J Laucastei', Pa.
ADMINISTBAl'ORS' NOTICE.
Estate of Everhart Weaver, late of Up-
 per Leacock twp., deceased.
ETTBRa of administration on said estaU haviug been trrauted to the undersigned, oil
f'ersona indebted therelo are requested to mulce mmedinte payment, nud thoso having claims ordoiuaiids against thesame willpreaent them withoul delay for seltlement to tbounderslgn ed. JOHN WEAVER,
In Upper Leacock twp.,
JOSEPH CONARD, In East Lnmpeter twp., nug21-(ll) Administrators.
EXECUTOR'S NOTICE.
Eatate of Catharine Eichelberger, late of the city of Lanctster, dec'd.
LETTERS testamentary on said eslale hav¬ ing beeu granted to tUo uuderslKned, atl f'eruuus Indebtod thereto are reqnesled to mnke U]medlatesettleinonl,aud those havingclalms or demands ngainst the same will preseut them without delay for settlement to lhe uu¬ dorsigned, resldlur' lu said cily.
lii'.OKGE D. .SPRECHER. sep21-Ct 15 Executor.
EXECUTOK'S NOTICE.
Estate of Henry Myers, late of West Earl to%vnship, deceased.
LETTERS testamentary on said estalo hav¬ ing been grauted lo the undersigned, all fiei'Sonsindebled therelo are requested to raake in]neiIialosettlemenl,andtbo3ehaTingclalms ordemands ngainst the same will presenl theiu forsettlement lothe undersigned.
SAMUEL S. MYERS,
in Upper Lencock twp. JOHN .9. MYERS, aept 22-C*l-J5 iu 'West Eflrl township.
EXECUTORS' NOTICE.
Estate of Elizabeth Leaman, late of West Lainpeter towuship, deed.
IETTERSTeslnmentaryon said estnte linv- jiug heen grauted 10 lhe uudersigned, nil Fiersons Indebted t.ierelonre requested lo mnke mmedlnte payment, and those Uir/lng claims or demands ngnlnst tiie same will preseut them for settlemont lo tho undersigned, re¬ siding iu said township.
ABRAHAM LEAMAN. sepl5-Cl*4l Executor.
EXECCTOU'S NOTICE.
Estate of Hawthorn Freeland, late of
Strasburg Borough, Lancaster
county, deceased.
LETT E BS testamentary on thc last will of said deceased having beeu granted lo lho undersigned, all persons Indebtod tiieroto are requested to make Immcdlnte settlement, nud those having claims or deiiinuds ngain.Ht the same, will 'jresenl tliem without delny for settlement uo tho uudersigued, residing iu Paradiae township.
JOHN a. FREELAND, sepl'J-Ct*ll E.tecutor.
EXECUTORS' NOTICE.
Estate of Rev. E. H. Thomas, late of Lancaster City, deceased.
I ETTERS testamentary on said estate i buvluglbeeu gianted 10 the undersigned, nil persons indebted thereto, are requested to muke immedinto payment, and those having claims or demnnds against the sarae, will pre¬ sent thera wlthoutdelay for settlemeut to the uudersigned, residing in snld city,
ROBERT H. THOM.VS, seplS-Gtil Executor.
AUniTOR-S NOTICE.
Estate of Ottomer S. Eckert,  late of Leacock twp., Lancaster co., dec'd.
THEundersigned Auditor, appointed to dL-i- Irlbule Lhe balance remaining lu the hnnds of Isnao Itnlr, udmiuislrutor of .snld decased, lo nud nmoug tliose legnllj- ontltled to Iho snme, will ntlund for that purposo ou FRI¬ DAY, the ¦/¦;ud day ol OCrOUEft. iSC!), nt two o'clock. P. M.. In the Library rfooin of the CourtHouse, in the cityof Lnncaster, where nil persons inleresied iu said distributiou may atlend. I'HILIP B. BAKER.
sepl8-It Auditor.
AUUITOR'S NOTICE.
Iu the Coui't of Cominon Pleas of Laucaster Couuiy: JouN 1). SenseNIO   "i Vend. E-'wDs. to .\ug,T.
vs. - l.Sli'.l.    No. ,111.
UiKAJt L.Tuoupsox.J    E.'secnllon Docket.
THE uudersigned Auditor, npiwinted to dis¬ tribute the money isikl iulo Court ou liie above oxecuiion, will sit for tliut purpose ou THURSDAY, OCXOBEit llth, iWJ. nt 10 o'clock, n.ra., in tho Llbrury Room oftbe Court Housi*. in the City of Lnncnster, Pa,, wbere all persons luterestou iu said dislribution mny atlend. N. E. SL.AyMAKEa. JR„ sepS-It Auditor.
AUDITORS' NOTICE.
Estate of Christian Groll", late of Mt. Joy towuship, deceased.
THE uudersigned audltors.nppointed lo pass upon Exceptions and to distribute the bal¬ nnce remninlng in tho hands of Beujamin Grolf and Samuel Eby, admiuistrators of Christinn Groff, dec'd, to and amoug tboso le¬ gully entitled to tbe samo, will attend for that purposo ou Friday, October ISth, 1869, at 10 o'clock, A. M., in tbe Library Room of the Court House, iu lbe City of Lancaster, Pa., where all persons interested in said distri¬ bution may attend,
J,'W, P. SWIFT, REUBEN H, LONG, SI.MON V. EUy, spp22-l5   AriUIor.s.
NOTICE.
In the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster Counly:
Stcpuek F. E.\0I-E   1
v.i. Vend. Ex. to August
A. .1. HINDERMYER.    V   Term, 18(W.    No. il.
MATIIIAS AiAAQ &        Execution Docket.
Isaiah Mati.ack. | j mHE undersigned Auditors, nppolnted to dls- Xlributellie mouey paid inlo Oourt ou the nbnveexpcutlon, wlUsIt for that purpose nn TUESDAY, OCTOBER Stb, 1S69, at Jo'elock, f. M., in tiie Library Room of tho Court Houso, in the city of Lnnensler, Pa,
E. H, YUNDT.
a. j. eberly, d.p.kosenmIllbr,
sepi-41 Audilors._
NOTICE,
To the Heirs and Legal Keprcseu tati ves
of Davis Gyger, late of Strasburg
twp., Lancaster co., dec'd.
YOU are hereby notifled lo be nnd nppear in tlie Orphans' Court of LancaaterCounly.to be held ou ilONDAY, the IStll day ofOCTOBfiR, 18U9. ftl 10 o'clock, a, in., to accept or refuso to ¦accept lho Reul i!i,lalo of Davis Gyger, dec'd, ul the vnlnatlon thereof mude by an Inquest held thereon, and contlrmed by said Court, or show cause why lho saiiio should notbe sold nccordlng In law, J. F, FREY, Sherlir.
SheriU's Offlce, Lancaster, Sept. •£!, IWS.
sop'35 -It -I.'j
IN THE MATl'EH OF "BBLLEVIIK 1>RE.H- UYTEKIAN CHURCH, IN SALISBURY TO^WNSHIP. LANCASTEB COUNTY."
Iuthe Court of Conimon Pleas of Lancaster Couuty. Augnst 21, ISUS,—Application mmlo by J. B. Livingston, esq,, for a cliarler to incor¬ porate tho " Bellevue Presbyterian Church, 1 u Salisbury Towusiiip, Lnucaslor Couuiy." The proposed charter ia flled lu the Prolhountury's Ofiice, ttt Lancaster, and notice is hereliy given that if sumcient cause to the coutrary bo not shown, .said charter w''l bo grauted by the Court, on tho :iD MONDAY IN OCTOBER, A. D.ISO!). Atteat: W. L. HEAR,
aep ISll -li ProLlionoUiry.
BANKRUPT NOTICE.
In the Dislrict Court of tho'I Unlled States forthe Enst'n ^lu Bankruptcy. District of reuusylvauia.   J
In the matter ot JOHN II. GROSS. Bankrupt: -\t0TICE Is bereby given thot tiiere will be a l^l secoud meeting of Uio creditors of said Bankrupt held at Lancaster, in said district, oa the l.^i day of OCTTOBER, A, D., ISOU, al 2 o'clock, P, M„ at theoliiceof Amos Slaymaker, Esq., one of the Register in Bankruptcy in said dislrict for tlie purposes named in the 27th and asth section of tho Act of Congress, entitled "Au Aotto estabilsli a uul form sys¬ tem of Bitnkrnptcy Ibrougbont the United Slates." Approved March 3, ISK. sept a.* 3l»-I.-i  D. 0.3ESHLEMAN, A.sslgnce,
HSBBING'S
PATENT   CHAMPION
Fire  and  Barglar Proof
SAFES!
(With Dry Filling,)
Awarded the Prize Medals at World's Fair. Ixindou, World's Fair, New York, Ex¬ position Universelle, Paris.
FARREL,  HERRING  & CO., S9 Chestnut Street,
I,-
PHILADELPHIA.
HABVEY QILTJIM, CHAS. MATHEWS, GEO. W. MYEKS,
Herring, Farrel & Sherman, New York.
Herring & Co., Chicago.
Herring, Farrel 4 Co., New Orleans.
Moro than 30,000 HERRING'S SAFES have been and are now in use; and over COO hnve paased through accidental flre, preserving their contenta in some Inatancea where many others tailed.
Second-hand Safes of our own and oUiei makers liaving_been received in port pay for tba Imptovek] Herring's Patent Champion, for aaleatlowprtces.  laoa-ao-ly-ffl
OAI^E Blua of every description printed (3 ac this offlee, at abort notice'and on reason¬ able temui
till -...iij: i^'ijoar.;.,.-    .¦.,
'' '-A raejgc Kailway -
$6,500,000.
WE beg leave to annonnce that we have accepted tho agency of the
'Kansas Pacifle Railway Co.,
For the sale of its
NEW SEVEN PER CENT.
Thirty-Year Gold Loan, free from Tax.
This loan amounts to 86,500,000
F'lrst Mortgage Land-Grant and S'mk- ing Fund Bonds,
secured upon tbe extension of the rallwny from near Sheridan, in Knnsns, to Donvcr, Colorado, a distance of 237 miles, of wblcll Vi miles are completed, and the rest Is undor construction. It is also a Mortgage upou the Road, thc Rolliug Slock nnd Franchise of this flrst-class railway, beaides now rnnnlu; through the .Slnto of Kansas, and
In Successful Operation for 437 Miles
west of theMissourl rlver.nudonrnlng already enough to meet uU of its exponsus nnd exist¬ ing obligations, besides
More than thc Interesi upon this Nam Loan
Iu addition to this, tbo Bonds are also se¬ cured by a lirsl mortgnge of lbe
GOVERNMENT LAND GRANT OP TIIREE MILLION ACRKS,
extending In allornatc sections ou either side of the track, from the .'lOitli mllo imst In Kan¬ sas to Denver. The proceeds <if the sale of tiiese lands are lo be invested liy llio Trnstees lu tho 7 per ceut. Bonds themselves, np to 120, or in U. S. Uonds, us
ASINiaNGPUNDFORTHE REDEMPTION OF THE BONDS.
The lands embrace someof the flnest por¬ tions of llie mngnlflcenlTerrltory or(*oli»rndo, includinga coai fleld nud pinery. The Coni¬ pany also holds as nu asset uiiolbor li-aclof
TIIREE llIII,I.IONS OF A<?RES IN TIIE .STATE OP K.\NSAN,
nnd allliongh not pledged as asfcurity for tills loan.their pu.>iso.sslon adds largely to the i:oiii- pauy's wealth and credll.   Woestiinule the
VALUE OP THB COMPANY'S PROPERTY,
C0\T5RED RY THIS MORTOAOE, .Vl'
823.000,000 N ET. W HI LE Tl IE
LOAN IS MERELY !(i,,''A»),«i(i.
Tho Bonds have
THIRTY TTEARS TO RUN,
from May 1,1809, and will pny
Seven per cent. Interest In Gold
senii-nnnually, on May 1st nnd November 1st, nnd nre
Free from Governmenl Taxalion,
the Company paying the tax.
Tho PRTNCIPATj of tbe Loan is made PAY¬ ABLE IN UOLD in tho City ol New York, bul each CoupouwlII be
PAY-ABLE IN FHANKFOIIT, LONDON OR NEW YORK,
at option of llie holder, witlioul nolico, nt the following rates:
On SI.IWO Boiid in N. Y'ork.KHtgoldJench hlfyr •*       "     Londou,     £7 5s]ltd ••    ",
"       "     Fmnklort, S7 Ur. 30 krtz *'.    *•
The Ageuts ofthe Loan, beforo accepting the trnsl. bau the condition of the road, nnil the country through wblcll It runs, carefully ex- .nmlned. 'i'lieynre hnppy lo give tho Lonn un omphalic endorsement ns n
FIRST-CrASS   IIST^ESTBIENT,
in every respect perfectly suro, and in some essentials even
Better tliau Oovcruuicut Securities.
The Bonds will be sold for thc present at
96,  AND  ACCRUED  INTEREST,
Both in Currency,
the Agenls reservlu" rate.
lho riglil to .ndvnncD the
Tho nttention ofinvestors Is invited lotiiese well-secnrod Bonds, wlilch we recoiuiueud as oneof the most profltable investments iu the murket.
Gold nnd Government Securilics Inkon in payment at their mnrkot value, wilho'ut com¬ missions.
Pumpblets, wllll innps giving fnll informa¬ tion, sent ou uppllcaliou.
DABNEY, MORGAX & CO., No. .'S3 Exchange Place, New York.
M. K. JESUP & CO.,
Ko. la Pine Street, Now York. llg I Ilm
Kedtanics' Bank,
No. 36   North   Queen   Street,
(INaUIRER BUILDING,)
•beam ts
UNITED STATES BONDS,   STOCKS, GOLD,
SILVER AND COUPONS.
Drafts G iven on all the Principal Cities.
COLLECTIONS MADE PROMPTLY
INTEREST PAID ON DEPOSITS.
JOHN M. .STEHMAN, JOSEPH CLAHIiSON, SAiMUEL SLOKOM, Bankers as Slelimnn, Clarkson Jt Co. oar 21 liin-lil
BANK INO IIOVSE OF
Beed, McGranu Jk Co.
Dealers ia nil kindsof Government BoiuLs*.
Buy and sell Railroad Bonds nnd Stock ol every description; also.Oold, Silverauel Unit¬ ed Stales Coupous.
Union Pacitic Railroad Bouds bought and soid.   Bouds on linnd ready lo deliver.
Passage Cerllflcates to and from the Old Country, for salo; nlso. Drafts on Dublin, London, Paris, or any other City In Kurope.
PAY INTEREST ON DEPOSIT.?.
Omos. ,'> percent,
'"        (lm-10
I mo. 4 percent :t ••   4y      "
1^
Williamsport. €Uy ISoimIh Snlc,
WF aro authorized to olfer for sale 11 limi¬ ted uuinber of tho Uinuls oi thf Cliy of WilUaiuKport at 85 por ceut., iiicUuUug ac¬ crued Interest.
These bonds Iiave bee" l.s.sned by tho City ol AVlIllamKporL.Iu denuminulionsuf Sl.UOO each, bearlnK BOini-anniml ciiupons ul. tbo nit*? of six per ceut. per unuuia. payable In New York on Hic IstofMareh ami IsLofHepleiubur.
TheHe bonds nre exempt from all ninniclniil taxation, and with the interest accrued to Ihis dnle, will cost bul !i3, beside tlie protlt nt IT;;; percent, that will enure tothe holdiTat their niaturltv. UAIK A SJIENK,
feblfO-tr-H Hankers.
Sonth AVater St., Lam^aster CHy, Ta.
Manufaclurer ofall Iclnds of WOOLEN IIALP-WOOLEN AND (-'OTTON
COVERT.ETSI
BLANICETS & BALMORAL SKIRTS,
HIIIT£, irOSfEY-COMB AN1>
IKAIWEII^LEM 4;OrXTKBI*AN}:.S,
r^rge size, of every description.
H0ME-3\IA»E AND   INGRAIN  CAUPETS
Kept ou imnd and made to order.
•WOOLEN, LINEN A COTTON VAUNS
Of every description, flne or coarse, ofthc best quality, coustanlly kept on hand.
SCOmtlNG and COLORING of all kinds, Kuch as Silk, Cotton und Wouieu Goods, for Men's, Ladles'and Children's Clotblng, done at fihort notice.   Goods dyed Indigo Bine.
Small or lai^o quantities of Wool takeu in exchange for goods or purchased for cash.
'OES- Cash paid for good Carpet Rags and Ta¬ per Kags. inayJ2-(im-:i;
KRAATZ'S
IHPBOV£I> POKTABLE CA.ST IKON
Turbine Water ^Vliecl,
I^OMBINING great economy In the u.se o yj water, simplicity, durability and genera adaptation to all positions iu which water cau be used as ft motive power.
The nudersigned are prepared to fnrnish nnd Warraut the same to give more power than TWELVE FEET OVKIWHOT OB OTHER TURBINE WHEELS made, using the same amonnt of water. These wheels have been tested in nearly all parts of the state of Penn¬ sylvania, and have never failed to prove their Buperlonly. _      „    .,
ROYER A KRAATZ. Manufacturers. Ephrata, Lancaster county, pn,
N. B.-We are also prepared to flll all orders for MILl. GEARINGS, PULLEYS, SHAFT¬ INGS, and every description of castings at short notice.
fla..Repalra of all kinds attended to wltb pnnctnaUty. lap 1-t octl '2U
Xiancoster Woolen Iflills.
THE subscribers keep constantly on haud al. their WOOLEN MiIlS, North Prince street, above Chestnnt, a general assortmeut of CLOTH, SATINET.
FLANNEL. :tfLANKETS, • BTOUKINQ.YARN,
CARPET CHAIN, Afe. Which they wfU sell for CASH or t-icbango for WOOL. my8-tf-25 GEORGE LEVAN A CO.
PIRE & LIFE IN3PRANCE
AlUKRICA^i
I-ife Insnrance Company
OF PHIADELPHIA, S. E. cor. Fourtli aud Walnut Strcplf--.
INCOME FOB ISfiS.
SI,1XH>5»0.1!0;
THE AiMKllTCAN
OfTors low r.iles of premium. It olfers more Insurance f«irlhesnme money tl". other companies. JtiKaliome Companv.
lis Policies are AI.L NON-FOUFEITAP'I'i:. -ears^^'*"* '*^*^'l>*>'*cies at death, or the age ol .in
1,?^}^"^ HEDUCING-PIIRMJU.M PLAN, lho ¦i^y^'',*?".^'? V.''^ largest premium the IJr.^r ye.-r-whIchisthesftnieaspaidonibeiiiu(u:il- ordinary-ilfe-plan-and each snbscquenl. y.-:ir I Is less and less, and at tho end of -Ji v.-ar^ becomes paid up-an.I thereafter a p.Tinan.-i.l eliiim on the Company.
On Ibe RETURN-PREMIUM PLAN, lliii in¬ sured is credited annually with all liuh:i.sp;ii.l lotbe Company,so Ibat his insuninet; i:o.^i-; only (iie inlereston lhcamouiiL<< puld hi.
OntheINCOME-PR(M)l7CIX(;i*LAX.tb)'iii- snredmjiy receive 10 per cent, oil lln- :iiin>iiiil of his poliey.
"Insure iu tlio Ameriean .Life."
ALEX   WiriLLIiIN, J. S. WILSO.V.
l'resia«:il. Si-crei:iry.
,,.   , 11. S. fJARA, A^enl,.
aug IS-If c,\y K. |-i„._,St., LaiiT-aslcr.
trOI.ir.lfRIA      INSIIItAN<rE     <'f>.1ll'.\.\V
JANUAUY 1, INKS.
CAPITAL .VND AKSiri'S, Sl,70K^.:7:.
TITIS Company contlnucK Io invure Hulld- lnj;.s Merchandise, aurl oilnir prnpi-rly. apiiiist. lo.ssand dama£;i- bvllrr.on Md! iiiii- Lual planeiliier lor ji iMsb'|»n.-iiiiuni i.r pr.- Hiiiini not<*.
EIGHTH   ANx7F.\L   IIFPOIIT. CAIMTAI. ANI* l.VCf.MH.
.¦\m'tof premium noius, SsCt.'.T.'iii::
JjCssamountuxpired *jHi,:ci!»;5>
 Sf;i7,::y;7;:
Cash roeelpls, lesscommi.ssious in'(;7 lai.Ti:: i::
Loans  I(i,(Hi.n.;i
llut! from U!j;f'Ul.sau(l otln-rs  Ijci j::
K.stlmated netasst?ssineiil No.7  'Ji.iNHiiwl
;7.jl,l-M!i'f CONTItA.
Losses and expenses paid in ISf^T     rr'.~-s2V--
Losses adjust»ftl, not due     Iti/tiiti i::
Biil.'tni'o t>r (Capital und Assris .hm. 1, IStW  i.li7<'.s:!'J It:
57.". I. J:;'tif
A.S.uim:i:n', i*iv>i<i. 111.
OKonfa-; VouNG.jr., Secretary. MlCllAKl. S. SUIJMAN, Tn'a.-^urer.
DIlU';C'J'(.)It.s:
It. T. Ryon, John l-'etuirich, U.O. Minich, S:iniuel i-*, Eberloln AmosS. Green. Hiram WUson
Willlaui Patton. .lohu W.Sfracy, <Jt;i». youn-^.jr,
Nicbohis Mirlmiiahl .n»hn ]•. l!acbni:iii, , iinlifrl t'raiie,
Allchaeis. .Shunum. For insurance and othrrparliruhirsapply to IIKKIt A- UIKK. Real Estale. Colleclion & Insuramv Am-iiis, No.;;Norlh Dultesireel, Lnnca.stfr,
nov4 ir-.'.i
xoTicu TO rAR:trKn.s.
iHEattcntion of farmers Is eallod to lho I'.tl- lowinulow rates charged by the LAN<'AS- . j:tl CITY ANltCOPNTY I'I ItK I N'SIIUA .Ml'. COMPANY on Farm IJarns anil eonli-uls:
1 vr. '» viv.. BrickorStonc Barns. SO ft. or inoic
from bouse, perSHtO 'I'tc      7'-f
Frame Barus, -SH feet or morn frou; House, per SIOO :r«;   61 w
Contents at same rates,   liu'i.-iliui's uud (¦(in¬ tents alifu insured.
The ahove .Hystem will prove in Iho enii to be cheaper thau au insurance in niii tual companies. NO ASSlCSSMKNTS AUK MADE, and ample security is tjuiinnitci'd iri a well invesled capital of Slim.inhi. wbirb. i.i-;.-ili- er wilh a large surplus, is hfUl (or tUe i'Vt»if>-- tlon of those insuring iu tlice>»tuitauy. Lo.-si-.'l are settled as soon as adjii-iii-il—no uoni I" wnit uulil tbe mom-y is .-..Ib-t-Ii-d by as.-.--.-.- ments.   Ample funds on banil.
Tims. E. Franklin.
President. .lohn L. Alice, .M.l)., Jacob Bausman, George K. Reeil, F. Siirodcr,
jul 21-1 f
DIRECTOltS:
1:. 1'. Shonk.
Treasuror. II. rarpouier, M, \\, .i.yi. Frantz. A. K. Itnberl.s J.ihnC.IIafi.-r. !¦:. P.IIOWN, .<o<;rel:iiy. Lam-a^l.T.
A.   B.  KAUl'-^IAX,
AGENT FOII
The   Old   Coiiiicelioiii :tris<ual Iiirc IiiMiraitoe Company.
Surplus over    -    -    -    9--1,00(1,(100 fid.
ALLtheprodlsarc divided anioug the poli¬ cyholders. I The dividends are Ihe largesl of auy Llfo Insurance Company,
OKI.'ICE.NO. 1 EAST OKANGE .STPvEF.T.
juari:j.ir-17
LiueastL-r. Pa.
FOUNDRIES  & MECHANICS.
IfllLES 4fc AUXKK,
TIN AND SHEET-IRON WORKKi'^S
HAVE removed from No..*; WcsMiranye'.'^i. to No. 11^ West KIul; street, Lamvisl.r, Pa., wiiere thfy will haveeouslanilv on b.-iud a Urge varletyof TINWARE and Ilousekeoji- Ing Goods.
TIN AND SHEET-IRON WOIIK of all kind.-* promptly raade to <)rder, at moderate priois.
TIN ROOFING, SPOUTING A  KEPAIRINtJ
ofall kinds executed n t llie lowest cash
prices, andlu the best worUmaullke mauuer,
D. MILE.S. H. F. AUXKIt.
my 5 , tf-:;'.
CABUIAiSFS! C'AKICIACI^X!
Jfurket Street, rear of jnitUol Mtmj^cs,
LANCASTKlt, PA..
KKKPou hrtudand u^akotoordi- est, uealestaud mo
li.ap-
 .      t dunible wi.rk hi llio
murket, such as
.IIAKKIIT WA<iONS. :md
(-AIEUlA4:i:S
nf every description. Wr a l--ioict*opr..us(:iiiily on hand theflnestaud rho;(i.r.st.;issor(ui.-tjt ..<
Second-hand work in incCoumy.
REPAIRING prompliy altonded lo. ALL WOltK WAKK.VS'i'KIl. E.EDGEItLY, J..SI!A1M),
J. II. Nt»Ri:i:rK.
marti 'UD " raiiirl-ir
Cheap lis llic <Jioa|»vs( I
AMOS  MILEY hereby infonus   tlio pnblio that lie has now (ui baud a i'iiui|>b'ii-.'-i<'>'k of bis owu maiiufi -aure of
SADDLF-S. HARNI'^S. TIUI.N'K.S Ac.
Ue Hatters himself thai bis FANCY MAK- NESScannoLlm equal led byany osliiblishiofiit tn this eily, and bis prlcos :irf iii(Mlor;ite.
aS-RKPAIltl.N'G promiitly ;illond».d In.
Mr. Miley is also agent I'or
Bakcr-s IXool* TiiiBiiiieiil,
tho best nrtlrlc known ft^r^innrior or Saud crack, t.'orus. Thrush,Coui railed, I lard 01-1 Int¬ lie Hoofs. Ac, )ind for gi'uoral uso in plan- "I Stulling or Snaking. Asailn-snin>; fnr lln-nnl- Hide nf tht; Hoof ll has no supi-rinr. eA.(.'all und get il cireular,
AtA.MILKY'S
Saddle »fcHarness Mamifat'Un'v,
No.ar North liUoouSt.,U(;,'£l iln..r lo  Sbnbi'r Jlntol l..anc:isler. l':i.
kuank k. t.anoi.s, kzi:a f. t.anwis, jacoi*. h. lamms.
lCc3'HtoiiC  IITa<*1iiiio  IVorks,
EAST JAMKS STRICT-rr,
LANCASTEU CITY, Pa.
HAVINti removed nnr Works froui Cliesi- nut slreet to our now imiidintfs nn I-:;isf. .lames street, Wf would rosp<-oirulIy inlnrru the generous public t.luil \v\: anr imw prop:iri',l tnilo all kindof .Machine Wnrk wil liiIi.<p:iloh, sueb IUS .STATHINAUy Axn l»IHlTAItl-i:.STrA.>a
i:N4a.\i-:.s
ofany reiiuired power or tinisb,
MILL GE.VRIXG. SIIAITIN'*;. PULLKY-S
IRON A IJRAS.S CASTlNi:s, Ao.
AVo also manufaclnre a new and improvod
GRAIN THRESHER AND SKPARATUU. reciuiring le.ss jiower, and doiug mnre work iu ulictter nmuner than any nilior uuudilno in thecountry. The PELTON ItnttSK PUWEU, the bost iu the market; COltN PI.ANTKlts nnd Cb'LTIV.Vi'OItSnf a ne.vklnd; Farmers' PORTAltLE GKl.ST .MILL. Ae.
MODELS iifovory descripthm made tnoriic-r.
REPAIRING neatly dnne with despalcb.
Ca-sh I'ald for ohl Iron.
^ GIVE US A CALL.-5^
niiu,-3-t;s-Rmarl7J LANDTS & CO.
SAafL B. cox,  Wir. C. MCKEOWN, JACOU Ml I-KY
SAMUEL B. COX & CO.
Carriage   Uannfactiirers   aiuI Practical Mtickaiiics.
COttNHB DtIKE AND "ViSE ST3., LANCASTEB, I*A.
REEP constantly on hand nnd manufaetnro to order CAltRIAGI-S OF EVERY DES¬ CRIPTION, made of tlie hest inaterlyJs aud by experienced workmen.
Having beeu engaged iu liiDCarrlftgeinnklng businessforsomeyears.thev feci eoniidant that tliework mado by them will be found fully equallf not superior to any other made in tbo Siftte, either us to style,worlcjnauship or quality of materials, aud also  in  reasonablenesH of
Srlce.   They thorefore Invite tiiose in waut, of arriages, to givethem u call before purchas¬ ing elsewhere.
The following PREMIUMS have been award¬ ed to this establishment:—A premium by the Lancastercounty Falrof 1858iorBh;STSULKV: also, a Premium and Sliver Medal tor tbe Itl XT SHlFTI-'-'G-TOP BUGGY. A Silver Modal by the Historical Agriculturul and Mechanlcjd lu- stltute.inJune,l85!»; aud also bv the Kulmn Instltute,No/ember,lS5.<),forBKSTSIIlFTJNG- TOP BUGGY and TROTTING BUGGY.
All work mauufaeluredat thlsesmblishuient, is warranted.  Repairing of all kinds doue ou short uotlce.  SAMUEL K. COX A CO.
ASMALL IRON SAFE, Farrell A Tlorring's patent. In good order.   Win be .sold riio:7u. Applyto M. a ESIILK.MAN
Leamau Place P. O.. Lancaster 00.   I'a.
JOB  PKINTINO   executed wltb  uouIul and OlspulcU ut this olllce.