Lancaster Examiner and Herald

              TOL XLY.
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUAEY 11. 1871.
NO. 9.
EX^AISIIVKR A  HEBAX.V<
POBLISHED   EVEBTt -WEDNESDAT, At No. 6 nortb Qaean Straet, Lanouter, Fa.
TKRjr.S-»2.00 A TEAK IJf ADVASCB.
JOHN A. HIESTA>-D * E. SI. KLINE, Editors and P.roprletors.
MESSAGE
Ol-
kr.S KXCELI.F-XC'Y
JOHlSr ^V. QEA-RY,
OF
I'ENNSYLVANIA.
IkF.I.IVCKCD J.lXrAllY -I, IHTl.
'J'o tli,^.¦Semiteami Jfiittsco/Iiepre..:entittlei:-i of tlte Uommonieealtit of Tennsi/lvania .- (inNTLraiEX;—An -¦Vll-wisc Providence hits periiiiltoii you to :i.>;.'toinblo under eir- (•uinstances deiaunilin;; profound j^ratitudo u. the (.Jroat J.a\v;;ivor of tho Univer.=JC. our u<*knowled^iuents nre first due to Ilhu v.hiisc liand has uot grown weary hi .show¬ ering lilesshiKs in piofil.sion" upon tlie peo- phMii ovory departinont of Industry, auti .•r.iwning liiftir toil witii rioiiest rewards.
The fircuuistant^os under which ooni- iiionire the ihitit's oftlio present session are, liiilned, ausiiieions; nud at no forinor per- if<d in i>ur history has tliere been greater I'auso for felieitatiou upon the inestiinablo hU>S3ings wo enjoy, anil the happy and prosi>erous coiitlition of onr j^rt'jit and i:rowiii<r Couiinonwealtii.
The moetiujc of the tU'ilerai .\.s.s(;liil,ly is always a initllor of deep inlonwt ti> th'e j>enpie,'aiid perhiiiis never moro so lhan now, when an iinusttal ainount tif j;oneral le;;isiation will ticeupy yttiir attention, and • lue-slionstif the highest iinpttrlaiiee are to l»i' distnissed and tleterniined npon. 1 sirieerely trust your industry antl faitlifiil- ii<*ss. ill lite perforinanee'of "tho important work before ytiu. will win yon the proutl title t>f '* the workinjf Lei^islatlire."
.Vmitl siit'h i'ireiuitstaut.*es onr attentiou slKinltl bodireeted toa earoful review of all thfi most iuiporta'ut and ossential intere-sts t.r the .State, aud iu theexereiseof that dis- en^iou whieh lho (.'onstitution lia.s ,eonIiii- t^tl to the JCxooutivc, 1 proceeil lo et>uiinu- niealo sin:h iuforination, antl lo receoiu- luend lit yonreonsitleratiousnoli measures as are ileemed ueeessary ami expedient.
-Vs first iu ortler ami most important, I Hill present a carefully )ireiiarod and j)ro- fise statement of the llnaiurial eoluiilion t,f the (-oiunionwealth.
PIN.VXCKs.
Tt aflbrtls me pleasure to fon(-ratnlato the people upon the satisfat-tory tiondilion t»f the Treasurj*. Kvery demantl npon it for tn-tlinary anil othor expenses lias been promptly paid, and thepublic tiebt materi¬ ally reduced, wiiieh has inspiretl sui^h pub- lit: confidence iu the .seeuriiies of the Com¬ monweaUh as to cause them to trommand tho highest premiums in tho market. The tiporations of this department will be pre- >emoil to yim more fully and in dt^tail in Ihe reports of tho .-Vntlitor Otjiieral, State Treasurer, anti CXuninissionerstif (heSink¬ ing Funii. The following slateriient e.t- hibits tho receipts and disbursements for the lis.'al ye.^r ending November :',u, ISTO:
Itcccijit.t. liiilaiife in Treasnrv, Ni>vein-
ber:lU, ISfiy, §l,-l!iO,si;j -lO
tirdiiiory receipts during  tlio
liscal vear entling November
:;ii, 1870 il,:»l,iv:i:i 24
Total in Treasnrv durin<^ year ending November M, lS;u,...Sr,727,4.1.', 7.1 Ui.ibnr.\L-ment.i.
Ortlinary expenses |>aid during tho vear ending No¬ vember 30, 18Tu...§2,StW,S5i ii:(
l.t>ans, .tc., ro- tleemod  1,702.S70 Ifi
Interest on loans... I,Si;4,SU 77 Ttital  a,ai,i-i2 91
I'.alance in Tre.asurv, Xovem-
lierMl, IS70 SI,;!ft2,!H2 82
I'ltbUc Deht.
The publio dobt due on Nov. ao, 18C9, was $32,814,51!) 95
Deduct amount re¬ deemed by Sink¬ ing Fund Com¬ missioners tlur¬ ing llie fiscal year ending Nov. 30, 1370 ,S1,G02,321 31
Amouut redeemed bv Treas'r dur¬ ing .same time....    100,537 74 Tolal  1,702,670 O.'.
'J'olal  public dobt,   Nov. ."0,
1S70	
 j31,lll.r!Gl !I0
Tho following statement show.s the na¬ ture of the indebtedne.s3 of the Common- v.ealth, November 30,1S70;
Kuntled dobt, vi7.: -\mt.ofover-dualoaus...S 7tI7.ftjO :tl iloiiay'e,lS71.1nl.l'.P.cl.S-2,7lffl,K>l)llll
tio tlo l^7i 11 tlo ¦),-:!i,:ii)0 im
ilo do IST!!, r. tlo ie,iwi w
tlo dlt l^—, 11 do 7.S20,S010
>lo llo ISTT, -, tlo 3,577,700 00
tlo llo   i«r.-i.     r. llo     ;!i)r,,ooo iw
.III till 1S71I. ll do 400.000 00
.lo do 1S12. .". do l,ia).!loO Oil
do do ISS' 4i,-..|i> 112,0,10 1)0
do do ISC', 11 'do 11,-JM.Iia) IPO
 5:».i«7,7(« :ei
I'nfilnded dobt, viz:
Kellef note;! lu circula¬ tion _ 5   '.ij,:ii; Oil
Imore-st cenlllcates oiil- sUindlns      l:i.035 VI
Inlerest certllicolesun- eliUlilcd         4.-HS M
Domestic eredllors'riT- tlll.-ates  4.1 li:
 ii:;.iit;i 57
•iv.iiil pidillc tlel.l. >rov.:'AlS70.as   • nliiivtjstaliKl I..S3U11/.B-J 01
Jteiiiiclion oj tlie rublic Debt.
Oil lho fifteenth day of .January, lS.'i7, tho total indebtedness of tho State was thirtij- .it-fcnvtittioii seven iinntlrctt and 7iinc ttul- lars tintl smenti/sn-i-.n cents. Since then, and up to November 30, 1871), tho sum of six 7iiilliun jtL-e Itiinilrctt t'tntt llinctif-tuo thoitsaiiil seven linuitrctl antljorti/scven ttot- titrsantl ciijlitii-sei'.^ii cts.hiui beeu paiti. The reduction during the year onding Nov. 30, \^li,i^ one millionsct-cii liuitilrcil ttntl ttro l/ioitsantl citjht littntlretf ttntl sciicnti/-nine itiittars tiniljiveccnts.
Tho average "redutTtion perannum, for llie last four'years, is tme millitm six hiin- ilre.X ttntl forty-ctillit lli.iitsttn'i one Uuiiilrcil iiii.t.eiy/itil-scoen itollttis.
In viow ofthe fact thai prior lo ll.o llr.st of .Ully, 1&72, nearly eight millitm dollars oftbc'pnblicdeht will be ilue, andln or¬ tler Ihat the Commonwealth may continue itl meet all ita obligations promplly at ma- iiirity, I recommeud that such provision ¦ lie tn.ado by the Legislature, fts will author¬ ise tlio Commissioners of tiieSinkingl-'und to .sell all the assets that may be in their possession, and apply the procoetls to tho extinguishment of the debt; or, at the op¬ tion of tho liolders, to exchango theiu for the outstantling bonds of the Common¬ wealtli.
Tho Indebtetlness of the State might be paid iu tho following manner: As already showu, il was, on November :10, IS7b, about thirtv-ono million tiollars. from which amount, ifthe saitl assets, sO,.'iOO,000, be deducted, there would reiuaiu, unpaid *2I,000,eOO. After whieh, estimating the revenues and expenditures to continue as as at prttsenl. the entire liabilities of tho .State fonitl be liquidated in ahout eiglit yttars.
If this mode of paying the "Slate debt should bo regarded as'unnecessarily rapid and oppressive, then a movement to revise and modify taxation may meet with much more general favor. Our tlebt is uow holtl lirmly liy those lo whom it is a great bene¬ fit to" liavo so secure an investment. A ivrtaiii rctiutttioii of ono milliou tlollar per auiinni on it would, perhaps, be more satisfactory to them antl to the people, lhan to try to pay it off so hastily. luauou- ileavbr to force things under tho present modeof taxation, tbere is great danger of driving capital uway from our manufactur¬ ing centres The landholder has been ex¬ empt from taxes on his land for .Suite piir- en^ageti in mercantile, manufacturing, railroati and mining pursuits should be adopted. Uuless theso interests are fos- tttrotl antl kept in full operation, all classes tif the people will sailer. They are the very life-blootX of the .State, auti should not in any vay be chilled or impeded by over¬ burdening them witll taxation for lho im¬ mediate payment of tlio entlro Stale lia¬ bilities.
The foregoing recommendations, iu my opinion, embraces lho truo policv of the Commonwealth, and if adopted, will doubt¬ less receive a hearty response and endorse¬ ment from the people. Tho taxpayer.s de¬ mand tbat all their .social, industrial, eom¬ inercial and linaneial openitions shall be re¬ lieved from the burdens of any raoro taxa¬ tion than may bo necessarj'for tho gradual payment of the debt, as is last above indi¬ cated, and to defray tile frugal expenses of the administration of tlie government.— ICconomy and reform ahonld no longer bo advocated ils glittering generalties, or mere jibstractions, without meaning or intent, but as vital, living realities.
roNSTlTUTlOXAL COXVENTIOX.
i'our years' experience as an executive offlcer has given me abundant opportunity lor careful observation upon the workings of our fandamental law, and the legislation of the State. This experience has strongly impressed me that there ahould be a thor¬ ough revision of the State Constitution, with such amendments as the wisdom of a convention assembled for that purpose would nndoabteilly suggest, and an on- lightened public senUment demand, poses, and the burden shifted upon the ac¬ tive, energetic and enterprising portions of
the commtmity, who have always had their fall share to bear. The ftrmer Is at ease and ruoa no riak; whilst the busines man, merchant and manuiiuiturer are the mo. tive power ofthe oommunity, upon which the firmer himself must, in a great meas¬ nre depend for a realization ofhis Indus¬ try.  A more liberal policy towards those
The authority for holding suoh conven¬ tion is found In the seoond'^ section ofthe ninth article ofthe Constitution and is de¬ clared in these words: *' That all power is Inherent In tiie people, and all free govern¬ ments are founded on their anthori^, and InsUtuted for their peace, safety, and hap- pine-sa. For the advancement of these entis, they have, at all timea, an unalienable and Indefea-sible right to alter, reform or abolish •tlieir government, in such manner as they may tulnk proper."
Tho last Conveution for this purpose was held in 1833. Iluring tho thirty-two j-eara which have since elapsed, sundry amend- nienU havo been made by joint resolutions of the General Assembly, and in compli¬ ance with the tenth article of the Constitu¬ tion, wore approved antl ratified by a ma¬ jority of the (lualifled voters of the Stato. 'Tho most Important were those of l.Sr,o. makingthe Judges of the Courts elective; of 1857, creating a Sinking I'und, regulat¬ ing tlie publio debt and legislative distrittls; ami of ISftl, couferringtho riglit of snlVrage upon those engagetl in the military sfrvice of tho Stato or Nation, and imposing sun- drv restraints ou tho power oftlio Legisla¬ ture. These amondnionts, Ihough impor¬ tant ami valuable, givo an int:oiigruoiis and sort of patch-work character to the Conslilution, and are not iMiisonant Willi the ret|uirements of tlie times.
This is a progressive period, and our .State lias out-grown its fundamental law. That law shoiUtl, therefore, be mado to keep Iiatii with the age in whit* wo live. Tho cxistiiigCon.stitlltion,includingtlieamond- meiils of lS."i7 aud lS(i4, impose manj- wholesome rastrictions on the power and iurisdiction of the Legislature; but expe- "licnco has demonstrated their inadequacy to protect tho peopio against the evils in¬ tended to be remedied,and espociallythose of corporate power, ami of special and local li>gislatioii. Thf ii.nmphlcl laws forthelast fnur vears shows that Ilie general laws for c-icii session made onlv about onehundred pages, whilst the Incafantl llio special leg¬ islation for tlie siuiiu norioil amount annu¬ ally lo about thirteen hundred and Cftj-. The resulting evils are manifold and ag- gravalod: and prominent among tho rea .sous anil suggestions whv a rcmclj* should licapplied, r ivspntliillv sulimit llio fol¬ lowing:
/•Ym(—Diiferent sysleins of laws for roads, bridges, si:litiolM. electious, poor- houses, and manj- other tilings, are enacted for tho several couuli&s, townships and boroughs, on subjects whicii ouglit to bo regulated bj' general laws, operating uiii- forinly ujion all.
,s-fij;ii/—It ia impo.ssible for the citizeus. jutlgcs oftho courtsormembersof the legal profession, to .actiuire or retain au accurate knowledge of thu varviiig sy.stema of laws in their respective districts; antl frequently •>n removal from one cwiiiitv to another, ur people Und themselves under almost utirelv ditferent codes.
aViiV.";—I'ractically, the wlitile thc.iry of ourCoiistilntion ami government is .--iib- verted anti destroyed by tbe present svs¬ lcm llf local enactments. Representative govoriiiiient is based on tlie idea thnt the laws slmll bo framed bv, and be the result of, the collective wisdom of tho people's representalives. But what aro the actual facts-; The minds and efforts of the mem¬ bers are SI, whollj- absorboilby private and local bills liiat it isuimost Impossible to get a general or pnbllo act consiilered or piu-ts- ed. The spet-htl and local bills are iisuali v drawn bv the member represenling the io- calltv, of bv .some one from liie district in- tera-itcd iu'tho proposetl law-, ity what is callod courtesv, it is consiilered a breach of etiquette for any member of the Senate or Honse to interfere with or oppose a merely private or local bill of any other member. The result is, the bills are passed asorigin- aily prepared, without examination or coni- pafison of view.s-ollim crude and iil-di- gested, and withoutregard to constitntion- al requirements, or sound public policy.— Some of tho worst of those hasty and badly considered enactments are arrested every year by ICxecntive interposition; but iu the uatnie ofthe caso, the veto at best cau only bo raado a partial restraint upon the evil; and nothing can orndif:tlo it .-hort of constitutional prohibition.
J^ourM—Special legislalion is llic great and impure fountain of corruplion, pri¬ vate speculations and public wrongs. It has become a reproacii to republican gov¬ ernment, and is one ofthe most alarming evils of tho times. J udicious aniendments to tho Constitution woultl arrest and de¬ stroj- tho growiug evil; and It is the duty of every patriotic citizen to co-opera'e Iu all lawful measures to elTcct so desirable a twnsummation. In tbo enactment of laws a radical change is demanded. Kvery bill presented for adoption should bo read, at least once iu full, and the j-cas antl naj-a be recorded on Its linal passage.
Fifth—11 is important lliat the State f^on- stitution shoultl be made to conform to lho Constitution of tlic United Stales as re¬ cently amended.
.V.-.rfA.—The subjei-t of minority represeu- Uition is now much agitateii. anil is receiv¬ ing a large sharo of cousideration among thoughtful and considerate men. It embra¬ ces problems of great political Importance, and its manifest juatice commends it to publio favor. Whilst some of tho objects it proposes might bo obtained by legislative enactments, tho general principles involv¬ ed are so olemcntarv and radical, lliey should, if adopted, be"incorporatcd into tlie fundamental law-,
i'ccciit/i.—The membera of the Oeneral Assembly shoultl bo increased iu number.
Jliffhtli'—Ihere should be a fimdamentid limitation to the pow-ers of corporations.
A'irttA.—Thero is absolute necessity for greater security fortho public funds and for their proper distribution.
rcnWi.—Tho suite Treasurer, Siiperin- tentient of Common Schools, anil a Lieu¬ tenant fjovornor, tho latter to preside over the Senale, and perform the duties of Gov¬ ernor, In caso of llis absence, sickness or death, shonlii bo electcil bv the people. Tho Attorney-General, .Seeretarv of .Suue and tho Atijutant General .shoultl, for ob¬ vious reasons, continue to be appointed bj- the Governor.
iVcccjiWi.—Tho dav for holding the an- nual elections t^ould, with great proprietv, bo changed from tho second Tuesdav in October to the same dav in November on which nearlv all the "surrounding States now- iioltl theirs. This would ttispense with one election everj- fourth year, antl prevent Inv.asiou fromolher Slates for the purpose of interferirg wilh our elections, as tho citizens of each State woultl be occupied with tbeir own. Tht? seasou ttm, woultl be moro satisfaclorv tn the peo¬ ple of the agricultural districts", as it wonld not interfere with the harvesting of iheir corn and other summer productions.
Tho nocossily for Coni'titutional reform Is appreciated and admitted by all wbo have reilectcd upon tlio subject, nnd with- out dislinclion of partv, the press li.is been out-.spokon, and has almost unanlmou.sly sanctioned the calling, ataii earlv dav, ofa constitutional convention.
Kor these reasons aud many otliers equal- Iv important whicii might bo enumerated I earnestly reiHimnicnd that tho Legisla¬ ture make provision for a conventit'in to thoroughly revise anil amouti the Cinstl. tution of tho State.
BF.VISIOX OF Till-: flvlt coDi:.
Tlio Commissioners to rovisotho atalull^s have completed their work. The entire laws ofthe Commonwoaltli, iircluilingthose of Uritish origin, except such as relate to crime, havo been revised, collated and .sys¬ tematically arranged In a volume of less than three hundred pages, or about one- third ibe.sizBof Purdon'.s Digest. Our laws are the accretions of one liundred and seventj' years. Jfany of them are Incon¬ gruous antl disjointed enactmeuta, which IiHvo been increasing from time to limo by fragmentary legislation, without any at¬ tempt at system, logical arrangement, or contisoness of language. I'rom the exam¬ ination I iiave been able to give tlio revis¬ ion, I am satisfied that in the discharge of their dutv, the commissioners havo exer¬ cised great diligeni;o,abilitvanda coiisci- entiims desire for its successful ifccoinplish- iiion t. It cannot be presumed that a work of such magnitude is perfect in every particu¬ lar; and how far il may answer tho pur¬ pose for which it was undertiken. remains to be determined. That it Is an improve¬ ment upou wliat it Is Intentied to supplv there is no room for doubt. It .adheres in tho main to the text of existing lawa, with oeeasioual changes 10 meet present de¬ mands, but whicli were not neetled when they were first enacted, and also additional provisions which the progress of tho ago requires. Tho w-ork. as presented, might properlj- be adopted, withont material clmnges, making It tiio basis for such amendmonts as time antl necessitj- mitj- suggest, or aa maybe rccommentied bv the joint committeo to which It w-as referred for examination by tho Legislature of last j-ear. It will be seen th.at some of Its provisions havo boen framed w-ith a view- to throw much of our special legislation into tlio courts, w-iiero it may be disposed of w-Itli less inconvenience to Interested parties, aud a great saving In our annnal expendi¬ tures.
WRITS OF EREOn IN rniMlXAI.  CASES.
At tho last session of the Legislature an act w-as passed, entitled " An act to allow writs of error In cases of murder and vol¬ untary manslaughter." Tho flrst section provides that a writ of error •' shall be of right, and rady be sued out npon the oath ofthe dofemlant or defendant--, asiu civil cases."
The seoond section makes It the dntv of Uiejudges of the Supremo Court, In" all snch cases, to review- both the law nnd tho evidence.
Before tbis enactment the law required the defendant to allege tbat some error had been committed by the court on the trial and to show cause, within thirty daya, whjj the writ of error should be granted; but this law gives a writ, whether any error la alleged or not, and alioivs the defendant seven years In which to issue It, according to the practice in civil cases. Heretofore the £seoative did not ordinarily issue th9
warrant lor execution of any criminal until the expiration of the thirty days within which he was permitted to apply for his writ of error. That limitation of thirty daya being now virtually repealed, aud seven years substituted therefore, is it ex¬ pected the warrant shall be withheld for the seven years? If not, when may it properly issue? And if issued at any time within the seven veara, may not the criminal supersede it at any time he pleases by his writ of error? -A-nrt may It not be reasonably expected tlmt this will be the practical result in every such case ? This would seem like trilling with verj- serious matters; aod I respectfully submit whether the act of last session sliould uot bo repealed, or very materially moilifled, without delay. Iu my message of lOlh Februarv, 1870, returning the hill wilh my objections, 1 gave sundry reasons why It should not be approved, .and the viewa therein expressed reinain unchanged; antl the Supremo Court of the State, in the ro- t;eiit Scho'ppe case, express their oiilulon of this enactment, as lollows:
"It Is not Improper before closing to .say a few w-ords In refercnao to the act of 1S70. to di-aw attentiou to some of its defects, and lo the raaical change in our criminal juris- iirudence it will produce. It was passed for this case, bnt owing lo the Governor's veto it came too late. It is another ovi- ilence that.laws which are the offspring of feeling a.e seldom wisely framed. It com¬ mands this court to review tho cvitlciifc. and lo determine whether tho ingredients to t-onstituto murder in the first degree wero proved to exist; and j-et In forgetful¬ ness ofthe former law-it provides no means to /fi/.-f, jireacrve, and brin// up the evidence. I'his, ttio first attempt to act uuder it. proves lis Iiiclllciency, the judge below- re- tuniing'to our ecrtiijrari that he was not able to make tbe return of the evidence, lie is not bound bv law 10 tako tho tosti- monj-or to certify "to it. -A. bill of excep¬ tions brings up only so much of the evi¬ ilence as may be requireil to explain tiio point of law- contained in the bill.
•• Tho effect of this law seems not to have excited attentiou. It has changed the whole doctrino of tl-.o t^rlminal law as to the speni and certainty of punisliment, and loft to the felon both the hopo and a tlour of e.-,capc, not only from the law's delay, but l.y Iirison broach, antl all tho various means.u avoiding retributive justice. At this mo¬ ment, two cases occur to iiij- memorj- of convictions of murder In Alleghsnv coun¬ ty, delaved by dilatorv motions, whero the prison iloors opened by unknown means, antl the prisoners escaped forever. Any murderer may, under this law—though like Probst he niay have murdered a whole fjimilj'-take out his «-rit of error, witliout limitation of time or condition, whether in prisou under sentenco, or stepping upon tho trap ofthe gallows, with cause, or w-ith- ntit it, and suspend his case until tho next term ofthe Supreme Court No onecould contlemn liim if, the death w-ari-aut not preventing, he should wait till the term of the.Supreme Conrt be passed, and then take out Ills w-rit of error to delay the execution of his sentence fora w-hole vear. Thatonlv .securitv to the public, tho examination of the cast! ami allowance of tlio writ for cause, is repealetl."
.\fl'OKTlON.M KN-r.
The imjiortant duty dev.iives 111,011 y..u U. apportion. In accordance with the lasl i-ensus, the representation to the General Assembly and to Congre.ss This will be ainong "the most laborious and dimiinlt w-orks of the st-?.sii>n. In Its performaiitre, it is presuiiictl and trusteti that you will be guidetl antl governed bj' a strict sense of juslice and impartiality to all parties and to cvorv district In tho Slate, so that no well founded reason be given for coiiiplaiiit or censure.
Under the laws of the State it is mado lho duty of the County Comini.ssionera ofthe respective counties to make returns to the Governor oflhe .septennial enumoratlon of taxables on or beforo the flrst Tuesday of December. Not one-fourth of theso retnrns liave yet been received, although the atten¬ lion o'f the Commissioners w-jts Invited to the subject by special circular from the Secretary of the Commonwoaltli. As .soon as tht>re"turna come to hand, tho necessary abstracts will be matle out and forwardeil lo the Legislature.
COMMOX SCHOOLS.
Thereportof the Superinleii.lent of Com¬ mon School.s shows that lli.-ro are now within tho Stato. 2,002 school ilistricts; 14,- 212 schools; 2,8'J2 gradetl schools; 13,100 directors; 79 countv anil other superiu- tentlcnts; 17,1112 teachers, ami 828,891 pupils. This is an iiicrcaite over the preceding vear of 31 ilistricts; 270 schools; 447 grided schools; 200 directors; 3 superintendents; 470 teachers, antl 13,138 pupiLs.
The cost of tulliou for tiio past year w-as 53,74,'i,47.''i 81; building, purchasing and renting school houses, S2,7(iS,044 34; con¬ tingencies, Sl,li'.fl,22G 05; oilier expenill- tures, $9.5,470; making a total of $7,771,- 701 20. Estimatetl valueof school property, ?l."i,8:i7,is:i. .\verago salary of male teacli- ors, 810 Ii.i ])er month; length of .school term, 0 Oti mouths; and tho cost per raonth of each inipii, 'jS cents.
In ad.litii.n to tlie above, iive Normal scliools are leci.giiized bv theState. These are intendeil specially to"lnslructin tho art of teaching, and to furnish suital-Ie teachers for the coinmou schools. The many highly qualified instructors that liavo gradnated therein, alfortl a .siiflicient assurance of liieir siiccess and usefulness. Thej- have illdetl materlallj-iu the rapiti advancement ofour general ant. witlelj- approveil educa¬ tional sj-stem. Since their recognition, 12,390 students havo beeu received into them ; and 2,ti75 aro now- eiirolletl. There are tit; professors and tutors'. The libraries contain 8,l;l.i volumes. The buildings antl grounds are valuetl at 6:iC4.l'iG7; ami the furnitilro and apparatus at §75.000.
Besides the schools tlwl receive legisla¬ tive support, thero are in tho State tiOl jiri- vato scliools, seminaries antl academies, cmploving 84S teachers aud having 24,815 .studen'ts. Tho estimated value of their proiierty is ?eOO.OOO. and the annual amount receiveil for tuItion,$."MSO,0l)0. Tiiero aro also thirtoeu colleges, with 157.priife.s- .sors and tutors,and2,.S05.stutlciits enrolled. Thev;ow-n much valuable propertv, and their libriirios mimber 95,000 volunies.
Theso statistics will, doubtless, prove in¬ teresting to all who peruse them, and thoso relatlug to the common schoola merit tho especial attention ofthe Legislature. The prosperity and happiuess of all communi¬ ties tlepeud, more thau anytliing elao, npon their gouoral intelligence. Idleness, immo- lality, crime and poverty ahonnd most w-liefe ignorance prevails. Tlie greatest wealth a people can possess, and the high¬ est political freedom and power they can attain, aro based upon and derived from a sound and generous education. Freedom from the many evils thottiisturb tbe peace of .society; social harmony; good and healthful government; and all tbe multi¬ form blessings that conspire to produce Im- iiiaii happiness, are Its legitimate fruiut. Money judiciously expended by any com¬ munity for tho mental tralnlngof Its voutli, cannot bo lost; it w-ill not fail to return in due timo, bearing a liberal Interest The admirable workings of our Pounsylvania school system are everywhere atfmltletl, antl Its great success Is chielly owing to the generosity of the Legislature bv which it has beou so kindlv and so b'eneficenllv nurtiiretl. ami Itis "sincereiv to be trusteti that it will neverwearyiuthispralseworllij- work, which has thus far been so well ac- fomplLshed and so abundantly rewardctl.
SOLDIP.BS'  OBI-HANS'   SCHOOLS.
Vour attontion Is respectfully invited lo tho report of the Superintendent of llie Soldiers' Orplians' .Schools, for tlie vein- torminatiiig May 31, 1870.
Sinco tho first organization of ihe.so schools tho whole number of chiltlren ad¬ mitted is 5.05.'!. .A.nd during the same pe¬ riod, the tlischarges, luciudiug deaths, amonnt to 1,524, leaving :!,,)29 in the schools at the close ofthe year; of whom 2,137 are in "graded." and 793 in ' primary schools' and 699 In "Homes."
During the J-ear teriniiiating .May ::i,lS71. 493 oftlieso will be discharged on uae; in IS72, 477 ; in 1373, 599; in 1874,MO; in 1875, IMO; 1,870, 002; In 1877, ."iSl; 137.8, 410; iu 1R79, 291; ami in ISSO, the remainder, 171. t'luin this statement It will be soon that all tlio children now- iu tlio schools, on reach¬ ing the age of sixteen, will bo discliargcd In ton years on age alone. The reinforce. ments to the schools will hereafter consist only of children born prior to .iauiiary 1, 1800; consequently all w-lio may here¬ after bo admitted must come iu during the next ten years, and they will be moro than absorbed by tho discharges ou ortler. The nnmber discharged this year, on age, is 400, and ou ortler, 2.30, and 15 have tiled, making in all, 045. Should the rapidity ofthe discharge on order con¬ tinue in anything liko the ratio of the pres¬ ent year, It will not require more than five yeara to exhaust the greater portion of the schools, and the children remaining In tliein will from time totimehavetobo i.-on- centrated in a fow of the schools which shall be deemed the best, to cltise up the cont^rn.
Tho expendilures of the svsloiii for the school yoarentliug Jiay 31, 1M7(I, aro as Ibl-
I'^or education an.l maintenance of    children     in    advanced
schools....- §2.8.1,900 07
For education and maintenance
of chiltlren in priraary schoola 101,475 .',8 For etiucatiou and maintonanco
of childreu iu homes    05,200 42
For  clothing,   shoos,   making,
mending, etc    53,993 75
For partial relief of 13 children,
atfeoeach        .190 00
For general expenses     9,100 00
Total expenses  514,126 42
Total appropriations  494,700 00
Balance $19,420 42
The snm appropriated is for tho amount estimated by the .Superintendent in Ids re¬ port of 1809, but ow-ing to the extreme pressure of the guardians antl relatives of many Indigent and aultering applicants, tho Suporlntendent, w-lth my consent, ad¬ mitted a larger nuinber of'chlldren than he originally estimated for; the balance, aa above stated, has, for this reaaon, necesita- rlly and unavoidably accrued.
Under an ant entitled " Ad act to pro- -ride means for the gstabliihing of a aoldieni'
orph'an.s' sohool in each State Normal school district in tbis Couimonwealth, now'destitnte thereof," approved April 15, I8O7; and a supplement thereto, ajiproved Maroh23, 1808, the sum .of twentj--oue thousand dollars was advanced out of the StateTreasury as a loan lo five Institutions, These being fully establishe.l, are repaying this loan at the rate of flve per tent, quar¬ terly, as specified in the act. Sixteen thousand eight hundreti dollars of this loan rqmained unpaid on May 31,1870, and owing to the change of the form of settle¬ ments which, by law, went into operation nt thiit time, it was unexpectedly to tho Superintendent, deducted from the appro¬ priation by the accounting oHlcors, and consequently bills for education and maiii- tonaiice f.ir that sum and the abovo bal¬ ance remain unpaid. No special appropri¬ ation for this amount Is askod; but all that is required is the passage ofa joint resoiu- tioii, aiUhorizing its payment from thosum appropriated forthe expenses of the ciir- r.mt J-ear, wlii.:h, in coiiscqiienc* ofa re- liuction in prices, Iain informed will e.x- ceetl lhem to about the amount of the .said balance.
The early pass.age t.f such a resolution ia neircssarv, becauso tho institution to which the monev isdue cannotalTord to wait loug for It without.serionslnconvenionce. Pro¬ vision should also be mado by tbo Legis¬ laluro that, as the .said .sum of .?10,80O ia reoaid in quarterly Instalments by inslitu- tio'ns from which it is duo, it shall be applied to the reimbursement of the funds appropriated for the advances thus made. Tho Knpcriutondent estimates tho ex¬ penditures for education, maintenance, clothing, ttc, of 3,000 children, during the vear terminating May 31, 1872, at .$500,000. After a careful examination, I find it cor¬ rect, .aud respectfully rciiucst an appropri¬ ation for that amount. This estimate ivill, itis believed, enable the Superintendent to .admit all proper applicants. It is $20,000 less than the appropriation for tho curront J-ear, nnd It Is confidently anticipated that hereafter each succeeding estimato for an¬ nnal expenses will be much more largely tleoreased.
1 have ptir.«onally visited, inspected and examined qnito a"nurabor of these st:bools since lite ad iournment of thelate Legisla¬ ture; anil i do not hesitate to jironounco most of thom superior, iu all respects, to anvi.thcr Institutions of a similar ciiaracter in the conntrv. The supervision of tho Superintendent and tho male and female inspectors has been c.xceeilingly faithful and effective; and those baving tbo schools in charge, with but few- exceptions, have displayed a devotion to their dutiea, and to tho Interests of the cliildren, as unexcep- litinablo as If dictated I)j- the purest paren¬ tal atfection.
The sanitary condition of these children is one of themost remarkable features of tho schools. Dnrlng tho fivo years they have been In operation, ont of 0,053 chll¬ dron only seventy-one have died, wblch Is but a llttlo over one and fonr-tenths per cont. of the entire numbor for tho whole time, or less than three-tenths of ono per cent per annum. Theae facts are incontes- tlble evidences of tho caro and attontion that have been bestowed upon those insti¬ tulious.
The estahllshmont of these schools, and the liberal encour.ageniont and support Ihev have received, have met the approval and admlrallon nnt only of other States ot the Union, butof theeutire civilized world. Philanthropistsandatatesmen from foreign natioim nre constantly making inquiries cont-erningthe law-s governing and tlirect- iiig the operations of oursoldiers' orphans' schools, thoir managoment ami the results, and glvo frequent assurances of unqualified coramondation.
The foregoing e-xhibit la, I trust, sum¬ ciently satisfactory to prompt a continu¬ ance oftlie generous patronage already ex¬ tended to an Institution unsnrpasseU by any other of the kind in usefulness. Its benefits extend beyond the mere shelter, clotliing, feeding and education ofthe sons and daughtera of our lieroio dead. In gen¬ erations far remote its Infiucnces w-ili slim¬ ulate tn deeds of patriotic ardor and hero¬ ism. Hereafter the defenders of our conn¬ trv will not falter w-hen thev refiect that sliouid tliey fall, they have" in the C^oin- inonwealth a parental protecttjr of their beloved ones, who otherwise woultl be left desolate nnd neglected. The Slate has abundant causo to rejoice In w-liat it has done for ils soldiers' orphans, and lo be proud of these .schools, w-hich now consti¬ tute the brightest jew-els that adorn its crown of glorj-.
A11RICULTt!n.l.r. COl.r.EOK.
This institution appears to bo gradually accomplishing tho objects for w-hich it has been liberally cntlowetl bv the State. It has aboutsixtystndenls w-hnareinstructed, not only iu the ordinarj- brauches of liter¬ ature and science, but in all the Iioltl ope¬ rations necessary for a thorough ugrlcul. tural education.
Tho Experimental Farms, eslahllshed under the supervision ofthe offlcera, have thus far answered their expectations. The experiments therein aro carefullv recorded; every incident ofculllvation, Ihb naturo nf the seed committed to the soil, its incep¬ tion, growth, progrcssand results, togeiher with tbo couducing causes, being accunite- ly noted. The publication of tliose obser- valion.s, made in different parts ofthe State. with various climates antl aoil, under the guidance of skilled agrlcultnrlsts, will im¬ part valuablo lessons for the benefit of tho practical farmer, and, doubtless, bo the means of establishing a "Science of Agri¬ culture," having its ibundatioii in the w-is- tloui of experience. The report oftho trus¬ tees furnislies a full descri ption of the ed u- catioual and flnancial condition of the col¬ lege, together with tho progress and re¬ sults ofthe ilxperlmoutal I''arnis tluring tho vear just entled.
.IIII.ITARV.
You attontion is invlteil to the accom- pauvlng report of lheAdjutant(jeneral,for the details of the transactions of his depart¬ ment during tho p.ast year. The necessity ofn military pow-er in the .Stale, subordi¬ nate and auxiliary to tho civil niithorities, has been so fullj- tlisousseil, aud so goner- allv admitted, as to render any argument .11 Ibu anbject entirely superfluous. Itis atlmitleil. on all hand's, that a thoroughly organized and w-ell disciplined military force coiilribmes essentially to the main¬ tenance of the peace and good order of so¬ ciety, and to the soouritv of tho persons and properly of citizena. It has been my tie. sire antl aim to constitute such a forco to aid the civil authorities, should an onier- gencj- arise. In tho suppression of public tumult or disorder. This lias been effected more successfully lhan was at firat antici¬ pated. In 1850, therowere buteightvolun- teor companies in the Suite; at tliocloseof '09,therowereono hundred audoiglity-four; to which number one hundred aud fifty- eight companies were added last year. In the meanlime, thirty have been il'isbandetl, le.aving three Imndred and eleven organ¬ ized and active military companlesnow re¬ cognized by act of thn Legislature, as the " National "Guard of Pennsylvania."
From tho company orga'nlzatlona, four¬ teen regiments antl five battalions li.ave been formed. Whilst I am nol disposed to encourage regimental organizations of cav¬ alry and artillcrj-, tbey beingunnecessarlly largo and expensive, I regard separate or independent trii.ips and batteries nf theae branches oftlio sei vice,attached lo brigades or tlivlslons, as liiglilv important.
Tho quota of arms t"lue Peunsvlvania has been draw-n from thoGoneral (iovernmmu. This amonntetl 10 forty-live liiiiidrcil breech-loading rille muskets and acctnitse- inoiits, Willi a proportionate supplv of the proper ammunition. These bave been dis¬ irlbuted, as provided by tho fifty-sovonth section of the act of May 4, 5Sfl"l, in auch manner as In my judgihent " will most elt'ectually subserve the military interests an.l necessities oftho Commonwealth."
As herelofore stated, all the State mili¬ larj- dopartiuenta created during tho war have beeu merged iulo tliatof the Adjutant Generai. That department is now- the de¬ pository ofall our mUitary records, the im¬ portance and value of which aro constanliy indicated in- the daily application of offl- cials of the "general and dilferentStato Gov¬ oruinents, of ntloriiej-s ami agenls, ot sol¬ diers tliemselves, or their representalives, lor ccrliliiatcs anti oxeiiiplirtcatioiis. The Atljtitaut General is also the responsible custodian of all the militarj- property be¬ longing to the Commonw-ealth. I, there¬ fore, recommend that this deijartment re¬ ceive the favt.rable consideration of the Legislature, and the conlinuation of such appropriations as inaj- bo required for ils efflcient administration.
JIIUTABY IIISTOIIY.
Tho Legislature, In I.S04, passed on act authorizing tho Governor "to appoint some competent person to prepare u mililarv history ot Pennsylvania volunteers and militia,"wlio had been or might tliereafter bo in tho field during the war ofthe rebel¬ lion. In conformity, herewith, my prede¬ cessor appointed Samuel P. Batos,"l.;sq., to perform this difllcult suul responsible un¬ dertaking. He commenced the task with zeal and industrj-, and has prosociiteil it with ability. Tho work b.as proved lo bo far more extensive, and required a mucli greater amount of labor and research than w-as at first contemplated. Four large roj-- al octavo volumes, banilsomely printed and substantially bound, havo been pro¬ duced, and the fifth;; and last volume, will bo completed before the tirst of Jnne next. Tho book, itsoif, affords the best commeu- tary or criticism of tlio manner iu w-hich the author has discharged his duties. It puts in concise form and perpetuates the most important portion of our history, w-hicii otherwise woultl have been forever lost. Hereafter it will bo invaluable lo the Cominon wealth.
UIOHTS OF FIlF.NCn CITIZEXS.
Bv the seventh article ofa Consular Con- vonlloii between Prance aud the United Slates, signed February 23, 1853, it was stipulated that tho citlzensof thorespecliv.o countries sbould mutually havethe same rights to hold real antl personal estate, and to enjoy and transmit the same. My at¬ tention has beeu Invited to thia subject by a letter from Hon. Hamilton Fish, Secreta¬ ry of Stato ofthe United Statea, dated May 9.1870, enclosing a copy of a commnnlca tlon trom the Minister of France to the UnitedStates, resident at Washington.— That letter, acoompaDled by said seventh article, and a oopy of my reply thereto
(marked A and B), are herewith snbmitted to the Legislature for information, and with the rooommondation tbat (he subject he carefully considered, and-such action taken thereon as will make tl»-»t»tntes of the Htate conform to onr obligations under the provisions of said Convention.
NATIOSAI, CEMKTBBIK8.'
. On Ihe first of Jnly, 1870, an act of Con¬ gress was passed amendatory to Ute aot en. titled "An aot to establish and protMt Na¬ tional Cometeriesi" approved Febnuu7 22,' 1807. ' The' object of -these laws 1^. to- place under thfeNationatflovornmai**'the man¬ agement and preservation of these ceme¬ teries, and to secure the consent of tho sev¬ eral States iu which thoy are located. This consent has already been given as to the cemetery at Gettysburg.bytlie act approved April Hth, 1808; and the"National author¬ ities now- ask for tho samo action by tho State as-tothecemeteriesatGlenwood, Leb¬ anon, .Mount Moriah, Odd Fellows' and Woodland, In Philadelphia; andal.sotho.se at Harriaburg, Pittsburgh and Vork.
Copies of a oommnnlcatiou ou this sub¬ ject, from tlie Seoretary of War, and of the act of July 1, 1870 (marked C and D), are herew-Ith transmitted, with tlie recommen¬ dation, that the consent of the State be given, in compliance with tho laws of the UnitedStates.
Tho objections heretofore existing to tho payment of the appropriation for tho nso of llie ¦.\utietam CiJmetcrj- having been re¬ moved, Ihe.snm appropriated has been paid over to lho Treasurer.
i.MMtan,VTiox.
In accortlanoe with a retiuest to that ef¬ fect, I submit for your consideration, a copy of the prooeodiugs of tbo National Im¬ migration Convention (marlvcd "E"), w-bich was called by the Governors of the Western States, arid w-.as largely attended, at linllanapolis, Indiana, on tho 23d ol No¬ vember last. The main object of the con¬ vention, it appears, was the adoption of such resolutions as might induce tho dif¬ ferent Statoa of tho Union to importune Congress to ejjact such laws as woultl afford immigrants, w-hlle in trim-iitu from otber lands, and upon their artival In this coun¬ trj-, protection ngainst the abuses to w-hitdi they are now- noloriouslv subjected. As the encouragement of Immigratiou of a useful character, has aiw-aj's been tho np- proved policy of our gove'rnment, the ob¬ ject as presented is rega'rded as deserving ofyour attentiou.
THK jntFOBD AND 31ATAJI011A9 RAlLROAn.
Aboutthe closo of the last session of the Legislature an act w-as passetl and appro¬ ved, entitled " A supplement to the Mil- ford and Alatamoras Itailroad Company." The fourth aection of tbis ennctmentseems to hnvo boen inteuded to take from the Stato, and give to the company, the ten thousand dollars bonus, paid into the State Treasury annually by the New York and Erie Eailroad Company, under the fillh .section of the act of 20th March, 1846. Soon alter the adjournmont, my attention w^as directed to the subject, and to guard against loss I caused the A.ttorney General to give notice to tho New York and Erie BaUroad Company that the State would look to that corporation forthe paj-ment of the annual bouus, as horetofore, notwithstanding tho passage of the supplement referred to. I regard the latter as havlug been enacted autl approved, through Inadvertence, In tho hurry of a closing session, and as hasty aud "inconsiderate legislation, at variance Willi tho sottletl policy of tho State, aud blghly prejudicial to tbe publlo iuterests; aiul i thereforo earnestly recommentl its iinmediate repeal, or at least so mucli of it as relates to tho bonus.
TELF.OBAPH LINKS ANU HAILBOADS.
Tho tjuestion of the assumption of the control of the tolegi-aph lines aud tho char¬ tering of railroati companies within the Stato by the General Government, was par¬ tiallj- considereil by the Legislature at its last sessiou, and is now recelvlngconsitler- ablo attontion. Kegarding tho subject as one of vast jioportanee, involving the sov- orolgn powor of tho Stato, the interests of corporation that are enfranchised by It, and of our citizens who havo Invostmonts in stocks antl bonds amounting to manv mil¬ lions of dollars, 1 most earnestly iuvilo your sorions examination of it, and your oarlv aclion thereon.
OFOLoniC'AI. SURVKV.
A reliable geological and mineralogical survey would be of incalculnblo value lo the State. Without it wo have Indsfinite ideas of our vast undeveloped mineral w-ealth, ami the expense attending it would bo utterly insignificant w-lien compared with the" beneficial results. We arc at preseut. without oven a reliable map to In¬ dicate tbo localitj', character and resources of our mineral regions. And as good maps aro llie bosisof all useful research In every department of science, and the arts, especl ally in the practicalscioncosof geology and metallurgy, the first step towards ageolog- Ical survey is to obtain as correct a map as po.ssible, if not of the entire State, at least of such parts thoroof as are of tho most im¬ portanco to bo studied geologicallj-. This wlil bo a work of labor and time, and can onlylie accoiuiilislietl successfully bj- trian- gulatin;.- each countv separately, and from lho county maps thus acquired, construct¬ ing a completo, and accurate map of the wiiole sum.-. It Is neither wiso nor just policv to tlelav this w-ork because it may be moro porlectlj- olVected at sonic future time. 'There is for it a present necessitj-, atul tho timo will uever come when such a work ctm bn rendorod perfect. There can bo no .such thing as a fiual geological re- pijrt New developments in mineral re¬ sources, as well as additional acquirements in scientific know-ledge, will constantij- bo miido as long as tho w-orltl exists.
Tho general voice of tho bnsiness t:om- munity and land ownership of the State domands tbls survey. Itis especially called for bv tho oil regions, new-Iy discovered t»al liolds, and lire iron, mannfaetnrlng .anil railroad interests. Large portious of the Stato remain to a great extent, unstud¬ ied by seientilic and practical men. Tho oltl survey of 1.S30-41 did a good work, but Itisoflittio valuo now, except in alow lo¬ calities. Siiitm it was mado wonderful dis¬ coveries havo taken place and problems of structure and depositstill reinain unsolved, doubtless invtdving mnny millions of dol¬ lars in value. Then, many of the back counties wero comparativolj- unsettled, and scarcely anv openings were made in our rainoral districts, except in theanthra- cite coal basins, and around Pittsburg. Now, tho State is full of trial shafts and privato explorations; extensive forests havo been clqnjod; roads penetrate what were inacccs-s'lblo regions; railways traverse whole counties w-ith instrumentol field work ; many thousands of oil and salt wolls liavo been bored ; v.aluable mines pul in w-orking order; tho population has ad- vantrcd in iutelligence ami grown mnro ob¬ servant and enterprising, anil the skill nf Ihegeologist, metallurgist aud tho surveyor has reached a higher degree of perfection.
Posterity has its claims upon us; andit shoulil bo cousldered that whatever is done for the present generation is so much a.- complished forgenoratlonsthatmav follow-. One important function of agcological sur vov Is 10 preserve knowledge for future us"e. Si^ioucti Is cumulative, audits advan¬ ces nro slow, li must collect many facts before i t arri ves at iriie conclusions. For want of a proper bureau of statistics, and a corps of observation and publication to collate and relate tho facts of our geology and mineralogy as thoy have appeared, the State has alreaily sulfered severely. Much valuable information has been liist, never to bo recovered; and but little certain knowledgo of paat mining, and other sei¬ enliflc operalions, has boen preserved to govern and assist tho future engineer. The sooner, thereforo. In my opinion, ageologi- c:il survey is authorized, the better will It be for the prospective interests of tho Slate, as w-ell as for Its present necessities.
BOABO OF rUBLlO OIIABITIES.
Uuder the requireinouts of an act, ap¬ proved Ajiril 24,18119.1 appointed Uve coin- inis,sIoners lo constitute a Hoard of Publio Charilies, who, at all tinies, have full power to look Into ami examine the condition of nil charitable, reformatory or correctional institutions within the Stiite; and at least onco in everv vear visit all such as nro ro- cciviug .stale aid, to examlno overything connectetl witli their mauagemeitt, autl es¬ pecially to ascertain w-hether tho funds ap¬ propriated to them aro economically and judiciously expended. The requisite num¬ bor of geutlemen, pti-ssessing thonecess.ary qualifications, have generously consented lo serve on this Board, which Ia now- fully organized, and tho objects contemplated are being accomplished. Early tluring the ses¬ sion their first annual report will be pre¬ sented for your consideration, which will givo afull account of tbo ex tent and Import- nnee of their phU.anthropio transactions in behalf of the Commonwealth.
B.^.TTI.E OP OETTVSnCBO.
I am informed that the picture oftho Bat¬ tle of Gettysburg, painted by ordor of the Legislature, has boen completed. As this valuablo production is the property of the Stato, I ileem it Important that you should appoint a committeo, wjth whom I sball bo pleased to co-opornte, to take It In chargo ana Jirepare a placo suitable for its accom¬ modation. This sliould bo made sulUcient- Ij- capacitius, and so arrauged aa to afford an opportunity for the djsplay of tho fiags antl other relit'sof interest to the citizens of tlie Slate, and to the nuinerous visitors at tho Capitd.
IIEL.VWABE BOCNDABV LINE.
The Legislature, at its session of 1809, passed an act ontilled "An act to settle, de- lermineand locate the Southern boundary liuoof Ihe Commonwealth." In conform¬ ity therewith Commissioners were appoint¬ ed to net "in conjunction with like Com¬ mlssionors on the part of the Stato of Dele- wore." That State, however, has failed, thua far, to mako the necessary appoint¬ ments. Tho work, consequently, remains nnaccompllsbed, and the boundary lino is not definitely fixed.
Under ordinary circumstances this might not be regarded as Important; bul w-iien it is considered that there is a material differ- once in the penal codes of tiie two Stales, antl that the code of Delawaro contains cer¬ tain provisiona, and authorizes the intliG- tion of punishments repugnant to all the citizens of Pennsylvania, serious evils may some day arise out ofthe neglect to deter¬ mine this linei It la Impossible to tell what might transpire ahonld the State of Cdk-' ware aelza upon a <itlz«D and anbject Um
to tbe disgraceful and abhbrreiit ptinish- ment of the pillory and the whipping post, who, upon subsequent investigation, was ascertained to bave his residence in Penn¬ aylvania. The injured party would have a rightto demand, and we would be com¬ pelled to grant him satisfaction for the wrong he suffered. ¦ Thia and otlier reasons might be urged for the immediate settle¬ ment of this queation. Pennsylvania does not desire, and cannot afford, to come into collision with the State of Delawaro:
FISHERIES.
Tbe Supreme Conrt has! decided that the law requiring tbe owners of dams in tlie Susqnehanna river to make fiahways in the aame, at least in cases where they hnd purchased tlieir w-orks from the State, is unconstitutional and void. From tills de¬ cision it does not appear that the .State can not have such ways constructeil nt its ow-n expense. But tins does not seem adyl.s.a- lile uutil concurrent legislation can be ob¬ tained w-Ith Maryland, that State holding both banks of the Susquehanna river at its mouth and for many miles above. Tho subject has been brought lo tho attontion of Maryland, the Legislature ofwhlch Stato at its last session, passed n law- providing forthe appointmentof Commlasioners.'of fisheries, to report at itsnextae3sion,w-bich will not occur until uext winter. The fish¬ eries under consideration aro nearlj-, if not quite, as much deteriorated by the want of statutory laws for their protection as by the mechanical obstructions in the streams.
Tho New- England States and New York havo commencod lho experimeiit of flsb propagation in tho largo streams north of us on quito an extensive scale. 'I'heir ex¬ perience will lie useful to us when all ob¬ stacles arising from tho dividoti State ow-n- crship ofthe river shores shall bavo been obviateti. New- Jersey appointed rtsli Com¬ missioners at the last sosslonofhor Lfgi.s- lature, nnd the Commissioner of Pennsvl¬ vanla is now in treatv- w-ith tbem in refor¬ enco to needed t;oncurreiit legislatltm. Tito subject Is receivlngcarel'iilattentioii in both State bytlioirdeleg.ateil.agonts. Itishojied that Delawaro will join witli Pennsvlvanla ami New Jersey in tho rol'orms needed un tho Delannro river.
STATE  LinilAllV.
The accumulation of booka belonging to the State, by purchase, exchange nml dona¬ tion, largely exceeds the capacitv of the cases now in the library for theh- accom¬ modation. ?,Iany thousands of volumes, of great value, are necessarily storeil away in snch a mannor ns to render thom inac¬ cessible and consetjlieutly useless. I, there¬ fore, recommentl that tho Logislaturo au¬ thorize tho construction of asufflcient num¬ ber of alcoves, to accord w-ith the architec¬ tural arrangement of the building. Theso can be' completed at a moderate cost, which will be more thnn compoiusated tor in their safe keeping of tlio booka, and in tho aocesslbility and genoral usefulness.
STATISTICS.
Permit me to renew- my recommenda¬ tions concerning tho collection and proper¬ ly recording of statistical information re¬ lating to the development and growth of the various resources of the Common¬ wealth. Such records are an nlmostiniiis- pensable necessity. The want of them la a source of constant perplexity and annoy- nnce to all the Stato offlcera, "and to othsrs, including Uniled States oflicials and repre¬ sentatives of foreign nations,who havo busi¬ ness w-ith the dillerent departments of tho Stato government. These statistics might be gathered, at a moderate expense, by an IntolllKentclerkappolnted for that purpose, and tho books at ail times kept open for in¬ spection in tlie office of the Seeretarv of the Commonwealth.
LAND DEPABTMEXT.
The report of the .Surveyor Oeneral fur¬ nishes a detailed account of tho Land Of¬ fice. During tho past j-ear 3,580 pjitoiits wero issued, covering 637,880 acres, being more than one fifty-sixth part of theState. Tho great amount of work In this depart¬ ment requires several additional clerks. Tho insecurity ofthe buddings renders ne¬ ce.ssnry ndditfonal iron cases orsafes for lho protection of the muniments of title and other public documents. Tbo expense of the ollico, inclndibg Improvements, was $23,400, w-hilsttbe receipts, from fees alone, amounted to $54,703 01.
MINES
Herewith is submitted the report of the Inspectors of .Mines, ailed w-ith higlily im¬ porlant slalistical information, to which your cjiroful atteutiou is invited. Tlio ne¬ cessity of such inspectors is tlemoustrated by the number of casualties reported, and tho proprietv of oxtendlug the provisions oftlie act bj'jwhlch it lias been instituted to all the mining districts in the Stnte, forci. hlv exhibited.
YELLOW- FEVFB,
This fearful epidomio mado its appear¬ ance at the (Quarantine Station in J une last, spreading terror through that liolgli- hood, and cau.sing serious alarm In Phil¬ adelphia. The disease assumed its w-orst tj-pe. and tlio percentage of mortality was extremely large.' Itwas brought to tho Lazaretto, from Jamaica, bj- the brig " Home," whoso captain died "during tho voyage. The vessel w-as detained bv or¬ der of the Lazaretto Plij-.sician, who, with tlio Qnar.antiiie Master and otber valuable attaches of the slntlon, fell victims to lbe pestileuce. The secontl mate and pilot of the brig, in violation of orders to tlie isin- trtiry, and also of lho health regulations, w-oiit to tho city, w-hero they both died ; and it has been inforred that the ilealhs whicii subseqnently occurred there nre partly at¬ tributable to thoir imprudence.
Upon the death of the Lazaretto I'liysi- ciau and the Quarantine Master, I appolnt- 0<1 two physicians, both of w-hom w-ere k:iow-n to havo liad much experience in yellow- fever to UII the vacancies. They "volunteered thoir services at a time w-hen it w-as dlfflcult to obtaiu persons projieriy qualiUod. The results proveti the propriety of these appointments. Soon after they en¬ tered upon the performance of thoir iluties, the disease was oradicated and tbo suitiou restored to its usually healthv condition.
Some changes seem necessary for the proper management of the quarantine, lu my opinion the Quarantine Master should bv law bo; reqnlred tn be a medical man, qualified to net as an assistant to the Laza¬ retto Physician, and to perforin tho duties of that oini:er, in case nf his absence, sick- nessordoath. Had this been tho case when tho late phyaician diod, tho necessity for calling assi3"tnnce from witiiont would'haye beeu obviated, and the .sickness, sullerlng and uiortality lessened. The salary oflhis oflicer, as wo"ll as that of tho Lazaretto Phy¬ aician, should be malorially iuoreaseci, iu order to retain competent and responsible men for thoso importaut positions. The salaries non- paid were fixed many years ago, aud aro au inadequate compensation for the risks and services required.
Grateful acknowledgments are duo to the membersof the Board of Healtb for their oxcellent sanitary precautions atid persoual aervices during tho prevalence of the epidemic, ami also to the attaches ofthe Quarantine Station for thoir fearless devo¬ tion lo iluty in tho time of danger, and their conBlnnt and self-sacriflcius attention lo tlie wauts of tbe sick and dying. Hati it not beon for their faithful and efflcient ser¬ vices, bv which Iho progress of tho lover waa arrested, Philadelphlaand othor popu¬ lous districts might have suffered a repeti¬ tion of the horrors of former years w-hen this dreaded diseaso mnde snch frighii'iii ravages.
IN MEMOBtAJI.
Hon. William F. Packer, ex-Governor died at Williamsport on the 27th of .Sep¬ tember last. Ue was ono of the self-made men of whom the stato has 'justly had cause to bo jirond. In earlj- liie lie distinguished himself as a journalist, and in tho many public positious he 3ubse<iueiitlv occiipieil he acquired a high reputation for ids emineut abili¬ ties as a statesman and executive offl¬ cer. During his pabllc career he Ulled the ollices of Caual Commlssionor and Audiior General, and was a momber ofeaeh biaiieh of the General Assembly, having servcti two terms as Speaker of the House. Ilis last publietrubt was that of Chief Magis- tralBof lho Commonw-ealth. Ilo was ovor 03 yeara of ago at tho tlmeof hia death, and has left behind him an untarnished lame.
Hon. Wm. W. Watt, lato a me-jil.er of the Senate, departed this life on tho 17tli of November last. He had served four snt:- cessive years as a member of the Houso of Ropreseutativos, and v.-.as in the first year of bis Senatorial term at tbe time of his death. He was well knowu and highly re¬ spected, nnassumlng in his manners, kiml and courteous in his deportment, and in the discharge ofhis obligations, wiietlierof a public or a privato nature, he won the esteem of those who knew him.
The Leglslatnrew-IU, Itrust, uot faillo tako Buitabie notice of tho demiso of these two distingllishod citizens, w-ho, during tbeir life time, w-ere so prominent in ren¬ dering services for tho jiubiic welfare.
BABDONS.
Accompaning this communication will bo found the reports of pardons granled during tbe past year. Compared wilh Iho increase of crime, and tho great number of prisoners in the couuty jails andSWto pen¬ itentiaries, the number . Is less than that of former ycars. In exercising clemency towards persons convicted of crime, Ihave strictly endeavored, under all circumstan¬ ces, tu observe that caution and discretion contemplatod In the Constitution, and to impartially administer that merciful pre¬ rogative and oxtentl Its boneticent protec¬ tion only for the correction of the errors of criminal jurisprudence, the relief of those who mny havo beeu -'cruelly" or " exces¬ sively punished, aud tiiose around w-hom cluster mitigations and ameliorating cir¬ cumstances.
Tbe number of applications for pardon during the past year was twelve hundred nnd forty, of which sixty-two, or five per cent., w-ere granted.
The commutation of sentences for good .behavior In prison, in accordance w-ith tho law of 1809, hss effected favorable reaults in the conduct of prisonora, and their keepers find it a great auxiliary in maintaining a wholesome prison discipline. The benefi¬ cial etfect will doubtless be manifest in the conduct of those who are released from pri¬ aon because of its reformatory Inflnences and Ula believed fewer convlcu discharged .iwdar it will return to criminal pntimlta than nndertbedd ayatem.
OESERAt RB5IABKS.
The cheerful aspect of national affairs ia subject for congratulation. A prudentand patriotic admluLstration has given to the conntry the substantial fruition of the vic¬ tories obtained in tlie late struggle for free¬ dom aud the Bepublic. The dissevered States have been restored to the Union; peace reigns triumphant throughont ail our dominions; the national credit is estab- ILshed beyond tho possibility of aiiccessful assault, and returning, prosjierlty abounds in every State and department of the gov¬ ernment.
The doctrine of free trade, so beneficial to foreign interests and so Inimical to Ameri¬ can industry, if carried out to its legitimate results, would soon cause American labor to be absolutely impoverished, reduce the freo and happy millions of toUers to tho de¬ graded condition of tho down-trodden pop¬ ulation of Europe, antl capital w-ould no longer sock enterprises thus rendered uii- reniuuerative. Protection to our prodncts and maunfactures. wheu rightly view-ed, is protection to labor againstcompetltlon from abroad. Lab.ir in tho United States t:om- mands higher wages than in any olber country. Consequently onr working men nre tho more elevated. "Labor is the fouiitl- iition of Individual and national weailh.and those nations tbat have most thoroughly jirotecletl it from foreign competition have been most prosperous. During the late wnr llie talisnianic inlluoiicoa of prolec tion ou our home iiiduslries, anil upon lho labor and capital invested, wero obvi¬ ous iu ilevoloping anti raising tbem from their paralvzeil coiitlition to thesubstantial prosperitj-" which has .sinco pervaded tho counlrj-.' Ami, now, when ithas beon so traiicoiidonllj-rdemonslra;ed,thatw-earenot only ablo to defontl ourselves, butwhat la eijually imporlant, " tu depend npon and livo ujion onr own resources;" and wben theadvocates of freo trado are endeavoring to jiersnatle us to adopt the absurd theory, tluit" Uirifl's hindor'tlie development of In¬ dustry and tho growth of w-ealth :" why .should not tbewi'sdom of tbo government mnke available the teachings of experience and at once legislate for tlie good of the peo¬ jile ? Why should It not protect Americau labor.mafntaiu ;lts compensation, give the producer a homo markot, ami develop the nil bouuded resources of the conntry/ Tho duty on tca,coffeo and tropical produo- tioiis, and all inquislorial and other taxa Uon under the revenue laws,-except npon luxuries, whiskey .and other liquors, anil tobacco, shoultl ,be repealed. Fortunately in Peunsvlvniiia tbero is but little, if any, difierenct'! of opinion ou the subject of a reasonable jirolective policy. You CJinnot legislate npoii tnis subject, bnt you can, and you should iustructyour Senators.and reqii'est your Keepreseiitatives lu Congress to (ISO their best exertions to preserve us from the baneful Infiuence of free trnde, to w-hicli the emisarrlees oi Great Britain, are now with aj-reirsongs, so anxiously and imliistrious"ly endeavoring 10 lure us lo destructiou.
After a aatisfactorj' adjustment of duties on foreign productions, so as to prevent the possibility of undue competition from abroad, aiid a thorough revision and modi¬ fication of our system of Internal taxation, a limit may .safely bo placed to the annual reduction of Natioual debt, say to fifty mil¬ lion dollars, except w-hen gre.at prosperitj- shonld make tho treasury ovor plethoric, and then the oceasioDal unexpended bal¬ anitis might be usod In the purchase of ad¬ ditional honds.
Tho Introduction of'• Chinese Coolie," or -'contrnct labor," Is one of the greatest evils lliat cnn liolitl tlio toiling millions of ourtouutry. Their presence is not only degrading but impoverishing and paralyz¬ ing to our patriotic and intelligent w-ork- iiien. it Is a new- .species of alavery, equal in all its injurious tendencies to that, the extinguishment of which cost the nation such immense treasures and so many thou¬ sands of valuable lives. It should not be tolerated for a single uioment, as its results will virtuallj- be to debase and forco our workingmeu into unnatural rivalrj- w-illi the dregs of the Chinese population. Ke- strlclivo iaw-s against the Importation of tbis kind of labor, such .as would stay its further progre.ss, sbould be enacted with¬ out any unnecessary dolaj-.
Tbo claims agaiust G reat Britain for dep- reihitious upon the commerco of onr citi¬ zens, by tho piratical steamship Alabama, ane olher vessels, and the disputed rights ofour lishormen in Ihe eastern waters, are yet unsettled. The importance of tliese is¬ sues havo caused much bitterufisa of feel¬ ing, and, to a consiilerable degree, involve tho peace antl honor of tho country. The allegetl cruel treatment by England of American citizens charged w-ith complicity in some of tho Fenian movements, equaled onlj- by the historic horrors of Dartmouth and AndorsonvIUe, loudly call for the prompt and humane attention of our Government.T Theso three subjects, I am informed, aro now- nnder tho consideration ofthe National Adiuinistration, whose in¬ tention It is to settle them with as littlode- lay as jiossible, and in .sucn manner as will meet with general airqnlescenceaiulajipro-
Wliile two heroic nations in Europe havo boen engaged in tieadly strife, shocking to civilization, onr countrj- has been butlittle ntl'ectcti by it in n phj-sical sense- But our svmjiathics are deeply exciteil for both peo¬ jile, nntl in tho namo of humanity weairn- estty liope their differencea maj- soon be satisfactorily ndjustod antl jieace restored.
1 have observed w-ith pleasure that Con¬ gress is nbout to provide, bj- legialaliou, fiu the building up and protection of the commercial marine of our country, and for postal facilities to and from for¬ eign countrios bj- American vessels. Tiiese measures slionid, and no doubt will receive tho approval ofthe people. It is also gratifj-Ing to find the morcantilo, inaiiiifacturing, railw-ay and otiier Intorests of our great commercial city of Philadel- I>liiii, mbvllig with vigor, and, I am as- sureil, w-ith sueces.s, in providing the moans necCJisarj-to establish a Urst.class lino of American iron steamships to run lie- betwoBii that citv and European ports.— The Legislature will, no doubt, grant lib¬ eral franchises to efl'ect a rosnlt that w-IU placo our Comnionw-ealth .in advanceof all olhera. In tho construction and use of such vessels for ocO'in navigation. ^V'ilh the:aitl aud facilities whicli tho National and Slalo I'lovcruiiioots may fiml it thoir diityaud interest to extend, it is lioped that this onlorpriso will bo successful. The construclion antl maintonanco of steamers suitable for the purposes Indicated, w-ould consumo large amounts of f.ur great sta¬ ples—iron, steel, coal and lumber, and alao give cmploj-ineut to thousands ofour mechanics aud citizens, and vastly benelit all iiraucboa of trado and industry.
All guod citizens w-ill rejoice'when the last disagreeable vestige of tho recent civil warshali have beon oblitoratrtl. Sinco the cessation of open liostilitles, lho nation has set tlio whole w-orld a noble example by Its unprecedented magnanimity In forgiving olfenses ami restoring to citizenship the great masses of tliose w-ho warred against its peace and safetj-. In tills regard, we have boon as generous in peace as we bave been iiivinciblo in war; and nnw but com¬ paraUvely fow of thosowho sought to tlis- sever tilt) Uliiou remain as aliens aod strangers to its government. 'I'iie supre¬ macy ofthe law-a has been maintained, and tlieir pow-er is no longer disputed. Tliepas- .stoiis that excited and protracteil deadly strilo have subaitleil, and we nro again, practically, a homogoiieoua people.- Tbere are iloubtiess, here and tbore, some disaft'octed spirits but their numbers aro too few, and tbeir jiow-er too insignificant, lo give serious cause for uneasiness or alarm. Aud even towa.--d3 tbese, conciliation w-ill bo more productive of good resulta than tho avenging force of trlumpbanc power. It is greatly to be desired ttiat universal peace, amity and national fellowship and brolherliood shoulil ag.aln prevail through¬ out onr countrj-. And the time Is, I trust, close at hand, when this grand ami periect consummation will heeQ'ected by universal amnesty. It w-ould eflaco the lingering dislinctii.ns wbich are fostered by punish inent of the vory lew for crlmes'iu whicii very many parllcipated, and remove the last pretext for hostility against a govern¬ ment whose magnaniiiiitv Is tbo crowuing glory of its power. It will accord wllh oii- lightenctl anti progressive eivilizatioii, and liarmoiiizo with the tested might and gran- dour of freo institutions. It w-ill present, too, tho noblest government of-the w-orltl's hisMiyas impregnable and indissoluble, becauso fouiidod,'ivithout distinction, class, blrthorclrcumstanccs.ujion the virtue i.nd Intelligenco of all Its pooplo.
The omjilovment of United Stales troops nt election.-", w-ilhout tho consent of the lo- cnl and Stato governments, has recently re¬ ceived considerabloattcntion and reprehen¬ sion. It is regarded as an interference with the sovereign rights of tho States, which was not contemplated by tho founders of tlie genoral govo.ninent, and, if persisted in, must lead 10 results tlisastrous to pence and barmonj'. The practico is ono so sorl- ous in its character, and so injurious in its tendencies, as to merit prompt considera¬ tion ami decisive action, not only by the General Assembly but by Congresa. One oftho complaints ofthe coloniata against tho Britisli King w-as the oppression grow¬ ing out oftho assfimptlon ot this .power-- Thoy said, "He has kopt among us In times of peace, standing armies, without the consent of our Legislature;" and, w-hat is especiallj' pertluent' to the case in point, "Ho has affected to render tho military independent of, and superior to the civil power." The alleged authority for the use of troops, at onr State elections, is derived from the tenth section of an act of Congress, approved May 31, 1870, entitled " An act to enforce the right of citizens of thh Uniled States to vote in the soveral Stales ofthe Unlon.and for other pnrjioses," which authorizes tlie United States mnr- sbals to call to thoir assistance such por¬ tion of tho land and naval forces of tho Uuited States, or. of the militia as mnv be necessary to the performance of th'e duty with which they are charged and to insure a faithful observanco of the Fif¬ teenth Amendment of tbe Constitution of the United States." But It muat be a forced construction of this law that will Justify the presence of armed national forces at onr places ofeieotton whenno ne- ceaslty exins therefor, and where their presence la coloolated to pioTotte coUlalon.
With a good Preaident, the exercise of the power refsrred to might liave no injurious resnlts, bat in the hands of a bad man, gov¬ erned by peraonal ambition, it might prove exceedingly calamitous. tJnoonsoiously a good President might be Induced to em¬ ploy It wrongfolly; a bad one would be al¬ most certain to nse it for his own advance¬ ment Under any clrcumstanoes. In my opinion. It is onsafe, and antagonistic tu the principles that should govern our Hepubli¬ can Institntions. At the last October elec¬ tion United Btates trtxips were stationed in Philadelphia for tbe avow-eilpurpose of en¬ forcing ths election laws. This waa done withont tho transent or even the knowledge of the civil authorities of either the city or the State, and without any express¬ ed desire on the part of the citi¬ zens; and as far as can be ascertained without existing necessity. From a con¬ scientious conviction of ils Importance, I have called J-our attontion to this subject. A neglect to have dono so might have been construed as nn endorsement of a measure that meets my disapproval. The civil au¬ thorities of Pennsylvania have alw-ay.s been and aro slill, competent to protect its citi¬ zens in the exorcise of their elective fran¬ chise, and tlio proper ami oulj- time for United .States military forces to Intervene, will be, w-hen the pow-er of the Common¬ w-ealth is exhausted and tlieir aid is la«-- fully requirod.
The celebration of the Centennial.Birth¬ day of American Indoj.endencc i.s exciting much public attention. Itw-ill bo an im¬ portant era in tlio history of the nation. Congress has alreatlj- agitated tho aubject, and w-ill doubtless, soon tako actiun in re¬ lation therolo. The placo for this occasiou should not be a question of controver.sj-. No other coulil bo so appropriatoas PIiH'ii. Arounti tho Hall of intlependence clus¬ ter all the brightest tuemorien of the eventful periotl to bo commemorated.— Thero Congress met; thero tho historic, bell first jirot;lalmed "liberty throughout all the land—unto all the inhabitants tiiereof:/ there the Declaration of lutle- peiiilence was first promnlged, and there should bo lho national celebration of tho one bundrodth anuiver.sarj- of the nation's existence.
In conclusion it is iiij- sincere desiro that w-e may cultivate tho apirit of gootl will, forbenrnnco, kindness nntl charit.v, nml unile in constant efibrts to proiiiote tbe public good and general prosperitj-.
JOHN \V. GKAUY, EXECtJTIVE Chamueh,     [ Harrisburg, Jan. 4, 1871.        j
PROFESSIONAL.
"D  »'RA?fK K8IILRMA»r.
P. A'lTORN'KV-AT-LAW.
uiUue wllh I. E. HieaLer, .No. M yoiih Dufee atreflC, I.niicuKrtT. Pn. f*******¦« IJ'"
M                  ATTOftN'KY AT LAW. Ortlco with Wm. Aug. AUee, Ksq., No.4o Eftst Kiug8L, Liinimster. Fa. f>ctJ9 i;*mo *&
4 LEXANl>£lt If   I<»On.
A ATTORNKY AT LAW.
Omce, So. y Conrt Avenue, West side ot' C
Uouse.
Court
Juu 25 1*1-32
t>. Al-rOKNEY ATLAW.
oaicoNo 24 East King street second tloor, over Sidles' new" Dry Ouo<l.s Ntore. Laucasler. Pn.
DW. PATTKBSON, AT-roitNEY AT LAW.
iliw removed UlH otUce lo No,6S luisl KIur-S!, ft(>i lo ly-'&i--2r£
DV. UO.SEXHILI.KB. Jk„ AlTOUNE-tATLAW. Olllue with A, HtrrWmlLh, e£q., aouLh Ciueen atxeol. 4l'tf
U                                DKNTIST. lliw removed to Duko stret't.inldwrfy iMitween Oniuge street uud the IViiu'u Uiatrojul, Lnn¬ caster^  [St'pUSlU-il
C1KKI>. H. PVFEtt,
r A'ri-ORNKY AT LAW.
Office In Wldmyer'A Bow, No.4 South Duke ¦ureet, Lauca-ster, Pa. Pensions and Bounty Claims promptly attondtid to. [ Jy 19 '65
GAST .\SO STEINMETZ, ATTOKNEY'.H AT I-AW. umci?,No.41 Norlh Lukw Ht.. Lancaster, Pa. _ar':t7yir	
TOJi.V P. KEA,
J ATTORNKY AT LAW.
omce with O. J. Ujokey, eiiq.. No. 21 S. tineen Htretfi.LuDCxsier. Pa. -ll-tf
JOiSS H. ZKLl^KR, yUKVEYOK AND CONVEYANCER.
Also ^lv<>.s particular atteutlon tu clerkUig sjiiec ol roal aud persoual property at auy didtJioco within the conuty,
Olllce In Sprlu":vlllb.Alouat Joy townsnlp, Uiucasterco,   AddreHH Spring Guruen. Pn.
O   H. PBICE,
O. ATTOIINEY AT LAW,
oaice No. 6. north   corner oi" Court Avenue, Qvar C<mrt House, r.^nca.ster. Pa. fje2*©
SIJIOX P. EBY, A'rrORNEY AT LAW.
OtQce with N. Ellmaker, enii.. North JDuke Ft,, Lttucatiter. Pa.   _[Bcp_:!l '67
T V ATTO ItN E Y AT LA W.
N'O. as North DukeStruet. LaUL-UiiLer, Pa. aug -M tf-4(i
RC^UKEX 11. liO^'G. A'lTOKNKY AT L^VW, No. jj Bouth Dukest., Lancaster. Special attt'u* tion paid to procuring or opiMJsing dlrtchar^ieH ofdebtors In bankruptcy, a prolond presenla- tiou of elnims, rendering profeKRlonal assls* L'lnce to asnlguees, uud ull btLilne«H In short ¦jonuected with proceedings in voluntary or luvuUiutury liankruptcy, -whether before the lle(5I^^I(!ror tbo Culled StatCit Courts. Parties intendiuKto tuko tho benertt of the law will unu:illy tind It ;Mlvuuta«eourt to bave a prelim. InarvcousultjiMon. iun l&-tf-3]
 LE-GA Ii   NOTICES,
KXECUroR.S' NOTICE,
K^tiile of   Henry   Musbelinivn,  lute of Strasburg township, deceaseil.
LETTER-StORtampntaryonsaid estate hav¬ ing boen grauled to the undersigned, ull f'Brsons i ndobteil thereloure reiiuesled to m.ike mmedlaie settlemont, and those havlDR claiinsordemandsiisalnst thesame. will prc- .tent them without delav* for Kettlement to the uudersl:;ued. resldlut: In »:ald township.
BENJAMIN K. MUSSELMAN, DAVID a. E. MUriSELMAN. det-'JI IiH U KJCecutors.
iLVF.crroB's notice.
Estate of Daviii tJlick, late of Upper Lracuck town.'*hip, dec'd.
rETCEK-S testamentary on said eatato hav. J lug boon granted to tho uiiderslaned, all persons ludebted thereto are requestedto mnke iiunie<JlatcsettIeroeut.andtho«eliavlngcliitm or domands ajrslnst the same will preseut th«ni wUhoutdelay for setllemenl to the un- dersliined, roldlng in suld towuship.
^ DAVID L. GLICK.
der-:j ot 3 Executor's
J. U. LlviNOSTON, Atl'y. Nov. ya ltf7U.
ARMIXISTRATOK'N NOTICE.
E^tule of Heury A. Kockalleld, late of
Ihe city of Lanca.ster, dee'd. r ErrERS o*f administration on said estnte Ij haviuK been gninted to tbo undersigned, uU persousindebted thereto aro retiuesled to mako Immedhite paymeni.aud those huving caiiUMor demanda atjuiuHt thesame wtll pve- .-lent lhem for settlement to tho undersigned, residing iu said olty.
MASHACK ROCKAFIELD. dtrU fit 5 Admlnmtrntor.
AMJflOXECN* •VOriCE.
AsaiKued  enlate of Jacob Ii.  Good, of I'eqiica townsliip, Lancaster eo.
i^HK HHld Jucoh U. Oood having hydwd ot voluntary Hssignmontusslnned aU his t-s- tjite lo tho undersiaued for the beneilt of his eredltors, all persona lndebt«d to hint are rcqiie.sted to make pnyment witliout delay, and thosehavlng claims or deuiauds ngalnst him lopreseniihesHmeto
JOHN J. OOOD, Martic I wn. HEN.T. EisULE-MAN, Contbtosa twp. dec'Jl 'TUitw Assignees
A<VSIMXEE*S NOTICE.
Ar.RAIlAM KUElTERand WIFE, of War¬ wick township, baving by dewl of volunis- ry iis.s!gnment, of Peoenibcr. IS70, fl.sslgned :'li lho estate nnd efTecls of said Abruhum Kralierlotho undersigned, lor the >]enct1tot IHh rri'ditor.'f of the said Abraham Kreller, Not ii-eU bereby given tonll per«ons ludebted to sold Assignors, to make Immediale pay¬ ment to the nndersigued without delay, and Iliose Jiavluf; claims to present lhem. to JOHN B. ERB. Assignee.
Resldiug at Llti/. Or yjjioN P. Euy. Attorney, Lancaster. Pa. dee 7 iit-4
.\CI»IT«It.S* NOTK'E.
Assigned esiute of Martin Weaver and Wife, of Kast Earl twp.
THE undersigned auditor, apjMJluted hy the Court of Cominou Pleas of Lancaster Co.. Pfl.. IO diKlrlbuie the Imliineo remuinins In the hands of Sumuel B. Follz, Assignee, to und nmong Ihoso legully entitled to the same, will nlicnd for thm purpose ou SATURDAY. the Uth dny of .lANL'Alty. 1K71, at 11 o'clock n. m.. In the Library Room of the Court House. In the City of Lancuster. where all persons interested In said dlKtrlbutloii muy atlend. W. LEA.MAN.
E. BILLINGFELT. dec:ri4tiil .'i.udltors.
AlTni'rOR*.*4 NOTICR.
IN   THE   COURTOF   COMMON   PLEASOF
LANCASTER COUNTY. .1. Frederick Thuium, )  Venditioni Erponns. vs. y No. 12,
Jucob MUIer. J       Nov. Term. l.-CO.
THE undersigned. Auditors, nppnintei] to distribule the fund arising from thn sule of derenduut'srcul e?>tnt-, liert-hygivo notloti to all parties Interested, that they wlllmeetfor the purpose of their appointment, ut the COURT HOUSE, in Lancaster, on rtATUR^ DAY, the Slst day of DECEMBER. 1S70. at 10 o'clock, a. m., wlien und where lliey uro re¬ quested to allend.        EMLEN FRANKLIN,
E. D. NOKTII, _decT 4t  Auditors.
iBiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii^^
AflDlTOKS* NOTICE.
Estate of Henry Sultzbach, late of the
Borouj^h  of Marrietta,  Jjancjister
county.Penuaylvania. deceaaed.
IyilK undersigned Auditors'  nppolnt^-d hy the C-ourt, to pnss upon exceptions (llf nny) and to dislrlbuie the balanco In 'the hands of Aaron Gable and Christian Stlbgen, Execu¬ tors of the last will and testament of said de- ceiuied. to nnd among those legally entitled to the same, will sit for thut purpose on Satph- DAY.JA.NCAEYffltth, 1B7I. Ut lu o'clock. a.m., in the Library Room of the Court Uouse, In the city of LnRcuHtor. wbero all persons   in* leresied lu suid dblrlbaUOQ may utr«nd. B. F. BEAR, HUGH R. FijLTON. B. C. KREADY, Janl 3t8 Auditors.
WANTED.
A GOOD farm band and teamster, -wbo can J\. furnish recommendations, caa flnd em- ploym4>at. A married man who will board hlmseU' prefered.
ELAM W. OEBHMatAN, . * Ifear Leaman Place Sutlon on P. K. R. deoEU 3*t6
THE :Rr£W TOBK TRIBrSE,
1870.
Through straggle and anfferlDK. ut the co^t of multiform agonies, bereaTement<i, diiva->- tatlODB, tbe American Idea embodied in lhc preamble to oor Iiithers' Declaration of Ind.'>- pendence approaches IU complete realization. Tho noblo. Inspiring os.'^ertion Uiat "all mun are created equal," and endowed by their Civ. ator with iDallenablo rights to life, liberty, and theparsnit of happineKH, i.s no Inng^r a glltterlng.BeDerality,u poet's funcy. a philoso¬ pher's iip«jplaUon,Jt)at the recognized base of our political fabric. The benign llcroliltlon. which dates from the Boston Massacre of On, finds its logical completion. Just onecentnry later. In the XVth Amendment, which gives to the equal (jolltlcnl and civil rights ttf every mnn born or naturalized In our Kepubllc tho shield and defense oflhe Federal Constitu¬ tion, The billows of Casio nnd PriviieKOinay roar and rage around thai roc If. aod may tran¬ siently seem on tiie poiut of wn^lilng it away: butltsfonndatinos ur« d^ep-lntd und Rteud- fnst, and the breakers of Heacl Ion u ii.l Slavery are hurled ugnlnsl and d:i>h liii'ir .spray over tt in vain.
We dn not underrate the foreosof Prfdjudlc- and Aristocracy. Wh ilo not lorget thata very large minorily ofihe American People still hold In Ihelr Inmost hem ts that Blacks huveno rights whlcii Whltesare iKiund lo respeci. We fullv npmeeialethedespernllonw^ierewil hull the wurrlnK elements of hatred In Republieuii nchievement will 1»*» eomhiufd uud hnrle<l uKolnst lliebBlllemeuIt of Republican !i.':cend- eiicy in lite Pr^sldeull«l Election of liC'2. UV do uot doubt Ihut local suoce.-.srs, fufilltr.lea liy Republlenn feud.s and dl.s.senslon.f. will In¬ spire theebariilnKlio.st wllh asan*iulue liopo of victory, such us uevred it to putforih its ul- luostslrensth In the enrlier ».l«i£-; oftho con- tf-HlsoflfjltlandljUtS. Yet our fiiitli IscJfarnn.l sirouKtbat tho Amenrun People slill bIes.H Cod thai, un lb» red battle-tlelds ofour lat*? Civil War. Ihe Union was upheld nnd .Slnvery flestioyeil, and will never eons'-iously dechJ.. thjii the precious Idood llu-reon jKUired out was lavished in vain.
TheTurm-Ni: believes In tiic prof:efution of the wreul stru*;s:teby lejriilmale means to beu- ellrpot ends. ToSlaleSovereijiuty. Itopposes Indissoluble Natlouwl luleL'riiy: to HUv..ry for Blocks. Llberly for All; to Proscription. Euiranrliisement: to Popular I<;noranoe. UnN versa! Educntlou; to Intensity and e-lerntly of wrathful Hnle. universal and Invincible Good wm. It would fain do Its utmost lo baslen ihfticiad day when the South shall viu witb the North In exuftutlon and gratllude over the dlsappea^anci* nf the la-sl trsce or taint of thnt spiril which Impoiled Mon loex- uit in tbe owuerMblp und ehalielhoott of hii lellow man.
Profoundly do we realize that the contest i.s notyetended—that Millions monrn. more or less juibilcl.v, thedownfull of the slaveholders Confederacy, and rear their children to hat*t th<ise by whoae valor and eon.siancy Its over¬ throw wus achieved. If we ever seem to dif¬ fer e.<:sentlally from other Repnblicdns. our conviction tliat magnanimity l-i uever weuk- ne.-is, thnt vengeance is never politic, ami titat devils are not CHSt out by Beelzchub, must servo to explain nliPKed eccentricities whosi: perftrct vindication we leuve to Time and Rf.- aectloii.
The TRinCNE hns b^en. Is, and mu.'t l>e. k zeuliMis juivocHle ol I'rntecilon to Home fn- duHliy. Ue^ariJInf; bahitual Idleness ns Ihe «reaU'st f.H.' to liuman progress, me bano of human happiness, we seek lo win our connt- rymeii in masses fi-(.m tbe ensnnriUK lure.-* of Speeuiuiir»u, of TraiUc. and of always over¬ crowded Professions, to Uie tranquil path-i of Produ'nivelnUusttv. We would gladly deplet.^ our over-crowded cilles where thousands vain¬ ly Jostle and erowtl In mlsi-uided quest of '¦fS.mielhlny to Do." lo ».over prairiea uuu plains Willi colonies aosorbud In Agrlcuilure. Mechanics and .Maimfaclures, and consiuntly proJecttQ;'Into Ihe blank, %'old wlldernefi-stni: homes und the works of civilized Man. Ho'd- iDKlhe Protection of Home luduMry hy di^- crliuluatlUK duties <ui iniporled Wares ue.i Fabrics essential to the rapid, beupllcent dii- fusloit uf Production In all its phases and de¬ partments, and so to the insirucitnn ofour people In all the gainful arls nf Peace. wi» urne our countrymen to adhere to nnd uphold tbat policy, lu undoubtlng lailh that tbe Iruo interest, uot of a cla.sa or a sectlo'i, butof eaeh aection and of every u^^eful class, is thereby subserved and promoted.
The TarurNE alms to he pro-eminentJy n -Veiff*paper. Its corresiiondeiiis traverscevery stnte, are present on every important battlt- fleld. are early advised of every noiat>ie Cnlji- net decision, observe the proeetdlnys of Con- gres-. of Legislatures, nnd ot Conventions. aud rei)ort to us by telepraph all that seems of Eoneral Interest. We have paid for one day's momentous advices from Europe iiy Cable far morethan our entire receipLs lor the issuo In wbich those advices reach our readers. Ii lavish outlay, unsleepint; Yiiiilunoe, nnd un¬ bounded faith In tbe llbernltiy und discern, ment of the reitdiuK public, will enablu us to makealournal whlrli IinHnoDuperlor in thn accuracy, variety, and freshness ofits coit- tenu, the Tiiioune shull be such a Journal.
To Acricultureand the subservient arts, wc have devoted aud shull persistently dovoie. more means and space than any of our riviiN. We aim to muke The Wekkly TumuNB sum-i u psper as no farmer c:in afford to do wiihoul. however widely his politics may difler from ours. Our reports oJ lho Caltle, Hoi-se, Pro¬ dnce. and Geuernl .Markets, are so full nnd an- curate, our essays in elucidation ofthe f.um- er's culling, aud onr regular reports of the* Farmers'Club and kindred gulb'-rluys. :ireso- intereiitlnx, that tbo poorest I'urmer will rin>-i therein a mine of sugKesllou nnd counsel, of which he cannot remain iKuorHiit wilhout po- sltiveand serious loss. We sell The Wekklit lo Clubs for less ihun its value iu dwelling.s for w:isle-paper: and thoiiKh lis suhscripiion is already very larKO. we believo Ihnt a Half Million more farmers will take It whenever It shall be comniemtfcd to Ihelr attention. We ask our frleu»l:> everj-wheie 10 aid us In com¬ mending It.
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Terms cash In ndvance
AddressThoTKitiuNi;. Now Yoik.
dec 23 11:1
EUREKxi WASHER!
riHia improved Wufh Machine liivculr;d t;y .  lienJamiuHund.
PATENTED APItIL 20th, ISTO.
Hua already attained.auch a celebrfty,for Ha wonderfal performauce In tho way of
CLEAN. SPEEDY AND TUOROUGHYt'ASH¬
ING, WITHOUT INJURYTOTUE OOODri. Tbat llltlo need  be said on that subjecU
The goods bcluK placed between tbe rnbber ana txittom. with the adjusted pressure, ali that Is required U to move the crank handio uue-fourth   circle  back anil fourth, wblcb cuuhoh rbe rutil)or to give the properaction to ihegotKls. and with the ^reale.st etuso und most   remarkahlo   result   by producing Just the  motlou besl calculated to wash. All wbo bave wlt- iiess.seed tbo opera¬ tion and performance of this machine, have such a high  opinion  of aud ore so ready to recom- mondthesame.tliatwei^mld say  nothing thnt would   be more tlatteilng or encouragln;;; than the universal  approbation freely accorded to lU—"To aeo Is to believe"—We thereforo ask ail who are Interested in laborKavlngaud truly vuluable macblnoH, to examtne this oa one of the most valnable.  For furtbur particulars addreas
TROXn", EBY A CO..
LABTCASTEB,   PENITA.
Those who wtU avail themselves of this op¬ portunity wlU never regret It.
«r'N. B,—Agenta wanted In every connty to aell theae Machines,
Tbe machines can be seen at tbe Hardware storeof steloman ft Co., Lancaster,Pa IttaB'TO
kii^^'-.-ii^-feifei^affiiciiiSSbii^^