Lancaster Examiner and Herald

              €mm
VOL.   XXII.
rUBLISHED    BY
EDWAKD C. DARLINGTOI^.
OFFICE IS NOIITH IJUEES STEEET.
The EXA.ML\ER& DEMOCRATIC HER.\LD ii published weekly nt two dollars a year.
AnvEBTisEMESia not exceeding oue squaxe will be iuseried three timesfor one dollar, and twenty five cents will be charged for each additional in- .icriion. A liberal discount iiUowed to these who udvertise Ly the year.
LANCASTER, PA., WEDNESDAY, MAY 3, 1848
NEW SERIES, VOL. X--NO. ^B,
ETERNAL JUSTICE.
BV CHARLES MACK.lV.
The man is ihought a kuai^e or fool.
Or bigot, plotting crime, Who, for the advaucemeni of his kiiut,
Is wiser than liis lime. For him the. hemlock shall Jisid ;
For him the a.'^e be bared ; For him the gibbet shall be built ;
For him the stake prepared ; Him shall the scorn nnd wrath ol men
Pursue with deadly aim ; .'ind malice, envy, spite and hes.
Shall decorate his name. Bnt truth shall conquer at the last.
For rouud and round we run. And ever the right comes uppermost.
And ever is juslice done. Pass through thy cell, old Pucrales,
Cheerily to and fro : Trust to the impulse of thy soul.
And let the poison how. They may shatter to earth the lamp of clay
'J'hat holds a light divine, Ro: they cannot quench the fire of thouglit
By any such deadly wine ; They cannot blot thy spoken words
From the memory of man, F,y all the poison ever was brewed
Since" time its course began. Tij-d.iy abhorred, to-morrow adored.
So round and round we run. And ever the trnth comes uppermost.
And ever is justice done.
Piiid in thy cave, gray anchorilc I
Be wiser ihan Ihy peers ; .Augment the range of hinnaii power.
.^lul trust tn coming years. Tlicy may call thee wizzard, nnd inooknccurs'il
And load thee wilh dispraise .• Thun wert born live hundred years too soon
For the comfort of thy day.s -, Bill not too soon for liuinan kind :
Time hath reward in store : .¦\iul the demons of our sires bcemiie
The saints that we adore. The blind can see, the slave is lord :
So round and ronnd we run. .\iul ever iho wrong is provi'd to be wrong
.And ever is juslice di'me.
Keeji Galileo, lo thy thoughi,
And nerve lliy soul to bear; They may gloat o'er the senseless words they wring
Frnm the pangs of thy despair ; Tliey may veil iheir eyes, but lliey cannot liide
The sun's meridian glow ; The heei of a priest may trend thee down.
And a tyrant work thee wo ; But never a truth has been deslroyed :
They may curse it aud call it crime ; Pervert and betray, or slander and slay
Its teachers for a lime -, But the sunshine aye shall light the sky,
As round and round wc run, And the truth .shall ever come uppermost.
And juslice shall be done.
And lives there now such men as ihese—
Wilh thoughts like the great of old .' Many have died in their misery,
,\nd left their thoughts untold ; And many live, and are ranked as mad,
And placed in the cold world's ban. For sending their bright, far-seeing suiils
Three centuries in the van. They toil in penury and grief.
Unknown if rot maligned ; Forlorn, forlorn, bearing die scorn
Of the meanest of mankind. But yet ihe world goes round and round.
And the genial seasons run, And ever the truth comes uppermost,
And ever is justice done.
The Bank Robbery.-Every ihing relating to the robbery of the Bank of Chester County, is eagerly sought for, and greedily devoured by the news mongers of the city and else¬ where. A month ago, or upwards, the Ches¬ ter County Bank hail inforinatioti thai an indi¬ vidual was buying mules in the vicinily of ilatamoias, in Mexico, and paying in tlie notes of the Bank of Chester Couuty. He was accordingly arrested. On iiivestigatioa it lurn¬ ed out that he was Ihe agent of another per¬ son in Matainoras—and accordingly tho lat¬ ter was taken up and held in custody for'lrial, and will doubtless be brought on. The arrest was most fortunate and most singular, and may lead to developements; but it is marvel¬ lous as showing iheextreme difficulty of pass¬ ing stolen properly. The individuaia doubl- 1. S3 supposed that in that remote region, thou¬ sands of miles from the: scene ofthe iheft and in a foreign counlry, they would be entirely free from detection. The story was too good to be kept a secret, and a few days ago, fonnd its way inlo a Philadelphia print, with vaiious exaggerations. Wo copy the following ac¬ count from the Evening Bulletin, with the re¬ mark, that greater caution tban ever is requi¬ site, against taking Chester Connty Bank notes of the old issue.
¦On Sunday, Mr. Mcars, Casliiei ofthe Del¬ aware County Bank, of this State, received a leller pcst-rnaiked Matainoras.slatiiig that two men had been arrested inthat lown who were supposed to be concerned in the robbery of Dr. Darlington. One of Ihe persons arrested, it appears, engaged another lo purchase mules, arid the payments of the same were made ex¬ clusively in Chester County Bank monny, which e.Mcited suspicion, and ultimately led 10 the arrest of bolli. The leiter also .stales that forty thousand dollars of ihe money can be secured, and that the prisoners await the requisition of the Governor of Pennsylvania."'
lU'SEAND Poiso.NF.D BV IIIS WIFE.—In New Vork, on Wednesday, the wife of Owen Mc- F.nlegarl; wascharged with poisoning her hus¬ band.
The wife is a very intemperate woman, and on Thursday last, prepared for her husband clam sonp and boiled mackeral, of which he paitook, and in less than two hours afterwards, was laken wiih violent vomiting. The ne.\t morning on going lo the coflee canister, McEn- legart discovered a paper marked " rsenic oi- son.'' The two iiist lellers having been loin off. The white powder lound in the paper proved lo be arsenic. Justice Drinker commit¬ ted her to prison.
EF"The Baltimore Sun chronicles the dis¬ appearance of large numbers of slaves from the ouler counties-of'Maryland, and a Balti¬ more correspondent of the New York Herald says:—From all parts of ihe Slate, we hear oflhe mysterious dissappearance ot droves o( Ihem. By this process, slavery is lapidly be¬ coming exliuct in Maryland, as those ihal are caught and brought back are immediately sold 10 slave-dealers, and sent to Ihe Southern su- irar and coiton planlalions.
Attention !—The law repealing militia trainings, ami substituting in place thereof a payment of 25 cenls by each individual sub¬ ject to July, was nol passed by the legislatuie, as is stated in some of the papers. It passed the Senate, bul was defeateii in the House.
AGRICULTURAL.
Daring Outrage.—The viUiage of Down ingtown, Chesler county, was  thrown  into a slate of e.xcilement, on Tuesday ISth ull. by the abduction ofa colored girl, under the fol¬ lowing circumstances:    Onthe evening pre¬ vious a company of five or aix men, arrived in the village, and put up at Parke's  lavern.— They came in two vehicles.    At  daylight, on Tuesday morning, the parly were in rnolion— their horses harnessed.    They  drove off, and halted at the residence of Zebulon  Thomas, Esq. an acting magistrate, w heie ihoy aKghteil', and went into the kitcheu.    As onr informant states, a black boy v/as kindling the fires, and had a candle lighted.   They took the candle and proceeded up stairs, lo a room which was occupied by the seivants; and there ihey found a colored girl 16 or 18 years of .igp, in bed or about rising.    Theciil  was seized, and  hur¬ ried down slairs and into the wagon, and was immediately driven oft at all speed. The noise alarmed the olher members oflhe family, and the desperadoes were encountered in the house by Esq. Thomas, al  whom they  presenled, a pistol, and threatened to shoot him if he at¬ tempted aieecue of the giil, whom they claim¬ ed as a [fugitive slave.    The mother of the girl, also claimed as a slave, was up and ob¬ serving the men, concealed herself, and there¬ by made her  escape,    jvlr. Thomas  pursued the men, as far as Wrst Chestor, but did  not succeed in overtaking ihem.    Itis presumed they belonged to Delawnreor Maryland.    No doubt they were led  on  by  snme  iiilormer, resident in the neighbnrhonil.   So bold an in¬ vasion oflhe domicil of a citizen of otir State, demands the fullest invesligalion and most con- di-jn punishment of Iho law.
Since the above was in type, we have learn¬ ed additional details concerning this outrage, and which characterize the act as one of the most flagitious ever perpetrated. The. men arrived in two parlies at Parke's lavern, and seemed lo be strangers—one parly .tt 9 on IMonday evening—the other at 11. Al day¬ light, on Tuesday, ihi-.y left, and after enter¬ ing Mr. Thomas' Iiouse, lonr of the men pro¬ ceeded to the garret, forced the door, which was bolted, and took the colored trirl, drag<red
her down stairs and into the carriage having
placed a gag in her monlh to preve'nt her from giving the alarm. The name of one of the parties is McLean, from Cecil connty, Mary¬ land : and he was accompanied by a police of¬ ficer of that county. Mr. Thomas, when try¬ ing lo make resistance, was seized by two of the ruffians, one of whom presenled a revolver at his head, and threatened to blow out his brains
0^ • No one should go before eleven, but every one should be in bed by twelve.'
This corresponds to ihe Englishman's rule who hung over the chimneypiece of his din¬ ing room :   ' Come at seven, go at eleven.'
But one day an erratic friend, who wished lo prolong the festivities, inserted a monosyl¬ lable, which materially changed the nature of the precept, for it then read, Come at seven. go IT at eleven.'
The Colored REPUBLicANS.-7-By reference to the account of the Great Republican Meet¬ ing in Philadelphia.on Monday last, it will be seen that the colored men of that oily got up a simultaneous meeiing in Independence Square. No objection was made to this de¬ monstration by the authorities, and the meet¬ ing is spoken of in the Philadelphia papers as having been very enthusiastic and spirited.— This fact does honor to Philadelphia aud to the enlightened .spirit of her colored cilizens, who, more than any other class, have reason lo rejoice in the establishment of a Republic, which has decreed the freedom of thousantls of their broihers in bondage.
Aeiive Pursuits the be.st Cure of flrief.
Grief, of whatever measure it may exist, will always be mosi obstinate and dangerous in those unengaged in active pursuits, and who have consequently leisure  to brood over their tronblos.    Bodily  and  mental activity, and more e.specially, when the result of ne¬ cessity must, by creating fresh trains of asso¬ ciation, and diverting the thoughts inlo new channels, lend  to  weaken the poignancy of affliction.  Noihing in trnth, serves more effec¬ tively lo lighten the calamities of life, than steady and interesting employment.    It is as wi; conceive for the reason  that females are generally exempt from ihe cares and excite¬ ments of business, and  confined  at home lo their own relatively tranquil domestic duties, that they so much oftener pine anil sicken un¬ der wounded afleciions than our own more active and busy sex.    Dr. Good observes that ] '• suicide is frequent in the distress of siege.', in the firsl alarm of civil commotions, or where they have subsided into a .stale of calmness, and the mischief they  induced are well pon¬ dered ; but it seldom take.s place in the ac- tiviiy of acimpaign, whatever may  be  the fatigue, the privations,  or the  sufferings en¬ dured.    On the lall of the Roman empire, and ihroughoul the revolution of Erance. .self-de] struclion was so common at  home, as at last to e.xcilebut little atteniion.   Itdoesnotap- pear, however, lo have stained the retreat ol Ihe ten  thousand  under Xenophen, and ac¬ cording to M'Falret, was rare in the French army during ils flight from Moscow.
CITRE
Sl'IRITS OF TURPENTINE, FOR POISON.
„,     . ,       , ... ,  ,     ,.    .       1    Ifany person shouldbe slung by a bee or
The righls of our citizens and the dignity of    ,u    ¦       .      , ••.     r. .•
e Commonwealth, deman.l that the most en-T^''" '"'"='' '"^ =°™^ 'P''"' °^ '"¦'?«"<""' ""
the place, the pain will nearly cease in one
minute. It is said that the pain arising from the bile of a copper-head snake may be ar¬ rested in a fiiw minutes, by the conlinued ap¬ plication of this article, and from my own knowledge of ils effects in other cases, I have not the least doubt of it. The efl'ect ot all poison is to contract ihe blood vessels and pre¬ vent a free ciiculation; the natural conse¬ quence is pain and inflamation immediately. Spirits of turpentine, by their penetrating and expanding qualities, soon overcome the difli¬ euliy-—Farmers' Cabinet.	
HINTS TO LOVERS OF FLOWER.S.
A most beauiiful and easily aitained show of evergreen may be had by a very simple plan, which has been found lo answer remark¬ ably well on a sinall scale. If geranium branches are t.iken from healthy and luxuri¬ ant trees just before the winter sets in, cnt as for slips, and immersed in soap and water, they will, aiter drooping for a few days, shed their leaves, put forlh fresh ones, and contin¬ ue in the finest vigor all winter. By placing a number of hollies thus filled in a flower basket, wilh moss lo conceal the bottles, a show of evergreens is easily ensured for a whole season. They require no fresh water. —Court Jaurnai.
the
Rigetic measures should  be  adopied by  the authorities of the State to bring the men to •juslice.    It is not to be tolerated, that a band of armed ruffians shall enler the domicil of a peaceable citizen, and without warrant of law, at an untimely  hour, search  it.s most secret chambers, alarm the members, and carry oil' whoever they may please.    No man's resi¬ dence would be safe, and should this outrage go unpunished^it will lead to  the very  worst consequences.  Ruffians from other Slates may prowl about, abuse and insult our people, and break in upon their dwellings with impunity.- An example should be made that will be a warning and remembrancer.-Vi/fag-e Record.
D3"The Post Office Department has jusl gone ihrough the annual process of letting to contract the enlire mail service Ihroughout a fourth part of the Union. The Slates of New Jersey Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and Ohio, compose the section that is placed under new-contracts for the transpoitation oi the raa. s by the recent lettings. We are in¬ formed that, althougll the bidders were not as niimerous as ujual, yei there was a sound and healthy competition, and the contracts have been taken at such a reduction in the prices as to give a saving of more than SlOO - 000 per annum. Besides this saving in the cost of the transportation for the section im¬ portant improvements have been made •' and in Ohio considerable additional railroad ser- vices will be brought into operation.— Wash¬ ington Union.
SUMMER MANAGEMENT   OF SHEEP.
Let us imagine tha time lo have arrived when the duties of the flock master relative to foddering bis flocks are about lobe suspended by lurning thera lo pasture. This period, in the nothern States, is from the 1st lo the 20lh of April. It is a critical lirae wilh sheep, owing to the rigor and vicissitudes of the cli¬ mate, and their long confinement to dry food especially so wilh tho finer-wooled varieties, and Iherefore claiming more than ordinary care. But many nf the duties involved re¬ quire lo be exercised a month or more ante¬ cedent lo the, time nnder consideration.
If sheep have been confined wholly within yards, and not permilled to taste the young grass until il is sufficiently advanced 10 satis¬ fy their hunger wiihoui the aid of olher food, their ia greater danger in lurning them upon it loo suddenly. This results frora ils flashy and .stimulating propertins, cansing .scours or purging, aud u:ilorlunalely wilh that jiortion of the flock leasl able lo endure Ihe attack, namely, Ihose in low flesh, and consequently feeble. In nearly all such cases dealh will oflen follow, unless a timely arresl ol the disease is made by a return in part In dry food.
But it is belter lo altend to the prevention, whicll is, to allow the flock to graze an hour or two each day for al leasl a week previous; and during this lime let the best of hay, ac¬ companied wilh grain, be provided. If sheep, however have been trained lo eal rools, and have partaken of them freely llirough the monlh of .Match, the danger accompanying the loo sudden transition from hay or other dry food, will in a measure be avoided.
Notwithstanding the duty of the shepherd may have been faithfully discharged by tak¬ ing out from time to time such as are failing in flesh during Ihe winier season, and pulling Ihem lo belter keep, yel uot a few in indiffer¬ ent condition will be found in large flocks at Ihis • period, which had bettei be separaled and treated accordingly. The two cla.sses needing this attention perhaps Ihe most, are generally ewes which have already or are about to yean, and yearlings. Whatever lliey are, let Ihem be put upon the best pasture Ihe farm will furnish, and a few only together. The seperatioii will be quickest performed by adopting Ihe following method :—Let the flock be slationed one or Iwo hundred yards dislant from the gateway or bars, and Ihen, if called by the shepherd, moving on a rnn, the weaker sheep will soon fall lo Ihe year, and when these are ahout to pass the gateway, let them be cut off from the oihers by some one in Ihe vicinily. This mode is sure, and is prelerable to pounding the flock, as mis- lakes are unavoidably committed by so doing, especially wilh yearlings, owing lo t.Se unus¬ ual length of wool in individual cases, which frequently hides from Ihe shepherd their im¬ poverished condition.
All important duty devolves upon the flock- master lo see that his sheep are regularly and plentifully salted from the lime Ihey are turn¬ ed lo pasture till the commencement (if the foddering season.
Fortunately the question, whether salt con¬ tributes lo the health and thrift of sheep, is, at the present day, no longer mooted, ils salulary effecis being universally admitted. It opera- tea to alimulate the appetite, and essentially aids the digestive organs in extracting the nutriment of food ; and within a few years it has been ascertained that ils free use lo sheep has mitigated, if nol wholly prevented, in some localities, Ihat terrible scourge lo Birtis.i flocks, the tivir-rot. lis securily against Ihe attacks of olher dangerous maladies, furiher lime and observation will doubtless demonsltale.
In Mr. Youatl's work will be found Ihe fol- lowing remarks on the benefils of salting :—
"Passing by Ihe beauiiful country of Mont¬ pelier and the mouths of the Rhone the tra¬ veller can study Ihe fine sheep and the sheep husbandry of Aries., The districl of Ihe Crau, in length nearly eighteen miles, and about half as much in breadth, extends from Ihe mountains to the sea coast. It is one uniform gentle declivity : in no part of it is Ihere the slightest portion of stagnant water, and not a tree or shrub is 10 be seen. The soil is dry and apparently barren enough, but proJucss a varied herbage well adapted to the sheep. Nol less than one hundred and thirty thousand sheep graze on this declivity"
A writer in the Memoirs of the Royal .¦Vcu- Jemy of Sciences at Paris attributes Ihe thriv¬ ing of the sheep on such a spot lo the free use of salt, thereby enabling the digestive organs lo extract every particle of nutriment which the food conlains. He says, "On this spot, seemingly so sterile, by the free use of sah, moie numerous flocks of sheep are bred and rearetl Ihan upon any other common of equal extent Ihroughout the whole kingdom; and, whal is nol less remarkable; the sheep are healthier, hardier, and endure the severity of the winier with less loss, though lliey have fewer sheep cots for covering, then those fed on more copious pastures, and Ihat have be¬ sides the advantage of more convenient shel¬ ter."
For a short time after sheep have been turned to pasture, precaution must be observ¬ ed nol lo salt Ihem loo freely, as, in conjunc¬ tion wilh ihe stimulating nature of young grass, scours or purging v. ill follow: and ils effects upon ewes .shortly before parturition, if allowed access lo it without limit, will tend lo abortion, as will be found more fully notic¬ ed in anoiher chapter.
If common fine salt (.say Salina make) is used, two qparts to the hundred, given aboul ¦'once a week, is a prudent quantity at that time, and liiay be increased lo lour quarts af-- ter Ihe first of May, for every fourih or fifth day, during the remainder ofthe pasture sea¬ son. If coarse salt (St Ubes) is used, a quar¬ ter to one-third less than the fine will be pro¬ per, it being of a much stronger qu.ility.
Salting in troughs would be well etiotigli, provided the sheep could be stationary in one enclosure; but Ihe necessiiy of Iheir removal frequently for change of pasture, requires the removal of the troughs also; and the flock- master wilh several hundred sheep will soon learn that thai is quile loo troublesome. Again troughs are thonght by many indispensable during the season when the Estris Ovis, or sheep gad-fly, is winging in tormenting career for the reception of the tar (upon which salt is sprinkled) as a defence against its attacks. Bnt this does not supersede their removal, and if time and their expense are considered, it will be found cheaper to pound the flocks several times during the flight of the fly, and with a oommon paint brvish or swab, tarring tbeir no»»» can very quickly be performed.
and far more efteotually than it can be done by ihemselves in the troughs.
The writer salts his sheep upon the ground before the dew evaporates, selecting a place which is clean, and the grass short, and di¬ vides a handful inlo two nr three parts, as a large quantity thrown upon one spot will not scatter sufficiently the quantity uaed for the flock, and thereby the sheep are afforded a more equal chance. Salt is a fertilizer of the soil, and should any be left uneaten, which is not very likely ofconrse ils effects will nol be losl.
Many suppose that sheep, late in the fall, require little or no salt. This is quile a mis¬ take, il being the very period when it will prove most useful lo Ihem, by contributing lo extract the lillle nutriment left in decaying herbage, as well ;is causing its better relish.
Salt is quile as necessary in foddering .sea¬ son, if not more so, Ihan at any other time, for the reason that dry food being harder of di¬ gestion than green, Ihe stimulating properties of salt is requisite to aid the process. Il is not imporlanl that the hay, or whatever else may be fed, is requisite to aid the process.— Il is nol imporlant thai the hay, or whatever else may be fed, is salted, if the sheep have access lo it in the troughs or mangers. Bnt if the hay is salted when it is secured, none else will be required. This is deemed by a laige majority lo be Ihe belter way, and coin¬ cides wilh the writer's views and practice.— MorreIVs American Shepherd.
BLIGHT IN FRXHT TREES.
I noticed in the July number of the " .\- metican Jonrnal of Agricnlture and Science," an article on Ihe subjecl uf blight in fruil trees: the aulhor of which gives a clear des¬ cription of the disease in all its varied appear. ancee, and of its destructive effects, bul ac¬ knowledges his total ignorance of the causes, consequently leaving ns in Ihe .sanie'siltialion he found us, so far as rel.iles to the remedy. Now, it appears to me that more benefil would be derived from a research into the causes- for when that is once found onl, no doubl a remedy would be near at hand.'
Every close obsarver may notice the same phenomenon which the author of the article describes, bul to find the cause and to point oul a safe, sure, and cheap remedy, requires sorae investigation, something moie than a passing notice, and can hardly be done with¬ out labor and observation; and it is only through publications like your journal that we can make known to our fellow agriculturists the results of onr observations. I take the liberty of oflering a short account of the results of ray experiment which I made the last season in relation to this subjecl. (¦ _In the first place it may be proper to slate that for some years past I had observed a dis¬ ease in the form of blight on different sorts of fruit, as well as .some forest Irees. Of the ihe former, the apple, pear, peach, and quince Irees, which more especially showed ils ef¬ fects in all of them, except the peach. The disease was so well referred lo, that I deem it unnecessary to say anyihing furiher on the subject. Bul Ihe efl'eci on the peach tree is somewhat difl'erent. For instance, of the af¬ fected leaves and branches, dying and curling up, the leaves only curl and assume a redish appearance, while the growth is retarded, and in the course ofa few years dealh is Ihe con¬ sequence.
The blight haa nol affeeled the apple Irees in this vicinity teas great an extent as it ap¬ pears to have done in sorae other parts; still they are affected more or leas, and especially the Spilzenburg varieiy.
Having observed Ihal Ihis disease was on Ihe increase, that it gained on the trees affecli ed with it every year, I began to think Ihal unless a remedy conld be found for it, and it shonld continne to increase, it would not be long before several kinds of fruit would be totally lost.
Having already become convinced thai the disease which waa desiroying the potato ciop was caused byan e.xcess of oxygen in the at¬ mosphere, it occurred lo me whether il might nnt be the cause of the blight in question; I had also a lol of yonng grafted apple Irees which had blossomed for several years, bnl bore little fruit, and whal ihey did bear was poor and knotty. Many of the leaves by midsummer looked sickly, and some of the young branches, with their Iprvph turned brown, and died.
1 noticed also that this wa." the case wilh the plnm and quince trees, more particularly Ihe laller. I had also observed for several ye.ars, instead of ihe blossoms falling off in a healthy .stale, the petal ends of Ihepears turn¬ ed brown while ou Ihe Irees, as if they had been in contact with fire, and consequently there had been but little fruit.
In consideration of ihe.se things, and hav¬ ing become confident that the disease was at¬ mospheric, I concluded to Iry fine lime on the trees when Ihey were casting Iheir blo.s- soms. I did so, by taking a damp day, when ihere waa little or no wind, and Ihrew the lime up in handsful among the branche.s, as high as 1 could, leaving the upper branches with¬ out the lime. The result was that almost every blossom made an apple as far as Ihe lime reached, and Ihe branches were so load, ed wilh fruit, long before Ihe lime of matur¬ ing, Ihat the ends were resting on Ihe ground; the fruit was remarkably fair and healthy, and no signs ol blight appeared onthe branch¬ es.
Perhaps Ihe reader wonld wish lo know how it was with the upper branches on which no lirae was put. I answer by saying, that the fruil on them was le.ss abundant and less fair, although in the common way the upper branches bear more and better fruit than the lower ones. 1 made the same trial with ray plum Irees, e.xcept one : they all bore well, with Ihe exception of the one on which I pul no lime; and although this was the best and most thrifty tiee of the whole, and blos.somed well, yet il scarcely had any plums. j When my young trees came into blossom 1 also Iried lime in the same way; they bore well, showed very little signs of blight, while the young shoois on my neighbors' trees were from one-lourlh lo one-third dead by the first of Slh raonth, (August.) I may also mention, when I took my quinces to market they sold for double the price that my neighbors ob¬ tained for theirs.
This is the first year Ihat I have made the experiment; it may nol succeed another year as it has Ihis, bnt I intend lo try it on a rauch larger scale than I have done the past year.— I think also I shall repeat it about the middle of the Gth month, (June) as I discovered last year that it would be better to apply it by hat time. Cokkblwis Ci^ase.
SIGNOFAPROSPERO.es  FAR.MER.
1. When a farmer is seen marrying young il shows.that Providence helps those who help themselves, and that iu future he will have "help.s" of more kinds than one.
2. When lights are seen burning in his house befure break of day, in winter e.spec'mlly it shows that the day will never break on his " breaking" in the winier of adversity.
3. When you see his barn larger than his house, it shows thai he will have large p.-ofils and small affeciions.
4. VVhen yon see him driving his work in¬ slead of his work driving him, it shows he will never be driven from good resolutions, and thai he will certainly work his way lo prosperily.
5. When yuu see in his house rnore lamps for burning lard or grease, than candlesticks for more expensive purposes, it shows that economy is lighting his way lo happiness, and with Ihat light which should '= enlighten every farmer in Ihe world."
6. When yon always see in his wooden house a sufficiency for three days, if nol more il shows that he will be more than a ¦' ninety days wonder" in farming operations.
7. When he has a small house, seperate from the main building, purposely for ashes, with an iron or lin vessel to transport Ihem, it shows that he never built his dwelling lo be a funeral pile for his family and perhaps for himsell.
8. When his hog pen is boarded inside and ont,- it shows that he is going the " whole hog" in keeping plenty inside his house and poverty nut.
When his sled is honseil in summer and his farming implements covered both winter and summpf, il plainly shows that he will have a good house over his head in the sum¬ mer of early life and the winier of old age.
10. When his cattle are properly shielded and fed in winter, it is evident that he is act¬ ing according lo scripture, which says that a merciful man is merciful lo his beasts.
11. When he is seen subscribing for a newspaper, it shows Ihat he is speaking like a book respecting the lalesi improvements in agricullure, and ihal he would never got his walking papers lo the land of poverty.
AHEKK^AN AGRICITLTITRE—VALVE OF IIE.N MANURE.
The complaint of the fly on turnips aud bugs on cucumbers and other similar vines, i.s one of yearly and sometimes long occur¬ rence. The mischief done by these little pests is very provoking, and frequently results in losses of labor and good crops, which ai e very discouraging lo cultivators. I have lalely been informed by an inlelligent and skilful cultivator, that the following preparaiion af- ords an ample and complete remedy. Take hen manure one part, reduce il as well as you can to powder; then wilh an equal part of plaslei of Paris, incorporate well together, and sprinkle Ihe mixlure over the vines or sow it over the drills of your turnips.
Hen manure is free from the seeds of foul weeds, and in consequence of Ihe grcal abun¬ dance of ammonia it conlains, il poasesse.s a great efl'ect in pushing planls forward. Hence for tomatoes, peppers and similar planls, in our nothern climate, it pcssesses high value. It is well worlh being saved with care by farmers and gardeners for every purpose of cultivation. Care should be used, however, in ita application, for if given in loo large quantities and placed iu loo close proximity to Ihe rools pf the plant, its eftecls are falal. Ils value for all purposes is greatly increased by being mixed wiih charcoal, or when this is not al hand, wilh piaster. Every man who keeps hens should have his hen-house so coustrucled aa lo save .all the manure, and save it dry as may be, and he will find il no inconsiderable ilem in his mailers of rural economy. \V. B.iro.\.
American Agriculturist.]
IRRIG.ATION.
Irrigation, as employed by Ihe farmer, is chiefly beneficial in proportion lo the amount uf saline and decomposing malter contained ill solution by Ihe water employed. Rut Ihis is nol the exclusive cause of benefit, for much of Ihia arises frora the increased and perma¬ nenl supply of moisture to the roots of the plants. Those can only derive food from ihe soil in a gaseous or liquid form : and the de¬ composing matters in a soil decompose, and consiantly are converted into gaseous and sol¬ uble mailers, wilh a rapidily proportioned to the abundance of water supplied lo ihem.— E.vperience shows Ihal Ihere is in Ihe kilchen garden scarcely a crop ihal is not benefited by a mnch more abundant supply of water than can be obtained usually: and I can bear testi¬ mony to the correctness of Mr. Knight's con¬ clusion, nol limiting, however, ray approval of such abundant watering lo lale crop of peas, but to all, as well as beans, spinach, and the entiie cabbage tribe. Kidney beans and polaloes are not benefited by such an abundance of water.
" The quantity of water," says Mr. Knight. " which may be given with advtinlage to plants of almost every kind, dnring warm and brighl weather, is, I believe, very mnch greater than any gardener who has nol seen the result will be inclined lo suppose possible; and it is greater Ihan I myself conld have be¬ lieved upnil any olher evidence Ihan ihal of aclual experience.
" My garden in coramon with many others, is supplied wilh water by springs, which rise iu a more elevated shnalion ; and this circum¬ stance afforded me the means of making a small pond, frotn which I can canse the water lo flow onl over every pnt ofevery oiher kind through every part of Ihe snmmer; and I cause a stream lo flow down the rows of cel- erj-j and along the rows of brocoli and other plants, which are planted oul in summer, with very great advantage. But the most exten¬ sive and beneficial use which I make of the the power lo irrigate my garden by Ihe means above raentioned, is in supplying ray lale crops of peaaabundantly with water, by whicli the ill effects of mildew are almost wholly prevented; and my table is mo.st abundantly .supplied wilh very e.xcellenl peas Ihrough the month of October."—Dictionary of Garden¬ ing.
mscejEaneous.
INSTINCT OF PL.ANTS.
Hoare, in his treatise on the vine, gives a striking exemplification of the instinct ol plants. A bone was placed in the strong but dry clay of a vino border. The vine .sent out a leading or tap robt directly ihrough the clay, to the bone. In its passage through the clay, the main root threw om no fibres, bnt when il reached the bone, it entirely covered it, by degree.s, with the most delicate and minute fibres, like lace, each one sucking al a pore in the bone like a litter of pigs tugging at their dam as she lies down on the sunny side of the farm yard. On this luscious morsel of a mar¬ row bone would the vine continue lo feed, as long as any nutriment remained lo be exiract ed. Whal wonderful analogies there are rnn- ning through the various fonns of animal and vegetable creation, to stimulate curiosity, to gratify research and, finally, to le,-id our con¬ templations from nature, in a leeling of rever¬ ence " up to nature's God !"
As to the vine spoken nf by Hoare, it is worlhy of remark that the root went no fnrlher Ihan the bone, which it seems to have literally smell oul as would a hungry dog, in passing.
EXTRAVAGANT LANGUAGE.
There is an untasteful pr.iclice which is a growing sin among young ladies—1 mean the common   nse   of exaggerated,   extravagant merles of speech ; saying splendid for pretty, magnificent for handsome,  horrid for very disagreable. immense for large, Ihousands or myriads,  for any  number more than two. Were I to write dovni for one day, tbe con¬ versation of some young ladies of my acquain¬ tance, and then lo interpret it literally, il would  imply Ihal, within  the compass of twelve hour.s, they had met wilh more mar¬ vellous adventures and hair-breadth escapes —passed through more distressing  experi¬ ences—seen more imposing spectacles— en¬ dured more fright, and enjoyed more rapture, than would suffice for half a dozen common lives.    This habit is allendcd wilh many in¬ conveniences.    Il deprives you of the intel¬ ligible use of aliong expressions when you need them.    If you use Ihem all the lime, nobody   understands or believes you  when you use them in earnest.    You are in the .same predicaraent with the shepherd  who cried "wolf" so often when there was no wolf, that nobody would go to his relief when the wolf came.    This habit has also a very bad raoral lendency. Our words have a reflex influence upon our characters.    Exaggerated .speech  makes one   careless   of   the   truth. The habil of using words wilhont regard lo their rightful meaning, often leads one lo dis¬ tort facts, to mis-report conversations, and to magnify statemenls, in matters in which the literal truth is important to he lold.    Yon can never   trust the  teslimonv of one  who,  in common conversalion, is indifl'eient  to   the import, and regardless of the power of words. I am acquainted wilh persons whose repre¬ sentations of fact? always needs translation and  ¦-nrrectinn,  and who  have  utterly  lost reputation   for veracity, solely through this habit of overstrained and extravagant speech. They do not mean to lie; but Ihey have a di¬ alect of their own, in which words bear an
entirely different sense from that given them
in the daily intercourse of di.screel and snbei
peopie.
SHOT TOWER.
This edifice  was erected, some years ago, by Mr. George Yonle, and is situaied on Jlaii- hattan island, a few miles from the city of New York.   I', rises to the height of one hun¬ dred and fifiy seel, and forms one of the most siriking objecis amid   Ihe picturesque and beautiful scenery with which,il is surrounded. The East River, thronged withsleamboalsand olher vessels, flows al ils base.   Thetowtr needs noihing bill antiquity, and a mantle of clinging ivy. and above all, ihe charm of le¬ gend and Iradition, in  order lo afford as good a subject for the pen of the poel or noveli;l, as it already does for the pencil of the artist. Or if il were (as might well be seen ils stately height) the  monumenl  ofa  heio, orevena lighl-house, to guide  benighted  marinets lo their haven, nothing would be easier than to surround it with romantic associations.    Bul il is almost  impossible lo connect the senti¬ ment uf romance wilh a Shot Tower.
When we consider the small aize of the ariicle, to the nianufacture of which this lofty .structure is devoled, the means appear great¬ ly out of proportion wilh the result. Former¬ ly, in casting shot, Ihe apparatus was merely a plate nf cupper, in the boitom of which were punched a nnmber of small holes.— This waa placed a few feel above a kettle ol water, into which the melted lead descended, afier passing Ihrough the holes in the plate.— But in falling so suddenly cooled and hardened, he shot did not acquire a perfeclly globula r form,—a desideratum which is now attained by means oi Shot Towers. In ihat of Mr. Yonle. the largest size shot (alls from the sum- rail of the edifice to the bottom .of a well, twenty-five feel below the surface of the earlh, raaking Ihe whole descent aboul ooe hundred and .seventy-five feet. The size of the shot is delermined by the size of the holes through which il passes. The furnaces, for melting the lead, are silualed near Ihe summit of the tower. Three tons of shot is the quantity usuallj manufactuied per day.
This method of ca.stiiig shot waa invented by Mr. Watt, the celebrated engineer, in con¬ sequence, il is said, of a dream. He tried the experiment from the lov/er of the church ol St. Mary Redcliffe, and, find'ng it successful, obiained a patenl, which he afterwards sold for len thonsand pounds. There are now .several shot lowers in the vicinity of London. The loftiest of ihese is one hundred and fifty feel high, and gives a fall ot one hundred and thirty feet to the melted lead. An iron stair¬ case ascends frora the base to the sumrait of the tower. Arsenic is mingled with the mol¬ ten lead, in the proporiion of forty pounds lo one ton. In casting, the metal is not ponred through a Inbe, but descends ihrough the open space of the tower, in a continual stream ol silvery dfop.s. As Ihe weight of the le.id pre¬ vents il from scattering, or being 'olown about like water-drops, the workmen pass to and fro
TACT AND TALENT.
Talent is somcihirn.'; but tact is every thing. Talent is serions, .sober and grave; tact is all thai and more loo.    it is nol a sevenih sense, but it is the life of all the five.   Il is the open eye, the quick ear, ihe judging taste, the keen smell, .tnd the lively touch ; the interpreter of all riddles, the  surmounler ol all difficulties, the remover of all obstacles.    It is useful in all places, and at all times.    It is useful in soli¬ tude, for it shows a man the way into the world; it is uefnl in socieiy, for it shoves him the way through the world.   Talent is poi'er; tact is skill.   Talent is weight; tact is mo¬ mentum.   Talent knows what lo do ; tact knows how lo do il.   Talent makes aman re¬ spectable; tact will  make him respected.— Talent is wealth ; tart is  ready money.    Fot the practical  purpose ol   life,  lact  carries it against talent, ten to one.   There is no want of dramatic lact or talent, but they are seldom together; so we have successful pieces which are not respectable, and respectable pieces which are nol successful.   Take them to tbe bar, and let ihem shake their learned curia at each other in legal rivalry; talent sees ils way clearly, bul lact is firsl al its journey's end.— Talent has many a  compliment   from  the bench ; but tact touches fees from attorneys and clients.    Talent speaks learnedly and logically tact, triumphantly.   Talent makes the world wonder that it gets along nu faster ; tact excites astonishment that it gels along so fast.   The secret is, it has no weight lo carry; it makes no false steps; it bhs the right nail on the head; it takes all hints.
Take tbem into the church. Talent has al. ways somelhing worlh hearing; tact is sure of abundance of hearers. Talent may obtain a living; tact will make one. Talent gels a good name; lact gels a great one. Talent convinces; tact converts. Talent is an honor to the profession ; tact gains honor from tha profession.
Take Ihem to court. Talent feels ita way; tact makes its way. Talent commands; tact is obeyed. Talent is honored with approba¬ tion; tact is blessed with preferment.
Place them in the Senale. Talent has the ear of the house; but tact wins its heart and gains its voles. Talent is fit for employment; but lact is fitted for it. Il has a iiack of slip¬ ping into place, wilh a sweet silence and glib- ne.ssof movement, asa billiard ball insinuates itself into Ihe pocket. It seems lo know every thing, wilhout learning any Ihing. It wants no driUing. It has no left hand, up deaf ear, no blind side. It puts on no looks of won¬ drous wisdom, it has no airs of profundity; but plays with the details of place as dexter- ouslyas a well-taught hand flourishes over the keys of a piann.forte. It has all the air of common-place and all the force of power and genius. Talent calculates clearly, reasons logically. Tact refutes withoul contradicting, puzzles the profound without profundity; and
without danger, close beside this fiery cas-j without wil, outwits the wise
cade.   The shot is of different sizes, from 1    Set them on a lace  for popularity, pen in
No. 1, or Swan Shot, lo .N'o. 12, which is called
Dust Shot.    When  firsl manufaclured, they
are of a dull white color, withoul lustre, and are polished by being shaken logether inan iron barrel which is made to revolve by ma¬ chinery. This process gives thera their blnck lustre, and they are then ready lor .-ale.
IMPORTANCE OF FARMING.
The farmer should be placed in Ihe fronl rank of the toiling millions of our land, he- cause hia employment gives life and support to ihe whole. The agricultnral interest may be regarded as the corner slone upon which the vvhole fabric slands. We know Ihat arti¬ sans exisied at an early age of Ihe world, and that mechanism was an art bolh laughl and practiced. Cilies were erected which requir¬ ed art, skill, and mechanical genius; bul Ihe foundation ot the whole was the fruil of tho earlh and cultivation of the soil. It has been so since, and ever will be. Th.it the farmer is dependent on the mechanic and manufac¬ turer as co-workers in his labors no one will deny. The improvemenis in the arts and sciences tend to advance Ihe farming interest and to lighten Ihe burdens and labors of those who swing the scythe and the plow. But what would Ihnse fine specimens ol ingenuity industry, and skill, which we have witnessed at our fairs, be worth, if their were none to apply them to their destined use ( The plow or the harrow would be a poor ornament for the parlor. The cradle and scythe would not help the miser in counling his gold, nor would the hoe and spade avail the stock-jobber in his schemes ot speculation. How soon would your splendid factories decay and go lo ruin, if there were none to raise Ihe cotton or wool! Ah! and how would Ihousands of bu.sy in¬ mates Ihat lend the spindle and the shuttle subsist, were it nol for the productions brought forth from mother earth. It is indeed, Ihe tilliDg tha soil that, with the aid of divine Pro- videnoe, (fives temporal life and support to the whole human race.
CONCERNING YOURSELF.
You cannot find a more ¦ companionable per.son than yourself, if proper allenlion be paid to the individual.   Y'ourself will go wiih you wherever you like, aud come away when yon  please—approve your jokes,  assent m your propositions, and, in short, he in every way agreeable, if you only learn and praciice the  Hue an of  being on good teims wiih yoursell.    This, however, i.s not so easy as some imagine, who do not often Iry the ex¬ periment.     Yourself, when it catches j-ou in company with nn olher person, is apl lo be a severe critic on your faults and loible.*, and when you are censmed by yourself, il is gene¬ rally the severest and moat intolerable species of reproof.   Il is on this account Ihat you are afraid of yourself, and seek any associates, no mailer how inferior, whose bold chal may keep yourself from playing the censor. Y'our- self is likewise a jealous fiiend.   If neglected and slighted, il becomes a bore, and to be left even a short tirae   "by j-ourself"   is then regarded aa actually a cruel penance as many find when youth, health, or wealth have de¬ parted.   How important itis then lo "know ihyself," lu cultivate thyself, lo respect Ihy¬ self, to  love Ihyself warraly but rationally. A sensible self is the best of guides, for few commit errors bul in broad disregard of its admonitions.   It lugs continually ai the skin, of men lo draw thera from iheir cherished vices.    It holds up  its shadowy finger in wai ning when you go astray, and it sermo¬ nizes sharply ou your sins after they have been committed.   Onr nature is twofold, and ils noblest part is Ihe self lo which we refer. It stands on the aleit lo check the excess of the animal impulses, and though it becomes weaker in the fulfillment of ils lask by re¬ pealed disappointments,  it is rarely so en¬ feebled  as 10 be unable to rise up occasionally sheeted and pale, like Richard's victims, lo overwhelm the offender wilh bitter reproach¬ es.     Stud)-, therefore, lo be on good terras with yourself—it is   happiness   to be truly pleased with yourself.
CHALLENGE IN THE BACKWpOflS.
It so happened that while Major Campion was travelling in his own conveyance, and ac- corapanied by his wife, during a pleasant day la.st sumraer, he came to a halt on the margin of a certain river, and shonled for the terry- man. In duo liim: the iiuli.spensable gentle¬ man was ready, and while enquiring the news of the day. he was suddenly smitten bya new thought, anil dropping Ihe paynler of the old scow, looked inquiringly into the Jlajor's lace, when the following dialogue ensued,
"Stranger, ain't your name Majoi Camp¬ ion ">¦'
" Yea MI, it is. What business huve jiiu to tran.sacl with me !"
" You are the very man 1 have long been wanting to see, for ynu inust know that I am the 'Bully of ihe North.' "
" Indeed.    What do I eare for ihal'V' "I've heard tell  of Ihal  yon are a famous fighter, and I should like to have you give me a thrashing, if ynn can."
" Why, man, I have nothing again.sl jou, and do nnt want lo make a fool of mysell."
" But you shall, though, my honey ; and you don't cro.ss Ihis ferry until it is decided who is cock ol iho walk.''
Heraonstranceson the [Kiitof the Major was all in vain—the ferryman was determined to fight. The .Miijor held a short consultation with his lady, who wa.-, of course in great llrouble; but taking ofl' his coal and unbutton- na his straps, he stepped oul npon a grassy spot, and waited for the ferryman's atlack.
To shorten a long story, the fight was a te¬ dious one, and ended ia the total defeal ol the challenger, who presenled in himself, after the struggle, an admirable picture of mis-spent lil'e. He had .strength enough left, however, to fei ry the champion over Ihe river: and whe'- the Major offered to paj Ihe accustomed fare, the latter held nol oul his hanil, bnt making a rude bow, he exclaimed—" Not a dime, sir. Good afteinoon."—Stimincr in the Wdderness.
hand, and tact will dislance talent, by half the course. Talent brings lo market that which is needed; lact produces that which is wished for. Talent leads where no nne follows; tact follows where no one leads. Talent toils for posterity; tact calches thu pa.s.sioti of the pass¬ ing hour. Talent is a fine ihinu to talk about, .md be pioud of; but lai-t is useful, portable, always alive, always raarkelable. It is Ihe talent of talents, the availableness of res.iurcee, the applicability ot power, Ihe eye of diicrimi- nalion, the right hand of intelleci.
HARD OF HEARING.
"I have a small bill againsi ynu," said a pernacious looking collector as he entered the store of one who had acquired the character of hard customer.
" Yes, sir, a very fine day indeed," was ihe reply.
" I um uol speaking of ihe wealher, but your bill," replied Peter in a louder key.
" It would be beller if we had a little taiii.'i
" D—n Ihe rain," continued the colleclor, and raising his voice he bawled,''have you any money on your bill 1"
"Beg your pardon, sir, I'm a lillle hard of hearing.   I have made il a. rule not lo loan my fund lo strangers—and I really don'l re cognize you."
" I'm colleclor lor Ihe Philadelphia Daily Extinguisher, sir, and have a bill against you," persisted the colleclor, at tho top of his voice, producing tho bill and ihrnsting it into the face of the debtor.
" I've delermined lo endorse fur no one, you put your note back in your pocket book—I re¬ ally cannot endorse it."
'''Conionnd  yonr   undorsemenl—will you
pay ill'!
"You'll pay it! No doubl, sir,—but there ia always some risk aboul these raati'^is, you know—but I must decline it, sir."
MIKE FINK.
A .\ew-England pas.senger on board of one of our steamboats was inquiring anxiously for an introdnclion tn an old Mississippi boatraan one who knew .somelhing abonl Mike Fink.— The clerk Infoirned him ihat an introduction was unnecessniy ; if he would go up and talk to the pilot he might learn from him the whole hi.slory of the old boatman. Up wenl the Yankee, and afli'i circulating round I.ige two or three times, he spoke :
"How d'ye deW, pilot—^ihey ;a> yeou are an old friend nf Mike Fink's.''
"I knew him like a brother.'-answered I.ige.
"Well, now dtw tell me suiaeihing aboul him, some ane.-dol.- " requested the New Englander.
" I don't know .is 1 recollect any real brighl ne just now—I do recollect .his laking a pte- j-iription once.'
"What was thatV eagerly inquired the strangei.
" Why, he eal a whole buffalo robe," an¬ swered Lige, with the greatest gravity ima¬ ginable.
" Well, dew tell! What in patience did he masticate that for !'• furlhei inquired the stranger.
Lige lurned round tn the other pdot, and winking his eye, observed—'•' He's sold, aint he, Jim?"
"Yeou aint tolil me what he chewed the buffalo robe for," cnntinued the New-Eog- lander.
"Why, the fact is," said Lige, "thedoctora lold him he had lo.st the coating of his slom¬ ach, ai he drank noihing but New-England rum, he thought he'd dress his insides up in sulhin' that 'nd stand Ihe cu.ssed pizen stufl, .so he tiled buffalo wilh the hair on. and it helped him mightily!" The anxions inqnirer waa sali.?fied.
Reveillt.
RrFLECTloN.—.\s in review we look back on our pa?t lives, we regret many a bargain we have made, and many a step we hava taken. Here we went too fast, there loo slow; one day we lost by our folly, and the next day by our pride anil extravagance. In reviewing the past we thns see cause for repentance. But there is one thing we are never sorry for, let U'; live as long as we may —we never mourn a correct and virtuous lil'e. When pillowed for the night, we have no reproaches for a good deed or a kind sug¬ gestion. Wheu the world has no attraction (,r US—when its prospects and its glories are fading from our gaze, and the visions of au eternal stain are bursting upon-us, it is then that we love lu think on an honest and up¬ right life. Who, with Iho .hour of death in view, wonld perform a wicked aell One hour of serious reflection will unfit us fot any vicious society or unholy career. How sliange ii is that, amid the dying and the dead, mankind will so far forget Ihamselves and their creator, as to servo .t career of folly and crime, when the next breath of diaeisa may iweep thsra to destruolioa.