Pittston Gazette and Susquehanna Anthracite Journal

              MI NMWgjMWiUfli * PITTSTON ififeSl GAZETTE AND SUSQUEHANNA ANTHRACITE JOURNAL. a tStokltj IStitis(i[ifft-"( Sttinfrt fa Pjws, littrufurr, |%litira, tlje i8mtmtile, alining, Mwjinniral, nnb %iralural Snteresta nf tjjr Cmntfttj, Snstrurtfon, Jlnmsmtnt, for. )--Ciud Mm fn Jlnntim. VOLUME 3.--NUMBER 42. PITTSTON, PA., FRIDAY, JUNE 3, 1853. WHOLE NUMBER 146. TI1E PITTSTON (JAZETi'E, make ot it one vast plantation which will produce for us all that the climate of India affords, and, being at our own doors, will want from us in return everything which we have to spire. And what is it that new, settlers in a new country do not country, the classic lund of South Ainer. to fetch and carry our Brazilian correspondence, her merchants have two weeks ot more tlie start of ours in all the markets ot thm portion of South .America. mental as it oftentimes does to the optical powers ; we are looking a great way—the eye is adjusted for distant vision, and the very thing we are seeking by being close escapes us. we establish the foundations of commerce with a country that is alone capable of sustaining the entire present population of the world. HEART TRITLER8 AND Richards had been around Cape Horn among the anliscians ; he visited the great quicksilver mines of HuancaVelica, und walked through their magnificent galleries, roofed and floored with cinnabar, and supported l»y pink stained columns of the same mineral. He stoud upon the shores of Lake Titicica, and saw the Dcsaguade. ro ltiver, which sometimes empties info that lake, and sometimes runs from it. He ascended the snow cupped peaks of thaj mountain range, from whose sides more than two thousand millions of silver dollars have been taken. Ho saw the lama, the acutia, and the alpaca tainid on one hand, and feeding wild in their mountain fastness, es on the other. He descended through the gloiious piedmont country of Bolivia, which is drained by the tributaries of the Amazon. Passing through the region of silver, lie approached the diamond districts and the auriferous streams of Brazil ; and on the descent from the Andes, his eye compassed at one sweep, the whole range ot the vegetable gamut-, from the region of perpetual snow on the Andes, to the fields of cvei lusting summer in the tropical plains below. Iiu travelled thrbuglt a country where one tree bears the fruit of bread; another stands in the place of n cow, und yields to the native his favorite beverage, the juice of the milk tree ; where another produors a nut thut ho uses as a candle ; and another yields him, at the same liine, food, raiment1, fuel find shelter There are few individual's in the world, or at Icaiit few in civilised society, whw have not two places of existence, so to speak—one an inner and the other at» outer—one connected with the commerce, the business and the ambition of the world —the other with its social life, its. domeslie relations, its passions, its emotions, and gentle susceptibilities. Many pf.r. sons who, in the eyes of tiro thoughtless multitude at large, are among the most fortunate and most envied of mankind, are nevertheless entitled to pity and sympathy rather than to envy, because they are unioriunate in the affairs of the heart, or in other words, are unhappy at home.—- Who can conceive of a more wretched State of existence than that of the deceived and betrayed of either sex, who having lavished all their affoctions upon some particular object, and unked their destinies with that object, under a belief of sympathy, reciprocity and mutuaV regard, find too late that they have been worship, ping a false idol, that some mercenary or other selfish motive was the real inducement, and that sadness, neglect and disappointment must be their lot for the rest of their days. We can imagine nothing more criminal than perfidy, falsehood and treachefy under these circumstances— Lile is thus robbed of its most exquisite hopes—the disposition is embittered, the mind turns upon itself in the very agony of despair, and disease and prematura death are often the consequences. The victim, too, is compelled in most Cases to suffw in silence. A sense of pride prevents complaint, While a sense of mortifw cation gnaws at and eats out the very ele. ments of being. Alas ! for all who are thus unfortunate, who have given away the freshness of their gushing affections and who-have received fn j'etQCn nothing but hollowness, indiflereuce—perhaps contempt. The wretch who would thus deliberately deeeive and destroy, merits a fearlul retribution. The misery that fl0 or she has meted out to others, will sooner or later be visited back again. And this language is applicable to both seXes, for both at times are at. fault. Who cannot point out instances—instances in which the best feelings of the heart have been trifled with, and in which unwavering affection-* affection that amounts to monomaniaaffection that is blind fo error and even to crime—is paid back even with indiffer. ence and scorn? What earthly hopor, what successful fortunes, can Compensate for a disappointment like this ? How guilty is the mocker of the heaft under these circumstances ! With what agOny must the discovery be at first realized by the deceived ? But there is another species of triflers—male as well as female, who are often the causes of infinite anxiety. We allude to the heartless, the con. ceiled and the cold, who, with no feeling of susceptibility themselves, delight in sporting with the affections and wrecking the happiness of others. How much misery has been caused by these triflers!— We could point out more than one touching case. Nay, we believe that many a heart has been broken, many a gentle spirit has been crushed, many a life has been embittered by this cruel polioy. The cold and t/ie worldly may laugh at all such doctrines, while tho selfish and tho hardhearted may deem it impossible for suCh susceptibility to exist in human riature. But those who have studied (fie in. ner man as well as the outer, who haver penetrated the barrier of worldlings which concfiafs the workings of the human brea«t, who have in some tfioOghtful hour won tho confidence, ano* thus revived tho recollections of the susceptible and the deceived, will be able to tell another story.  There is no lot' rri'ore bitter than that of broken hopes, misplaced affections, or vio. lated sensibilities. Alany a poor wretch has been driven to despair through such unhappy influences. And thus, when We read the details of some frightful suicide committed in an hour of rxcitemont and jnadness, we cannot but commiserate the unhappiness of the deluded and infatuated, while We deplore the rashness and the crime. He is iniJeed fortunate, who hfttt never experienced these moments of despondency and gloom, tyho has never taken to his heart some cherished idol, and found, alas! that he was embracing a phantom. Reason has but lrttls influence under such circumstances. The exoitements of the world are often powerless. The one wild thought wilf rettirn, and imaginalion will bedeck the false one with a thousand charms that were never possessed. Sviw. pathy, harmony and reciprocity are'tha essentials of worldly happiness between two beings who are united together in tho bonds of matrimony, and without the.Ce, the condition is to be avoided rather than to be envied. And when, too, hopes are held out—hopes of a mutual regard, only to be mocked at and dffsifDated by some sudden whim or heartless caprice, the effects are often painful for life. Distrust is felt for mankind at large, arid the baffled dream of affection, a dream that *a» dispelled |just as the devoted one fancied that it was about to be realised, lingers with its memories of bitterness and anguish, until youth has departed, and life itself has become pointless and aimless. Yet woe unto those who coolly and deliberately trifie with the feelings and trample npon the hearts of others. The very cup of anguish which thev present with so fascina* ting a hand, may in tarn be placed to their own lips !—Pa. Inquirer. Siitqiichana Anthracilc Joiirnul Now, by the establishment of this line to Para—and it can go there ih eight days —and having it to connect with the Brazilian line thenco to Rio, which runs twice a month, wc shall be able to get our letters to Rio in about half the time that it now takes us through England. Thus this line would divide mails and passengers both with the English, not only from Rio and Brazil, but from Buenos Ayres, and the whole La Plata County also ; for from the mouth of that river to Rio there is also a regular mill I linq of steamers, The future of these United States, so far as commeroe with Europe may affect it, is charming—so far as our relations with the markets of the Pacifio may bear upon it, is vast; but, in so far as it is touohed by the Amazon, it is dazzling. Just here a gentleman direct from Lima has stepped in upon me with messages and dispatches from that far country. The Amazonian fever is raging there. Peru is abuut to establish free norts upon her tributaries lo the Amazon,:}: that she may let iu I he Mississippi steamboat upon the waters there. PUBLISHED WEKKLY BV G. M. RtCHART 8 H. S. PHILLIPS And thus it is with the Amazon and the Atlantic slopes of South America. The area of that country can cover that of British India three times over, and the Amazon is the great artery of it all; yet our gazo is awav toward India and the East. want ? ojlct trot tide of Mil* Street, tecoTlil etory of tkl Store" of IVirncr 4* tVuvd. New Vork, at great cost of time and monev, has, by means of her Erie canal, and other means of internal improvement, well nigh turned the Mississippi river upside down. She has taken one of its commercial mouths at least from the Balifctr and placed it at Sandy Hook. The Rio de la Plata is nearly as large as the Mississippi. The valley it drains is proportionality as large, and far more fertile, for it is intertropical, and a canal of a few stops in length by comparison will turn the Mississippi of the south upside down, also bringing its mouth, for all the practical purposes of trade aud commerce, into the Amazon. And the two will then, for other greot purposes of Stute, be taken by the physical agents of the Creator—the winds of heaven and the currents of the second brought to the straits of Florida, there to be united in their great outlet upon the high seas with the mouth of our own Mississippi. What a focus! Tms "Giiittk U Joi rsai." Is published every Friday, nl Two Dollars lDor milium. Two Pollers nml Fifi-y CVMs will be eiiiirgwt 11' nut (mid within the yew. No pfipor will bo diwontlnoed until ull nrre»riino* aropiud. Advektisbmknts an.1 Intertedeoiwplcitously ntOitK Iioilar utjr tkiunrn of fourteen line* for thro© inncrtion#» knd TwKKTY-riv e Cists additional for every subsequent Insertion. A liberal deduction to those who advertise for »U months or llio whole yiinr. iou WottK.—Wo have conuectod with "l,r " a well selected assortment of Jon Tvi'B, which » HI can bio u» to execute, lu Hit neatest it) le, every variety of tilting.  Now, suppose we had Alladin's lamp, or the wand of some powerful magician, by tho touch of which India and all the Isles df the East, with their inhabitants, commerce, productions, and former wealth, could be lifted up, transported across the seas, and set down in' the great valley of the Amazon just as they are. YVhat should wo have, and what would ue tho effect upon the business relations of this From Rio to Englaful is thirty days, and the steamers go, or .did when I last "inquired, once a month. Now, if (his line fho'd run at iniermediatt) times, It may laud its passengers nnd mails at Norfolk,"if that be the terminus of the line, in twenty days from Itio ; thence in England, via Collins' steamers, in eleven more,—total, thirtyone. Therefore, sal'iitgt wo weeks before and after the Engliih tnVe, the American lint* will turn theso'South American merchants, wild no by tho English line of steamers to Europe to lay iu their stock ol iroods, through this country ; and, being here, they will probably stop short and buy. " Tell the North Americans," says Ti- rado, the great Peruvian statesman, " wc want to see them upon the Amazon, setiling down upon our eastern slopes of the Andes, and bringing with them the steamboat and the spirit of enterprise which characterizes them. We are about to lei down the bars at this end • tell them they must open the gate at the other, and come up to us with the Mississippi steamboat. dallant little Eucador, ardent as the rays of her own vertical sun, speaking through one of her high functionaries, says : POETRY. COMMON SENBE. She came among the glittering crowd— A maiden fair without pretence— And when they asked her humble name, count rv India would be nt our doors, and nil nations, in trading with her, would have to pass them ; for lo ull. either going or coming, they occupy the position of half-way houses. Wo should see -steamboats nt the wharves ol New Orleans and St. Louis, of Memphis, Louisville, Cincinnati, VVheeling and Pittsburg arriving daily and hourly from, and departing as constantly to— litis new country. She whispered mildly " Common Sense.' Iler modest garb drew every eye, Her nmpic clonk her slices of leather And when they sneered, she simply said, 11 I dress according to the weather." ThPy argued long and reasoned loud The Amazon, os it now exists, gives drainage to six nations, It is the natural outlet to the Atlantic of much of Brazil, of most of Bolivia, Peru, and Ecuador, and ol large provinces in New Granada and Venezuela. In dubious H'mdoo phrase mysterious, While Bhe poor child could not divine " Lucnuor will have a sure way of putting herself in connection with the United States. From the tirno of the conquest until now she has possessed the right of Iree navigation upon the Amazon. Moreover, this lino of steamers will gradually make us better acfpiairited with thn Amazon ; RnCl finally, no doubt, bo the means of establishing :he most .valuable nnd important commercial relations with that country. It is tlio corner-stone of a great direct trade. Let us have it tight O Wn may imagine one of our children standing on the last of the Chiulcsaw BlufF*, counting the Amazonian boats as they pass and repass, and telling their car. They knew the length of Plato's beard, Why girls so young shoutJ be so serious And how the scholure wrote in Saturn- She studied authors not bo deep, And took the Bible for her pattern. But the empire litis the strength and the position. She holds the mouth, and will not let the republics go tip or come down with their steamboats. They nre our sis ters. They want our sympathy, and need our assistunce in thflir noble efforts to Introduce the principles of free trade upon tho Amazon. From the other hemisphere these nations are stretching their republican hands out over their Amazonian tribu. tasies, proclaiming for that great river the freedom of the seas, and inviting the world to come up with the steamboat and river craft, the axe and the emigrants, nnd open commerce and navigation with their Amazonian provinces, the richest piedmont country in the world. A spirit hns none abroad there, and is now upon the waters of the Amazon. A little more than two years ago the Federul Government selected a gallant oflicer of the Navy, who was was at that time serving in tho Pacific, detached him from his ship, first for special service in Lima, and afterwards directed him to explore the Amazon, from its sources, to its mouth, to sound its depths, and to gunge its capacities, both present and pros pective, for navigation, trade, and com- These scenes, such development of mineral wealth, suoh freaks of nature, and her magniftoftiif display of vegetable forces in that tropical country, were well calculated to strike the mir.cl of any tintravelled youth, especially one like the youiig snilor Richards, who liul been brought up in the plain, quiet life ot a Virginia farmer, with wonder And amazement. goes " Uonzaj.ez Pizarbo and Capt. ORF.r.tA. na sailed down that liver totlic Atlantic in vessels built and armed on the Napo. Her missionaries from time to time have followed the satno route. From time to time she has continued to use it to this day ; so thai llio Empire of Brazil though she owns the mouth of the Amazon, cannot hinder Kuoador in the continued exercise ol n right which nature and usage have given her, and which is in conformity with tho laws ol nations and the practice of all en. lightened Governments." " There goes one," we may suppose him to sny, " deeply laden from the Rocky Mountains. She is to discharge her cargo at the foot of the great falls where the Amazon takes its last leap from the Andes. She exchanges salutations with one just coming up the river from Kastern Pe. ru. Her cargo is an assorted one of great value; (ino wool, precious metals, spices, cocoa, Peruvian bark, and n great variety of tropica! fruit*, bolh rich and rare, make up the assortment. And so she suid, " Uxcusc me friends, I find nil have their proper places, And Common St use should stay at home, With checrful heart and smiling fares." To appreciate the situation and under, stand the condition of oilr sister Republics 011 the Amazon, we ljove but to cast back and recolleut the tlnio when the mouth of the Mississippi btlouged tp another Power. We claimed the free Use of that river from its mouth rp as a natural right. It was tho gift of Uud to. the people, whom, in His wi.'dom, He intended should in ha Itit its valley, be they of one or of many nations. Money and troops wore, placed at the diCpo«al of the Executive of this nation to enforce this right with regard to the Mississippi. aWnv, From the National Intelligcnecr. Pacific Railroad anil the Amazon. lib had teen the sun at high noon stand, ing in tho north, and casting shadows to tho south. lie had been in those stormy and distant latitudes where daylight itself was but the longest meteor of ft long night, lie had seen ft river tlmt turns about nt times, and runs up strearrt. lie had tnkrn in ut one view tho vegetation of the three zones ; and I, therefore, wondering which The follow ing interesting letter of Lieut. Maurv, of the U. S, Navy, Superintendcut ol* the National Ohservatory, has been communicated to the editors for publica- "There is one from Bolivia ; she has a cargo of coffee and tobacco as superior to that of Mocha and Havana as the coffee ol Brazil is to Jock Tar's best 'Scotch.' Eucador is ulivc to the importance of I he subject, and reciprocates the kindly feelings in this country towards her.— " She recognises," her Minister goes on to say, "the desire of the United States to fraternize with their sister republics of the South through the means of commerce, industry and civilization." tion. National OBsniivAToitv, ? Washington, Muy 5, 1853. $ Sir : In complying with your request "lo reply to the object of the Memphis Con. vention at length,' I select tho Pacific Railway and the Amazon, because thev nre pre eminently National. I do no select the subjects of a mere local bearing, because you are more familiar with them than I -om, and because you understand them .much belter than I do. I should be more likely to do harm than good in offering suggestions with regard to them. Without the aid of any mere looker-on, you have the energy and" the will to carry out all these great works of national improvement among the blales ; manjr of which you have already in hand) ond all of which are intended for the better development of the vast resources of those sections of the country especially whose welfare it is the particular object of the Convention to consider. " That one coining down the river there is from Pittsburg, with a shipment of glo.Cs, hard (fare, and fancy articles. She is bound fijr the markets of Quito, and is going on a trading voyage with the eastern provinces of Eticador, for gold dust, coehineal, indigo, and dyes moro brilliant by far oven than the Svrtan. of all thri« things appeared to him the most curious, said the other duy, " Prav, Mr. Richards, during I his interesting trip of yours in the valley of Ihe Amazon, struck you with most fore*, as being the most curioos thing or remarkable circumsinnce met with in all your travels f" Brazil herself has jgst come out oj a long and perplexing wa.- with Buenos A £ ires—one of the pbjecta of which was this very question as to the free navigation ot a river owned by moro ntiUojjs, thou one. T'ie La Pluta won that river. Brazil owned Homo ol its tributaries, tiie Republic its mouth j and she fought it open, and to forced her wav down, wiih the high hand and strong arm. Therefore the invitation from her is, " Come, fetch us the river steamboat; it will attract population and commerce, and draw niore closely the ties which bind Eucadrrr and iho United States in the bolide of peace. Come', you shall have a fair chance at the rich treasures and vast products in the country drained by the Naponnd other Eucaeorian tributaries of the Maranon," as the upper Amazon is called. "The most remarkable thing, sir ? Why that such a country as that of the Amazon should, in the middle of tho liinfcteenth crnlurv, be a wilderness." /' "Tlint one that is now passing her is from ihe diamond region of Brazil, where the rivers also roll down their jewelled snnds, bright with gold mid precious That expedition has returned ; and Lieut. Herncloit, the officer in charge of it, appreciating the importance of placing Ihe information collected by him before Ihe public without delay, has already submitted his report to the Government. It has been transmitted to Congress; and that body, rightly conceiving it to possess a high degree of interest, has ordered u large number of extra copies. merce. Out, upon the Amazon, the Republics own the upper waters—the Empire the lower—and Brazil keeps them closed light, notwithstanding some of those Republics have thrown their ports open to Ihe world, and invited all umioiia to come up aud trade with them. What n commentary ! I thank that noble voting tar with all my heart for his most glowing description of a glorious country. Language of greater force and stones, " There is one just turning into the land ing at Memphis. She is in the drug and dye-stuff trade. She has the most bril. liant of crimsons, scarlet, and purple, with the richest assortment of spices and gums that ever crossed the seas." Now Grenuda, the Slate ol enlarged views and enlightened policv, the State which is already in close |Dolitica! alliance with us, has caught up the strain and echoed it back from her mountain peaks in tones too clear and distinct not to be understood.compass, or of irtore eloquence, Is not to be fount) nnywhere. That tho int n of the age, the stalesmen of Europe and Amoiica, the spirit of commercea! enterprise nnd adventure which marks tho aC;e, slio'd all have ignored such a country, such soil and such climates, with such capaciiics, capabilities nnd resources us are there, is, and will hereafter bo regarded as the greatest of wonders. Brazil kuotvs that, according to all ihe prirciples of right, the navigation of the Anjazon should- be free. Shall- we force it open ? No. Let us try diplomatic suasion ; lor it may bo opened peaceably ; and we desire, above all tilings, to culti. vate the relations oF peace and*friendship with the nations of this continent. The proper course of action, therefore, Tor the Convention would seem to be to invite the attention of the Government lo the subject, as one of commanding interest among the diplomatic question*of the day. We are the best customers of Brazil for coffee, her great staple. It would be well to remind her that her coffee is admitted into this country duty fren ; and that this fact is a commercial consideration which, in future negotiations between the two countries, ought not to be forgotten. New Orleans and Para, Tabatinga and 'Vheeling, St. Louis and Nauta would each anil all be in conneciion by regular lines of steamboats. The uppfcr countries of tho Amazon and the people on the head vvalers of tho Mississippi, ihe Mis.-ouri. and their tributaries would be in closer and more easy communication than ihe people of Ihe Tennessee and the Ohio were with New Orleans when we wero boys. You recollect the custom was for our young men in those days after gaihering ihtir orop in the Fall, to build a " broad-horn" or keel boat, to embark upon' it with their crop, and drift down the river to New Orleans and a market: arrived there,.they sold both boat and cargo and walked back. This brought their return so late in the Spring that seed time had already passed. And thus it was: one year to make a crop, another to get it to market. I look with astonishment and behold with amazement the giant spirit of -internal improvement that is abroad; nnd the achievements which it is accomplishing in the south and west. It is vast and mighty; they arc grand, and both arc glorious.— All things considered—that you live in a neiv country, that is sparsely populated, 8c.—the degree of energy displayed by the people of the south and West, in tho construction of railroads and other great works of pubic improvement, has never been surpassed or equalled in any age or i''i'Hjtry. Never has there been exhibitj p display of well directed energy, I corporate and individual en. Cjle, as may (low be witnessed in the States of tho South nnd West. The party consisted of but two officers. Count d'Osrfy, n French officer, had, when engaged in an'exploration of the same region, been murdered but n short time before ; yet, notwithstanding this, the American officer, when lie arrived in sight of the great water-shed, determined, with the go ahead spirit of hi* country, men, to divide the party ; to send his com, panion, accompanied by a young American sailor, whom he had enlisted in Lima, into Bolivia, and down the Madeira, while he himself, with no one but a Peruvian, and such of the natives as he could pick up by the way to accompany him, resolved to un dertake the muin stream itself. Thus accompanied, lie descended thn» river on rafts and iti dug-outs through a distance of three thousand five hundred mile?, and found it navigable for vessels of the largest class from the sea to the Andes. A high functionary also of that Government, to u hose notice a friend of mine had brought the enlightened decree ol Bolivia, which establishes free ports upon the Amazon, writes in reply : This is t':c country, then, to which 1 invile the attention of the convention, and towards which f wish to see the energies nnd enterprise of my countrymen directed, that they may assist in developing its re. sniireoo n»Cl m i'pun f ir tln'nipelves and " New Granada is satisfied that steam navigation there will draw alter it the immigrant, trade and industry of ail nations, and has already, by the law of April 7, 1852, opened all her rivers to free navigation."That Government has taken the lead of all the world in giving practical effect to the doctrine ol free trade ; " for," continues ibis letter : "She has made gome of her seaports free to the trade of the world among which are included those of the Isthmus of Pa- Moreover, the Mississippi and the A mazon are'the two largest rivers in the world. Hundreds of millions of commerce annually pass up and down the former ; not more than two millions come down the latter.— Tho navigation of the former, therefore, is worth mnny times more than that of tho latter. Shall the free navigation of the " Fatliar of Waters" be off;red to Brazil in exchange for (lie free navigation of the " King of Rivers/' if it cannot bo had without ? I therefore have not the vanity to suppose that I coulJ say a single word to you with regard to your works and schemes of internal improvement that would be worth so much even as the ink of expression.— You arc all right there, and it is well in others "to let well enough alone." f therefore turn to the mighty Amazon and its water-ahed. I have made it the subject of study /or years, and have had the benefit of some peculiar sources of in. formation with regaiu 10 It. Ihey may not amoynt to much., but such as they are. 1 offer vou the result of them. nama " Have 110 fears," he says, " of New Granada. She is not going to follow, with regard to her tributaries of the Amazon, the example of Brazil with r. gard to its iriouih! That expedition has stirred up (he people in the Spanish republics of the Amazon. The President of Bolivia lifts taken the. lead in the matler, and proved hifmjelf a statesman of the first order. Ho hus thrown the Amazonian provinces of that republic open to the commerce of tlic World ; he has proclaimed the freedom of the seas for the Andes and its tributaries; nnd has offered a prize of $10,000 to the master of flic first steamer that arrives there from the ocean. 1 hnvo seen these things when a boy in ihe Mississippi Valley. So have you ; and therefore you should not now, in yoiir more udvanceil lite, call me visionary when I invite you to " take an excursion into the future" upon the Amazon, iind there to " feast your imagination" with the dontemplaiton of the Mississippi-like changes on the other side of the equators and of what the Atlantic slopes of South America are to be to the commerce, the great, nrss, and the glory of this country, when ihe " freedom of the seas" shall in reality be established upon tho waters of the Am- " New Grannda will not fail—and of this be you assured—to a.«sert benights to the navigation of the Amazon. In the present case, the wrong done by keeping the Amazon shut, touches not only New- Granada, but Bolivia, Peru, liucador and Venezuela—all of which are ready to resist any opposition that may be made to us in the enjoyment of our natural rights." Such is the tenor of my last dispatches. It is plain talk, and uttered withal in manly tones. Well done, Amazonian Republics of South America ! We echo back your noble sentiment : The freedom of the seas for the rivers of the Andes! These nro questions to which, in niy judgment* it is desirable and important the Corivoution should express its views. Do me the favor to pick up the first school Atlas you may see, and turn to the map of North nnd South America, if you have one, if not, to the map of the world. The future of this country is magnificent. In casting about for the pigments of prosperity which are to embellish thfrt fa. ture, many are the sources of national wealth, power and aron'.ness which loom tip in the distance—like land-falls ot sea, the outlines of which are at first but dimly seen, yet the land-cloud above being distinct, our reckoning tells us thotfwa firma is under it; and though we cannot make out the contour thereof, we fell that it is there. Peru has caught the same spirit ; she too is about to proclaim th6 freedom of the seas for her Amazonian water.cours.es.*— She is organizing territories there, and lias placed in the hands of the executive two hundred thousand dollars for the purpose of encouraging immigration and settlement.When that day comes, the mouths ol the Mississippi -and the Amazon, New Orleuns and Para, without the aid of the lamp or wand of any sorcerer, will be within two weeks of each other. azon You will see there that otir continent has, as it were, been stretchld out until it has been nearly drawn in two, the two parts being held together by quite a narrow neck of laud. At'ierthis pulling asunder, the southern part appears to have been thrust over to the eastward, forming of this neck of inni an elbow or bight, in which lies embosomed midway between the two Americas, that beautiful sheet of water composing the Gull of Mexico and the Caribbean sea, which I have so often described as our "Mediterranean. Keep your eye still on the map, if you please, and you will see that South America is in shape a beautiful cornucopia- Consider its mountains, that they are away to the west ; look at, the number and extent of its rivers, that you may understand how well watered the whole Atlantic slope of that country is, and you will see that literally and truly, it is destined to be a great horn of plenty. Its mouth is turned right towards us, as if it were ready to pour out of its vast abundance an infinite variety of fruits. Whenever it does pour them out, it will empty them into our commercial lap —that a foresaid magnificent Mediterranean sea of America. Ainazohin will supply this country with all the intei-tropical productions of the world ; for it is a country, whether we consider the wealth of its mineral or vegetable kingdom, of unsurpassed riches and resources. Respectfully, 8c., M. V. MAt/llY, Lieu't U. S. Navy. J. P. Pryor, Esq., Cfioirman of Committee of Invitation to the Memphis Convention of June, 1853. Ecuador too is moving in the snmo direction, and I expcct tlie next mail to bring me good news from her, and from New Granada also. So, too, with the sources of human happiness and prosperity that are to make this country glorious ; therugh we oatinot just now make out all the channels thereof, their precise capacity and direction, yet we feel that they are in stare for our children. Most ot them ore internal, and therefore within our own keeping. But many of them are external. Among these last wc are accustomed to " feast our imagination with excursions" across, over and about the Pacific. Japan is to be opened to commerce ; China is to bo christianized; with her million.4 our people are to buy, sell, and get gain ; Australia is to bo a mighty nation, and a good customer? and all the islands of the Pacific are to attract our ships, hail our flag as the emblem of freedom, and court friendly alliances with us as the champion by example of the rights of man. Miller, fromMississippi, is in Bolivia ; Cushing, of Indiana, is in Ecuador ; and J. Kahdolph C'luy, one of the most accomplished diplomatists that has the honor to represent this government at any court, is in Lima. These functionaries are alive to the importance of this subject. They regard the opening up of the Amazon to navigation, trade, and settlement as one of' the great questions of the age ; and, we may rely upon it, they will do their duty there if we will do ours hero. has since ClCm6 il While we are receiving these things from this magic " India," the United States would support the workshops and afford the granary for that country. The boat-yards of the Amazon would be on the Ohio and Upper Mississippi; the flouring milts ot the Amazon would be on the James River; her packinghouses in our grazing States; and her looms among our manufacturing poople. Second Marriage.—his remarkable that widows and widowers marry more readily than those who have never entered matrimony. This is one of the greatest compliments to marriage life that could be bestowed upon it. Were a man not to mprry a second time, il might be concluded that his first wife had given him a dingust to marriage; but by marrying a second wife he pays the highest complimcnt to the first, by showing that she made him so happy as a married man, that he wishes to be so a second time. ...... r». •••« VWM«U til M iJIUIllilUN merto Pernambuco, or even to Para, or go un streartfinlo Peru, Bolivia, ito. ' I quote from the morning papers the following semi-official announcement as to the mails for Brazil: The picture I have drawn, though f have had resource to magic implements is tame ; for the axe, the steamboat and the plough, are far more powerful than the wand of the greatest magician. Therefore, let us cfo what, as good citizens, good neighbors and good men, we rightfully may, to touch the waters of tho Amazon with the magic hut real influences of steam, its forests with the axe, and its wastes with the plough ; for in doing this Richards, the sailor lad whom Ilerndon picked up in Lima to accompany bts expedition, went with that part of it which, as I have said, was sent into Bolivia. It vis. iled Cuzco, and passed through the Inca w Hrductton of rostrtge. to liraiH.— We fire authorized to say Ihnt hereafter tho aiugle rate of letter-poaUWJe between the tJnltod Hlales nnd Uracil vt" England, will bo 45 c.cnts Instead of 87 ceiitfe, a* heretofore—pre puyrasnt rtmuir«-d."t " I've three cents left," said a loafer, "and so I'll buy a paper with h." '-WhBt paper will you buy 1" inquired a friend, curious to learn the literary taste ot his acquaintance. . "A paper of tobacoo," replied the loalcr. An Exchange Papeb says: Verily, these are ticklish times for the Democrats. Blessed are the Whigs, who expect nothing and should not get anything if they wanted it. •Since this whs written, I havo received a letter from- Limn, stating that the writer had neon a decree, not yet published, milking Nauta and Loreto freo port*. at whit h uo diuiea whatever are to be cxaeted upon importations Irem abroad. A homestead of turo fancgadas of land is to be given to evory immigrant, to whom i» also yunrnnteod freedom of letigloua worship. Thus you see we are helping to support the steam marine of Great Britain with this heavy postage ; and by allowing her Turn steam, the emigrant, and their influence upou that water-shed, and you will But, in looking so far into futurity and the mighty distance, it happen* with our t t.Vellonal Intolligcncer.