Huntingdon Journal

              igmsi
BY JAS. CLARK.
HUNTINGDON, PA., THURSDAY, JANUARY 9, 1851.
VOL. XVL-NO. 1.
HAPPY D.4YS.
BY CIIAnI.tS HACKAY.
Come bnck—come buck—thou youthful time I
'When joy and innocence wcro oura, Whon life was iu ita vernal prime.
And rctloleiit of svvcctif and fiowers. Como back I let us roam once mure,
Free-hearted tliruu;ili life's pleasant vv.ays. And gather garlands as of yure.
Come back—come bnck—yo liupjiy days!
Come buck—come back !—'twas pleasant then
To cberisb faith in Lovo and Truth, For nothing in di-spraisc uf men
Il'id soured the tcmjicr ufuur yuuth; Come back !—nnd let us slill believe
Tbe gorgeous dream rumanco displaya, Kor truat the tale that men deceive.
Como back—come back—ye bajipy day.s !
Como back, uh freshness oflho jiast!
AVbcn every fnee sccmcd fuir and kind. When sunward every eye vvas east.
And all the ahadovvs fell behind. Come back! 'twill come ; true hearts can turn
Tbcir uwn Deeeinbors into Mays; The secret be it ours to leam,
They come—lhcy come—lliuse liajipy days I
CODG   OF   ETHICS
Ofthe American Metlii-td Assoclatiim.asatlvpted by tilt Huntingdon County Medical Society.
tbey bc   prulfcred  vvilh  jioliteiiess, and  evince n       § 10.    A jiatient shuuld, after his ree. genuine  luvo uf virtue, aecunipanicil by a sincere   lertain a just aiul enduring sense of tin
\iti-y, oil value u
elfare uf thc jierson to vvliuiu lhcy
CHPTER L Aut. L—Duiies of Physicians to their patients. 5 1. A physician shuulil nul only be evcr ready lo obey the culls of thc siek, but his mind oii;:lii also to bo imbued vvilh tho greatness of bis mis¬ sion, and the responsibility be habit-jally incurs in ils discharge. Those oljIi;;atiuii3 are more dceji and enduring, because there is no other tribunal than his ovvn conscience to adjudge jienaliies for eareless- or neglect. I'hysicians should, thercfure, minister to the sick v.ith due improssiuns of the imjinrtnneo of their oflico; refiecling that thc case, the licallh, nnd the lives of thoae conimittcd tu their charge, de.^end on tbeir skill, attentiun and fidelity. Tlicy ehould study, also, iu their depuruneiit, su lo unite ttndemess lA-'ilhJlrniness, nnd condesetnsion witli aij- thority, as to insjiirc thc minds uf their patients with graliiu.le, respect and cunfidence.
§ '2. Every caso eunimitted lo the charge of a physician should bo treated with iitteiition, stead¬ iness, and biimiiiiily. Reasunable indulgence should be grnnt«d to thc mental inibccility and eajiricca of the sick. Secrecy and delicacy, whou required by peculiar circumstances, shuulil bc striclly ubserv¬ ed; nnd the familiar and cunfideiilial iiitcrcuurse to vvhich physicians are admitted in their profes- eional visits, should bc used vvilh .discrctiun, and vrith thc most scrupulous regard to fidelity uiul honor. The obligatiun of secrecy cxtouds boyond the period of professional services ;—none of the privacies of personal and duineslic life, no iiifirnii- ly of disposilion or flaw of character obscrve.l du¬ ring prufi:ssional nttendance, should uver be divulg¬ ed by bim except when be is imjieratively required to do so. Tbc force and necessity of this obliga¬ tion aro indeed so great, that professional men havc, under certain circumstanees, been protected in their observance of secrecy by courts of justice. § 3. Frequent visits lo the sick arc in genera! requisite, since they enable the jibysician lo arrive nt a moro perfect knovvledge of the disease, meet promptly every change which maj-uccur, and also to tend lo preserve thc confidence uf the pa¬ tient. But unnecessary visits are to be avuided, tt they givo useless anxiety to tho jiatient, tend lo diminish the authority of tho physician, mul render bim liablo to bo suajviclcd of interested uotivoa. •
i 4. A pbyalcinn should not bc forward to make gloomy prognostications, because lhcy savour uf empiricism, by magnifying the iinportance of bis eervices in Iho treatment and euro uf the disca.se. BuThc ahouid nut fiiil, on jirujicr occasiuns, tu give lo Ihe friends of the patient timely noiicc of dan¬ ger when it roally occurs; and even to the patient bimaelf, if absolutely necessary. This ofiice, however, is so peculiarly alarniing when executed by him, that it unjoin lu bo dceliued whenever il can bo assigned to any utbcr peraun of sullieieiit judgnicnt and dclicary. For, the jibysician should be thc minister of hojic anrl conifui-t to the sick; that, by such cordials to the drooping sjiirit, be may ¦mooth tho bed of death, revive expiring life, and counteract thc depressing influenec of ihusc maladies whicii oflon disturb' the tranquillity uf tbc most rcsij^icd in their inst nioments. '1'he life of a aick person tan bo sburicned not only by the acts, but also by tho words ur the maimer of a physician. It is, tbeicfiire, a aacred duty to guard bimsclf carefully iu this resjiect, and to avoid all things which have a icndeney to diicourago the pntient and to depross bis spirits.
§ 5. A phveician ought not to nbandon a" pa¬ lient because tho case is deemed incurable; for his atlendnnce m.\v continuo lo bo highly iiscful lo tho patient, and comforting to the relatives around himj even in tbc last period of a fatal malady, hy •lloviating pain and other symptoma, and by south¬ ing mental anguish. To deelino attendance, un euch circumstances, would be sacrificing to fauci iol delicacy and mistaken liberality, that nioral duty, whieii is independent of, nnd fiir superior lo, ftll pccnninry considcrationt.
§ G. Consultations should be promoi'-d in dif¬ flcnlt or pi-otractcd cases, as lhcy give rise lo con¬ fldence, energy, and more enlarged viowa in prac¬ tice.
§ 7. Tho opportunity wbich a phyaician not unfrequently cujoya of promoting and strengthen¬ ing tho good reaolutiona of hia iiatienls, siitrering Iinder the consequences of vicious conduct, ought never to bo oeglocted. Hia counscia, or eveu rc- acmi^rtattt, -ri]] give latir'aetioii, not ofience, if
interest in tbc aro addressed.
Aiit. It.—Obligations oJ'patients lo their physi- sifians.
§ 1. The members of the medical prufesaiun, upon whom is enjoined the jierforinanec of so ma¬ ny inijiurtant nnd arduous duties towards the euiii- inuiiiiy, and who are required to make su many sacrifices of comlbrt, caso, and health, for the welfiiro of those who nvail thcmscivcs uf their services, certainly have a right tu exjicct and re¬ quire, that their jialients idio'.ild eulci'taiu a juat sense of the duties whieh lhcy owe to tlieir medi¬ cal iiltcudauta. ^^
§ '2. The first duty of a patient ia, tofclcct as his medical adviser ono who lias received a regu¬ lar profcssiunal ediicatiou. In no trade or occu¬ patiun do mankiml rely uu the skill uf an untaught artist; aud in incdieiiie, cuiifesscdly tbc must dif¬ licult and intricate uf the -sciences, the vvorld ought uut to suppose that knovvledge is intuitive.
§ -'J. Patients should Jircfer a physician whuse habits of life aro regnhir, and who is not devoted tu company, pleasure, or to any pursuit iucumiiat- able with his iirufcssiuiial ubligauuns. A patient shuuld, also, cuufldo tho eure uf hinisclf and fam¬ ily, as much as jiossible, to ouo jdiysician, fbr a medical mnn wbu has bceonie acquainted with the Iicculinrities of coustitution, hubils, and prcdispo- eitions, of those ho attends, is more likely to be sucecs.sful ill bis trcatineut, than one who dues not possess that knowledge.
A patient wbu has tbua selected bis jibysician, sbuuld alvvnys apjily fur advice iu what may opjiear lo llim liivial cases,-lur the most fatal rcaulta utien supervene on tliC slightest accidents. It ia uf slill more imjiortance that be should apply fur nssist¬ ance in the- forming stage of violent diseases; it is tu a neglocl uf this jireecpt that niedieino ovvcj mueh uf tbo uncertainty and iniporfectiuii with which it has been rcjiroached.
§ l. Patieuta ahuuld fiiithfiilly nnd unreserved¬ ly cumniuiiicile tu their phyaician the sujijiused cause uf their disease. This is tbc more imjior¬ tant, as many diijf .scs of n niental origin, siiiiu- lalc tbose dejicudiiig on extenial causes, and yet are only to be cured hy ministering to tho mind diseased. A patient should never bo afraid of thus inaking his jibysician bis friend and adviser; he should nlways bear iu mind that u inedieal man is under tbo slroiigcst obligations of secrecy.— tbe femfilu -sex aliould never nllo.v feelings of shamo or delieacy to jirevcut their disclosing ibc scat, symptoins, and causes of complaints pe¬ culiar to tlieiii. Huwever cummcndable a modest reserve may be in the cuminonocenrrenccaoflife, ils siriel uliscrvanco in niedieino is often aitendcd witb the most serious cunscquences, and a patictil may sink under a painful and lunthsoino disease, whieb might huve been readily jireventcd had limeiy iutimiiliun been giveii lu the physician.
§ 5. A Jiatient .shuuld never weary bis physi¬ cian with a ledious detail of events or matlera nut njiperlaining lo hia disease. Even as rclalea lo bis actual symptoms, hc will cunvey inucb more real iiif'unnatiun by giving clear uuswera tu inter- rogaluries, than by the most minute account uf uivn t'ramiiig. Neither shoulu ho ubtrudc upen his Jibysician tbe details of his busincss nor the hijtnry cf his faniily concerns.
§ 6. 'The obedience of a jiatient to the prc- serijitiims of bis jibysician ahouid be pronijit and imjilicit. He should never jicrmit iiia ovvn crude opiuions as to tbcir fitness, to Inflnence bis ntlen¬ lion tu tbem. -"V failuro in one particular may render an utlicrvvico judicious treatment danger¬ ous, and even filial. This remark is equally ap- jilicablc lu diet, driuk, and exercise. As patients become cunvalesccnt, they nro very apt tu aiijijiusc that lhe mica jircscribcd fur them may bo diarc- nrded, and the eoiiscquencc, bnt tun uftcn, is n relapse. Patients shuuld never nlluw themselves to be persuaded to lake any medicine whatever, that may ho recummended lu llicm by the sclf- cunslituted ducturs ami doitorcsses, who aro su fioquently met with, and who jiretcnd to jiosscss infallibte remedies for the cure of evory diaease. However simple some of their prcserijilioiis may ajipear to be, il often happens that they ar. j u- duelivc uf much iniscbii.f, and in ull cas. luoy aro injuriuus, by cuiil:-aveiiiii.g tbe plau of Ircal- luenl adojited by tbe pliysiciun.
§ 7. A Jiatient shuuld, if possible, aviiid even theJ'ricndly visits eif a physiciiiii who is uot attend¬ ing him—and when he dues rceeivc llicm, he shuuld never euiiveise on the sulijcct uf his dis¬ ease, as an uliserv,iiiuu inuy bc made, wilhuul any inteulicn uf intcrfcronee, wbieb may dcstiuy bis cunfidence iu the course ho is jiursunig, and induce him to neglocl the directions proscribed to him. A Jiatient ahuuld nover .send for a eunsult- ing jdiysician vvithout the cxjiress eunsent of bis own inedioal atteuibint. It is uf great iiiipurtauce that jiby.siciana sbuuld act in cuncerl; for, ultliuugh llieir niuiles uf treatinenl may bu attended with equal succe.ss when euijiloyed singly, yet cunjoinlly llioy are very likely lo bo jirodnclivo of disastrous results.
§ 8. AA'hen a patient wishes to dismiss his physician, justice and eommou eourtc-ay require that he should ileclare Ills reasons I'or su duing.
§ 3. I'atieiitahliouldalwaya, when prncticable, send fiir their jihyaieiaii in the mfuiiing, befiiro his usual hour of guing uut; for, by being early nvviiro uf tho visits ho bus to jiay during the day, tho j.hysican is able tu ajijiurtiou his time in sucb a mauner us to jirevent an iniorfereuco uf eiigiige- ineiits. Pulients abuiibl ulso uvuid calling uu their mcdiial advisor iinnoccasnrily dm-ing the huurs devoled to meals ur alcep. Thcv should always be in readiness tu receivo tbo visits of their jdiy¬ sician, as tbo deteniiun of a fow miuules is often cf Krious incoavcuiaicc to liim.
tbe services rendered him by his physician; fur flicsc arc of such a chnraeitr, that no mere pecu¬ niary ackiiuwledgmeiit can repay or eaueel tliem.
CHAPTER II. AnT. I.—Duiies for the support nf professional character.
Every individunl, on enteriug the pnifos- siun, as he boeuines thereby entitled tu all its priv- leges and iminiinitics, ineitrs an obligation to ex¬ ert his best nbilitics to inaintain its dignity .and honour, to exalt its standing, and tu extend the Is of its iiscf'iilness. lie ahoiild, thorcftiiT, observe strictly, aiicb laws as arc iustituted fur llie government of its meinbers;—sbuuld uvuiil ull cunlumcliuns nnd stircaatie remarks relalive to the I'aculty, as n body; and while, by unwearied dili¬ gence, he resorts lo every bonoiii-able nicnns of enriching the scienco, ho sliunld entertain n due respeel fur his seuiurs, who have, by their bibiiur,s, bruught it to tho elevated eunilitiuii iu which lio tinds it.
Tiicre is no prnfession, from the meinbers of which greator purily uf character, and tt higher standard uf mural excellence nro required, than thc inedii.'al; and to attain such eminence, is a duty every physician owes alike to his jirufcssiuii, and to his patients. It is due to the latter, na vvithout it he cannut command their resjiect and confidenee, nnd to both, becanso no scientific ut- taiiimenta can cuinpensalc fur the want uf correct moral princijilcs. It is also incumbent iijion the fiiculty to be temperate in nil things, fiir the prac¬ lice of jdiysie requires tbe uuremitting exci'ei.sc uf a clear nud viguruns understanding; ami, ou emergencies, for whieh no professional man sbunbl bo unjireparcd, a steady bund, on uciiti: eye, nnd an uneluiided bond may bo essential to the well- being, nild even to the life, of a felluw creature.
§ 3. It is derogatory to tbc dignity of the pro¬ fession, tu resort lo public advci'tiscmcnta or pri¬ vate cards or hand-bills, inviting tho attcntiun of individuals ufl'ccteil with piirticuhu-diseaso,-.—jml licly uflcring ndvicc and mcdicinu tu the pour gralis, or promising radical cures; ov to publish uses and ojioratiuns iu the daily prints, or aulVcr uell publicatiuns to bo made;—to invito laymen to bo present nt opcratiuus,—tu boaatof cures and remedies,—to adduce ccrlifietttcs of skill aud suc¬ cess, ur lo perforin any otber similar acts. I'hc: are the ordinary practices of empirics, und arc highly reprehensible in a regular physician.
§ 4. Equally derogatory to jirofes.siuiial ebar¬ acter is it, fur a jibysician tu huld a patent fur imy surgical instruineni, ur medicine ; ur to disjicnson secret noslriim, wbether it be thc composiiion or exclusive jirujierty of himself, ur utlicrs. Fur, if sueh noslium be uf real eflicacy, uny eunccaliueut regarding it is incunsistent wilh bcncHcencc and prolcssional liberality ; and if mystery alone givc it value and importance, such craft iiujilies either disgi-accful ignorance, or fraudulent avarice. It is ulso rcprcbensiblc for physicians to givc certifi¬ cates nttcaiiiig tbc cfiicacy of patent or secret medicines, ur in uiiV way to prumote the use uf them.
AliT. II.—T't-efcisi-jiial jerviecs oJ' jihysieians to ,,ach other.
All practitiiincrs uf medicine, their wives, and their children while under tho paternal cure, are enlilled tu the gratuitous services of any one or iiiOrc uf the fiiculty residing near thcin, vvliuse assistancu may bo desired. A jibysician aHlicled with disease is usually nn iiieumjicteut judge cf his ovvn case; and the natiiral lilixicly and suliei- iiidc which be experiences nt tho sickness of u wifo, a ehihl, ur any one vvho, by the tics of cun- saiiguiiiity, is rendered peculiarly dear to hiin. tend to uhseuie his judgment, and jiruduee limidi¬ ly and irrcsulution in his jiriicticc. Under sueh cireunislaiiccs, medical men arc jicculiarly dcjieu- deiit ujiun each ulber, and kind uflices and jirofes¬ sional aid shuuld always bc clicei fiilly and gratui¬ tously afl'urded. A'isits ought not, huwever, lo be ublrudcd ullK'iuusly; na such unasked civility may give rise to einbarrassnieut, or iiitci-fere with that cbuiee on whicii cunfidence depends, liiit, if a distunt ineiiiber of tbe faeulty, whuse cireiiiustan- ecs nro alUiieiit, lequest altciiibince, and au liuiiii- rarium be ull'ereil, it shuuld nut be declined ; I'ur uo pecuniary obligatiun ought lu bo impuscd, v/hich the party receiving it wuuld wish nut lu itii'ur.
AuT. ill.—Of the duties ofphyslcltins as respects rit-arioiis ojjices.
§ 1. The ali'airs oflifc, thu pursuit of beallli, and tho vnriuus iiccidciits und cuntiiigcncics tu which a mctlieul man is peculiarly cxjniseil, sunic¬ tiiiics require bim temporarily lo vvitb'lriiw frum hi: duties tu bis patients, und to rcqu. .; some ufhis Jirofessional brethren to ofliciate tui l.im. Cuiii- jiliiinco with this request is nn net of cuurteay which sliuuld always be jicrfuruied ivilli the utinnst consideration i'ur tbe interest and cliarncler of the family pbj-Fii-iaii, and when excreised fur a shurt Jieriod, all the pceiiniai-y obligations fur such ser¬ vice sbonld bc awarded to him. Rut if ii niember ufthe profession neglect his busineiis in quest uf plea.surc and amnscincut, ho eunuut be conaidered as entitled to tbc udvuntugea of tlio frequent and loiig-cenliimed exercise ofthia fraternal courtesy, without awarding to thu jihysiriun whu ufliciales the fees urising frum flic dischurgo ufhis prufcssiun¬ al duties.
In ubstctiioal and inijiurtant surgical caaos, wbich give rise lo imusual fatigue, anxiely and rc9|Hmsi- liility, it isjust that the fees ai-cniiiig thcrofinm should be awarded to thc jihysicinn vvho olfii'liitcs. Art. iN.—Oj'tlie duties of physicians in regard to ronsidtations.
§ I. A regnlar medical education furnlshoa the only prcsumplivo ovidonee of jirufossinnnl abilities ami aequircineiits, aud ought to bo the ouly no- kuovvlcdged right of au individual to tho cserciso
ll liunuura of his jirufesi^uu. Nevcrtlicless, as in iisultaiiuiia thc goud uf the jitiiiunt is the sulc oh¬ jeet in view, nnd Ibis is uftcn dependent on pcrsoii- al lonfideiiec, no intelligent regular jiructitioiier, whu has a license to practice from some inedieal boaid of knovvn and uckiiuwledpcd rosjicctability, roeognized by this association, nnd wlio is in good 1 and jirofcssiunal standing iu tho jdnce in wbich bu resides, should be liulidiously cxelndcd from felluwship, ur his aid refused in conaiiltatiuu, when il is requested by the jiatient. Rut nu uiie 1 be considered as a regular jinu'iitiuiier, ur ii fit ueiiite iu euiisultatiun, vv buse jiraetiee is based an exclusive dogma, to the rejectiun ufthe ac- imlated experience uflbe jirufe-ssiun^ and ofthe ai'ls ail ually I'unikbed by nuatumy, jihysiulugy, piitliiil.igy, an.l urgaiiie cheinistry.
9 ii. In conHultatiun.a, nu rivalship ur jealousy sbould bc Hululged ; canduur, prubily. and all due respect should bc exercised towards llio physician buving charge of the case.
5 .3. In consultatiuns, tbo nttending physieian should be tho first tu jirujiuse thu necessary ques- tiuns tu tbe sick; nfter which tbe consulting phy¬ sician should have tbo ojijiurtuiiity to make such farther inquiries ufthe patient as may bc necessaiy to satisfy him uf the true character of the case.— Roth Jihysicians fhuiild then rclire to a jirivate place fur dclihcriition ; nnd the one first iu attcu¬ daiice should cummmileatc the directiuns ngreed UJIUII to the Jiatient or llis frieuds, as vvell as any ojiinions which it may be thuught jirojicr to ex¬ press, llut no statement or discussion of it should take placo befure the jiatient ur his friends, cxccjit in the jircseuco ufall the faculty attending, and by their cumnion consent; and no iiplniuns orpi-ng- no.<tii-alions sbuuld be delivered, wbich nre not the rusult of jireviuus deliberatiuu aud coiicurrcnec.
5 4. In consiiltalions, the ybvi-ieiau in atten¬ dance sbuuld deliver his opiniun first; and vvheii there aic -several cunsnltiiig, they sbuuld deliver tbl-ir ujiiiiions in the order iu vvhich they have been called in. Xo decision, however, should restrain the attending physician I'roni making such varia- tu.Ms in the mode of treatment, us nuy aub-scqiient ui:'-xi",ectcd ehange in the eharaeler uf the cnse may demand. Rut such variaiiun, and the reasuiis I'ur it, ought lo bo carefully detailed at the nex meeting in consullaiiun. The same j>rivi!cge be lungs alsu tu the eunsnlting jdiysician Ifhc is sent fur ill till cincrgeni-y, when the regular attendant is uut uf the way, and similar exjdanations must bc made by bim at the next consultation.
§ .1. The utinnst jiiinctuality sliunld be obser ved in the visits ufjibyaieians vvlicu thoy arc tu huld cll'.l^ullatiull, lugelher, aii.l this is generally jirac- tiealile, fiir suciety has been considerate enuiigb ti alluw the jilea ufn prufessiunal cngagemeutlo tak. jireecdenee ufall ulliers, and tu bc uu ample rcasui fur the reliuquisbmcnt ufany jiresent occupation. IJut, as professional engageiiiciita may auinetimes interfere, uiul delay one ofthe jiarties, the pliysi- 0 first arrives sliuuld wait fur his as.sueiate a reasonable jieriud, after whieh the euiisultatiun bunld bc cunsidcred as jiostjiuncd tu n new iiji- jiuintincnt. Ifit be the atleiidingiibysician whois Iiresent, he will uf cuurso see the jiatient and jiro- serihe ; but if it be the eunsulliug one, bo .should retire, e.xcept in case of emergency, or when he has been culled from a considerable disbincc, iu whicb latter ease hc may examine tbe jiatient, and iive bis ujilnion in wrilinii nud under seal, to be lelivered lu bis assuciatc.
§ G. Iu cunsultatiuiis, theoi-cticiil discussions shuuld be avoided, as occasioning jicrplexify and loss uf'iimc. Fur there may be much diversity uf ujiiiiioii cuneoniiiig sjicculative jiuiiita, with perfeet agrooinent in tbuso iiiodcs uf pi-aeliee wbieb arc futinded, nut un hyjiuthesis, but un cxiicricueoaiid ubsorvatlou.
§ 7. ..All diaciissiuus in consultation sbould be held as secret and cunfidential. Xeitlier by words uur manner sbuuld any ufthe jiarties lu a cuiisiil- tiitiun nasert ur insiiiuale, that any jiart uflhe treat- iiieiit pursued did nut receive his assent. The losjiiiiisibiiiiy must be cqunlly divided lielwcen the nicdii-iil atlciidaiiis,—they must equally share the ci-cdituf success as well a.s tbe blame uf Iiiilure.
§ S.    Shuuld nn irrcconeilable diversity ufujiiu- iuii ueeiir when screral jihysieians are c.illed ujioii tu cunsult tugethcr, tbo iijiiiiiun  uflhe  mnjurity shuuld be eonsiilered as decisive ; but ifthe num¬ bers bc equal un each side, then Ihe decisiun shuuld rest with tbo ntlemling jihysieiim.    It may, more over, suinetimes bajipen, that two jdiysieiiiiis can¬ not agree in Ibeirvicwsuf the nature of aense, and llie treatiiieut tu be jmrsue.l.    This  is a eireum siaucc luiieli tu bc dcjilurcd, and shuuld alvvnys hc avuided, if possible, by niulual euiu'cs.siuns, as they cnn bc justified by a euii>eieiitiuns regard fur the dielatos uf jtiilgmcnl.    Rut, in the event uf iis uceiirreueo, a third phy.sii-iiiii shuuld, if jirmti- I able, bo called tu act as iimjiire; and, if eircuin¬ stances Jireveiit the udi>|itiiiu ufthis c(iiir.se, it must he lel't tu the Jiatient lu select the iihysician in wbum he is most willing to cunlidc.    Rut, us every jiliy sician relies iijiun the i-cclitiidcof his judgment, b should, when left in the miiiurity, jiulilely and cuu .sisleiitly retire fruin any further deliberaliun in the (-nnsultntion, or jinrtieijiation in the inanagemeut uf the ease.
§ 9. As circumstances soiuetiincsoccm-to ren¬ der a spceltil consnltalion desirable,, when the eun¬ limicd nllendnnce oftwo physicians might be ob- je.itloiiiiblc .to the paiieut, tho mciubcr uftlio ftu'iil- ly whose nssislauee is required in such cases, shuuld seditluitsly guard against ull future unsolicited at- iciiihinee. As such consultations require an ex- tiaurdiiiary portion bolh uf tiiuo and attentiun, ut least a iluiihlo honorarium uuiv be rcasunably cx¬ jiected.
§ 10. A physician wlio is called ijjjp^n lo con¬ suli, should observe the most houuiiniblc and seru- piiluus regard fur the cliiirticter nud standing of the practiti'jucr iu attcudaucc; the practice ofthe lat¬
ter, if ncceasary, should be justilied as far us it eim bc, cuiiaistently with u eunseientiuns rcgurd Ibr trutli, and no hint or insiniiatiun should be thruwii unt vvhicli could Impair the confidenee rejiu.«ed in bim, or atreet his reputation. The consnlting jiliy- siciau should ulsu carefully refrain from any of thoso extiiiordiiiary tttlcntiuns ur assiduities, whicli tuo often Jiractieed by the dishuucst forlhe base jiurjiusc of gaining upjilaiiso, or ingratiating tlicm¬ selvcs intu tlic favour of families and individuals. AifT. V.—Duties of physicians in cases if iiitcife-
§ I. Medicine is n liberal Jirofessiun, and tlio.-e admitted into its ranks sbunbl fiiiind their expcoW ',
uf Jiractice ujioii tbc extent uf their qiialiii- caliuns, iiulun intrigue or nrtilicc.
A pbysician, in his intercourse with n pn¬ tient under tbe care of another practitiuner, slionld tbc strictest cnution and reserve. Xu iiied- quiries should bo made—nu disingenuuiis bints given relative tu tbc naturo and treatment uf bis disoi-ilcr; nur any cuursc uf cnnduet jiiirsucd that may directly or indirectly loud to diuiini.-'U the trust rejiosed iu the physician ciniiloyed.
§ 3. The samo cireumspeetion and reserve .shuuld bc observed when, frum mutivcs of business nr fricndshiji, a jdiysician is iirumjileil lu visit an individunl wbu is under the ilirci-tiun uf anulher jiractitiuiiur. Indceil, sueh visits shuuld he nvuidod excejit iniller peculiar circumstiinees ; and vvlicu they nrc made, nu jiartieular inquires shuuld be instituted relative tu the nature uf the disease, or the remedies cinjdnycd, but the tujiics uf cuiiver- satiiiii should he as foreign lu the case as cireiiin¬ stances vvill ndmit.
§ 4. A physician ought not tu takc charge of, ur jiicseribc fur a patient whu has recently beeu under the cure uf anuther mcinber uf the faculty in the same illness, cxccjit in eases uf sudden enier- geiicy, uriii cuiisnlliitiuu with the physician pievi- uu.-ly ill atleiidaiiee, or when the latter lia.a i-eliii- qtiisbcd thc case, or been regularly iiut'iHcd that his services are nu lunger desired. Ciider such cir- euinalanecs, nu iiujiist and illiberal iiisinualiuiis shuuld be thruwii uiil in rclatiun tu tbe conduct ur praetiec previunsly jnirsued, which should bc justi¬ fied as far us candour, nnd regard fur tnilh and jirubity vvill jiurmit; lur it ufteu hajipcus, that jia¬ lients become dissatisfied when tlicy do nut exjie¬ ricnce iinmedinte relief, and, as many diseases nre naturally jirutracted, the want of success, in thc first stage uf treatment, nllurds no evidence ofa lack of prufcssiunal knuwiedge nnd .skill.
§ li.- AVhen a jihysicinn is ealled Iu an drgciit case, becau-se the I'aiuily alteiidaiit is not at band, bc uughl, uuless his a--«i.sluncc in eoiisiilhitiun bc desired, tu resign the care of thc puticnt tu the lat¬ ter imniedialely un his arrival.
5 0. Il often hajipens, iu cases of sudden ill¬ ness, ur of recent accidents and injuries, owing to the nlarm and anxiety of friends, that aiuuiil.er uf jiliysicians are simultiincciisly sent i'or. Vnder these cii-cum-^tauces, courtesy .sbuuld assign the jiiiticiit tu the first who nrrives, who shuuld select from tbuse jiie."eiit, nuy additiunal assistance that he may deem necessary. In all such cases, huw¬ ever, thc jiraeliiiuiicr wbu ulficiates, shnnldreqiu'st the family physiciuii, if there be one, to be called, and, unless his further iittcndiiiice be requested, should resign the case lu the latter un bis urrivul. § 7. AVhen n physician is called tn tbo jiatient uf anotlier jir'actitinuer, iucuiisequcucc uflbe sicli- iic,ss or ubseuce oflhc latter, be otight, on the re¬ turn or recuvery- oftlie regular uttciidaut, and with the cunstut uf the jiatient, to surrender llio case.
§ 8. A Jibysician, when visiiing a sii-k person iu the country, may be desired to see a neighbour¬ ing jiiiliciil who is under tho regular dircctinn uf another physician, in conscqucuce ul'suddenchiiiige ur aggravatiiili uf symptums. The cunduct tu be jiuru-ed un such au nci-asion is to givo advice adajilcd to jiresent ciriiimstain'cs ; tu iiitcrfcvc nn fiirther than is absulntoly necessary vvilh the gene¬ ral Jil.iii uf ireatinent; to assnino no futuro dii-ce- liun, unless it be cxjiressly desired ; nud, in tbis last ease, to request un inimediate euiisultatiun with tbc iiractitioner previunsly cinjiluyed.
§ 'J. A wealthy jihysicinn should not givo ad¬ vice grulis lu the aflluent; liccauso his doing so is an iiijiii-y tu his jirufcssiuiiiil brctlircn. The ufllie nfa jdiysician can never hc supjiorled us nn ex¬ clusively beiiefiecnt one; and it ia defrauding, iu sume degree, the commun ftinils fur its siijijini-t, when fees arc disjieiised with whieb might juslly bc claimed.
5 10. AVbcn a jibysician wlio has been ongag- ged to attend n case uf midwifery,, is absent, and another i-s sent for, if ilclivery is uccnmjilished du¬ ring thc atteiidunee ufthe latter, he is eulitled tu the fee, but shuuld resign the patient to the practi¬ tiuner  first engaged.
Aut. \i.— 0felljft-rciii-cs bettrein phy.-ticiaits i I. Uivcrsity ufojiiniiiu, and ujipositiuu of in¬ terest may, in liie inedieal, us iu uther jirotessiuna, sumetiines occasion cuntruvcrsy and even eontcn- liuii. AA'licuevcr sueh eases unfintiiiiately occur, and eamiutbc iinmediately terminated, they should be referred to tbo arbitiiiliuii of a suflicient mim¬ ber uf jihyaiciana, or n ciurt-iiutliial.
§ '2. As Jieeuliar reserve must be maintained bv jihysieiuns towards the jmblic, in regard lu jii-ufosaioual mailers, and as there exist numorous jKiiiits ill medical ethics nnd etiquette tli'.-ougb which the feelings nf niedical meu may bc painful¬ ly assailed in thuir iutercourao with uach uilicr, and wbieh cannnt be nnderstnnd or njiprecbited by gcuci-iil society, neither the subject matter of .such difl'erenccs nur tha udjudieatiuu uf the iirbitralurs should bu mudo Jiublic, na iiiiblicity iu n case uf tbia nature may be porsouully iujurinus to the in¬ diviiluula cuiieeriied, und ean hardly fiiil lu bring discredit on llio fiiculty,
Aut, A'IL—tf Pecuniary nekiuiwledgemeiits Sumc general rules shuuld bo adopted by thc faculty, in every town or district, relative to/i<rii-
nlary tichii'j,t-ledgmii.ts I'lum their palieiits ; end it should be deciucd a jioint of honor to adhere to theso rules with na much uniformity us varying circumstances vvill admit.
CHAPTER IIL AliT. 1.—Duties of the pl-ofessiim to Ihc public.^ 5 I. As guod citizen.^ it is the duty uf jiliysi- ciaiia to hp ever vigilant fur the welfiire uftbc com¬ munily, llllll to bear tbcir jairt in sutainiiig ita in¬ atitulions and burdens: they should also be cror i-cady tn give t-utiii-jel tu the public in rehilinu .to iiialteis esjiecially ujijiertainiiig lu theirprufcsaityii, us ou subjoets of uivdiciil jmlicc, public byglonc, and legal niediciue. It is their jiruvinee tu en¬ lighten the public in regard tu quareutiiie regula¬ tions,—the locniiun, nnimgiiiciit, and dietaries of usjiitals, iLsylums, seliouls, prisuns, mid similar iislitutiuus,—riu relatiuu tu the incdii-jil polii-o of lowns, us draimigo, vcniilal ion, vtc,—and in re¬ gard to measures fur tho jncveiitiou uf ejiidcmic and cuiitagious diieuses ; uud wlion pcslileuce pro- •iiils, it is their duty lo I'.iec the danger, nnd to cuntinue theirhibuui'S for'the alleviation of tko ufl'ering, even at the jeujiardy of their owu livos. § 2. MeJieil inen shuulil also bo always ready when called on by the legally constituted authori¬ ties, fu enlighten curciier's iiiquc.<t.«, and courts uf isticc, on subjects strictly medical,—such as iu- nlve questions relating tu sanily, Icgitlmncy, mur¬ der by puiauiia orothcr violent means, and"in ro¬ gard tu tbu variuns nlher subjects embrneed in thu science ul Jledical .lurispiiiilcncc. Jiut iu tlioeo CIISOS, and especially vvhere tbey aro roquirod lo make a jiost-iiiurlcm examination, it is just, in cuiiseipicr.ec ofthe tilne, labour, and akill reijuired, and tbe rcspuusibility ami risk tbey iiirur, tbal tho Jiublic sbould award them a jirupcrboiiorariuui.
§ 3. There is nu jiiofcssion, by the uiembo^-a uf whieb cl^gaiiisyiiary services arc muic liberally disjiensed than the medical, but juslico reqiiirea that sume limita shuuld he placed tu the jicrl'urin- iiiico uf such gund offices. Poverty, professional brullierhuud, and certaiu uftlie public ilufics refer¬ red lo in the fii'st .seetiun ufthis chapter, shuuhl nl¬ ways he recuguized as jircseiiling valid chiims for giatuituus services; but neithtr institutiuns en- duvved by the jiublic or by rich individuals, sueie¬ tics fur mulnul benefit, fur the insurance of lives or for aiuiluguus jiurjioses, uor any profession or oc¬ cupation, can bc admilted to jios.scas sucb privi¬ lege. Xur can it be juslly exjiccted uf jdivsiciaii'i tu furuish certifieates uf inability to serve un ju¬ ries, to jierfui'm militia di'ty, ur to testily to tbe stale uf health nf Jicrsuiis wishiuif In insure their lives, obtain jicnsiuna, ur thc like, withuul a jiccu- iiiaiyacknuvvlcdguieui. Rut to indivbluala in in¬ digent einumstaBccs, such professiniial acrvieoe sbuuld always be clieerfully and freely accutdcd. § 4. It is the duty uf jibysieiiins, whu nru fro- jueiit vvitnesses uf tho enuriuilies euniinilted by liiaekery, and the iiijury In health and even do»- triieliun uflife caused by the nac of quack medi¬ ciucs, to enlighteu the public on these rubjccts, to 'ipuse the injuries sustiiintd bythe unwary I'rom the devices aiut prcfentions of urtful empirics and inipusturs. I'liysieinns iiiighl tu use all thc influ¬ ence whicii they may jiu.isess, as jirefcssurs iu Col, legos Ilf I'liaiiiiaey, and by exercising their optiuii 11 regard lu the sbiijis lu whieb their jiiescrijitiujjji diall be sent; tu discoiiriigc druggists and apotbo.- raries from vending ijuiick or secret medicines, or rrum being in any way engaged in their mauufuc- tiire and sale. Akt. II.—Oldiyations nf the public tn jihysiciaiit. § I. 'J'lic benefits accruing to the jiublic, di- -octly and indireetly, frora the activo and unwea¬ ried lieiicficeucc ufthe professiuii, nrc so mimcr- iiis unil Imjiortant, that jihysicians nre ju.sily en-; titled lotbe ulmo.st considcraliun nnd resjiect from thc eommunity. The jmblic ought likewise to enlcrtain a jnst appreeialiuu ufiaedii-a! qualifica¬ tions ;—to make a prupcr discrimiiiatiuii bctwcou true science and the asstmijitions ef iguoranco ami cnipirieisni,—tu afliird every eiicnunigemcut iiii'l fiu-ility fur tho aequisiliun of iiicilical cduca¬ linn,—and no lunger to alluw the statute books to exhibit the luinmaly ul exacting knuwiedge from' jdiysieiiins, under liability lu heavy jienaltics, and uf making them ubiioxiuua to jiiinisliiiicnt fur ro- surtiiig to theonly means of ubtainiiig it.
Giii-An .Stoum ix C-\.v.vi>.v.—Moxtubal,Dec. '21.—A'eslcrday a heavy suovv sturm swept over- this city, the must .severe that has visiled ul for 2I> years. It is I'cured cuusiderable damage bar biida, sustained.
^J""The 'jcst and most cxi-lusivo reason fiir an elTecl that I ever leuicmber tu have heard, (writes 11 weslern corrcsiiuiideiil,) was ouc giveu by a '-one-idea" Pulelmien, in rcjily tu n friond who remarked : ''Why, lluus, ynu lutvo tho most fem¬ inine cast nf coniitciiitiicc 1 have ever scon."— "Cb, yaw," was the rejily: "I know dc reoson for liat] mine iiioeliler Vtm a voiiitxn I" '
On Mv.—A lady vvns the ulher day describing tu ber husband some poor but decent peujile aha. had visited, uud cuiii-bnle.l by revealing lb© fijl- luwing climax uf fiilly tu whieh shc had uttftiucd!, '•.And my dear, unly think, they hnvo a nig oai'pijt^, un the tluo;-—.Imlyd their chilili-en ceill their fa- rents pa and ma,'"
C^?'''Knuw lodge is jiuwcr," wrote the great lurd llueuii, ')linovvledgo bi jiovver,"' cumplueent- ly exclaimed u. gculloniiin thc otber Uay, when strung men luiyitu; filled, liu released a lap-dojf from Ibu teclh irfi hugo inastllf, by quietly uilmin- istering tu t|)ij,iuftcr a jiiiich of aimff!      -
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Pketty KEr.s.—"Sly dear," aaid » geDtlainaa tu a yuuug ludy lu whum be thuught tu be luarried "iV.) you wish In muke a fuul nfmol"    "^io," i«« ,i plied the lady, "nai'uc has larcd me the trouble."